王曉農(nóng)翻譯理論與實踐2 Lecture Two

1、Translation Theory & Practice(2) Course No. 1400142Lecturer:Lecture Two A Syntactic Approach to C-E Translation (1): Clarification & Illustration A Syntactic Approach to C-E Translation (1): Clarification & Illustration You are expected to make conscientious efforts to learn to produce syntactically

2、 sound English sentences in C-E T. Syntactic Approach to C-E Translation:highlights the structural treatment of the original Chinese sentences for inter-sentences as the basic translation unit, without neglecting the question of translating words and phrases and of style of the English version to ad

3、here to this approach means you are not to break up an original sentence, how long it may be ,into shorter ones for convenience of translation, unless there is division necessity. In the case of division, the approach should be applied to each of the smaller sentences.Significance: Effective for bot

4、h practical and pedagogic purposes. Practically it can offer a possible version (or a preliminary version for further improvement) and pedagogically, it can provide a common ground for a translation workshop.Tip:In our discussion today, pay close attention to the procedure of translating rather than

5、 the finished versions.Preliminary illustration:(1) 煙臺是一座美麗的海濱城市, 是中國首批對外開放的十四個沿海城市之一和著名的國際葡萄葡萄酒城。Analysis: Semantic; pragmatic; syntactic; rhetorical; functional Yantai, a beautiful seaside city renowned as an international vine-wine capital, is one of Chinas first 14 coastal metropolises open to t

6、he outside world. Chinese sentences: Typically a bamboo shoot (Topic + Comment construction) English sentences : a tree with its trunk ,branches and twigs(S+P Frame-work)As for Chinese sentences unnecessary to be broken up, in order to set up a trunk sentence structure for the English version, it is

7、 important to achieve the proper decision on a form of the trunk structure for the main part that is to carry the central idea of a sentence, to which branching structures bearing side ideas in the form of clauses or phrases are attached.The typical key steps to applying the syntactic approach to tr

8、anslating well-punctuated and properly bounded Chinese sentences with more than one semantic unit and of which there is no necessity of division are: 1. Resolve the sentence into semantic units through analyzing the sentence structure mainly on the basis of semantic and pragmatic factors:1) Distingu

9、ish the primary message from the secondary message (s).2) Find out the logical relationships between the semantic units, especially of the secondary message (s) to the primary message.2. Select an appropriate sentence structure according to the primary-to-secondary relationship and the logical relat

10、ionships between the semantic units:1) Place the primary message in the main clause of a complex sentence / S-P structure of a simple sentence2) Place the secondary message (s) in a subordinate clause (s) or phrase (s);3) Choose expressive means for the secondary message (s)4) Decide the subject-pre

11、dicate order of the sentence5) Decide the position of the minor elements of the sentence or clauseMore examples:(2) 長江發(fā)源于青海省，干流長6，300公里，流經(jīng)七省一區(qū)一市，在上海注入東海。The primary message?The trunk structure?The secondary messages The subordinate structures? Originating/Originated from Qinghai Province, the Yangtz

12、e River , with its trunk stream (measuring) 6,300 kilometers, flows through seven provinces , one autonomous region and one municipality , emptying/ pouring into the East China Sea at Shanghai.(3)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展，2005年實現(xiàn)利稅250億元，比五年前增加150億元，年均增長30%, 涌現(xiàn)出了100多個重點企業(yè)集團，促進了農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和繁榮，農(nóng)村面貌煥然一新，全市已有98%的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)和95%的村達到小康

13、生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。(3)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展，(A) 2005年實現(xiàn)利稅250億元，(B) 比五年前增加150億元，年均增長30%, (C) 涌現(xiàn)出了100多個重點企業(yè)集團，(D) 促進了農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和繁榮，(E) 農(nóng)村面貌煥然一新，(F) 全市已有98%的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)和95%的村達到小康生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。-鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展-鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)-促進了農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和繁榮Vigorously flourishing are the village and township enterprises鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展，(A) realize for 2005 RMB 25 billion of taxable profits,(A)

14、2005年實現(xiàn)利稅250億元， (B) represent a growth of RMB 150 billion over 2000, and an annual average increase of 25%,(B) 比五年前增加150億元，年均增長30%,(C) from them over 100 key enterprises have sprung up(C) 涌現(xiàn)出了100多個重點企業(yè)集團，(D) promote the economic development and prosperity of the rural areas(D) 促進了農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和繁榮，(E) an e

15、ntirely new change has taken place (E) 農(nóng)村面貌煥然一新，(F) 98% of the township and 95% of the villages attain the “better-off” level of the peoples livelihood.(F) 全市已有98%的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)和95%的村達到小康生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。Vigorously flourishing are the village and township enterprises-post-modifiers:(A) realize for 2005 RMB 25 billion of t

16、axable profits, (B) represent a growth of RMB 150 billion over 2000, and an annual average increase of 25%,(C) from them over 100 key enterprises have sprang up(D) promote the economic development and prosperity of the rural areas(E) an entirely new change has taken place (F) 98% of the township and

17、 95% of the villages attain the “better-off” level of the peoples livelihood.Vigorously flourishing are the village and township enterprises, which have realized for 2005 RMB 25 billion of taxable profits, representing a growth of RMB 150 billion over 2000, and an annual average increase of 25%, and

18、 from which have sprang up over 100 key enterprises, thus greatly promoting the economic development and prosperity of the rural areas, where an entirely new change has taken place, with 98% of the township and 95% of the villages attaining the “better-off” level of the peoples livelihood.The vigorously flourishing township enterprises, which have realized for 2005 RMB 25 billion of taxable profits, representing a growth of RMB150 billion over 2000, and an annual average increase of 25%, and from which sprang u