人教版八年級英語下冊英語知識點復(fù)習(xí)及練習(xí)（無答案）

1、基礎(chǔ)自測:用本單元所學(xué)單詞或短語的適當形式完成短文。 Mike is a Chinese boy. He likes reading _1(science fiction)very much. When he reads it, he cant _2 (put it down)He has read it _3 (ever since)five years ago. He wants to be a writer when he _4(grow up)Last Friday night，he had a dream. In the dream he _5(go abroad)by plane.

2、Unluckily, the plane stopped working during the trip. The captain said to all the passengers，“_6(hurry up), or you _7(lose ones life)” Mike flew into the sky with the power of a magic stick and landed safely. Then he found a big box. It was _8(full of)treasure，and the treasure _9(belong to)him then.

3、 He was so happy that he woke up，and felt very tired.根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子1我已經(jīng)吃過早餐了。I_ already_ my breakfast.2他以前讀過那本書。He _ _ that book before.3我朋友還未離開。My friend_ _ yet. 4我還沒有找到丟失的鑰匙。I_ _ the lost keys.5你決定要去哪里了嗎？_ you _ where to go?知識梳理1、Have you read Little Women yet？ 你已經(jīng)讀過小婦人了嗎？（1）本句時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“助動詞have/ h

4、as 動詞的過去分詞”，表示相對于現(xiàn)在來說已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。eg：I have watered the plants already. 我已經(jīng)給那些植物澆了水。（2）yet為副詞，意為“還；已經(jīng)”，多用于否定句和疑問句，通常放在句末。not yet的意思是“尚未；還沒有”，它常用于否定回答。 eg：I havent done it yet.我還沒有做它呢。Have you read the new book that you bought yesterday？ 你已經(jīng)讀了你昨天買的新書了嗎？Not yet.還沒有。2、put down 放下（1）put down放下eg：D

5、ont put up your hands. Please put them down. 你們不要舉手，請放下。（2）cant put sth. down意為“對某物愛不釋手”。eg：It is an interesting book and he cant put it down.它是一本有趣的書，他對它愛不釋手。（3）put down還意為“寫下，記下”，等于write down。eg：Let me put down your telephone number.讓我記下你的電話號碼。注意：put. down 為“動詞副詞”型短語，賓語若為代詞，應(yīng)放在put 與 down 中間。拓展：put

6、的相關(guān)短語：put away 收起來put off 推遲put on 穿上 put up 張貼hurry up趕快；急忙（做某事）eg： Hurry up， or you will be late.快點，否則你會遲到的。 難點：與hurry相關(guān)的短語：(1) hurry off/away意為“匆匆離去”。eg：Miss Zhao hurried off to look after the man. 趙老師匆匆趕去照看那個人。(2) hurry into意為“匆忙進入”。eg：Her parents are trying to hurry her into marriage.她的父母設(shè)法催她快點

7、結(jié)婚。(3) hurry out意為“匆忙出去”。eg：The man hurried out of the car before reporters could speak to him.記者們還未來得及與他交談，這個男人就匆匆離開了汽車。(4) in a hurry意為“匆忙地”。eg：（樂山中考）He left home in a hurry and forgot to turn off the light this morning.今天上午他匆忙離開家，忘記關(guān)燈了。4、The book report is due in two weeks.讀書報告兩周后必須交。（1）due此處作形容詞

8、，“預(yù)期；預(yù)定；預(yù)計”，后面引出預(yù)期的時間、地點等。eg：Her baby is due next month.她的寶寶預(yù)計在下個月出生。Our plane is due at Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport at 12：30.我們的飛機預(yù)計于12：30降落在上海虹橋國際機場。拓展：be due to do sth.意為“預(yù)期做某事”eg：The meeting is due to start at 3：30.會議預(yù)定3:30開始。（2）in two weeks 意為“兩周之后”?！癷n一段時間”表示“在以后”，常用在一般將來時的句子中。對此提問

9、用how soon。eg：He will be back in a week. 一周之后，他將回來。注意：“after一段時間”常用在一般過去時的句子中。eg：He got to Beijing after two hours. 他是兩個小時后抵達北京的。5、lose ones life喪生lose ones life相當于動詞die。life意為“性命”，屬可數(shù)名詞，在數(shù)上要與ones一致。 eg：The Greens lost their lives in the car accident. 格林一家人在那次車禍中喪生了。拓展：life泛指一般意義的“生活”時，為不可數(shù)名詞。eg：Our

10、life is getting better and better. 我們的生活變得越來越好。life表示某種方式的“生活”時，常用單數(shù)形式。eg：We are living a happy life. 我們過著幸福的生活。6、else /els/ adv. 另外的，其他的else為副詞，常用在who， whose， what等疑問代詞及when， where等疑問副詞之后；也放在以one， body， thing， place， where結(jié)尾的復(fù)合不定代詞/副詞之后。eg：Would you like something else to drink？ 你還想喝點別的什么嗎？拓展：other

11、為形容詞，意為“別的；其他的”，常放在名詞之前作定語。也可用作代詞，表示“其他的人或物”。eg： Whats that in your other hand？ 你的另一只手里拿著什么？ Other people may not think that way. 別人可能不那樣想。7、One.the other. （兩者中的）一個另一個eg：I have two brothers. One is a doctor；the other is a teacher.我有兩個哥哥。一個是醫(yī)生，另一個是教師。拓展：some.the others用于三者或三者以上，意為“一些其余的”eg：Boys are o

12、n the playground. Some are playing basketball，the others are playing football.男孩們在操場上。一些正在打籃球，其余的正在踢足球。8、towards prep.朝；向；對著辨析for， to與towardsfor常用在leave， start后，表示運動的方向或目的地。Theyll leave for Xian to travel.他們要去西安旅游。置于go， come， return，When will you come to ourto move等詞后，表示目的地。 school？你將什么時候來我們學(xué)校？towar

13、ds意為“朝；向”，只說明運動方向，無“到達”之意。She was walking towards the town.她正往鎮(zhèn)上走去。例題：In a basketball match， players move _（朝，向） one end of the court while throwing the ball to each other.9、cant wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事eg：Bill couldnt wait to open his present. 比爾迫不及待地打開他的禮物。拓展：(1) cant help doing sth.意為“情不自禁地做某事”。eg

14、： He could not help laughing. 他忍不住笑了起來。(2) cant stand doing sth.意為“不能容忍做某事”。eg：I cant stand waiting for such a long time.我不能容忍等這么久。(3) cant stop doing sth. 意為“不能停止做某事”。eg：The boy couldnt stop crying when he heard the bad news.當他聽到這個壞消息時，這個男孩不停地哭起來。10、make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事make 意為“使變得；促使；迫使”，是使役動詞，常

15、見結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）make sb. do sth.意為“使某人做某事”。eg：The news made my father feel sad. 這個消息使我的爸爸感到傷心。（2）make 名詞/代詞形容詞，意為“使處于某種狀態(tài)”。eg：He always makes us happy. 他總是使我們快樂。（3）make 作動詞，還可意為“制訂；做”。eg：He can make a model plane. 他會做飛機模型。拓展：make的相關(guān)短語：make money賺錢make the bed鋪床，整理床鋪make a mistake犯錯誤 make friends with與交朋友make

16、 a decision作出決定make sure確信make fun of取笑11、 come to逐漸；開始come to相當于begin/get to，后面跟動詞原形，其后常跟的動詞有：like， understand， realize， see， know等。eg：I came to like her.我逐漸喜歡上她了。 I came to understand his love. 我開始理解他的愛。拓展：come to do意為“來做（從事）某事”。eg：Excuse me，would you like to come to help me with my English？打擾了，你愿

17、意來幫助我學(xué)英語嗎？We hope youll come to do business with us.我們希望你們來與我們做生意。12、ever since自從ever since相當于since， ever起強調(diào)作用，其后可接短語或句子。接句子時，從句用一般過去時，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時。 eg：I havent heard from him ever since last year. 自去年以來我就未曾收到過他的信。拓展：ever since 可單獨使用，放于句末。eg：He fell ill at Christmas and has been ill ever since. 他在圣誕節(jié)生病了

18、，此后就一直不適。13、辨析 such as與for examplesuchas列舉整體之中的部分同類人或事物作例。其后沒有逗號，直接加所列舉的內(nèi)容。forexample列舉整體之中的一個為例，在句子中多用作插入語，用逗號與其前內(nèi)容隔開，位置可以在句首、句中或句末。拓展：like也常用來表示舉例，可與such as互換。但such as用于舉例可以分開使用，此時不可與like互換。eg：Some warmblooded animals，like/such as the cat，the dog and the wolf，do not need to hibernate.一些溫血動物，像貓、狗和狼

19、都不需要冬眠。He has several such reference books as dictionaries and handbooks. 他有幾本像字典、手冊之類的參考書。Tom， for example， is my good friend. 例如，湯姆是我的好朋友。I have some good friends，such as Tom，Kate and Wang Bin. 我有一些好朋友，例如湯姆、凱特和王斌。例題：I have lots of hobbies， playing table tennis， playing football and playing basketb

20、all.A. such asB. namely C. that is D. for example14、belong v.屬于；歸屬eg：I used to belong to a youth club.我曾是一個青年俱樂部的成員。 belong to意為“屬于，為所擁有”。belong to不能用于被動語態(tài)，也不能用于進行時態(tài)。eg：The fantastic world surely belongsto young people and the future.這個神奇的世界肯定屬于年輕人和未來。注意：belong to中的to是介詞，后接名詞或人稱代詞的賓格形式，不能接名詞性物主代詞或名詞

21、所有格。eg：The bike belongs to my mother. 這輛自行車屬于我媽媽。 This classroom belongs to us. 這間教室屬于我們。15、one another互相英語中表示“相互”的詞組有兩個，即one another和each other。二者都是“相互，互相”之意，通常作賓語，不能作主語，可通用。eg：They looked at each other/one another. 他們彼此對視。拓展：each other和one another都有其所有格，即可在其后加“s”。eg：The students borrowed each othe

22、rs notes. 學(xué)生們互借筆記。例題：They put the food intobags.A. each other B. each others C. one others D. one another 注意：one after another是一個常用短語，表示“一個接一個”。eg：They left the room one after another. 他們一個接一個地離開了這個房間。16、have/has been to 去過“have/has been to某地”意為“去過某地（已經(jīng)回來）”，當表地點的詞為副詞時，則省略to。eg：I have been to Beijing

23、 Zoo. 我去過北京動物園。He hasnt been there before. 他以前沒去過那兒。拓展：“have/has gone to某地”意為“去某地了（尚未回來）”。eg：Where is Tom？ 湯姆在哪兒？ He has gone to the library.他去圖書館了。17、famous adj.著名的；出名的famous（well known），常見的搭配：befamousas.作為出名BruceLeeisfamousasanactor.李小龍作為演員而出名。befamousfor.因為出名LangLangisfamousforplayingthepiano.郎朗因

24、為彈鋼琴出名。befamousin.在出名LiuQianisfamousinChinanow.劉謙現(xiàn)在在中國很出名。befamousto為所熟知Theprogrammeisfamoustomanyyoungpeople.許多年輕人都熟悉這檔節(jié)目。語法現(xiàn)在完成時（一） 現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，也可以表示從過去某一時間開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。常與already（已經(jīng)），just（剛剛），ever（曾經(jīng)），never（從不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等連用。（1）現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句主語have/has動詞的過去分詞其他.eg:Ihavealrea

25、dyfinishedmyhomework. 我已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè)。否定句主語have/hasnot動詞的過去分詞其他.eg:Ihavenotheardfromhimyet. 我還沒收到他的來信。一般疑問句和簡略回答Have/Has主語動詞的過去分詞其他？Yes，主語have/has.No，主語have/hasnot.Eg:HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing？你曾去過北京嗎？Yes，Ihave.是的，我去過。/No，Ihavent.不，我沒去過。（2）already與yet在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法alreadyadv.已經(jīng)；早已通常用于肯定句中，一般用于have/has后，實義動詞前，

26、也有放在句尾的情況。Ihavealreadyhadbreakfast.我已經(jīng)吃過早飯了。yetadv.還；已經(jīng)用于否定句和疑問句中，一般用在句末。Ihaventdonemyhomeworkyet.我還沒有做作業(yè)。例題：Has your sister finished reading ？Yes. She has finished it.A. yet； yetB. yet； alreadyC. already； yet（3）一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別1、一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情?，F(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。eg: I saw this film y

27、esterday. 我昨天看了這部電影。I have seen this film. 這部電影我已經(jīng)看過了。2、一般過去時常與具體的表示過去的時間狀語（如：yesterday， last week， three days ago， in 1990等）連用；現(xiàn)在完成時不與表示明確的過去的時間狀語連用，但可以與in the past.years/weeks， so far等時間狀語連用。eg：Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.昨晚湯姆給他父母寫了一封信。The weather has been so hot so far this summe

28、r.到目前為止，今年夏天天氣一直很熱。典例精析 Hurry up！ The movie will begin 10 minutes. A.over B. in C. for D. at【點撥】本題用語法判定法。句意：趕快！電影將會在10分鐘之后開始。“in一段時間”表示“一段時間以后”。The meeting is on the 22nd.it in your diary.A. Cut；down B. Look；down C. Turn；down D. Put；down【點撥】本題用短語辨析法。cut down砍倒；look down往下看；turn down調(diào)低；put down記下。If

29、you do things ，usually you cant do them well. A. in a hurry B. from now on C. just now D.at once【點撥】 in a hurry匆忙，倉促；from now on從現(xiàn)在起；just now剛剛；at once立刻，馬上，句意：如果你做事很匆忙，你通常是做不好的。My family has two dogs. One is white；is black. A.other B. another C. the other D. others【點撥】根據(jù)上句“我家有兩只狗?！笨梢酝茰y下句應(yīng)為“一只狗是白色的，

30、另一只狗是黑色的。”one.the other.意為“（兩者中的）一個另一個”。C項符合結(jié)構(gòu)及句意。My parents said they would come to visit me. I couldnt to see them after several months away from home. A. wait B. Help C. expect D. afford【點撥】本題用固定短語法。wait等待；help幫助；expect期待；afford提供。句意：我父母說他們要來看我。離開家?guī)讉€月了，我迫不及待地要見到他們。短語cant wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事。Ho

31、w time flies！ We should show love for our parents and make them how much they mean to us. A. to know B. knowing C. knew D. know【點撥】本題用固定短語法。句意：時間過得真快?。∥覀儜?yīng)該向我們的父母表達我們的愛，并且讓他們知道他們對我們是多么重要。make sb.do sth.使某人做某事。I met Lucy in primary school and we have been close friends. A. as usual B. again and againC

32、. sooner or later D. ever since【點撥】as usual 和往常一樣；again and again 一次又一次；sooner or later 遲早；ever since 自之后。句意：我在小學(xué)的時候遇見了露西，自從那之后我們一直是親密的朋友。The American warships （軍艦） have appeared near South China Sea Islands again.We must let the Americans know clearly that the islands China.A. come from B. belong t

33、o C. care about D. believe in【點撥】本題用短語辨析法。come from來自；belong to屬于；care about在乎；believe in相信。句意：美國軍艦再次出現(xiàn)在中國南海島嶼附近。我們必須讓美國人清楚地知道這些島嶼屬于中國。Monica, you the exam! Congratulation！ A. pass B. have passed C. will pass D. are passing【點撥】本題用語境判斷法。由Congratulation！可知是已經(jīng)通過考試了，對現(xiàn)在的影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時。課堂鞏固：用所給單詞的適當形式填空。1What

34、 did you see Jim doing?I saw him _(swim) in the river.2_ you _ (visit)the art museum yet?3The match makes me _(feel) excited.4She_(practice)the piano ever since.5We decided_(plant)some trees on the hill near our town.課后練習(xí)動詞應(yīng)用閱讀下面短文，用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當形式填空，必要時可加助動詞或情態(tài)動詞One day, I took my daughter to the park.

35、As soon as we got there, my daughter 1._ (run) to the swing (秋千)and asked for a push.When I was helping my daughter, I noticed another girl trying to make her own swing 2._ (go) high by herself.Her old grandmother was sitting on the chair nearby and smiling at us. Gradually, my daughter 3._ (push) h

36、igher and higher by me.Then I walked towards the little girl.I asked if I 4._ (give) a big push to her.She smiled and said “Yes”For the next hour, I pushed the swings, and played with my daughter and the little girl.When we went home, I 5._ (be) tired but very happy.One day two years later, after a

37、days work, I went to pick up my daughter before going home.While I 6._ (wait) outside the school gate, a little girl smiled sweetly at me and gave me a big hug.As I watched her 7._ (run) away, I realized that she was the girl whom I gave a big push in the park.So far, I 8._ (not forget) her sweet sm

38、ile and the warm hug that she gave me.In fact, if we give love to others, love 9._ (find) its way back to us.It may travel from heart to heart or it may blossom (開花)in the heart.The love we share, the kindness we 10._ (give), and the happiness we create will come back to us with a pleasant surprise.

39、閱讀理解I think that a great friend is a great artist who can change my feeling about life greatly.When I talk about the person who influenced me most，I must think of my best friend quickly.When I was in my university, one of my classmates sat beside me.His name is Wang Tao.He is my unforgettable friend

40、 in my life.He is good at study and handsome.Everyone knows that he is a genius (天才) of my university.He is kindhearted and is always ready to help others.But he doesnt like others to praise him, because he thinks what he did is common.There is an old saying: A friend in need is a friend indeed.Wang

41、 Tao sets a good example in many parts of my life.I remembered that my mathematics was mediocre at that time, but he was excellent in solving mathematics questions.He often received high scores.Of course, I wished I could reach his level.When we talked all day long, he was patient and polite to answer my mathematics questions.Sl