廣東省2021中考英語第一部分語法精講精練十二簡單句課件

1、第十二節(jié) 簡單句第一部分 語法精講精練目錄contents考點突破考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 課堂小測中考模擬演練考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四中考導(dǎo)航目錄contents考點廣東省卷近五年中考統(tǒng)計高頻考點201220132014201520161.感嘆句2. how引出的特殊疑問句3.祈使句4. There be句型目錄contents考情分析：從近五年考查情況來看，句子種類是考查的重點，主要考查祈使句、感嘆句、there be句型及由how引出的特殊疑問詞組的辨析，每年至少考查1道題目。為了高效復(fù)習(xí)，在這里我們重點講解祈使句、感嘆句、there be句型及特殊疑問詞的辨析。2017年備

2、考時要能正確判斷感嘆句的引導(dǎo)詞是What還是How，能正確選用由how引出的特殊疑問詞組，以及祈使句的否定形式。目錄contents考點預(yù)測:1.what引導(dǎo)的中心詞為不可數(shù)名詞的感嘆句； 2.以Be開頭的祈使句，或者否定祈使句。考點突破考點一 感嘆句 考點二 how引出的特殊疑問詞組考點三 There be句型目錄contents考點1 感嘆句Listen attentively考點1 感嘆句()感嘆句表示說話人的喜悅、氣憤、驚訝等強(qiáng)烈的情緒。感嘆句一般是由what或how開頭。what用來強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞，how則強(qiáng)調(diào)形容詞、副詞或動詞。1.感嘆句的基本句型(1)What(+a/an)+形容詞+名

3、詞+主語+謂語！What a clever boy he is!他是個多么聰明的男孩??！ What cold weather it is!多冷的天氣?。hat beautiful flowers they are!(它們是)多么漂亮的花??！ What good news it is!多么好的消息啊！考點1 感嘆句Listen attentively在感嘆句中，what a/an常用來修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，若該名詞前面的形容詞為元音音素開頭，則用what an。what是用來修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。但有些不可數(shù)名詞（rain,surprise,breakfast,lunch等）前面有形容詞修

4、飾，從而使抽象名詞具體化時，則要用what a/an?？键c1 感嘆句Listen attentively (2)How+形容詞副詞+主語+謂語！How kind you are!你心腸真好！ How fast they are working!他們干得真快?。ow還可以修飾動詞構(gòu)成感嘆句，但動詞不提前。如：How well she dances!她跳得多好呀！（how 修飾動詞）考點1 感嘆句Listen attentively2.選用What和How的高效方法判斷感嘆句的引導(dǎo)詞是What還是How。先把主謂+其他部分去掉，看最后一個詞是名詞用what，是形容詞或副詞用how。若沒有主謂則看

5、句末一詞而定。句末一詞是名詞用what，是形容詞或副詞用how。 What a smart man he is! (主謂是he is，把它們?nèi)サ簦詈笠辉~是man，名詞，故用What) How excellent he is!(主謂是he is，把它們?nèi)サ?，最后一詞是excellent，形容詞，故用How) What exciting news! (本句沒有主謂，最后一詞是news，名詞，故用What)（ ）1.(2016廣東)It is reported that cancer can be controlled at a temperature lower than 110 below z

6、ero.Really?_ nice surprise! A.How B.What C.What a D.What an（）5._ waste of time it is to spend too much time on computer games!A.How a B.What a C.What D.How C母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測B考點1 感嘆句Listen attentively（ ）2.(2015廣東)So far, Su Bingtian is the only Chinese who finished the 100-meter race in less than 10 seconds.

7、 _ he runs! A.How slow B.How fast C.What a slow D.What a fast （）6._ weather it is! We can go boating on the Dongchang Lake.A.How bad B.How good C.What good D.What badB母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測C考點1 感嘆句Listen attentively（ ）3.(2014廣東) Do you know Wang Feng? He can remember 100 groups of numbers in five minutes.Yes._man

8、 he is!A.What a smartB.How smartC.What a stupidD.How stupid（）7._ beautiful flowers they are! Lets go to take some photos.A.What B.What aC.What an D.HowA母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測A考點1 感嘆句Listen attentively（ ）4.(2013廣東)Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature last year._ excellent he is!A.How B.WhatC.What a D.What an（

9、）8._exciting news! Weve never had such a long vacation before.A.What B.What aC.What an D.HowA母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測A考點1 感嘆句Listen attentively考點2 how引出的特殊疑問詞組Listen attentively考點2 how引出的特殊疑問詞組()特殊疑問句是用疑問詞引導(dǎo)的疑問句。它不用yes或no來回答，而應(yīng)該根據(jù)實際情況用較為完整的句子作答。常用的特殊疑問詞有:who，whom，whose，which，what，when，where，why，how以及how引出的詞組how man

10、y，how long，how often，how soon,how far等。在這里重點講講how引出的詞組的辨析。辨析：how引出的疑問詞組(1)how often 意為“多久一次”，提問頻率。表示頻率的副詞有always(總是), usually(通常), often(常常), sometimes/at times(有時), 考點2 how引出的特殊疑問詞組Listen attentivelyseldom(很少、不常), hardly(幾乎不), never(決不、從來不)等；短語有once a day/week/month/year.(每天、周、月或年一次)；twice a day/we

11、ek/month/year.(每天、周、月或年兩次)；three times a day(每天三次)；與every開頭的短語也表示頻率，例如every day/week/month/year.(每天、周、月或年)；every five minutes(每五分鐘)，every two hours(每兩小時)等。考點2 how引出的特殊疑問詞組Listen attentively(2)how far 意為“多遠(yuǎn)”，提問兩地之間的距離。表示兩地間距離的短語常見的有five kilometers(五千米), a few miles(數(shù)英里), ten minutes walk(十分鐘的步行路程), t

12、hree hours ride(三小時的車程)等。 (3)how long 有兩種用法 how long意為“多長時間、多久”，提問一段時間，這是其主要用法。 考點2 how引出的特殊疑問詞組Listen attentively表示一段時間的短語有：“for+一段時間” 意為“長達(dá)”，如for four days(長達(dá)四天)；“since+時間點或時間狀語從句” 意為“自從以來”，如since 1968/yesterday/two days ago(自從1968年/昨天/兩天前以來)等how long意為“多長”，提問事物的長度。使用時要注意與how far的區(qū)別。how far強(qiáng)調(diào)某兩個地點

13、之間的距離，在疑問句中一般會出現(xiàn)兩個地點。how long提問單個事物本身的長短，與距離無關(guān)。如：考點2 how引出的特殊疑問詞組Listen attentivelyHow long is the Great Wall? 長城有多遠(yuǎn)？ Around 6,700 kilometers long.約6,700千米長。 How long is the sofa? 沙發(fā)有多長？ Its two meters long.兩米長。(4)how soon 意為“多久以后”，對“in+一段時間”提問，意為“之后(內(nèi))”，表示從現(xiàn)在到將來動作發(fā)生時為止的一段時間，常與一般將來時態(tài)連用。 如in some wee

14、ks(數(shù)周后)。(5)how much 有兩種用法“多少錢”，對價格或價錢提問，相當(dāng)于“Whats the price of sth.？” 意為“某物多少錢？”?？键c2 how引出的特殊疑問詞組Listen attentivelyHow much is the bike? =Whats the price of the bike? 自行車的價格是多少？ 50.五十美元。 “多少”，對不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問，有時how much接的不可數(shù)名詞可省略。 How much bread would you like? 你要多少面包？ Five kilos of brea D.五公斤。 “多少”，對復(fù)數(shù)名

15、詞的數(shù)量提問，有時how (6)how many many接的復(fù)數(shù)名詞可省略。 How many watches do you want? 你要幾塊手表？ Two watches.兩塊。 （ ）1.(2013廣東)_is it from the village to your farm?About 10 minutes walk.A.How often B.How soonC.How long D.How far（）3. _do you visit your grandparents？ Twice a month.A.How often B.How longC.How soon D.How f

16、arD母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測A考點2 how引出的特殊疑問詞組Listen attentively（ ）2.(2010廣東)_will you come back? In an hour.A.How soon B.How oftenC.How far D.How long（）4.Kate, do you know _ it is from here to the gym? About twenty minutes walk.A.how long B.how farC.how soon D.how oftenA母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測B考點2 how引出的特殊疑問詞組Listen attentively考點3

17、 祈使句Listen attentively考點3 祈使句()用于表達(dá)命令、請求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子叫作祈使句。祈使句最常用于表達(dá)命令，朗讀時用降調(diào)。祈使句因?qū)ο?即主語)是第二人稱，所以通常都省略。1.肯定結(jié)構(gòu)（1）Do型，即:動詞原形(+賓語)+其他成分。如:Please have a seat here.請這邊坐。有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下,動詞可省略。如:This way, please.= Go this way, please.請這邊走?？键c3 祈使句Listen attentively（2）Be型，即:Be + 表語(名詞或形容詞)+其他成分。如:Be a good bo

18、y! 要做一個好孩子!（3）Let型，即:Let + 賓語 + 動詞原形 + 其他成分。如:Let me help you.讓我來幫你。2.否定結(jié)構(gòu)（1）Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加dont構(gòu)成。如:Dont forget me! 不要忘記我! Dont be late for school! 上學(xué)不要遲到! （2）Let型的否定式有兩種:“Dont + let + 賓語 + 動詞原形 + 其他成分”和“Let + 賓語 + not + 動詞原形 + 其他成分”。如:考點3 祈使句Listen attentivelyDont let him go./ Let him not go.別讓他

19、走。（3）有些可用no開頭,用來表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸煙! No fishing! 禁止釣魚!考點3 祈使句Listen attentively巧學(xué)妙記祈使句無主語, 主語you常省去;動詞原形謂語當(dāng), 句首加dont否定變;朗讀應(yīng)當(dāng)用降調(diào), 句末常標(biāo)感嘆號。 （ ）1.(2016年廣東)Tommy, _ play basketball in the street next time.You may get hit by a car.A.do B.dont C.must D.mustnt（）2._run in the hallways,Mike.Sorry,Ms

20、.Clark.A.Dont B.Please C.No D.NotB母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測A考點3 祈使句Listen attentively考點4 There be句型Listen attentively考點4 There be句型()1.構(gòu)成There be句型表示“某處有(存在)某人或某物”，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：There be (is，are，was,were)+名詞+地點狀語。2.各種句式(1)否定句：There be句型的否定句式的構(gòu)成和含有be動詞的其他句型一樣，在be動詞后加上“not”。也可用“no”來表示，即：no + n.(名詞)= not a/an/any + n.(名詞)?？键c4 T

21、here be句型Listen attentively注意：no + n.(可數(shù)名詞單數(shù))= not a/an + n.(可數(shù)名詞單數(shù));no + n.(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))= not any + n.(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù));no + n.(不可數(shù)名詞)= not any + n.(不可數(shù)名詞)。如：There is an orange in her bag.There isnt an orange in her bag.There is no orange in her bag.There are some oranges in her bag.考點4 There be句型Listen attentiv

22、elyThere arent any oranges in her bag.There are no oranges in her bag.There is some juice in the bottle.There isnt any juice in the bottle.There is no juice in the bottle. (2)一般疑問句：There be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問句變化只需把be動詞移到句首，再在句尾加上問號即可。如：There is some money in her handbag.考點4 There be句型Listen attentivelyIs there

23、any money in her handbag? (疑問句和否定句中，some改為any, something改為anything。) There is something new in todays newspaper.There isnt anything new in todays newspaper.Is there anything new in todays newspaper?考點4 There be句型Listen attentively3.注意事項(1)There be句型中be動詞的形式要和其后的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。如果句子的主語是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，或是不可數(shù)名詞，be

24、動詞用“is”或“was”。如：There is a basketball in the box.盒子里有一個籃球。There is a little milk in the glass.玻璃杯里有一點兒牛奶?？键c4 There be句型Listen attentively如果句子的主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，be動詞就用“are”或“were”。如：There are many birds in the tree.樹上有許多鳥兒。There were many people in the street yesterday.昨天街上有許多人。如果有兩個或兩個以上的名詞作主語，be動詞要和最靠近它的那個主語

25、在數(shù)上保持一致，也就是我們常說的 “就近原則”。如：考點4 There be句型Listen attentivelyThere is an orange and some bananas in the basket.籃子里有一個橘子和一些香蕉。There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.籃子里有一些香蕉和一個橘子。 (2)There與be動詞中間可插入一些表推測的情態(tài)動詞、表時態(tài)的短語和一些動詞短語 (如和將來時be going to/will、現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has + pp.、used to結(jié)構(gòu)等連用，注意其構(gòu)成形式,這一內(nèi)容

26、在我們?nèi)粘＞毩?xí)中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)錯誤,是一難點,也是歷年中考試題中的一個考點)?？键c4 There be句型Listen attentively如：There must be a pen in the box.盒子里肯定有一支鋼筆。There happened to be some money in my pocket.碰巧我的口袋里有一些錢。There is going to be a meeting tonight.今晚將有一個會議。There used to be a church across from the bank.銀行對面曾有一家教堂?？键c4 There be句型Listen atte

27、ntively(3)There be句型和have/has的區(qū)別There be句型表示 “存在有”, have/has表示 “擁有” “所有”,兩者不能同時使用。如：There are three books on the desk.桌子上有三本書。 I have three books.我有三本書。(4)There be + 主語 + doing +介詞短語。如：There is a truck collecting rubbish outside.外面有一輛收集垃圾的卡車。（ ）1.(2015年廣東)_ there any living things on other planets?I

28、 have no ideas.Maybe we can know more about that in the future.A.Is B.Are C.Has D.Have（）3._ any milk in the fridge?No.Youd better buy some.A.Is there B.Are thereC.Has D.HaveB母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測A考點4 There be句型Listen attentively（ ）2.(2011年廣東)David, there _ a dictionary and some books on your desk.Please put them

29、 away.OK, Mum.Ill do it right away.A.is B.are C.has D.have（）4. There _ some flowers on the teachers desk just now, but now there _nothing on it.A.have; has B.were; wasC.were; is D.has; hasA母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測C考點4 There be句型Listen attentively課堂小測目錄contents考點一 感嘆句 考點二 how引出的特殊疑問詞組考點三 There be句型目錄contents( ) 1.(導(dǎo)

30、學(xué)號 44372642)(2016江蘇連云港)_ heavy the rainstorm is! Yes, the town has experienced the most serious flood during the past ten years.A.How B.What C.How a D.What a( ) 2.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372643)(2016重慶)Tu Youyou has won the Nobel Prize._ great she is! We Chinese are so proud of her.A.What a B.What C.How a D.HowAD目錄c

31、ontents( ) 3.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372644)(2016貴州黔東南)Its said that Lin Shuhao, a famous NBA basketball star, will come to our school next week.Wow! _! Well give him a warm welcome then.A.What an excited news B.How exciting the news isC.What an exciting news D.How excited the news isB目錄contents( ) 4.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372645)(

32、2016湖北黃石)Look! The model is walking to us._ nice dress! A.What B.What a C.How D.How a( ) 5.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372646)(2016湖北宜昌)The firemen did all their best to put out the fire._ excellent firemen!A.What B.What an C.How an D.HowBA目錄contents( ) 6.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372647)(2016湖北襄陽)_ are the students in your class?Most of

33、them are only fourteen.A.How long B.How old C.How many D.How often( ) 7.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372648)(2016廣東梅州)_ will you come back from Guangzhou,Mr.Clark?In two weeks.A.How soon B.How far C.How long D.How oftenBA目錄contents( ) 8.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372649)(2016山東濟(jì)寧)_ can you read in English? About 100 words a minute.A.How far

34、 B.How much C.How fast D.How many( ) 9.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372650)(2016北京)_ are these bananas? $3.99.A.How much B.How long C.How heavy D.How bigCA目錄contents( ) 10.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372651)(2016江蘇無錫)_ do your parents take exercise, William?Less than three times a week.A.How long B.How much C.How soon D.How often( ) 11.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號

35、44372652)(2016湖北黃石)_ to smile at your life when you are in trouble, and you will soon be happy again.A.Try B.To try C.Trying D.TriedDA目錄contents( ) 12.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372653)(2016山東泰安)As we all know, life is short but amazing._ it!A.Enjoy B.To enjoy C.Enjoying D.Enjoyed( ) 13.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372654)(2016重慶)Jack, dont

36、 always copy what others do._ your head, please.Thanks for telling me.A.Using B.Used C.Uses D.UseAD目錄contents( ) 14.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372655)(2016貴州六盤水)_ late for the meeting.Its impolite.A.No B.Not C.Dont D.Dont be( ) 15.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372656)(2016吉林長春) _ me an e-mail before you come to Hangzhou.Ill meet you at the a

37、irport.A.Sending B.To send C.Sends D.SendDD目錄contents( ) 16.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372657)(2016湖北武漢)Whats the matter, Jenny?_something wrong with my bike.A.It is B. There is C.I have D.It has( ) 17.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372658)(2016湖北宜昌)Excuse me.Is there a bus to the Olympic Center?_.You can take the No.111 bus.A.Yes, it is B. Y

38、es, there is C.Im not sure D.Sorry, I have no ideaBB目錄contents( ) 18.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372659)(2016貴州六盤水)There _ a football game in our city next week.A.will have B.will be C.is going to have D.are going to be( ) 19.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372660)(2016貴州畢節(jié))_ there any rice in the bag?A.Has B.Is C.Are D.HaveBB目錄contents( ) 20.(

39、導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372661)(2016貴州黔東南)There _ a sport meet next week if it _.A.is going to have; doesnt rain B.is going to be; doesnt rainC.is going to be; wont rain D.is going to have; wont rainB中考模擬演練目錄contents目錄contents( ) 1.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372662)The passenger ship Eastern Star capsized(傾覆) in the Yangtze River on the

40、 evening of June 1st._ bad news! Can we do something to help with the rescue(救援)?A.What a B.What C.How a D.How( ) 2.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372663) _ interesting the book is ! I want to buy one, too.A.How B.What C.How an D.What anBA目錄contents( ) 3.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372664)_ exciting the movie is! Sure, I have seen it three tim

41、es.A.What B.What anC.How D.How an( ) 4.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372665) _ excellent news reporter he is! All of us are proud of him.A.What B.What anC.How D.What aCB目錄contents( ) 5.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372666) _ important it is for kids to imagine freely!A.What B.What a C.What an D.How( ) 6.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372667) _useful robot! It can help

42、 with the housework like a human servant.A.How B.What an C.How a D.What aDD目錄contents( ) 7.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372668)Listen! Someone is playing the piano.Wow! _ beautiful music! I like it very much.A.What B.How a C.What a D.How( ) 8.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372669)_ interesting TV program Running Man is! I watch it every week.A.

43、How B.What C.What a D.What anAD目錄contents( ) 9.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372670)Wow! _ beautiful the music is! Yes. Thats my favorite.A.What B.What a C.What an D.How ( ) 10.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372671)The six students from Lianyungang got the first prize in the Chinese Characters Dictation Competition in Jiangsu._ exciting news it

44、is!A.What B.How C.What an D.How anDA目錄contents( ) 11.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372672)_ delicious these beef noodles are!A.What B.How C.What a D.How a( ) 12.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372673)_ great picture! Who painted it?A.How B.What C.How a D.What a( ) 13.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372674)_lovely the squirrel is!A.What a B.How C.What D.How aBDB目錄contents

45、( ) 14.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372675)_ necessary thing it is to join the “Clean Your Plate” Campaign(光盤行動)!A.What B.What a C.How D.How a( ) 15.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372676)Look at the cloud! It looks like a rabbit!Wow._ beautiful!A.What B.What a C.How D.How aBC目錄contents( ) 16.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372677)Bob, _ is it from your home to school?I

46、ts about ten minutes walk.A.how long B.how far C.how often D.how soon( ) 17.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372678)_ pocket money do you usually get every month?Fifty yuan. What about you?A.How often B.How long C.How many D.How muchBD目錄contents( ) 18.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372679)Mr. Smith, _ is the new bridge?Oh, let me see! Its about 800

47、 metres.A.how old B.how long C.how much D.how often( ) 19.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372680)Can you tell me _ your online shopping will arrive?In three days, I think.A.how long B.how soon C.how far D.how muchBB目錄contents( ) 20.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372681)_ do I need to feed the pet dog? Twice a day.A.How long B.How much C.How soon D

48、.How often( ) 21.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372682) _ people travel every year? Perhaps when we are talking about it,more than 100 planes have taken off around the world.A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How oftenDA目錄contents( ) 22.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372683)_ do you go to the supermarket, Amy? Once a week.A.How many B.How much C.How far D.How often( ) 23.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372684)_ will the fog and haze last? Ive no idea.There is no sign of an end.A.How soon B.How far C.How long D.How oftenDC目錄contents( ) 24.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372685)_ have you been in Chongqing? Fo