科技英文翻譯

1、科技英文翻譯和寫作簡(jiǎn)介1）物稱表達(dá)法 It can be concluded that the experiment was a failure. 2）大量使用名詞化結(jié)構(gòu)；3）廣泛使用被動(dòng)句；a.The directional motion of vehicle is controlled by a steering system. b.Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the electric machine. c.When ignited, the exothermic reaction reaches the wel

2、ding temperature within a few seconds. d. Cylinder sleeves are used in engine blocks to provide a hard wearing material for pistons and piston rings. 1.語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)4）后置定語(yǔ)很常見； The connecting rod, in essence, is a bar or strut with a bearing at each end, whose purpose is to transmit the piston thrust to the

3、 crankshaft.5）名詞連用a. computer programming teaching device manual 6）使用復(fù)合句與縮略詞；7）經(jīng)常使用長(zhǎng)難句； An automobile body is a sheet metal shell with windows, doors, a hood, and a trunk deck built into it. It is quite plausible that it is because of this attitude that the United States continues to lag behind Japa

4、n in improving manufacturing productivity. 8）用圖標(biāo)和公式等非語(yǔ)言因素表達(dá)思想。9）有時(shí)采用日常用語(yǔ)。 A paradox of manufacturing parts is that the faster the parts are made, the less accurate they are-and vice versa. （1）熟讀原文，了解大意；（2）辯明語(yǔ)法關(guān)系，搞清邏輯關(guān)系；2.科技英漢翻譯步驟 a.The fuel system takes a correctly proportioned mixture of gasoline a

5、nd air to burn and develops the power needed to push the piston down the cylinder. To store, mix, and deliver this air-fuel mixture is the duty of the fuel system.b.Front axle is used for steering front wheels carried on stub axle swiveling upon king pins at the axle extremities. （3）確定多義詞的詞義；a.Gasol

6、ine powers the majority of vehicles, but diesel fuel is used in some vehicles. b.Various speeds may be obtained by the use of large and small pulleys.c.Press the INV key and you can raise the constant e (2.7182818) to x powers. （4）選擇合適的翻譯技巧遣詞造句，重述原文內(nèi)容；a. Internet is of great help to our work. b.Mank

7、ind has always reverenced what Tennyson call “the useful trouble of the rain”. d. We have progressed a long way from the early days of aerial surveys.e. In spite of the growth of other kinds of transport, rail roads continue to be, as they used to be over years, the backdbone of the transportation i

8、ndustry.f. The maps are symbolic of thousands of data points stored in control unit memory. c.In fact, it may be said that anything that is not an animal or vegetable is mineral.（5)通讀譯文、修改、定稿。g. As soon as the piston reaches the top of the exhaust stroke, it starts down on another intake, compressio

9、n, power, and exhaust cycle. h. In the electronic injection system, the air-fuel mixture is controlled in one of two ways. 3.科技英語(yǔ)論文寫作1）英語(yǔ)寫作一般知識(shí)簡(jiǎn)介 2）寫作的基本理論和技巧 標(biāo)題（Title 或Topic） 作者的姓名（Authors Name） 論文作者的工作單位（Institution）論文摘要（Abstract 或Summary） 論文的內(nèi)容目錄（Contents）論文內(nèi)容本身（Text） 引言（Introduction） 正文 結(jié)論或結(jié)束語(yǔ)（C

10、onclusion(s)）及建議等 附錄（Appendix） 致謝（Acknowledgement(s)） 作者簡(jiǎn)介（Biography） 4. 科技英語(yǔ)論文的組成部分b.Somebody (1990) gave a theoretical overview of , but c.However, these studies were limited to 近期進(jìn)展情況分析：d.The method worked well at e.The models of has recently received considerable attention.f.In the last decade,

11、several approaches of were independently proposed. g.The study of was in vogue for several years until 對(duì)他人研究成果、觀點(diǎn)的評(píng)估：a.By the late 1980s, researchers has started scientific work on What are the chances of a nuclear war in the near future? How many Americans would survive a nuclear attack? Would such

12、 an attack make living conditions impossible for the survivors? These and similar questions are being asked by citizens groups throughout this country as they debate the issue of arms control and nuclear disarmament. These two new windmill designs will, of course, have an even more important impact

13、on the energy industry in the future. Although these two designs may never be used on a large scale, their impact may be felt through influencing the design of even more efficient models in the years ahead. Grateful acknowledgement is made to A special gratitude is expressed to Thanks must be given

14、to Funding for this work was provided by the Ministry of Energy and Resources. The work was supported by National Science Foundation of China Id like to acknowledge Computer Imitation System for Investigation of the Feasibilities of Primary Study on Mathematical Model of Study on Torsional Vibration

15、 Analysis of ICE Crankshaft. Development of Automobile Electronics and Domestic Application. A Simulation Optimization Method for Automotive Cooling System Microprocessors in Transport Current Status and Developing Trends of 使用名詞短語(yǔ)或非限定動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)作為論文的標(biāo)題 摘要的特點(diǎn)：篇幅短小語(yǔ)言精煉 用詞規(guī)范 概括完整 內(nèi)容具體 獨(dú)立成文 文摘包括：研究目的、研究對(duì)象、研究方

16、法、研究結(jié)果、所得結(jié)論、結(jié)論的使用范圍等。 This paper presents/discusses/studies/deals with/investigates This paper presents an analysis of principles of magnetic refrigeration with application to air conditioning. A comparison with conventional evaporation-condensation gas cycle device is presented. Conclusions concern

17、ing the applicability of magnetic refrigeration to air conditioning are made. The smart and light, numerical designing and machining, automation in performance test etc. represents the development orientation for automobile starters. In this paper, principle is introduced for the starter with gear s

18、peed reducer which leads the majority in starter products nowadays. The state of the art in research and development for automobile starters by computer-aided engineering technology is overviewed. New research topics are brought forth at last from our enterprises realities.5英文摘要的寫作 1）英文摘要的種類與特點(diǎn) 隨同論文

19、一起在學(xué)術(shù)刊物上發(fā)表的摘要； 學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文摘要； 學(xué)位論文摘要； 脫離原文而獨(dú)立發(fā)表的摘要。 TitleAuthor(s), addressObjectives,purpose,hypotheses .Methods,materials,procedures .Results,data,observations,discussion .Conclusions .2）英文摘要的組成部分a.This paper is performed to study the free-vibration characteristics of engine crankshaft. b.Most alternat

20、ive fuels for internal combustion engines have low cetane numbers. (2)方法(methods and materials)Two digital strain gauge pressure transducers measured the vapor pressure of the upstream and downstream of the test tube.This experiment was performed by testing the vibration of automobile body/suspensio

21、n (1)目的(objectives，purposes)These results appear to refute the original assumptions. (4)結(jié)論(conclusions) It was concluded that/ It can be concluded that/ It is determined that It can be concluded that the new diagnosis method is feasible through theory analysis and experiments on 12V180 type diesel e

22、ngine. (3)結(jié)果與簡(jiǎn)短討論(results and discussions)TitleAuthor(s), addressBackground, problems that need to be solved, rationale for the present study . .Objectives and scope of this study . . .Outline of the main contents and results .Conclusions:.（1）采用正規(guī)的英語(yǔ)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的術(shù)語(yǔ)； （2）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞很簡(jiǎn)單而句子的其余成分卻十分復(fù)雜；（3）大量使用be和have的變化形

23、式做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；（4）使用不提及人的陳述句。（5）描述自己的工作時(shí)態(tài)用過去時(shí)或完成時(shí)，但陳述理論或事實(shí)要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 3）英文摘要的寫作特點(diǎn)4）撰寫摘要的要點(diǎn)（1）英文文摘題目（Title）的第一個(gè)單詞不得用The、An或A，摘要的第一句不可與題目重復(fù)；（2）取消或減少背景信息;（3）盡量簡(jiǎn)化措辭;（4）可用動(dòng)詞的場(chǎng)合，盡量避免使用動(dòng)詞的名詞形式；（5）注意冠詞用法; （6）避免使用長(zhǎng)系列形容詞或名詞來修飾名詞;（7）用重要的事實(shí)開頭，盡量避免用輔助從句開頭。Power consumption of telephone switching system was determined from da

24、ta obtained experimentally.concernstestsinvestigatesreportsdiscussesdescribesexplainsanalyzesdeterminesdemonstrateconsidersThis paperThis studyThis projectThis researchOur projectThis survey5）摘要中的常用句型 （1）描述目的 b.This paper researched on the more injections effect on engine performance and emission ex

25、perimentally and theoretically. c.This paper studied the application of wavelet transform in signal denoise.a.This paper discusses the basic identification techniques of dynamic systems.The objective of this paper is to analyze the performance of active and passive suspensions. The goal of this stud

26、y is to discuss The aim of this paper is to evaluate The purpose of this project is to examine The objective of this research is to test this survey investigate /measure/ demonstrate / analyze /determine a. This study aims to discuss the influence of the parameters of suspension system on the smooth

27、ness and operating stability of the whole car. This research is designed to determine This study is designed to measure This project is designed to evaluate Our project aims to calculate Multiple faults of injector were simulated on the experimental table, and acoustic signals that sent out by worki

28、ng diesel were collected over the cylinder head. Using wavelet and neural network technology, this paper analyzed the acoustic signals in detail and diagnosed the different faults successfully. The experimental system was composed of four parts, i.e. indirectly electrical heated furnace, pyrolysis r

29、eactor,online sample collected analyzer, and gas condenser & collector. （2）描述方法 Results indicated We found that The results showed that Data suggested that It is shown that It can be concluded that The examination/investigations proves that This paper then concludes that From the table it can be see

30、n/concluded that From the figures it may be estimated/calculated/inferred that It follows from what has been said that （3）描述結(jié)果The measuring instruments were defective; accordingly/hence/consequently the experiment was a failure. The results show that the error of estimated value of both throttle pos

31、ition sensor and manifold pressure sensor are less than 10%, and the strategy put forward in this paper is valid. Exercises1.Read and analyze the following abstract and point out the objective, methods, results and discussion. A Hybrid Internal Combustion Engine/Battery Electric Passenger Car for Petroleum Displacement I. Forster and J. R