ORACLE數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)過(guò)程祥解

1、.：.；ORACLE數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)過(guò)程祥解及錯(cuò)誤排除本文目的在ORACLE數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理中，啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)遇到問(wèn)題較多。而且多數(shù)ORACLE的運(yùn)用者在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)過(guò)程中遇到錯(cuò)誤提示，無(wú)從下手運(yùn)用了錯(cuò)誤的方法修正數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的相關(guān)文件，而從呵斥了不用要的數(shù)據(jù)損失。經(jīng)過(guò)本文使讀者對(duì)ORACLE數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的啟動(dòng)過(guò)程有一個(gè)較為詳細(xì)的了解，遇到啟動(dòng)過(guò)程的錯(cuò)誤不至于手忙腳亂呵斥更大的損失。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)方法UNIX平臺(tái)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)方法運(yùn)用oracle用戶登錄效力器$sqlplus / as sysdba運(yùn)用sys用戶登錄數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)Sql系統(tǒng)提示銜接到一個(gè)沒(méi)有啟動(dòng)的實(shí)例Sqlstartup正常啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)WINDOWS平臺(tái)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)方法運(yùn)用手

2、工方式啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。翻開DOS窗口C:ordim startup sid ora9i其中ora9i為實(shí)例的稱號(hào)在WINDOWS平臺(tái)啟動(dòng)ORACLE時(shí)經(jīng)常遇到如下錯(cuò)誤：C:sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期五 7月 28 22:09:45 2006Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.ERROR:ORA-12560: TNS: 協(xié)議適配器錯(cuò)誤請(qǐng)輸入用戶名:以上錯(cuò)誤是由于，沒(méi)有啟動(dòng)ORACLE數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)在WINDOW

3、S平臺(tái)中的效力。正確啟動(dòng)過(guò)程如下：C:oradim -startup -sid ora9iC:lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for 32-bit Windows: Version 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on 28-7月 -2006 22:24:16Copyright (c) 1991, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.啟動(dòng)tnslsnr：請(qǐng)稍候.TNSLSNR for 32-bit Windows: Version 9.2.0.1.0 - Production系統(tǒng)參數(shù)文件為c:oracleora92

4、networkadminlistener.ora寫入c:oracleora92networkloglistener.log的日志信息監(jiān)聽：(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(PIPENAME=.pipeEXTPROC0ipc)監(jiān)聽：(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=dba)(PORT=1521)正在銜接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC0)LISTENER 的 STATUS-別名 LISTENER版本 TNSLSNR for 32-bit W

5、indows: Version 9.2.0.1.0 - Production啟動(dòng)日期 28-7月 -2006 22:24:16正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間 0 天 0 小時(shí) 0 分 4 秒跟蹤級(jí)別 off平安性 OFFSNMP OFF監(jiān)聽器參數(shù)文件 c:oracleora92networkadminlistener.ora監(jiān)聽器日志文件 c:oracleora92networkloglistener.log監(jiān)聽端點(diǎn)概要. (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(PIPENAME=.pipeEXTPROC0ipc) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL

6、=tcp)(HOST=dba)(PORT=1521)效力摘要.效力 PLSExtProc 包含 1 個(gè)例程。 例程 PLSExtProc, 形狀 UNKNOWN, 包含此效力的 1 個(gè)處置程序.效力 oracle 包含 1 個(gè)例程。 例程 ora9i, 形狀 UNKNOWN, 包含此效力的 1 個(gè)處置程序.命令執(zhí)行勝利C:sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期五 7月 28 22:24:47 2006Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All ri

7、ghts reserved.銜接到:Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.1.0 - ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining optionsJServer Release 9.2.0.1.0 - ProductionSQL select status from v$instance;STATUS-OPEN運(yùn)用WINDOWS系統(tǒng)提供的效力的功能啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。在WIDDOWS效力中選中ora9i的效力，選擇啟動(dòng)。啟動(dòng)畫面如下：當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)正常后?？梢赃\(yùn)用sqlplus命令銜

8、接到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中。WINDOWS平臺(tái)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的監(jiān)聽器的啟動(dòng)，可以使運(yùn)用lsnrctl start命令直接進(jìn)展啟動(dòng)。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)閱歷過(guò)程本章節(jié)主要以O(shè)RACLE數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)在UNIX平臺(tái)啟動(dòng)過(guò)程，作為主要引見(jiàn)對(duì)象。1、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)的四個(gè)階段數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)處于SHUTDOWN形狀在此種形狀，數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)處于靜止形狀。不能接受外界數(shù)據(jù)懇求。運(yùn)用操作系統(tǒng)命令ps ef|grep oracle開不到任何數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)程的存在。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)處于NOMOUNT形狀在此種形狀，數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)后臺(tái)進(jìn)程曾經(jīng)建立。并根據(jù)參數(shù)文件中關(guān)于SGA的相關(guān)參數(shù)，建立共享內(nèi)存區(qū)和缺省的oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)程。并同時(shí)檢查相關(guān)初始化參數(shù)的正確性。運(yùn)用操作系統(tǒng)命令可以考到相應(yīng)的進(jìn)程

9、。ps ef|grep ora_ 并且運(yùn)用ipcs m命令可以看到以oracle用戶建立起來(lái)的共享內(nèi)存區(qū)。$ ps -ef|grep ora_ oracle9 12805 1 0 08:36:12 ? 0:00 ora_smon_CRDS oracle9 12797 1 0 08:36:12 ? 0:00 ora_pmon_CRDSoracle9 12799 1 0 08:36:12 ? 0:00 ora_dbw0_CRDSoracle9 12809 1 0 08:36:13 ? 0:00 ora_s000_CRDSoracle9 12807 1 0 08:36:13 ? 0:00 ora_r

10、eco_CRDSoracle9 12801 1 0 08:36:12 ? 0:00 ora_lgwr_CRDSoracle9 12811 1 0 08:36:14 ? 0:00 ora_d000_CRDSoracle9 12803 1 0 08:36:12 ? 0:00 ora_ckpt_CRDSoracle9 12830 12743 1 08:38:16 pts/tf 0:00 grep ora_$ ipcs -mIPC status from /dev/kmem as of Mon Jul 31 08:41:42 2006T ID KEY MODE OWNER GROUPShared Me

11、mory:m 0 0 x41185bf5 -rw-rw-rw- root rootm 1 0 x4e0c0002 -rw-rw-rw- root rootm 2 0 x411c0006 -rw-rw-rw- root rootm 3 0 x30180a7f -rw-rw-rw- root rootm 157188 0 x40dca448 -rw-r- oracle9 dbam 2053 0 x0c6629c9 -rw-r- root sysm 2054 0 x06347849 -rw-rw-rw- root sysm 2055 0 xffffffff -rw-r-rw- root sys運(yùn)用s

12、qlplus以sys用戶進(jìn)展登錄，可以看到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的形狀。$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Jul 31 08:35:46 2006Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL startup nomount;ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 1075278944 bytesFi

13、xed Size 738400 bytesVariable Size 855638016 bytesDatabase Buffers 218103808 bytesRedo Buffers 798720 bytesSQL select status from v$instance;STATUS-STARTED數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)處于MOUNT形狀數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)讀取控制文件中的內(nèi)容，并按照控制文件中指定的參數(shù)找到相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)文件，并啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的歸檔或非歸檔形狀。$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Jul 30 09:4

14、5:43 2006Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL startup mount;ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 471298296 bytesFixed Size 737528 bytesVariable Size 335544320 bytesDatabase Buffers 134217728 bytesRedo Buffers 798720 bytesData

15、base mounted.SQL select status from v$instance;STATUS-MOUNTED數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)處于OPEN形狀數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)在此形狀檢查各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)文件的一致性。假設(shè)出現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)文件損壞，要求用戶進(jìn)展恢復(fù)。$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Jul 30 09:47:25 2006Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL startupORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 471298296 bytesFixed Size 737528 bytesVariable Size 335544320 bytesDatabase Buffers 134217728 bytesRedo Buffers 798720 bytesDatabase mounted.Database opened.SQL select status from v$instance;STATUS-OPEN常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題處理此段落向讀者闡明在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)啟動(dòng)過(guò)程中的普通性錯(cuò)誤，并提出一些處