2011年職稱英語等級(jí)考試綜合類B級(jí)真題閱讀文章翻譯2015年職稱英語真題備考

1、2011年職稱英語等級(jí)考試真題（綜合類B級(jí)） HYPERLINK http:/www.study/kecheng/english/zhicheng/ 2015年職稱英語真題備考 HYPERLINK http:/www.study/kecheng/english/zhicheng/ 學(xué)派網(wǎng)職稱英語團(tuán)隊(duì)原創(chuàng)翻譯第2部分：閱讀判斷（第1622題，每題1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷；如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。Travel Across AfricaFor six hours

2、 we shot through the barren（荒蕪的）landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa. Just rocks and sand and baking sun. Knowing our journey was ending, Daniel and I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fo

3、urth, a beautiful leather notebook Id bought in a market in Mozambique.Southern Africa was full of stories. And visions. We were almost drunk on sensations. The roaring（咆哮）of the water at Victoria Falls, the impossible silence of the Okavango Delta in Botswana.And then the other things: dogs in the

4、streets, whole families in Soweto living in one room a kilometre from clean water.As we drove towards the setting sun, a quietness fell over us. The road was emptywe hadnt seen another car for hours. And as I drove, something caught my eye, something moving close enough to touch them, to smell their

5、 hot breath. I didnt know how long they had been there next to us.I shouted to Dan: “Look!” but he was in a deep sleep, his camera lying useless by his feet. They raced the car for a few seconds, then disappeared far behind us, a memory of heroic forms in the red landscape.When Daniel woke up an hou

6、r later I told him what had happened. “Wild horses?” he said. “Why didnt you wake me up, Sophia?” “I tried. But they were gone after a few seconds. ” “Are you sure you didnt dream it?” “You were the one who was sleeping!” “Typical,” he said. “The best photos are the ones we never take.”We checked in

7、to a dusty hotel and slept the sleep of the dead.非洲之旅我們在南非臺(tái)地高原荒蕪的沙漠穿行了六個(gè)小時(shí)。只有石頭，沙子以及烘烤的太陽。知道我們的旅行即將結(jié)束，丹尼爾和我只是想把我們看到的以及做過的事情都記住。他用相機(jī)，我用文字。我已經(jīng)寫了三本筆記，已經(jīng)開始寫第四本，第四本是我在莫桑比克市場買的精美的皮革筆記本。非洲南部充滿了故事以及風(fēng)景。我們幾乎沉醉在各種震撼的感覺中。維多利亞瀑布咆哮的水流，位于博茨瓦納的奧卡萬戈三角洲讓人難以置信的寧靜。然后還有其他的一些：街上的狗，索維托地區(qū)一大家人擠在離干凈水源一千米的屋里。我們開車往太陽下山的位置行駛的時(shí)候

8、，一種寧靜籠罩著我們。路是空的我們連著幾個(gè)小時(shí)一輛車都沒見到。正當(dāng)我開車的時(shí)候，我看到了什么，它們離的很近，幾乎可以摸到，也可以聞到它們熱乎乎的呼吸。我不知道它們這樣跟我們近距離挨著有多久了。我對(duì)丹大喊，“快看！”。但是他睡得很沉，他的相機(jī)在他的腳下，也沒法用。它們和汽車賽跑了幾秒鐘，然后消失在我們身后，給我在這片紅色的土地上留下了英勇身影的記憶。一個(gè)小時(shí)后丹尼爾醒了，我告訴他發(fā)生了什么。 “野馬？”他問道，“索菲，你為什么不叫醒我？” “我叫了，但是它們幾秒鐘就消失了?！?“你確定你不是在做夢？” “是你在睡覺好不好！” “典型的例子”，他說，“最好的照片就是我們沒照到的照片?！蔽覀冏∵M(jìn)了一

9、家滿是灰塵的旅館，睡得很死。第3部分：概括大意和完成句子（第2330題，每題1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測試任務(wù)：（1）第23 26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇1個(gè)小標(biāo)題；（2）第27 30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。Are You a Successful Leader?1Almost nothing we do in this world is done in isolation. At work or at play, you will find yourself in groups, working with other people: you

10、r team at work, a meeting with colleagues, your family, a holiday with friends, a group of students working together, a day out walking in the mountains, a group of neighbors wanting to make changes. It is now recognized that being able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys

11、 to success, partly because we need to do it so often.2In almost every situation where youre in a group, you will need a skilled leader. All groups need leaders and all successful groups have good leaders. Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost always break down. Members of a leaderless

12、group often begin to feel dissatisfied and frustrated. Time is wasted and the tasks are not achieved. There are often arguments and tensions between people as there is nobody to keep the goals clear. Some personalities dominate and others disappear. Often group members begin not to come to meetings

13、in order to avoid more disharmony.3Some people are natural leaders. The celebrity chef, Antonio Carluccio says, “True leaders are born and you can spot them in kitchens.” Theyre people who combine toughness, fairness and humour. Although a lot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders

14、, most people now recognize that leadership can also be taught. Our professional and experienced staff can train almost anyone how to be a successful leader. Good leaders dont make people do things in a bossy, controlling way. You can learn how to involve everyone, encouraging the whole group to wor

15、k towards a common goal.4Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary to be a good leader. Self-confidence is vital for you to overcome your own fears about being a leader. Successful leaders also need to be calm and intelligent. They need to

16、 be able to work out good strategies and make sound judgments under pressure. Lastly, and probably most importantly, good leaders need to be sensitive, sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people. Good leadership is essentially the ability to influence others and good leaders allow al

17、l members of the group to contribute.你是個(gè)成功的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者嗎？這個(gè)世界上幾乎沒有什么東西是單獨(dú)一個(gè)人完成的。不管是在工作還是玩耍，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)都是成群結(jié)隊(duì)的，和其他人一起共事：工作中的團(tuán)隊(duì)，和同事開會(huì)，你的家人，和朋友度假，一組學(xué)生一起學(xué)習(xí)研究，去山上玩一天，一群需要換零錢的鄰居。人們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到能夠和他人成功共事是取得成功的關(guān)鍵要素，部分原因是因?yàn)槲覀兂３Ｐ枰退斯彩?。幾乎每個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)都需要一個(gè)有技巧的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。所有的團(tuán)隊(duì)都需要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，并且每個(gè)成功的團(tuán)隊(duì)都有好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。沒有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)或者是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力不強(qiáng)的團(tuán)隊(duì)幾乎總是失敗。沒有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員經(jīng)常會(huì)覺得不滿意或者是很泄氣。時(shí)間都浪

18、費(fèi)掉了，任務(wù)也沒完成。成員之間經(jīng)常有爭吵和矛盾，因?yàn)闆]人來明確目標(biāo)。有些人員比較處于支配地位，其他成員就消失了。經(jīng)常有些成員開始不參加會(huì)議，為了避免更多的不和諧。有些人天生是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。明星廚師Antonio Carluccio說道，“真正的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者是天生的，你在廚房一眼就能看出來?！焙玫念I(lǐng)導(dǎo)者能將韌性、公平以及幽默感結(jié)合起來。盡管很多人認(rèn)為有很多天生的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，大部分人現(xiàn)在意識(shí)到領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力也能通過學(xué)習(xí)獲得。我們專業(yè)的有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的員工幾乎能夠?qū)⒚總€(gè)人訓(xùn)練成成功的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)不會(huì)專橫控制人們做事情。你可以學(xué)習(xí)如何讓每個(gè)人都參與，鼓勵(lì)整個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)朝著一個(gè)目標(biāo)努力。我們的培訓(xùn)課程用一些活動(dòng)以及技巧發(fā)展人們成為好的領(lǐng)

19、導(dǎo)所需要的潛質(zhì)。自信對(duì)克服你成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生的恐懼很重要。成功的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)也需要你保持冷靜和睿智。你需要能夠在壓力下想出好的對(duì)策并且做出合理判斷。最后，可能也是最重要的，好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)需要很敏感，善于社交并且能夠和各種不同的人群友好相處。好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力本質(zhì)上就是影響他人的能力，好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)允許團(tuán)隊(duì)所有成員做出貢獻(xiàn)。第4部分：閱讀理解（第3145題，每題3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking?Millions of people are using cell phones today. I

20、n many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.The explosions around the world in mobile p

21、hone use make some health professionals worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such i

22、deas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning（掃描）equipment

23、. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldnt remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of y

24、ears. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employers doctor didnt agree.What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is som

25、e radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that its best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can

26、 be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, its wise not to use your mobile phone too often.手機(jī)：掛斷還是繼續(xù)聊？如今數(shù)以百萬的人在使用手機(jī)。在很多地方，如果不用手機(jī)會(huì)被認(rèn)為不正常。在很多國家，手機(jī)在年輕人中很流行。他們認(rèn)為手機(jī)不僅是一種聯(lián)系方式有一個(gè)手機(jī)表明他們很

27、酷，和外界有關(guān)聯(lián)。手機(jī)使用在全世界范圍內(nèi)的爆炸式的增長讓有些健康專家很著急。有些醫(yī)生擔(dān)心未來很多人會(huì)因?yàn)槭褂檬謾C(jī)遭到健康問題。在英國，關(guān)于這個(gè)問題有個(gè)很嚴(yán)肅的辯論。手機(jī)公司擔(dān)心這種思想的宣傳會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。他們認(rèn)為沒有證據(jù)證明使用手機(jī)有害健康。另一方面，為什么一些醫(yī)學(xué)研究表明使用手機(jī)的部分人群的腦細(xì)胞發(fā)生改變。大腦以及頭部組織的變化跡象能通過現(xiàn)代的掃描設(shè)備檢測出來。有個(gè)例子就是一個(gè)旅行推銷員很年輕就因?yàn)閲?yán)重的失憶而退休了。他甚至連一些簡單的任務(wù)都記不住。他經(jīng)常忘記自己兒子的名字。這個(gè)人在幾年時(shí)間內(nèi)，每周的每個(gè)工作日都要使用電話長達(dá)六個(gè)小時(shí)。他的家庭醫(yī)生責(zé)怪他不該過多使用手機(jī)，但是老板的醫(yī)生不這

28、么認(rèn)為。是什么讓手機(jī)存在潛在的危害呢？答案是輻射。高科技機(jī)器能夠檢測到手機(jī)里的極少量輻射。手機(jī)公司承認(rèn)是有輻射，但是他們說輻射量很小，不足以引起擔(dān)心。隨著手機(jī)安全性討論的繼續(xù)，似乎最好的辦法是不那么經(jīng)常使用手機(jī)。需要打長時(shí)間的電話時(shí)，使用你的座機(jī)。僅在你真的需要使用手機(jī)的時(shí)候再用。手機(jī)很有用，也很方便，尤其是在緊急情況下。未來，手機(jī)可能會(huì)有一個(gè)警告標(biāo)志，提醒你手機(jī)有害健康。因此現(xiàn)在明智的做法是不要經(jīng)常使用手機(jī)。第二篇Excessive Demands on Young PeopleBeing able to multitask is hailed by most people as a wel

29、come skill, but not according to a recent study which claims that young people between the ages of eight and eighteen of the so-called Generation M are spending a considerable amount of their time in fruitless efforts as they multitask. It argues that, in fact, these young people are frittering（浪費(fèi)）

30、away as much as half of their time as they would if they performed the very same tasks one after the other.Some young people are using an ever larger number of electronic devices as they study. At the same time they are working, young adults are also surfing on the Internet, or sending out emails to

31、 their friends, and/or answering the telephone and listening to music on their iPods or on another computer. As some new device comes along, it is also added to the list rather than replacing one of the existing devices.Other research has indicated that this multitasking is even affecting the way fa

32、milies themselves function as young people are too wrapped up in（沉湎于）their own isolated worlds to interact with the other people around them. They can no longer greet family members when they enter the house nor can they eat at the family table.All this electronic wizardry（魔力）is supposedly also seri

33、ously affecting young peoples performance at university and in the workplace. When asked about their opinions of the impact of modern gadgets（小裝置）on their performance of tasks, the great majority of young people gave a favorable response.The response from the academic and business worlds was not qui

34、te as positive. The former feel that multitasking with electronic gadgets by children affects later development of study skills, resulting in a decline in the quality of writing, for example, because of the lack of concentration on task completion. They feel that many undergraduates now urgently nee

35、d remedial（補(bǔ)救的）help with study skills. Similarly, employers feel that young people entering the workforce need to be taught all over again, as they have become skilled.While all this may be true, it must be borne in mind that more and more is expected of young people nowadays; in fact, too much. Pra

36、ise rather than criticism is due in respect of the way todays youth are able to cope despite what the older generation throw at them.對(duì)年輕人的過多要求許多人對(duì)能同時(shí)兼顧幾樣工作的本領(lǐng)贊譽(yù)有加。然而最近研究卻發(fā)現(xiàn)，八歲到十八歲，被稱為“多媒體時(shí)代”的年輕人在同時(shí)進(jìn)行多種任務(wù)的過程中常常事倍功半、了無成果。研究認(rèn)為，正像依次完成各個(gè)任務(wù)一樣，這些年輕人仍舊浪費(fèi)了一半時(shí)間。有些年輕人在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)還同時(shí)使用著很多電子產(chǎn)品。在學(xué)習(xí)的同時(shí)，他們還在上網(wǎng)、給朋友發(fā)郵件、打電話、聽

37、MP3或者另一臺(tái)電腦上的歌。隨著新產(chǎn)品的出現(xiàn)，他們的電子設(shè)備的數(shù)量還會(huì)不斷增加。另一項(xiàng)調(diào)查還顯示：封閉的自身孤立世界里的年輕人，他們與周圍人越發(fā)疏于交流。這種“兼顧”甚至影響了正常的家庭生活年輕人到家后不再向家人問好，吃飯時(shí)也不同家人坐在一起。人們認(rèn)為在電子產(chǎn)品中的如魚得水還嚴(yán)重影響了年輕人的在學(xué)業(yè)和工作上的表現(xiàn)。但當(dāng)被問及現(xiàn)代科技產(chǎn)品對(duì)于他們工作表現(xiàn)的影響，絕大多數(shù)都認(rèn)為是都是正面的。然而不論學(xué)校公司都對(duì)此卻沒有好感。前者認(rèn)為同時(shí)使用多種電子設(shè)備會(huì)影響兒童日后學(xué)習(xí)能力的發(fā)展，比如由缺乏集中力去完成任務(wù)而導(dǎo)致的寫作水平下降。他們認(rèn)為許多本科生都需要惡補(bǔ)學(xué)習(xí)技能這一課。與此相似，雇主也認(rèn)為作為職

38、場新人的年輕一代因?yàn)槟芰η啡毙枰匦屡嘤?xùn)。即使以上都是現(xiàn)實(shí)情況，也必須承認(rèn)今天的年輕人被寄予越來越高的期望，實(shí)際上是太高了。他們能夠應(yīng)對(duì)老一輩對(duì)他們的任何要求，對(duì)此我們更應(yīng)該贊許而非批評(píng)。36What is probably true about the multitasking Generation M?AThey feel they are more efficient than others.BThey waste more time than they should spend.CThey put more energy on important tasks.DThey need to

39、 improve their analytical skills.37With the introduction of new gadgets, what happens to the Generation Ms present e-devices?AThey give way to the latest.BThey are quickly put aside.CThey are sold to their friends.DThey become part of their collection.38Multitasking makes the Generation MAfeel lonel

40、y and pitiful.Bselfish and aggressive.Cdistant to their family.Dsilent and sad.39The academics feel that many undergraduates badly need toAadjust their social attitudes.Bseek psychological assistance.Cimprove their study skills.Dtake more business courses.40What attitude should the older generation

41、adopt towards the multitasking youth?ACritical.BThankful.CNegative.DSupportive.第三篇Three Ways to Become More CreativeMost people believe they dont have much imagination. They are wrong. Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to access it. Creativity isnt always co

42、nnected with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time routinely think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you.This technique involves taking

43、 unrelated ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words associated with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc.

44、 Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the ideas to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original present; you could buy him tickets to a match or take him out for the night.Imagine that normal limitations dont exist. You have as much time/space/money, et

45、c. as you want. Think about your goal and the new possibilities. If, for example, your goal is to learn to ski（滑雪）, you can now practice skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now adapt this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December, or every M

46、onday in January.Look at the situation from a different point of view. Good negotiators(談判者) use this technique in business, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the characters in their books. They ask questions: what does this character want? Why cant she get it? What changes m

47、ust she make to get what she wants? What does she dream about? If your goal involves other people, put yourself “in their shoes”. The best fishermen think like fish!變得更有創(chuàng)造性的三種方式大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為他們沒有多少想象力。他們錯(cuò)了。每個(gè)人都有想象力，但是我們大多數(shù)人在成年之后，忘了怎么去想象。創(chuàng)造力并不總是和大量的藝術(shù)以及思想聯(lián)系在一起。人們在工作或者是在業(yè)余時(shí)間通常都會(huì)想一些有創(chuàng)意的方式來解決問題。或許你有個(gè)目標(biāo)要完成，一個(gè)棘手的

48、問題要回答或者你只是想擴(kuò)散你的思維。這里有三個(gè)技巧能幫助你。這個(gè)技巧涉及到捕捉不相關(guān)的思想，并且努力尋找他們之間的聯(lián)系。首先，想想你要解決的問題或者你需要做的工作。然后尋找一個(gè)圖像，一句話，一個(gè)想法或者一個(gè)物體，比如一根蠟燭。寫下所有和蠟燭相關(guān)的想法或者語言：光、火、火柴、蠟、夜晚以及安靜等等。盡可能多想一些。下一階段就是將這些想法跟你要做的工作聯(lián)系起來。所以想想你要給你的朋友買一個(gè)新穎的禮物，你可以給他買一張比賽門票或者晚上帶他出去。想象一下一些常規(guī)的限制并不存在。你有你所需要的時(shí)間、場所以及金錢。想一想你的目標(biāo)以及新的可能性。比如如果你的目標(biāo)是去學(xué)滑雪，你現(xiàn)在可以在你生命中的每一天都練習(xí)滑

49、雪（因?yàn)槟阌械氖菚r(shí)間和金錢）。現(xiàn)在，讓這個(gè)和現(xiàn)實(shí)相適應(yīng)。或許你可以在十二月份的每一天都練習(xí)滑雪，或者在一月份的每個(gè)周一。從不同的角度考慮現(xiàn)狀。好的談判者在商業(yè)中運(yùn)用這一技巧，作家也是。小說家經(jīng)常想象著他們是書中的角色。他們自己問問題：“這個(gè)角色需要什么？她得不到什么？為了得到她所想要的，她需要做什么？她的夢想是什么？” 如果你的目標(biāo)涉及到他人，設(shè)身處地從他們的角度想一想。最牛的漁民會(huì)像魚一樣思考！第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文（第4650題，每題2分，共10分）下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章面貌。Flying into Histor

50、yWhen you turn on the television or read a magazine, celebrities（名人）are everywhere. Although fame and the media play such major roles in our lives today, it has not always been that way. Eighty years ago, radio and movies were just beginning to have that kind of effect on Americans. (46) Many histor

51、ians agree that Charles Lindbergh was one of the first major celebrities, or superstars.Lindbergh was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1902, but he grew up in Little Falls, Minnesota. As a child, he was very interested in how things worked, so when he reached college, he pursued a degree in engineering

52、. At the age of 20,however,the allure（誘惑）of flying captured Lindberghs imagination. He quit school and moved to Nebraska where he learned to be a pilot. (47) Soon after, Lindbergh bought his own plane and traveled across the nation performing aerial stunts（空中特技）.In 1924, Lindbergh became more seriou

53、s about flying. He joined the United States military and graduated first in his pilot class. Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot, flying out of St. Louis, Missouri. (48)During the same time, a wealthy hotel owner named Raymond Orteig was offering a generous a- wa

54、rd to the first pilot who could fly nonstop from New York City to Paris, France. The Orteig Prize was worth$ 25,000 a large amount even by todays standards.Lindbergh knew he had the skills to complete the flight, but not just any plane was capable of flying that far for that long. Working with an av

55、iation company from San Diego, California, and with financial help from the city of St. Louis, Lindbergh got a customized（定制的）airplane that could make the journey. (49)On May 20,1927, Charles Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field in New York City and arrived the next day at an airstrip（簡易機(jī)場）outsid

56、e Paris. Named in honor of the sponsor, The Spirit of St. Louis carried Lindbergh across the Atlantic Ocean and into the record books. He became a national hero and a huge celebrity.When he returned to the United States, Lindbergh rode in a ticker-tape（熱烈的）parade held to celebrate his accomplishment

57、. He also received a Medal of Honor, the highest United States military decoration. (50) A very popular dance was even named for Charles Lindberghthe Lindy Hop. Today, The Spirit of St. Louis is kept at the Smithsonian Institutes National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C.飛入歷史當(dāng)你打開電視或者讀一本雜志的時(shí)候，

58、你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)到處都是名人。盡管現(xiàn)在名人和媒體在我們的生活中扮演很重要的角色，但是它并不一直是這樣的。80年前，收音機(jī)以及電影剛剛開始在美國有著類似的影響。很多歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為查爾斯林德伯格就是最早時(shí)期的名人或者巨星之一。林德伯格1902年出生于底特律的密歇根，但是他在明尼蘇達(dá)州的小瀑布鎮(zhèn)長大。他還是小孩的時(shí)候，對(duì)一些東西是怎么運(yùn)作的很感興趣，所以他讀大學(xué)的時(shí)候，學(xué)的是工程專業(yè)。然而他20歲的時(shí)候，飛翔的誘惑俘虜了他的想象。他退學(xué)并搬到了內(nèi)布拉斯加州，學(xué)習(xí)如何成為一名飛行員。很快，林德伯格買了一架屬于自己的飛機(jī)，并且在全國表演空中特技。1924年，林德伯格對(duì)飛行的態(tài)度變得嚴(yán)肅起來。他加入了美國軍隊(duì)，畢業(yè)

59、的時(shí)候飛行課獲得第一名。林德伯格利用這一額外的訓(xùn)練獲得了一份航空郵件飛行員的工作，在密蘇里州的圣路易斯飛來飛去。在同一時(shí)期，一個(gè)叫做Raymond Orteig的有錢飯店老板拿出豐厚的獎(jiǎng)金，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)第一個(gè)從紐約飛到法國巴黎，中間不停歇的飛行員。奧泰格獎(jiǎng)獎(jiǎng)金2.5萬美金，即使以今天的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來看也很豐厚。林德伯格知道他有具備完成這次飛行的技術(shù)，但是并不是每架飛機(jī)都能飛那么長那么遠(yuǎn)。他和位于加利福尼亞圣地亞哥的一家航空公司合作，再加上圣路易斯的資金幫助，林德伯格拿到了定制的可以完成這趟飛行的飛機(jī)。1927年5月20日，查爾斯林德伯格從紐約的羅斯福機(jī)場出發(fā)，第二天到達(dá)了巴黎外的一個(gè)簡易機(jī)場。為了向贊助的城市

60、致敬，飛機(jī)被命名為圣路易斯的精神，它帶著林德伯格穿過大西洋，并被載入記錄。他成為了全國的英雄以及巨星。當(dāng)他返回美國的時(shí)候，林德伯格騎馬參加了為他舉行的游行來慶祝他的成就。他也獲得了美國軍人最高獎(jiǎng)?wù)聵s譽(yù)獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。甚至有一個(gè)以查爾斯林德伯格命名的非常流行的舞蹈，叫做林迪舞。如今，圣路易斯的精神這架飛機(jī)由華盛頓的史密森學(xué)會(huì)國家航空航天博物館保管。第6部分：完形填空（第5165題，每題1分，共15分）下面的短文有15處空白，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。Sport or Spectacle?Muhammad Ali is probably the most famous sports figu