中考英語語法專項(xiàng)定語從句復(fù)習(xí)

1、關(guān)于中考英語語法專項(xiàng)定語從句復(fù)習(xí)第一張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞、代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。 定語從句一般放在先行詞后面。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞稱為關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞分為 關(guān)系代詞（that, which, who, whom, whose)和 關(guān)系副詞（when, where, why)。關(guān)系代詞在從 句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分，關(guān)系副詞 在句中作狀語。第二張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月I like music that / which I can dance to.先行詞關(guān)系代詞定語從句I like t

2、he singer who is beautiful.I like the movie that is funny.找一找I still remember the first time when I met her. 第三張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月I have an apple.An apple is red.I have an applethat is red.修飾先行詞 an apple 第四張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月I have some friends. Some friends like sports.I have some friendswho li

3、ke sports. 修飾先行詞 friends 第五張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月I like the movie. The movie is exciting.I like the movie that is exciting .that 修飾先行詞movie第六張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月The woman who lives next door is a teacher. The woman is a teacher. The woman lives next door.who修飾先行詞woman第七張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月關(guān)系代詞如何引導(dǎo)定

4、語從句普通代詞與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別I have a sister.She works in Shanghai. 代替 sister普通代詞：只起代替的作用（如上例she)I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai.關(guān)系代詞： （如上例who/that） 1.代替先行詞; 2.它還在定語從句中擔(dān)任一定的成分; 3. 同時(shí)連接先行詞與它引導(dǎo)的定語從句。 （把主句和從句連起來）第八張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 The building is our school. The building stands by the river. 關(guān)系代詞的使用取

5、決于先行詞，它們的關(guān)系非常密切，因?yàn)殛P(guān)系代詞在定語從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的 人稱、數(shù)必須和先行詞一致。The building which/that stands by the river is our school. 先行詞 關(guān)系詞 定語從句which/that 是關(guān)系代詞，它在從句中代替先行詞the building, 同時(shí)擔(dān)任從句中的主語，也起連詞的作用，把兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句連接 起來。第九張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月關(guān)系詞判 斷 步 驟 :1.要看先行詞；2.要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。關(guān)系詞先行詞關(guān)系詞在從句中作的成分能否省略who

6、 / that人主語不能who / whom / that人賓語能whose / of which 人定語不能which / that 物主語不能which / that 物賓語能whose / of which 物定語不能when / 介詞+which時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語不能where / 介詞+which地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語不能why / for which原因原因狀語不能第十張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞和先行詞一致.定語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother.

7、 (主句)The woman is my mother.(敘述客觀事實(shí) 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)) (從句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中yesterday表示過去時(shí)間)第十一張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who/that is smiling is Tom. (主語)The boy who /that has a round face is

8、 Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The boy who/that sits in front of me is Tom. 第十二張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (who/whom/that) everyone likes is kind. The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.The woman (who/whom/that) we saw on the street got t

9、he job. The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (who/whom/that) we met yesterday will give us a talk.第十三張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月關(guān)系代詞 1.who指人,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）The man( who) I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom指人,作賓語 (作賓語可省略,如 介詞

10、提前則不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.第十四張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月關(guān)系代詞 3.whose 是代詞的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也可以代物。 Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen .I saw a woman whose bag was stol

11、en.第十五張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月applethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is smallThe apple which is green is big.第十六張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Can you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.Can you find the pen with which I wro

12、te just now?Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? 第十七張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4.which 指物，作主語或賓語 (作賓 語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year.The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the librar

13、y from which you borrow books?第十八張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of .2)The room (that) I live in is very big. The room (which) I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big.注意: 固

14、定動(dòng)介詞組不可分割,介詞不能提前.例如:look after,look at 關(guān)系代詞與介詞: 介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時(shí),介詞賓語只能用which代物, 用whom代人。(介詞在末尾時(shí),關(guān)系詞可以省略)The room where I live is very big.第十九張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月定語從句只能用 that , 不用 which的情況：當(dāng)先行詞是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody,nobody, everyone, no one 等不定代詞或被它們修飾時(shí)

15、。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacherasked.2. 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)That is the most interesting book that I have read.第二十張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.3. 當(dāng)先行詞有the very, the only, the s

16、ame等修飾時(shí)。Thats the only thing that I can do now.These are the very words that he used.4. 當(dāng)主句以 who 或 which開頭時(shí)，定語從句的關(guān)系詞用 that, 而不用 which 或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost ?第二十一張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5. 先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that.The man and his dog that I always me

17、et are standing by the gate. I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 第二十二張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月關(guān)系代詞只用who,不用that 的情況： 1.先行詞是anyone, someone, those時(shí)，關(guān)系詞使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. Is there anyone who wants to go there? 2.在there be 句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞用who

18、 There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him.第二十三張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 關(guān)系副詞 關(guān)系副詞是用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣,在從句中代替先行詞,在句中作狀語。 1.where:在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,指代地點(diǎn). The hotel wasnt clean. We stayed at the hotel.The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel at which we stayed wa

19、snt clean.The hotel (which) we stayed at wasnt clean.第二十四張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 2.when: 在從句中作時(shí)間狀語,指代時(shí)間。 Ill never forget the day. I joined the Party on that day. Ill never forget the day when I joined the Party. Ill never forget the day on which I joined the Party .3.why : 在從句中作原因狀語,指代原因。We wants to

20、know the reason.He was late for school.We wants to know the reason why he was late for school.We wants to know the reason for which he was late for school.第二十五張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Exercise 1 :用關(guān)系代詞填空The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.I

21、 hate people _ talk much but do little.The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that第二十六張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived fo

22、r 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.第二十七張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday. A. thatB. who C. whom D. this2. The man _ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C

23、. whoD. /3. The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary. A. thatB. whose C. whichD. asACA定語從句練習(xí)第二十八張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4. Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the oneB. which C. who D. whom5. Is this factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the oneB. that C. which D.

24、/6. The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. whichB. that C. /D. itBAB定語從句練習(xí)第二十九張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月7. The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. whichB. in which C. thatD. all8. _ cleans the blackboard should be praised. A. That B. Who C. Th

25、e one whoD. The students who9. Please show me the book _ you bought yesterday. A. whichB. whom C. whose D. thisCCA定語從句練習(xí)第三十張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月10. This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year. A. whoB. whom C. which D. /11. This is the only article of these that _ written by him. A

26、. wasB. were C. isD. are12. The man _ was here just now is a doctor. A. whomB. who C. /D. heDCB定語從句練習(xí)第三十一張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月13. The boy _ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next door B. which lives next door C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door14. Those _ made no mistakes in todays exerci

27、ses please raise your hands. A. whichB. whom C. thatD. who15. The farm _ we stayed last week is a lovely place for a holiday. A. when B. where C. that D. at thatDDB定語從句練習(xí)第三十二張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月16. He is the most careful boy _ I know. A. whatB. which C. as D. / 17. This is the school _ Mr. Smith on

28、ce taught. A. in thatB. when C. whereD. there18. Have you visited the house _ the famous scientist was born? A. whereB. in that C. that D. whichDCA定語從句練習(xí)第三十三張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月19. The factory _ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week. A. whenB. where C. thatD. which20. Do you still remember the d

29、ay _ we first met? A. thatB. when C. what D. on thatBB定語從句練習(xí)第三十四張，PPT共三十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月21. October 1,1949 is the day _ well never forget. A. when B. that C. whereD. in which22. October 1,1949 was the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded. A. whichB. when C. whereD. in which23. Is this the shop _ sells childrens clothing? A. whichB. where C. in whi