初一英語初一時態(tài)講解與練習題

1、初一時態(tài)講解：一般現在時，現在進行時，一般將來時一般現在時1定義：表示通常性、規(guī)律性、習慣性的狀態(tài)或者動作（有時間規(guī)律發(fā)生的事件）的一種時間狀態(tài)。2基本結構A.如果謂語動詞是實義動詞的結構結構：肯定式:主語+動詞原形/動詞的第三人稱單數否定式:主語+助動詞dont/doesnt+動詞原形+其他疑問式:Do/Does+主語+動詞原形+其他簡略回答:（肯）Yes主語+do/does（否）No,主語+do/doesnot縮寫形式:dont=donotdoesnt=doesnot注意：have的第三人稱單數為has疑問句型謂語動詞是實義動詞，方法是在主語前加助動詞do或does構成，句中動詞要改用原型

2、動詞。do用于第一人稱和名詞復數，does用于第三人稱單數和名詞單數或不可數名詞。Doyouknowit？Yes,Ido./No,Idont.Doesshehaveapen？Yes,shedoes./No,shehasnt.have這里是實義動詞Dotheyplaybasketballafterschool?Yes,theydo./No,theydont.否定句型謂語動詞是實義動詞，是在謂語動詞前加donot或doesnot，謂語動詞改用動詞原型。Idonthaveluchathome.Mr.JimmydoesntknowFrench.Theydontplaybasketballonthesp

3、ortsground.肯定式疑問式否定式否定疑問式Iwork.DoIwork?Idonotwork.DoInotwork?Youwork.Doyouwork?Youdonotwork.Doyounotwork?Wework.Dowework?Wedonotwork.Dowenotwork?Theywork.Dotheywork?Theydonotwork.Dotheynotwork?He(She,It)works.Doeshe(she,it)work?He(She,It)doesnotwork.Doeshe(she,it)notwork?B如果謂語動詞是be/情態(tài)動詞的結構結構:主語+be+其

4、他主語+情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形1）be動詞的第一人稱單數為am,第三人稱單數為is,其他人稱為areBe動詞順口溜用法：我用am，你用are，is用于他，她，它，單數is,復數are.肯定式:主語+am/is/are+其他否定式:主語+am/is/are+not+其他疑問式:Am/Is/Are+主語+其他？簡略回答：(肯)Yes主語+am/is/are(否)No,主語+am/is/arenot縮寫形式：Im=IamThats=ThatisWere=WeareWhats=WhatisYoure=YouareWhos=WhoisTheyre=TheyareWheres=WhereisHes=HeisS

5、hes=SheisIts=Itisisnt=isnotarent=arenot疑問句型對于謂語動詞或助動詞是be、can/may等，將這些詞移到主語前面。Areyoustudents？Yes,weare./No,wearent.IsJaneintheclassroom?Yes,heis./No,heisnt.Isthereanywaterintheglass?Yes,thereis./No,thereisnt.Canyouswim?Yes,Ican./No,Icant.否定句型謂語動詞或助動詞是be、can/may/等，在將助動詞后加not.Iamnotatcollege.Mr.Wangisn

6、t50yearsold.Youmaynotgonow.2）情態(tài)動詞can/may的用法同be動詞Eg:Icandomyhomework.Shecanseeapicture.動詞的表達方法主要通過謂語動詞的變化和用時間詞語來表示,其中最主要的是謂語動詞的變化?，F在一般時動詞變化的規(guī)則是：A實義動詞如果主語是名詞復數和第一人稱I、we，謂語動詞不用做任何變化，即仍然用動詞原型表示：Weusuallygotoschoolat7:30.我們通常7:30上學去。goMyparentsgivetenyuantomysistereveryweek.我父母每星期給我妹妹十元錢。give主語是任何一個單數名詞或

7、者是第三人稱單數，謂語動詞要進行必要的變化。特別提一點：不可數名詞也算作單數處理。實義動詞單數變法規(guī)則:情況構成方法讀音例詞一般情況加-s清輔音后讀/s/濁輔音和元音后讀/Z/swim-swims；help-helps；以s,sh,ch,x，o等結尾的詞加-es讀/iz/Passes,finishes,teaches,goes以輔音字母+y結尾的詞變y為i再加es讀/z/study-studies寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數：studyplaygocomehelpteachlielistenbeginopensitwashguesscutruneatB助動詞基本助動詞be（是）-am,is,ar

8、eI用am；she/he/it,名詞單數都用is；we,you,they,名詞復數都用are基本助動詞have（有）-have,haswe,you,they,名詞復數都用have；she/he/itis,名詞單數都用has基本助動詞do-dodoeswe,you,they,名詞復數都用do；she/he/itis,名詞單數都用does情態(tài)助動詞，不論單復數、不論什么人稱都沒有變化，都用can,may等。而且，句子中有了助動詞，謂語動詞就不需要有任何變化了，即用動詞原形表示。Lucyisathomenow.露茜現在在家。Wehavesixclasseseveryday.我們每天上六節(jié)課。Jack

9、likesChinesefoodverymuch.杰克很喜歡中國飲食。Wecanseesomepicturesonthewall.我們能看到墻上的畫。4具體運用表示經常的或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻率的時間狀語連用。一般現在時的時間狀語有:usually,often（經常），always（總是），sometimes（有時）,onSundays/Mondays,today,everyday（week,month,year,）,thisyear,onceaweek（nron!th,（月eai年尸次everymorning/night/evening/day/week,fromtimetotime,t

10、wiceaweek注意：行為動詞的一般現在時中涉及了頻度副詞，用法：常見的頻度副詞有：often,always,usually,never,sometimes等用于行為動詞之前，be/助、情態(tài)動詞之后.e.g.Ileavehomeforschoolat7:00everymorning.Idontusuallygetupat6oclock.Heoftengoestoschoolbybike.表示客觀事實和普遍真理。e.gShanghailiesintheeastofChina.Twoandtwoarefour二加二等于四。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉。表示主

11、語現在具備的性格、能力、特征和狀態(tài)。e.g.HelikesEnglishverymuch.他非常喜歡英語。Sheisastudent.TomcanspeakEnglish.一般現在時態(tài)專項練習一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數形式postlikeridestudyeatvisithavewatchstoppassgiveflyjumprisewriteteachgoreadswimdo單項選擇youhaveabook?ADoB.AreC.IsD.HaveTOC o 1-5 h zDoesLiLeiliketowatchTV?.A.Yes,helike.B.No,hedoesnt.C.Yes,hed

12、like.D.No,helikes.3.Shedoesntherhomeworkintheafternoon.A.doingB.todoC.doesD.doHowMr.SmithtoEngland?A.do,goB.is,goC.does,goD.does,goesshehomeatsixeveryday?A.Is,leaveB.Does,leaveC.Is,leavesD.Does,left6.Iwanthomeworknow.(A)doing(B)todo(C)todomy(D)domy7.Itstime.(A)gotoschool(B)playgames(C)togohome(D)tod

13、omyhomeworksyoutheblackboard?Yes,Ican.(A)Can,clean(B)Am,cleaning(C)Are,cleaning(D)Do,cleangoandhelpher.A.LetsmeB.LetsusC.LetsD.LetstoDotheyhaveanewcar?Yes,.A.theyareB.theyhaveC.theydontD.theydoHeoftensupperat6:00intheevening.A.haveB.hasc.ishavingD.iseatingIts6oclockinthemorning.Itstime.A.getupB.gets

14、upC.togetupD.getsupWeanyChineseclassesonFriday.A.arehavingB.arenthavingC.donthaveD.arehaveTomanEnglishclasstoday.A.ishavingB.hasC.havingD.haveAreyouplayingbasketball?No,we.A.isntB.arentC.notD.dontWherehefrom?A.is,comeB.do,comeC.does,comeD.is,fromWhatlanguagedoyou?A.sayB.speakC.talkD.tell二、用下列動詞的適當形式

15、填空Heoften(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.We(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.they(like)theWorldCup?6.Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?7.yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.There(be)somewaterint

16、hebottle.11.Mike(like)cooking.They(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I(be)ill.Imstayinginbed.16.She(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao(do)notlikePE.Thechildoften(watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.Whatday(be)

17、ittoday?ItsSaturday.21.1(get)upat6oclockeveryday.22.Myfather(have)alovelydog.23.He(go)toschoolonfoot.24.She(do)notlikewatchingTV.25.They(play)footballeverySundayafternoon三、按要求完成下列各題TomorrowisSaturday.(變成一般疑問句)Saturday?Doesheplaybasketballeveryweekend?(肯定回答)Yes,.3.Shelookslikehersister.(變一般疑問句)shelik

18、ehersister?PeterandSamlookthesame.(一般疑問句)theythesame?Therearesomeapplesonthetrees.(改成單數句子)WehavemanyfriendsinChina.(改成單數句子)Dotheyalwaysgotothemovie(電影院)onSundays?(否定回答)No,.五、英漢互譯Tom經常放學后(afterschool)踢足球。我喜歡唱歌。Heoftengoestoschoolonfoot.Childrenliketoplaythisgame.今天是星期日。6他經常在周六的時候讀英語。Peter每天都幫助媽媽做家務。T

19、omalwaysplaysfootballafterschool.Igetupatsixoclockeveryday.Thecoatfits(適合)meverywell.四、改錯()1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?TOC o 1-5 h zABC()2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?ABC()3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.ABC()4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.ABC()5.ShedontdoherhomeworkonSundays.ABC初一現在進行時定義：表示現在或現階段正在進行的動作。常與now,the

20、sedays等時間狀語連用，句首有Look!/Listen等提示語。Imvisitingmyfriendsnow.Look!Heissittingthere.基本結構：be動詞(am,is,are)+動詞的現在分詞構成(動詞-ing)肯定句：be+doing否定句：be+notdoing一般疑問句：Be動詞提前到句子開頭+主語+doing記憶口訣：現在進行主動賓，be+動詞-ing要記清;助動詞(am,is,are)跟著主語變，am,is,are+-ing;例句:變疑問，助動詞(am,is,are)后主語跟,肯定句：Iamworking.否定句：Iamnotworking.疑問句：Areyou

21、working?回答：Yes,Iam.Heisworking.Heisnotworking.Isheworking?Yes,heis.變否定，助動詞(am,is,are)后not跟。Theyareworking.Theyarenotworking.Aretheyworking?Yes,theyare.No,Imnot.No,heisnt.No,theyarent,注意：現在進行時的特殊用法：1）現在進行時與always連用時，往往含有贊揚、厭惡、責備等感情色彩。如：Heisalwaysworkinghard.他總是非常努力地工作。（表示贊揚）2）come,go,begin,start,leav

22、e等動詞常用現在進行時表示將要發(fā)生的動作。SheisleavingChinatomorrow.Imgoingtoschool.現在分詞的變法規(guī)則：當我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構成如下：一）一般在后力口ing。如：sing-singing,see-seeing,play-playing,go-going,do-doing,二）以不發(fā)音e的結尾的去掉e再力口ing。如:write-writing,have-having,come一coming來；close-closing關；make一making制造ride一riding騎；write-writing寫;take-

23、taking拿走;have一having有；三）以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾且一個元音字母+個輔音字母（注意除開字母組合如show-showing,draw-drawing）要雙寫最后的輔音字母再力口ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning;sit-sitting；cut一cutting切;shop-shopping購物；begin-beginning開女臺forget-forgetting忘記；stop-stopping停止travel-travelling旅行；beginbeginning開始;swims

24、wimming游泳；runrunning跑步;putputting放；letletting讓；getgetting得至U四）以ie結尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于stayworkdospendlistenlookforgetmakerefuseputclosesittravelrundietie、用所給動詞的適當形式填空1.MaryandLucyare(dance)now.2.Listen!Someoneis(play)thepianointhenextroom.3.Heis(sweep)theflooratthemoment.4.

25、Look!Thecat(eat)thefishonthetable.現在進行時態(tài)專項練習一、寫出下列動詞的現在分詞形式takegiveridepleasewinbeginopenlieSheoften(dance)afterschool.Myfatherandmother(swim)inthepond.Mysisteris(fly)akiteinthegarden.Weare(watch)TVnow.Bequiet!Thebaby(sleep)now.A:you(study)French?B:Yes,Iam.三、改錯Wearecleanningourclassroom.Sheissingint

26、henextroom.Whatamyoudoing?MaryiscomeingbackfromBeijing.HeoftenflyingkitesonSundays.Theyisreadingbooksnow.Mybrotherisplaystheguitarnow.Sallyisdanceingintheroom.IwatchingTVathomenow._Doyoulisteningtheradionow?四、英漢互譯他正在教室里做作業(yè)。WearereadingEnglishnow.Pete和Billy正在操場(intheplayground)打籃球。Look!Abirdisflyingi

27、nthesky.公共汽車來了。劉先生經常在周日的時候(onSundays)看英語書。Heisntplayinggames.Heisstudying.孩子們在摘(pick)蘋果。Thatsonofyoursisalwaysmakingtroubles(搗亂).10.你們正在做什么?能力測試一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數形式及現在分詞形式playsitdostopputswimskatedanceflylie二.單選1、Look!Hetheirmotherdothehousework.A.ishelpingB.arehelpC.ishelpD.ishelpping2、aretheboysdoing

28、?Theyaresingingintheroom.A.WhoB.HowC.WhatD.Where3、Donttalkhere.Mymother.A.issleepingB.aresleepingC.sleepingD.sleep4、Danny.Dontcallhim.A.iswriteingB.iswritingC.writingD.writes5、-Whenheback?-Sorry,Idontknow.A.does,comeB.arecomingC.iscomeD.iscoming).Whoovertherenow?A.singingB.aresingC.issingingD.singIt

29、seightoclock.ThestudentsanEnglishclass.A.haveB.havingC.ishavingD.arehavingListen!Thebabyinthenextroom.A.cryingB.criedC.iscryingD.criesLook!Thetwinsnewsweaters.A.arewearingB.wearingC.arewearD.iswearingDonttalkhere.Grandparents.A.issleepingB.aresleepingC.sleepingD.sleepTomisaworker.Heinafactory.Hissis

30、tersinahospital.A.work/workB.works/workC.work/worksWhoEnglishbestinyourclass?A.speakB.speaksC.speakingMrs.Readthewindowseveryday.A.iscleaningB.cleanC.cleansWemusicandoftentomusic.A.like/listenB.likes/listensC.like/arelisteningSheupatsixinthemorning.A.getB.getsC.gettingOnSundayshesometimeshisclothesa

31、ndsometimessomeshopping.A.wash/doB.iswashing/isdoingC.washes/doesThetwinsusuallymilkandbreadforbreakfast,butJimsomecoffeeforit.A.have/haveB.have/hasC.has/have二、用動詞的適當形式填空Iam(watch)TVnow.2.He(play)intheclassroomnow.3.Sheoften(dance)afterschool.4.Mysisteris(fly)akiteinthepark.5.Myparents(父母)(swim)inth

32、epondeveryday.6.Itstenoclock.Mymother(lie)inbed.7.Whathe(mend)?8.We(play)gamesnow.9.Whatyou(do)thessedays?10.he(clean)theclassroom?Who(sing)inthenextroom?12、Thegirl(like)wearingasweater.Look!She(wear)aredsweatertoday.三、改錯IwatchingTVathomenow.Myfatherisplaysthepiano.HeoftenflyingkitesonSundays.Theyis

33、readingbooks.5.Sheisdancingintheroom.一般將來時一.意義：表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)常與表示將來的時間狀語連用。如:tomorrow,soon,nextMonday,nextyear,nextweekend,thisafternoon,thisevening,inamonth.二.構成及變化一般將來時常用的兩種結構begoingto+動詞原形：表示打算、準備做的事或有跡象即將發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生的事?？隙ň洌褐髡Z+be(am,is,are)goingto+動詞原形+其它成份。否定句：主語+be(am,is,are)not+goingto+動詞原形+

34、其它成份Iamnotgoingto(goto)thecinematonight.我今天晚上不打算去看電影。一般疑問句：Be(am/is/are)+主語+goingto+動詞原型+其它成份？Isyourfathergoingtoplaybasketballwithyou?No,heisnt.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞(Wh-)+般疑問句？WhereareyougoingtospendSpringFesital.?春節(jié)你打算在哪過？will+動詞原形：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況，沒有太多的計劃性，還用來表示意愿?？隙ň洌褐髡Z+will+動詞原形+其它成份否定句：主語+will+not+動詞原形+其它成份

35、一般疑問句:Will+主語+動詞原形+其它成份簡略回答:(肯)Yes主語+will.(否)No,主語+will+not縮寫形式:ll=willwont=willnotshewillwritetohimnextweek.下周我將給他寫信。TheywontwatchTVthisevening今天晚上他們不看電視。Willyoustayathomewithustomorrow?Yes,Iwill.No,Iwont.注意：1.will表示的一般將來時，本身沒有人稱和數的變化用法同情態(tài)動詞。如果要表達“將來不會”就要用其否定形式，可以在will后直接加not，構成willnot或縮寫為wont.其疑問形

36、式，將will提到句首即可。2.區(qū)分這兩結構：都表將來。但是begoingto+動詞原形可以表示有跡象要發(fā)生的事Lookatthedarkclouds,itisgoingtoberain.“will”句型與“begoingto”句型，前者表示純粹將來，后者表示打算、計劃、準備做的事情，更強調主語的主觀意愿。例如：TomorrowwillbeSaturday.明天是周六了。WearegoingtovisitParisthissummer今年夏天我們打算游覽巴黎。begoingto結構后面習慣上不跟go,come等表位移的動詞，一般用該動詞的進行時形式表示。如：HesgoingtoNewYorkn

37、extweek下周他要去紐約.SheiscomingBeijingtomorrow.一般將來時專項練習()1.ThereA.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobe)2.Charlieherenextmonth.A.isntworkingB.doesntworking)3.Heverybusythisweek,heameetingtomorrowafternoon.C.isgoingtobeD.willgotobeC.isntgoingtoworkingD.wontworkfreenextweek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbD.is;wil

38、lbe()4.Thereadolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe()5.一youfreetomorrow?一No.Ifreethedayaftertomorrow.A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe)6.Mothermeanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give)7.-S

39、hallIbuyacupofteaforyou?-.(不，不要。)A.No,youwont.B.No,youarentC.No,pleasedont.D.No,please.)8.一Whereisthemorningpaper?一Iifforyouatonce.D.willgetC.TherecanbeD.ThereareD.wouldhaveA.getB.amgettingC.toget)9.aconcertnextSaturday?A.TherewillbeB.Willtherebe()10.Iftheycome,weameeting.A.haveB.willhaveC.had()11.H

40、eherabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.A.givesB.gaveC.willgivingD.isgoingtogiving()12.Hetousassoonashegetsthere.A.writesB.haswritteC.willwriteD.wrote()13.Heinthreedays.A.comingbackB.camebackC.willcomebackD.isgoingtocomingback()14.Ifittomorrow,wellgoroller-skating.A.isntrainB.wontrainC.doesntrainD.doesnt

41、fine()15.一WillhisparentsgotoseetheTerraCottaWarriorstomorrow?-No,(不去).A.theywillnt.B.theywontC.theyarent.D.theydont.()16.Whoweswimmingwithtomorrowafternoon?A.will;goB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;go()17.Wetheworkthiswaynexttime.A.doB.willdoC.goingtodoD.willdoing()18.Tomorrowheakiteintheopenairfirst,andt

42、henboatinginthepark.A.willfly;willgoB.willfly;goesC.isgoingtofly;willgoesD.flies;willgo()19.Thedayaftertomorrowtheyavolleyballmatch.A.willwatchingB.watchesC.iswatchingD.isgoingtowatch()20.ThereabirthdaypartythisSunday.A.shallbeB.willbeC.shallgoingtobeD.willgoingtobe()21.TheyanEnglisheveningnextSunday.A.arehavingB.aregoin