2023年高考復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解滿分考點(diǎn)5-主旨要義之文章大意-講考點(diǎn)-胸有成竹（教師版）

1、ability to rotate（旋轉(zhuǎn)）and translate shapes J Levine said in a statement.2023年高考復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解總分值考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)5主旨要義之文章大意.講考點(diǎn)有成竹2022年文章大意考點(diǎn)歸納】、點(diǎn) 題小、文章大意閱讀理解2022試卷類型設(shè)問(wèn)考占J /、2022年全國(guó)中春閱讀 C3L What is the text mainly about?文章大意20212021年3月天津卷C 篇 56. What is the passage mainly about?文章大意2021年6月浙江卷C 篇 10. What is the last para

2、graph mainly about?文章大意20202020年新課標(biāo)I I卷B 篇 27. What is the text mainly about?文章大意【2023年高考命題預(yù)測(cè)】文章大意考點(diǎn)是高考中的必考點(diǎn)。一篇一定在表達(dá)或傳遞他的思想，因此，每篇文章一定有 它的中心思想。預(yù)測(cè)在2023高考中，文章大意題會(huì)繼續(xù)在高考閱讀理解中呈現(xiàn)。【主旨大意之文章大意考點(diǎn)指南】規(guī)律方法：如何概括文章大意？1、做概括文章大意題時(shí)，有效的方法就是識(shí)別主題句。主題句具有簡(jiǎn)潔性、概括性的特點(diǎn)，文章的中心 思想往往是每段主題句的綜合。假設(shè)文章無(wú)主題句，這就需要我們依據(jù)文中的事實(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)、觀點(diǎn)去進(jìn)行分析、 推斷和

3、歸納，從而概括出文章大意。2、在選擇答案時(shí)，根據(jù)自己總結(jié)的大意，就可以用排除法將干擾項(xiàng)逐個(gè)排除?？祭治觯築【2020.全國(guó)新課標(biāo)n】Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the

4、 University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition（認(rèn)矢口）after controlling for differences in parents7 income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.The r

5、esearchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who

6、 did not, on tasks that assessed theirThe parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who p

7、layed with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.24227

8、 . What is the text mainly about?A. A mathematical method.B. A scientific study.C. A woman psychologistD. A teaching program.【答案】27. B【解析】本文是說(shuō)明文。是關(guān)于孩子們玩智力游戲的研究，介紹了研究考慮的因素，研究過(guò)程和結(jié)果。 27.主旨大意題。本文是關(guān)于孩子們玩智力游戲的研究，介紹了研究考慮的因素，研究過(guò)程和結(jié)果。所以 是關(guān)于科學(xué)研究的。B. A scientific study（一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究）符合以上說(shuō)法，應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。C【2020.全國(guó)新課標(biāo)ni】With th

9、e young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation（孤獨(dú)），more families are choosing to live together.The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two da

10、ughters.Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and liv

11、ing room on the ground floor.“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house J says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: We spoke more with Nick because I think its a big thing fbr Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”And what does Nick think? From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Wou

12、ld I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.Its hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419

13、,000 in 2013.Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The tot

14、al number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husbands fam

15、ily when they get married.31831. What is the text mainly about?A. Lifestyles in different countries.B. Conflicts between generations.C. A housing problem in Britain.D. A rising trend of living in the UK.【答案】31.D【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。短文報(bào)道了在英國(guó)，由于年輕人負(fù)擔(dān)不起離家的費(fèi)用，而老年人又面 臨著被孤立的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，越來(lái)越多的家庭選擇住在一起，出現(xiàn)了多世同堂的現(xiàn)象。31 .主旨大意

16、題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第一段“With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation（孤獨(dú)），more families are choosing to live together.”可知，由于年輕人負(fù)擔(dān)不起離家的費(fèi)用，而老年 人又面臨著被孤立的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，越來(lái)越多的家庭選擇住在一起。所以短文主要是關(guān)于英國(guó)生活方式的一種上升 趨勢(shì)。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)?！驹囶}精練】.D【江西省八校2021-2022學(xué)年高三第一次聯(lián)考】Whether its the slow drifting apart from a chil

17、dhood friend, the sudden, sharp distance created by a disagreement, or one of the many relationships that have quietly fallen away during the pandemic, losing someone that you thought would always be in your life is deeply jarring.But friendship breakups will happen over the course of our lives, and

18、 we need to start learning how to deal with them in healthy ways, says friendship coach Danielle Bayard Jackson.The most significant thing we need to do, says Jackson, is normalize the fact that sometimes friendships do end and that can actually be healthy. However, we havent been taught to carry th

19、is expectation into our friend relationships.“Were not looking at our friends through a lens （透鏡）of Goshhope this works out, but well do that with a romantic partner fbr sure/ says Jackson. With a partner, we wonder if theyYe going to be the one. But with friends, we assume they1 re the one from the

20、 minute we establish that we like each other.”And because we dont view the loss of a friendship as a normal occurrence, it feels like a personal failing when it happens and something we should be ashamed of. Or, as Jackson puts it, “If friendship is supposed to be easy and yours ended, what did you

21、do wrong?,But that isnt the case.Friendships, like any relationship, sometimes arent meant to be and even if they are, maintaining them takes real work. Kristen Newton has been interested in this work for years and founded HEART Convos, which aims to help people who feel stuck in unsatisfying friend

22、ships have the kind of open and honest communication that keeps a friendship healthy.“I think we feel blindsided because we belittle the value and significance of our social connections and friendship. Yet we recognize the weight that they carry when they dont work out, and we experience that hurt a

23、nd disappointment J she says.12. What is the text mainly about?How to regain a friendship that has ended.The loss of a friendship is a normal occurrence.Why friendship breaks up over the course of our lives.Many relationships have fallen away during the pandemic.【答案】12. B【解析】本文是議論文。文章主要講述有關(guān)朋友和友誼的看法。

24、12.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Whether its the slow drifting apart from a childhood friend, the sudden, sharp distance created by a disagreement, or one of the many relationships that have quietly fallen away during the pandemic, losing someone that you thought would always be in your life is deeply iairing.（不管是否是童年

25、朋友 的緩慢的轉(zhuǎn)變，由意見(jiàn)不合造成的突然的巨大的距離，或者是許多關(guān)系在疫情期間漸漸地分開(kāi)，失去某個(gè) 你認(rèn)為在你人生中會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)在的人是很令人不安）“和第二段But friendship breakups will happen over the course of our lives（但是友誼的破裂在我們的人生中是會(huì)發(fā)生的廣可知，這篇文章主要講述失去朋友，失去 友誼在人生中是常有的事情。應(yīng)選B。2.D【陜西省渭南市2022屆高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)一模】The earliest tomatoes were little sour berries. They grew among low bushes in

26、 dry, sunny places in the Andes Mountains in South America. It was about 350 million years ago.Tomato plants are relative to nightshade （茄屬植物），which has poison. The leaves and stems of tomato plants have poison , but the berries are good to eat. The berries are red so that animals can find them easi

27、ly and eat them. The animals carry the seeds to other places. That was how earliest tomato plants found new places to grow. Tomatoes are also relative to tobacco, chili peppers and potatoes.When people first came to South America about 20,000 years ago, they ate these tiny wild tomatoes. Travelers b

28、rought a few kinds of wild tomato plants from the Andes to Central America, there the ancestors of the Maya began to farm them. Nobody knows exactly when people began farming tomatoes, but it probably was much later than corn and beans, and it was surely before 500 BC. These Central American fanners

29、 bred tomatoes to be bigger and sweeter than the wild ones.By the time Spanish explorers got to Tenochtitlan in Mexico in 1521 AD, the Aztec people ere eating a lot of tomatoes, made a sauce of chopped （剁碎的）tomatoes, onions, salt and chili peppers that was a lot like our salsa. The word “tomato come

30、s from their Nahuatl word “tomato”.Because tomatoes werent farmed until pretty late, farmers further north had not yet been able to adapt heir growing season to working in North America. Even today, its pretty hard to get your tomatoes ripe in the northern parts of North America before the growing s

31、eason ends.15. What is the text mainly about?How to grow tomatoes.The history of tomatoes.When to grow tomatoes.The places where tomatoes grow.【答案】15. B【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了西紅柿的歷史。15.主旨大意題。閱讀文章內(nèi)容，并根據(jù)第一段“The earliest tomatoes were little sour berries.（最早的西紅柿 是小的酸漿果）“，第三段第一句When people first came to South

32、 America about 20,000 years ago, they ate these tiny wild tomatoes.（大約2萬(wàn)年前，當(dāng)人們第一次來(lái)到南美洲時(shí)，他們吃這些小小的野生番茄）”和第四 段第一句By the time Spanish explorers got to Tenochtitlan in Mexico in 1521 AD, the Aztec people ere eating a lot of tomatoes（當(dāng)西班牙探險(xiǎn)家在1521年到達(dá)墨西哥的特諾奇蒂特蘭時(shí)，阿茲特克人吃了很多西紅柿廣和 最后一段“Because tomatoes weren*t

33、farmed until pretty late,（因?yàn)槲骷t柿是很晚才開(kāi)始種植的）“可知，本文介 紹了西紅柿的歷史。應(yīng)選B。3.C【吉林省長(zhǎng)春市重點(diǎn)高中2022屆高三下學(xué)期第三次模擬】One of the greatest challenges in caring for such intelligent animals as chimpanzees （猩猩）is providing them with enriching experiences. Every day, the chimpanzees at Project Chimps receive morning and evening

34、food-based enrichment devices, but caregivers are always looking for more ways to keep the chimps mentally engaged. With 79 chimpanzees, each with their distinctive personality, care staff often find that different chimps react differently to new enrichment.Last year, we began inviting musicians to

35、perform for chimps to see what they may respond. A violin performance received quite the response. Additional musicians were lined up to visit but the coronavirus has stopped the activities, which we hope to resume in the near future.This past week, we brought an electric piano for the chimps to inv

36、estigate. Some chimps, like twins Buttercup and Clarisse, were immediately interested and could not wait to tap out a few notes. Others, like Emma, were more interested in trying to take it apart.29-year-old Precious has very little tolerance for the piano. She sat off to the side for a few minutes,

37、 but eventually she decided that was enough. She called an end to the enrichment session by throwing a handful of waste at the piano. Receiving her message loud and clear, we removed the piano.We could never have guessed how 33-year-old Luke would react to it. As with many retired lab chimpanzees, Luke has some anxiety issues. He seems particularly distrustful of anything new, including people, food, and enrichment. But when we presented the chimps with the piano, Luke was the first to investigate. We could not