2021年新高考英語專題練習(xí)-專題二 非謂語動(dòng)詞

1、2021年新高考英語專題練習(xí)-第二部分語法知識(shí)貫通專題二非謂語動(dòng)詞高考幫備考方向?qū)Ш?.2021浙江1月,62In1985,urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.2.2020全國,66ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChange-4(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.3.2020全國,63Theyrepresent

2、theearth(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.4.2020全國,68Theyareeasy(care)forandmakegreatpresents.5.2020浙江,60Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology(change)lives.6.2020天津,14Thedancersincredibleperformancehadtheaudienceonitsfeet(clap)for10minutesattheendoftheshow.7.202

3、0北京,8Apieceofstone(find)onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.8.2020浙江1月,60Thefirstisdecliningbirthrates,whichmeansoldgenerationsarelarge(compare)toyoungergenerations,andso,onaverage,thepopulationbecomesolderthanbefore.9.2019全國,70Onth

4、elastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.10.2019天津,4(learn)tothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltodayschildrenwillneedforthefuture.11.2018全國,63Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreducey

5、ourriskof(die)earlybyrunning.12.2018全國,64Anotherreasonforcornsrise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice(improve)waterquality.習(xí)思用語法特訓(xùn)一、單句填空第1頁共4頁1.Wearingthecorrectclothesfordifferentoccasionswasveryimportant,despiteitmeant(change)clothesfiveorsixtimesaday.2.Asmorepeoplearedecidingno

6、t(eat)meatandanimalproducts,vegetarianism(素食主義)isbecomingonerisingtrendintheUK.3.Wecanalsoremindteenagersthatweshouldwashourhandsandfollowotherheathadvicenotonly(protect)ourselves,butalsotohelptoeasethestress.4.Accordingtoresearch(publish)intheAmericanJournalofClinicalNutrition,peoplewhoatemoreredme

7、atorprocessedmeatintheirdiethadahigherchanceofdyingfromalong-lastingdisease.5.Sadly,histeamarrivedatQomolangmaBaseCamp,only(inform)thatalljourneyshadbeenstoppedbecauseofanavalanche(雪崩)thathadkilled16people.6.Aninternationalteam(lead)byscientistsoftheuniversityhasdevelopedtheworldsfirst3Dartificialey

8、ewithbettercapabilitiesthananyotherexistingbionic(能力超人的)eyes,(bring)newhopetopatientswithvisualimpairment(視力受損).7.Forme,Icouldnotresistthisopportunity(experience)thelifeofaChineseemployeeandlearnsomuchaboutChineseculture.8.(Consider)thatvocabularyerrorsoftenleadtocommunicatingobstacles,teachersshoul

9、dpayspecialattentiontostudentsvocabularyerrors.9.TeresaAmabileofHarvardBusinessSchoolhasspentmorethanadecade(study)theworkhabitsof238people,collectingatotalof12,000diaryentriesamongthem.10.Heencouragedthestudents(study)scienceandcontributetothedevelopmentofChina.二、語法寫作遷移練完成句子,注意運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)姆侵^語動(dòng)詞形式。1.2020全國

10、Inordertorelease(由我們的學(xué)習(xí)造成的壓力),IwenttoXingxingFarm(摘一些橘子)togetherwithmyclassmateslastweekend.2.2020全國(沐浴在陽光下),wesangandlaughedwhilepickingoranges.3.2020天津5月Ialso(喜歡看一些有趣的)EnglishfilmsontheInternet,whichhelps(提高我的聽說技能).4.2020江蘇AlltheseeffortsmadetheinaccessiblethingsaboutChina(很容易被外國觀眾理解).第2頁共4頁5.2019

11、全國(了解到中國畫展覽將要舉辦)atthegallerynextmonth,Iamwritingtoapply(成為一名志愿者).答案專題二非謂語動(dòng)詞1.studied分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,該句謂語動(dòng)詞為had,故該空填非謂語動(dòng)詞,且作后置定語修飾countries;又study(研究)與countries之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且表示動(dòng)作已完成,故填studied。2.tofindusesth.todosth.使用來做某事。故填不定式tofind。ing句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞represent,空處應(yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞。theearth和come之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,且不表將來,所以填coming。4.tocar

12、e此處考查Sth.+be+adj.+todo結(jié)構(gòu)。注意此處用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。5.tochange根據(jù)語境可知,農(nóng)業(yè)使人們首次體驗(yàn)到科技改變生活的力量,此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語。6.clapping分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并根據(jù)句意可知,此處是havesb.doingsth.結(jié)構(gòu),故填clapping。7.found此處表示在荷蘭海灘上發(fā)現(xiàn)的一塊石頭。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,主句謂語為suggests,主句主語為Apieceof.beach,設(shè)空處需用非謂語,find和stone之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。故填found。pared分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞,且compare與邏輯主語oldgen

13、erations是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故填paredto也可看作固定結(jié)構(gòu),意為與相比,作狀語。9.listeninglisten與其邏輯主語we之間是主謂關(guān)系,此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing作伴隨狀語。,10.Learning句意:學(xué)會(huì)批判性地思考是當(dāng)今兒童未來所需的一項(xiàng)重要技能。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是is,is之前的內(nèi)容是主語,故此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing短語作主語,表示一般性的陳述概念,故用動(dòng)詞-ing。11.dyingreduceonesriskof.意為降低某人的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),介詞of后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語。12.toimprove句意:玉米(產(chǎn)量)增加的另一個(gè)原因:為了改善水質(zhì),政府鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民種玉米代替水稻

14、。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。一、單句填空1.changing句意:在不同的場(chǎng)合穿著恰當(dāng)?shù)囊路欠浅Ｖ匾?盡管這意味著一天要換五六次衣服。meandoingsth.意味著做某事,符合句意。第3頁共4頁2.toeat句意:隨著越來越多的人決定不吃肉和動(dòng)物制品,素食主義在英國正成為一種上升趨勢(shì)。decide(not)todosth.決定(不)做某事,為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。3.toprotect句意:我們還可以提醒青少年,我們應(yīng)該洗手并且遵從其他健康建議,不僅為了保護(hù)自己,也為了幫助緩解壓力?？崭袼诰湟延兄^語,故空處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意,此處表示目的。notonly.bu

15、talso.連接兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞不定式短語作目的狀語。4.published句意:根據(jù)發(fā)表在美國臨床營養(yǎng)學(xué)雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究,飲食中食用較多紅肉或加工肉類的人死于長期疾病的概率更高?？仗幾骱笾枚ㄕZ修飾research,publish與其邏輯主語research之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,用過去分詞,表示被發(fā)表。5.tobeinformed逗號(hào)前的句子中已有謂語動(dòng)詞arrived,逗號(hào)后無連詞,故空格處用非謂語動(dòng)詞;根據(jù)語境以及空前的only可知,空處用不定式作結(jié)果狀語表示一種意料之外的結(jié)果。inform與句子主語histeam為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用不定式的被動(dòng)式。6.led;bringing分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知

16、,Aninternationalteam為主語,hasdeveloped為謂語,句中已有主謂結(jié)構(gòu),所以設(shè)空處均應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞。因team與lead為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用其過去分詞作后置定語,表示被領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。bring與前面整個(gè)句子所表述的事情為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故用動(dòng)詞-ing作伴隨狀語。7.toexperience句中已有謂語couldnotresist,故空處用非謂語動(dòng)詞;由語境可知,此處用來修飾名詞opportunity,故用不定式作后置定語。8.Considering句意:考慮到詞匯錯(cuò)誤往往會(huì)導(dǎo)致交際障礙,教師應(yīng)該格外關(guān)注學(xué)生的詞匯錯(cuò)誤。consideringthat為固定結(jié)構(gòu),意為考慮到,就而論。9.studyingspendtime(in)doingsth.為固定句型,意為花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事。此處省略了介詞in,更要注意要用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。10.tostudy句意:他鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué),為中國的發(fā)展作貢獻(xiàn)。此處考查encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事,因此空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)。