2022高考英語一輪總復習選修8Unit22EnvironmentalProtection學案含解析北師大版

1、2022高考英語一輪總復習選修8Unit22EnvironmentalProtection學案含解析北師大版2022高考英語一輪總復習選修8Unit22EnvironmentalProtection學案含解析北師大版PAGE 2022高考英語一輪總復習選修8Unit22EnvironmentalProtection學案含解析北師大版選修8Unit22EnvironmentalProtection(主題語境：人與自然-環(huán)境保護）核心考點課堂突破1。reservevi。儲備；保存;保留；預訂n。保護區(qū);儲備;保留;儲備金;儲藏量教材原句Breweries are often built in na

2、ture reserves。（P5）啤酒廠通常建在自然保護區(qū)中。語境巧練用所給詞的適當形式填空To attend the grand ceremony，youd better make a (reserve) online before Friday.The government is planning to set up more nature (reserve)。完成句子大廳前排座位是留給要被授獎的杰出人物的.The seats in the front parts of the hallthe outstanding figures to be awarded.考點必記reserve s

3、th for sb為某人保留/預定某物a nature reserve自然保護區(qū)in reserve貯存；備用reservation n。保留;預訂(房間、座位等)make a reservation預訂（座位、房間等）without reservation毫無保留地寫作佳句I recommend him to you without reservation，as I believe you will appreciate his ability in this field。我毫無保留地向你推薦他,因為我相信，你會賞識他在這一領域的能力。2.trapvt。使困住,誘騙,使陷入困境n。陷阱,圈套

4、教材原句Because of the greenhouse effect，the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere。（P5）由于溫室效應,困在大氣層中的氣體使得地球變暖。語境巧練單句語法填空By questioning he trapped the thief making a confession。 （trap） in ruins,the little girl still kept calm，wearing a smile and waiting to be rescued.完成句子孫濤困在了一棵果樹上，所以許多同學都來幫

5、他.(2020全國卷,書面表達)Sun Taoon a fruit tree,so many of his classmates lent him a hand?？键c必記trap sb into doing sth誘騙某人做某事be trapped in被困在set/lay a trap設置陷阱，布下圈套fall/walk into a trap落入圈套/陷阱fall into the trap of doing sth掉進做的陷阱寫作佳句Dont fall into the trap of signing something without reading it carefully firs

6、t。不要沒仔細看就簽字,小心上當。3.beyondprep.超出adv.在遠處教材原句In the last few decades，scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earths climatesomething previously seen as beyond our control.（P6)最近幾十年,科學家們一致認為,人類正在引起地球的氣候變化-而這在以前看來是我們不能控制的.語境巧練單句語法填空A person，when challe

7、nged，can often do what is his ability。完成句子然而，超過某一點，進一步的壓力將只會導致疲憊、疾病,最終導致崩潰。，though,further stress will only lead to exhaustion,illness and finally a breakdown.小話題寫作這樣的社會活動給我們帶來的益處是我們無法描述的。 （2019北京卷，書面表達）The benefits such social activities bring to us are quite ?？键c必記beyond control無法控制beyond words/spe

8、ech難以言表,無法形容beyond compare無與倫比的beyond midnight午夜以后beyond sbs power某人力所不及的beyond ones imagination/description超乎想象/無法描述beyond belief/doubt令人難以置信/毫無疑問beyond repair/reach無法修理/夠不著Its beyond me why/what.。我無法理解為什么/什么寫作佳句How an eightyear-old boy can know anything about that is beyond me.一名八歲的男孩竟然熟知那樣的事情是我所不

9、能理解的。4.claimvt。&n。(根據(jù)權利)要求，索賠；認領；聲稱教材原句They claim that in the last 50 years，gases pumped into the Earths atmosphere by the factories and vehicles have been speeding up the process of global warming and affecting our climate.(P6）他們聲稱，在過去的五十年間，工廠和汽車排放入大氣層中的氣體加速了全球變暖的進程,影響了我們的氣候.語境巧練單句語法填空Experts in Am

10、erica claimed (develop) the vaccines for the epidemic,which at last proved to have flaws.A letter appeared in TheTimes claiming Fleming the discoverer of penicillin。Children in fact have no claim their parents support for their purchasing a house.完成句子如果貨物有損壞，你可以要求退款。You can if the goods are damaged。

11、考點必記claim to do sth聲稱要做某事claim sth認領某物claim.。.as。聲稱是claim back要求收回；索回lay claim to聲稱對的擁有權have no claim on/to sth沒有對要求的權利;無資格得到make a claim for對（賠償?shù)?提出要求寫作佳句Fred claimed to have done the work without help.弗雷德聲稱未借助外力而完成了這項工作。5.relevantadj.有關的;切題的教材原句.how is it relevant to our lives？（P6）它是怎樣和我們的生活息息相關的呢

12、?語境巧練單句語法填空The professor sometimes makes remarks that are not relevant his topic。Be sure to stay on topic and not offer （relevant） information.（2019全國卷，七選五)小話題寫作上一封信中,你問過我如何在中國朋友家做客，現(xiàn)在,我寫信告訴你一些相關細節(jié)。In your last letter，you asked me about being a guest to a Chinese friends home.Now,I am writing to 。（2

13、018全國卷，書面表達）考點必記relevant information相關信息relevant details相關細節(jié)be relevant to和有關（=have sth to do with）relevance n.相關，貼切，關聯(lián)性relevantly adv.有關地；切題地irrelevant adj。不相關的名師點津表示“與有關”的方式:be connected/concerned/associated withbe linked to/withbe related tobe in relation tobe in connection withbe to do withhave

14、sth to do with6。advocatevt.主張,提倡n.提倡者，倡導者；擁護者教材原句Experts advocate that each person play their part.(P6)專家們倡議每個人都發(fā)揮自己的作用.語境巧練用所給詞的適當形式填空At that moment Chinas government advocated everyone （wear) their masks while traveling out.Now many people advocate （eat） fruits and vegetables rather than meat.小話題寫

15、作上周末我們班長主張我們去農(nóng)場摘西瓜，這是一次極好的經(jīng)歷.（2020全國卷,書面表達）Last weekend our monitor advocated thaton the farm,which was a fantastic experience?？键c必記advocate that。.(should）do sth主張/提倡應該做advocate doing sth提倡做某事an advocate of/for sb/sth支持某人/某事的人advocacy n.擁護寫作佳句Some high school teachers strongly advocate the reform of

16、the current educational system to make students develop in an all-round way.一些高中教師強烈主張改革現(xiàn)有的教育體系，以使學生得到全面發(fā)展。7.substituten.代替者;代替品,代用品vt。代替，取代教材原句After all，theres no substitute for our Earth.(P6)畢竟,我們的地球沒有替代品。語境巧練單句語法填空If we substitute a number each letter,the message “Meet me would read “13 5 5 20 13

17、 5”。You should make it clear that vitamin pills are not substitute healthy diet.完成句子愛情、友情、知識、健康,所有這些都是無價的，是金錢所無法取代的。Love，friendship，knowledge,health,all these things are priceless things money cant .考點必記a substitute for。.。的代替者（品）substitute for sb/sth(用)代替;取代substitute A for B/substitute B with/by A用

18、A代替B寫作佳句Punishment might be a must in education,but we can never substitute education with punishment。在教育中懲罰可能是必需的,但我們永遠不能用懲罰代替教育。8。threatenvt。威脅；預示;有的危險經(jīng)典例句He said army officers had threatened to destroy the town。他說軍官們已威脅，要摧毀這座小鎮(zhèn)。語境巧練單句語法填空Wildlife greatly (threat） in the modern age。There are speci

19、es（物種) that are disappearing every day。(2019江蘇卷，完形填空)The incident threatens （ruin） his chances in the election。The fighting is major threat to stability in the region.完成句子戴維嚇唬說要是比爾表現(xiàn)不好他就告訴老師真相.David the teacher the truth if Bill wouldnt behave well.考點必記threaten sb （with sth)揚言要(以某事)威脅/恐嚇threaten to

20、do sth威脅要干某事threaten that.預示兇兆，有危險threat n.威脅;恐嚇;兇兆a threat to.。對是一種威脅寫作佳句Children are sometimes threatened with violence if they dont do what their parents want。小孩子如果沒有做到他們父母想要他們做的有時會受到暴力威脅。9。meansn。方法，手段(單復數(shù)相同，做主語時謂語動詞應根據(jù)其表示的意義來確定）教材原句People in agricultural areas,without any means to earn their li

21、ving，move to the cities，and then construct shabby homes from whatever materials they can find on poor clay soil。(P10）農(nóng)業(yè)地區(qū)的人口因為沒有辦法謀生而流向城市,他們在貧瘠的粘土上用可以找到的任何材料搭建起破爛的房屋。語境巧練單句語法填空But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will，perhaps，be able to find other means adapting.Business managers

22、 are focused on increasing their personal wealth any available means.Could you please switch off all the lights when you leave? all means?？键c必記by all means盡一切辦法；一定;務必;（表示答應)當然可以by any means無論如何by no means絕不;一點也不(放在句首時句子應用部分倒裝語序)by this means用這種方法by means of用/依靠方法名師點津means表示“方式，方法,手段”時,其單復數(shù)同形，當means在句

23、中充當主語時，如果前面有each,every等詞修飾，謂語動詞應用單數(shù)形式，如果前面有many,some,several，few等詞修飾，謂語應用復數(shù)形式。表示“用這種方法”的不同表達：in this way，with this method,by this means等,注意它們介詞的使用不同。10。adoptvt.采納,采用；收養(yǎng)教材原句The Chinese government has adopted several noise control plans and as a result noise pollution levels have improved in recent ye

24、ars.(P12）中國政府已經(jīng)采取了幾項噪音控制計劃,因此近年來噪聲污染水平有所改善.語境巧練單句語法填空The new approach （adopt） turned out very effective.Im talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they (adopt） the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years。（2019天津卷,閱讀理解D篇)小話題寫作蔡老師總是采用一些獨特的方法，使得

25、他的課堂生動，對我們學生具有吸引力。(2020全國卷,書面表達）Mr。Cai alwaysto make his class lively and appealing to us students?？键c必記adopt an approach/a policy/an attitude/a strategy采取方法/政策/態(tài)度/策略adopt a child收養(yǎng)小孩adoption n.采納,采用;收養(yǎng)adopted adj。被收養(yǎng)的；被采用的寫作佳句The old woman adopted a deserted boy and after a few months he came to ada

26、pt to his new life。那位老太太收養(yǎng)了一位被遺棄的男孩，幾個月后，他適應了新的生活。11。lookahead展望未來教材原句Lookingahead,scientists believe that global warming could be one of the biggest environmental problems facing the 21st century.(P6）展望未來，科學家們認為全球變暖可能是21世紀所面臨的最嚴重的環(huán)境問題之一。語境巧練單句語法填空I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid look

27、ing directly his eyes so he doesnt feel challenged。 (2018全國卷，語法填空）Once I look something on the Internet，I dont need to keep all the details for future use。Two boys were lost and the police were looking the matter.完成句子我們學生都尊敬常老師,因為他總是十分平等而友好地對待我們。（2020全國卷，書面表達)We students allMr。Chang because he alway

28、s treats us equally and kindly.考點必記look back回顧look around環(huán)顧look into調查look out當心；向外看look through瀏覽look forward to期盼look down on/upon輕視,看不起look up to尊敬;仰慕look up抬頭看;查閱look over檢查（身體等)12.referto提到;談及;參考;查閱教材原句Global warming refersto an average increase in the Earths temperature that,in turn,leads to c

29、limate change.（P6）全球變暖指的是地球溫度平均升高，并由此導致氣候發(fā)生變化.語境巧練用所給詞的適當形式填空His judgment and （refer) are decidedly American，as well as his delicate stomach。（2020新高考全國卷，閱讀理解C篇）The trend,then，was toward the “penny paper”-a term （refer) to papers made widely available to the public。(2019全國卷,閱讀理解C篇)小話題寫作有大量的參考書，我經(jīng)常困惑該

30、從中選哪一本。(2018江蘇卷,書面表達)There are which I am often confused to choose from。考點必記refer to the dictionary/notes查字/詞典/筆記reference n.提及;查閱a reference book參考書in reference to關于寫作佳句I am writing to you inreferenceto the job opening in your department。我給你寫信，是關于你所在部門的職位空缺。13.inturn依次，輪流地;反過來教材原句Global warming ref

31、ers to an average increase in the Earths temperature that，inturn，leads to climate change。全球變暖指的是地球溫度平均升高，并由此導致氣候發(fā)生變化.語境巧練單句語法填空Theory is based on practice and turn serves practice.完成句子笑著談論那塊三明治會導致侮辱,這反過來可能會導致暴力.Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults，can lead to violence。Axani在郵件中寫到,他并不尋求任何回報

32、。Axani wrote in his post that he was not looking for anything 。考點必記by turns輪流take turns to do/doing sth輪流做某事Its ones turn to do sth輪到某人做某事詞義精析in turn表示依次、轉而、反過來；in return 作為報答;作為交換（常和介詞for連用）。寫作佳句Inreturn,however，this passage will help you to think like an economist。然而,作為回報,這段文章將幫助你像一位經(jīng)濟學家那樣思考。14。on

33、onesbehalf代表教材原句We need to speak out ontheirbehalf before they disappear for good。（P8)趁它們還沒有永遠消失我們需要代表它們大聲疾呼。語境巧練單句語法填空 behalf of our school,I would like to express our warm welcome to you.完成句子肯不在場，所以我代表他領獎。Ken is not present，so I shall accept the prize。小話題寫作我代表機器人愛好集團，打算邀請您在即將到來的比賽中加入我們的團隊。 (2018天津

34、卷,書面表達)I，the Robotics Hobby Group,intend to invite you to join our team in the coming competition.考點必記on ones behalf=on behalf of sb代表in behalf of sb=in sbs behalf為幫助某人寫作佳句Onbehalfof all my classmates，Id like to deliver a speech to express our appreciation to our teachers。我謹代表我所有的同學，發(fā)表演講以表達我們對老師的感謝.

35、15.given(that）.句型教材原句Given this data,it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.（P6)根據(jù)這一數(shù)據(jù)判斷,人類活動與全球變暖之間的關系似乎不僅僅只是一個巧合。語境巧練完成句子根據(jù)消費者研究雜志上的一項最新研究,同伴飲食的大小和消費習慣都會影響我們的食物攝入量.a recent study in theJournalofConsumerResearch,both the size and c

36、onsumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.如果有足夠的時間和金錢,那些研究者早就能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)這個領域更多的東西了。，the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.考點必記句中given“考慮到,鑒于”是介詞。given后接表示事物性的名詞(短語),并通常位于句首,也可置于句末,且常用逗號與其后面的句子隔開，整個介詞短語在句中做狀語。名師點津表示“考慮到”時,given后還可接that從句。同時，given做

37、形容詞時，表示“規(guī)定的.類似地，considering（顧及;考慮到)，according to（根據(jù)),concerning（關于）等均為介詞.16。stop.。.fromdoingsth句型教材原句How can we stop these disasters from happening?(P6）我們如何才能阻止這些災難的發(fā)生？語境巧練用所給詞的適當形式填空It prevents people who are cut off from society (fall) victim to cheaters。（2020天津卷,完形填空)But our insisting its merely

38、a window has kept them from （attempt) millions of requests to open the door.（2020全國卷，完形填空)小話題寫作作為父母，你不應該過分夸獎你的孩子,因為這會阻止他們嘗試新事物或冒險。(2019浙江卷，概要寫作)As parents，you shouldnt praise your kids too much,which cannew things or taking a risk。考點必記句中stop。from doing表示“阻止做”,其中from可以省略。名師點津類似地，prevent sb (from)doin

39、g sth及keep sb from doing sth也表示“防止/阻止某人做某事”,但keep sb doing sth則表示“讓某人繼續(xù)做某事”。寫作佳句Before the storm arrived,they had done a lot of work to stop their crops frombeing damaged。風暴來臨前他們已經(jīng)做了大量工作,阻止莊稼被破壞。17。Whydo.。?句型教材原句But whywait around for governments to take action？(P6)但是為什么要等著政府來采取行動呢?語境巧練用所給詞的適當形式填空Wh

40、y (bother)？We can stay at home and watch films online。But why (not start） now？完成句子我們對視頻中放入什么內容進行了辯論。We debated over what into the video.考點必記Why do.。.？表示“為什么做呢？”該句型在口語中很常用,其否定形式為Why not do.。.？表示“為什么不做呢?”how,where,when等疑問詞沒有why類似的用法，但它們可以和動詞不定式連用,在句中充當一個成分,而why則沒有此用法。寫作佳句Whynotgo to see the movie MyPe

41、ople，MyHomeland tonight？今晚為什么不去看電影我和我的家鄉(xiāng)？ 18.behometo。.。句型教材原句One of the islands ishometo a giant tortoise named Lonesome George。(P9）其中一個小島是一個叫Lonesome George的巨龜?shù)募覉@.語境巧練單句語法填空Owned by the Hasell family since 1679，home the International Marmalade Festival。（2020全國卷,閱讀理解A篇)完成句子毫無疑問,建于1911年的清華大學是許多杰出人物的

42、發(fā)祥地.Without doubt，Qinghua University founded in 1911 many outstanding figures.考點必記be home to。.。表示“是的家園,是的發(fā)祥地，是的居住地”,在home前不可用冠詞.寫作佳句The mountains here are well protected because they arehometo many endangered birds and animals.這里的山脈受到很好保護,因為它們是許多瀕臨滅絕的鳥類和動物的家園.19.一段時間+haveseen。.句型教材原句The last few yea

43、rs haveseen environmental disasters on a grand scale,and experts are predicting far worse to come.(P10)近幾年一些環(huán)境災難大規(guī)模地出現(xiàn),專家們預測更壞的局面即將來臨。語境巧練完成句子由于中國共產(chǎn)黨的好政策,過去的三十年見證了中國的巨大變化.The last thirty years great changes in China because of the Partys good policy。再往前驅車一小時,我們就可以到達山腳下了。Another hours ride the foot o

44、f the hill.考點必記“一段時間+have seen.。”表示“（時間）見證了”,此處see也可用witness代替。名師點津此處的動詞see使用的是擬人修辭手法。擬人修辭手法把事物人格化，使本來不具備人的動作和感情的動物或植物變得有像人一樣的行為。英語中使用擬人修辭手法的句子，主語通常是表示時間、地點、心愛之物等的名詞，如車、船等。謂語則常是see,witness，find,make,bring,cause，give，experience等.隨堂鞏固遷移運用。單句語法填空1.Dr。Rowan， secretary resigned two weeks ago,has had to d

45、o all his own typing。(2020天津卷，單項填空)2.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain （think） to be about 1.8 million.(2020全國卷,閱讀理解C篇)3.The weak links may thus keep species driving one another to extinction.(2019天津卷，閱讀理解C篇）4。According to most （calculate），race walkers moving at a pace

46、of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories（卡路里） per hour,which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking.(2020全國卷，閱讀理解C篇)5。How can we bridge the everwidening gap that separates us other animals？（2019江蘇卷,完形填空）6.When a predator(掠食動物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(獵

47、物）,the two species strongly (link）.（2019天津卷,閱讀理解C篇)7。Please do not include covers.A list of （refer） must be included.(2019天津卷，閱讀理解A篇）.選詞填空construction,substitutes,financial,answer,preserved,advocated，mountainous,recycledIn nature a lot of natural resources have no 1.。They cant be 2。.Once used up,wel

48、l never get any of them。However,some people tend to waste them for their 3。 benefits。Undoubtedly,humans will 4. for what they have done to nature.In some 5。 areas mountains are not 6。 well because of 7。 and landslides often occur。Its 8. that we humans learn to live in harmony with nature.。根據(jù)漢語提示補全短文內容Last Sunday,I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fair Lake Park。1. (一進入公園,被那兒的美景所吸引，我卻看到了令人不快的一幕).2。 (船上有兩個年輕游客在吃著東西，大聲地談論著、笑著）。3. （他們忽視“請勿亂扔垃圾”牌子的存在而扔著垃圾,沒有意識到他們的行為對美