備戰(zhàn)2021屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)愛尚閱讀話題篇專題08家庭與社會生活含解析

1、備戰(zhàn)2021屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)愛尚閱讀話題篇專題08家庭與社會生活含解析備戰(zhàn)2021屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)愛尚閱讀話題篇專題08家庭與社會生活含解析備戰(zhàn)2021屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)愛尚閱讀話題篇專題08家庭與社會生活含解析專題08 家庭與社會生活【美文閱讀1】Empty Nest SyndromeWhile income worry is a rather common problem of the aged， loneliness is another problem that aged parents may face. Of all the reasons that explain

2、 their loneliness, a large geographical distance between parents and their children is the major one. This phenomenon is commonly known as “Empty Nest Syndrome”。 In order to seek better chances outside their countries, many young people have gone abroad， leaving their parents behind with no clear id

3、ea of when they will return home。 Their parents spend countless lonely days and nights, taking care of themselves， in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay with them. The fact that most of these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies makes it unlikely

4、that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty as they would have if they had not left their countries。 Whatever the case， it has been noted that the values they hold do not necessarily match what they actually do. This geographical and cultural distance also prevents the grown-up children from

5、 providing response in time for their aged parents living by themselves。The situation in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents has been described as “distant parent phenomenon, which is common both in developed countries and in developing countries. Our society has not yet be

6、en well prepared for “Empty Nest Syndrome。空巢綜合征收入焦慮是老年人普遍存在的問題，而孤獨(dú)則是老年父母可能面臨的另一個問題。在所有解釋他們孤獨(dú)的原因中，父母和孩子之間的地理距離是主要原因。這種現(xiàn)象通常被稱為“空巢綜合癥”。為了在國外尋求更好的機(jī)會，許多年輕人出國了，留下的父母不清楚他們什么時候回國.他們的父母花了無數(shù)孤獨(dú)的日日夜夜，照顧自己,希望有一天他們的孩子會回來和他們在一起。事實(shí)上，這些年輕人中的大多數(shù)已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了歐洲化或美國化的社會，這使得他們不太可能像當(dāng)初離開自己的國家時那樣，緊緊抓住責(zé)任的價值。不管是什么情況，人們注意到，它們所持有的價值并不

7、一定與它們實(shí)際所做的相符.這種地理和文化上的距離也阻止了成年兒童及時為他們年邁的父母獨(dú)自生活作出反應(yīng)。成年兒童遠(yuǎn)離父母居住的情況被稱為“遠(yuǎn)親現(xiàn)象”,這種現(xiàn)象在發(fā)達(dá)國家和發(fā)展中國家都很普遍.我們的社會還沒有為“空巢綜合癥”做好準(zhǔn)備。生詞注解:1。 geographical di:grfik()l a.地理（學(xué))的2。 phenomenon finmnn n?，F(xiàn)象，跡象；非凡的人，特殊的事物3。 nest nest n.巢，窩 vi。筑巢4。 syndrome sindrum n。綜合癥狀；一系列表現(xiàn)(事件等）5. response rispns n?；卮?答復(fù);反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)詞匯拓展：1。preve

8、ntfrom【辨析】prevent from， keepfrom和 stopfrom prevent sb. from doing sth. 防止。.做什么（以預(yù)防為主） stop sb. from doing sth.停止.。.做什么（已經(jīng)在做了，要停止） keep sb from doing sth. 制止。.。做(from不可以省略） protect sb。 from being 。保護(hù).。.免遭（強(qiáng)調(diào)“保護(hù))【例句】 1)The teacher wants to stop her students from jumping on the tables. 老師想阻止學(xué)生跳到桌子上去。 2

9、) The teacher put a mat on the floor to prevent students from hurting themselves. 老師在地上鋪上墊子，防止學(xué)生受傷。 3） The manager wants to protect her secretary from being fired。 經(jīng)理不想讓她的秘書被解雇.2.providewith【辨析】 providewith 和supply with 兩者均可表示“供應(yīng)；供給”，指對于缺乏或不足的事物進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充或供給.supply常與tofor或with連用，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：supply sth.tofor sb?；?/p>

10、supply sb。with sth。兩者均可表示“供應(yīng);供給”,指對于缺乏或不足的事物進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充或供給。 provide常與for或with連用，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：provide sth.or sb。或provide sb.with sth。【例句】 1）They supply food tofor the survivors。They supply the survivors with food。 他們供應(yīng)食物給幸存者. 2） He provides food and clothes for his family。He provides his family with food and clothe

11、s. 他給家人提供衣食。語法點(diǎn)撥:The situation in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents has been described as “distant parent phenomenon”, which is common both in developed countries and in developing countries?！練w納】in which grownup children live far away from their aged parents為定語從句，其先行 詞為si

12、tuation。 which is common both in developed countries and in developing countries 為非限制定語從句，其先行詞為distant parent phenomenon. 類似situation，其后定語從句引導(dǎo)詞常用in which或where的還有case, stage， point等。如：The argument has come to a stage where we must sit down and have a heart-toheart talk. 我們目前應(yīng)當(dāng)坐下來好好談?wù)劻?【美文閱讀2】A way t

13、o be with customers In the summer vacation of 1997, I was fixed with a job. I worked as a（n） assistant at Mr。 Breens fruit shop。 The fruit shop did good business. Most of the trade came from the housewives who lived in the neighborhood， but he also had regular customers who arrived outside the shop

14、in cars . Mr Breen knew them all by name and they sometimes even had their order already made up ， always getting me to carry it out to their car. They were clearly long-standing customers ， and I suppose they must have stayed faithful to him because he had promised to sell good quality fruit。 He ha

15、d a way with them I had to admit that. He called every woman “madam” for a start ， even those who clearly were not, but when he said it , it did not sound like flattery 。 It just sounded polite in an oldfashioned way . He was a great chatter as well。 If he did not know them , he would greet them wit

16、h a few words about the weather ， but if he did ， he would ask about their families or make jokes， always cutting his cloth according to his customers. Whatever their bills came to, he always gave them back the few odd pence ， and I am sure they thought he was very generous。 But I thought he was the

17、 opposite. He never threw anything away. He was always looking for something for nothing. 與客戶相處的方式在1997年的暑假，我得到了一份工作。我在布林先生的水果店當(dāng)助理。水果店生意不錯。大部分的交易都來自住在附近的家庭主婦,但他也有一些?？?他們開車來到店外。布林先生知道他們的名字，他們有時甚至已經(jīng)訂好了訂單，總是讓我把訂單送到他們的車上。他們顯然是長期的顧客,我想他們一定對他忠心耿耿,因?yàn)樗饝?yīng)過賣高質(zhì)量的水果.他對他們有辦法-我不得不承認(rèn)。他一開始就叫每個女人為“夫人”，即使那些顯然不是的女人，但當(dāng)

18、他這么說的時候,聽起來并不像是奉承。只是用一種老式的方式聽起來很禮貌。他也是個健談的人。如果他不認(rèn)識他們，他會用幾句話問候他們的天氣，但如果他認(rèn)識他們，他就會問他們的家人或開玩笑，總是根據(jù)顧客的要求來剪裁衣服.不管他們的賬單是多少，他總是把那幾便士還給他們，我相信他們認(rèn)為他很慷慨。但我認(rèn)為他恰恰相反.他從不丟棄任何東西。他總是白白找東西.生詞注解：1. faithful feiful a。忠誠的；盡職的；如實(shí)的，準(zhǔn)確可靠的2。 flattery fltri n。奉承；諂媚的舉動3.odd pence 零錢4。generous denrsa.慷慨的；寬厚的;大量的，豐富的詞匯拓展：promise

19、【導(dǎo)學(xué)】 1) n。 諾言，約定，（有)希望，預(yù)示 make a promise許下諾言 keep ones promise保守諾言 break ones promise打破諾言，說話不算數(shù) 2） v. 允諾，約定,預(yù)示,有可能 promise sb. to do sth。答應(yīng)某人做某事【例句】 1） I dont trust his promise to come for a visit。 我不相信他會如約前來訪問。 2） She has high promise of a pianist。 她大有希望成為鋼琴家。 3)I promise to return your bicycle on

20、good condition。 我答應(yīng)一定完好無損地還你的自行車。語法點(diǎn)撥:1. Whatever their bills came to, he always gave them back the few odd pence【歸納】whatever 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,此處相當(dāng)于no matter what their bills came to. whatever 也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，如: You shouldnt have believed whatever he said。 你本不該相信他所說的一切。2。 He was always looking for something for n

21、othing ?！練w納】be always doing表示“總是在做著，表達(dá)說話人的一種感情，如贊揚(yáng)或者批評 等。如：My students are always studying hard. 我的學(xué)生總是在努力學(xué)習(xí)。 家庭和社會生活是高中新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)主要話題之一，該話題包括人與人之間的關(guān)系、矛盾沖突和問題的解決、社會政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等方面.在高考試題當(dāng)中，社會交往類話題占了較大比例，常以社交禮儀、社會價值觀、文化碰撞等為主題.此話題多包含愛戀、友誼、信任、尊重和感恩等,貼近學(xué)生日常生活，并為他們所熟悉。以這些話題命題有利于促進(jìn)學(xué)生身心健康成長，形成良好的價值觀和積極向上的輿論導(dǎo)向.該話題為高考

22、熱點(diǎn)話題，近幾年的高考英語命題當(dāng)中,各種題型如聽力、完形填空、閱讀理解、七選五、語法填空、短文改錯、書面表達(dá)等該話題頻頻出現(xiàn)，20182020高考試題中均出現(xiàn)過此類話題.特別是，2017年新課標(biāo)卷I的閱讀理解B篇和七選五、2017年新課標(biāo)卷II的短文改錯、2016年全國卷閱讀理解B篇、2016全國卷完形填空、2016年四川卷閱讀理解B篇;2016年北京卷閱讀理解A篇；2013年山東卷完形填空；2012年山東完形填空等?！鞠嚓P(guān)詞匯】I。話題單詞1。abandon vt.拋棄，舍棄，放棄2.abuse vt.虐待;辱罵；濫用3.accompany vt.陪伴；陪同；伴奏4.acquaintance

23、 n.相識(的人)；熟人5.admirable adj.值得贊賞的；可欽佩的6.adopt vt。收養(yǎng)；采用；通過7。ancestor n。祖宗；祖先8.appreciate vt。欣賞；感激9.argue vi。爭辯,爭論10.argument n.爭論,辯論11.associate vt.使聯(lián)合12。attitude n.態(tài)度13。barrier n.屏障，障礙14.beneficial adj.有利的，有幫助的,有用的15.benefit n。益處，好處；v.受益；有益于16。bother vt。打擾；麻煩17.blame vt.責(zé)備,指責(zé)18.bride n。新娘19.bridegro

24、om n。新郎20。bury v.埋葬；埋藏；遮蓋21。close adj.關(guān)系親密的；靠近的22。companion n。同伴；同事；伴侶23。complain v.抱怨；投訴24。condemn vt。譴責(zé)，指責(zé)；宣判25.conflict n。沖突26.congratulate vt。祝賀27.congratulation n.祝賀28.conscience n。良心;良知29。cooperate vi。合作30。colleague n。同事；同僚31.divorce vt. 離婚32。direct v。管理;指揮33。enthusiastic adj.熱情的34.familiar ad

25、j。熟悉的35。friction n。摩擦36.friendly adj.友好的37.forgive vt.原諒38。generation n。代;世代;一代人39.grateful adj。感激的40.harmony n。和睦;和諧41.harmonious adj.和諧的42.headmaster n。（中小學(xué))校長43.headteacher n。班主任；(中小學(xué)）校長44。household n。一家人;家庭45。junior n。年幼者；低年級學(xué)生46。merciful adj.寬大的；仁慈的47。misunderstand vt.誤會;不理解48。modest adj.謙虛的；謙遜

26、的49。neighbourhood n。社區(qū);街坊50。nephew n.侄子；外甥51.partner n.伙伴;搭檔；同伴52.teenager n.青少年53。patient adj。有耐心的54。patiently adv。耐心地;有毅力地55.politely adv.禮貌地56。precious adj。珍貴的57.prejudice n.偏見,成見58。private adj。私人的；個人的；私有的;秘密的；私立的59.promote vt.促進(jìn)；提升60。quarrel n.& vi。爭吵;吵架61。relative n。親戚62。relationship n。關(guān)系63。rel

27、iable adj。可信賴的,可靠的64。respect vt.尊重；尊敬65.respectful adj.恭敬的，有禮貌的66.senior n。年長者；高年級學(xué)生67。separate v。使分離，分開68.share vt。分享；合用;分?jǐn)?；n。股份；份額69.sincere adj。真誠的70.tension n。緊張局勢71.tolerance n。忍受72。treat vt。& vi。治療；對待；n?？畲齀I。話題短語1。a lack of understanding缺乏理解2.be concerned for/about對擔(dān)心/關(guān)心3。be familiar to為所熟悉4。b

28、e in harmony with。.與和諧相處/協(xié)調(diào)5.be on good terms（與某人)關(guān)系好6.be tolerant with包容7。be to blame應(yīng)受責(zé)備8。break up分手；解散；結(jié)束9.bring up養(yǎng)育；撫養(yǎng)；教育10.care for喜歡11。depend/rely on依靠,相信,信賴12。fit in with與相適應(yīng)/合得來13。get on/along well with sb。與某人相處融洽14。get in touch with與取得聯(lián)系15。go wrong出毛病；失敗16。have。.in common有共同之處17。have words

29、 with與發(fā)生口角18.keep cool保持冷靜19.keep in touch with與保持聯(lián)系20.look down upon/on鄙視，看不起21.make up和解22。share feelings and ideas with與分享情感和想法23.show respect for尊重24。split up分開；分手25.see sb.off為某人送行26.turn down拒絕27.watch out當(dāng)心28.wave sb。 goodbye向某人揮手告別29。wish sb. a pleasant journey祝某人旅途愉快III。話題佳句1.I didnt realiz

30、e the importance of cooperating with others until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school.直到上高中我被選為班長時我才意識到與他人合作的重要性.2.Just as the saying goes, One tree doesnt make a forest”， our success is based on cooperating with others。正如諺語所言：獨(dú)木難成林”，我們的成功是建立在與他人合作的基礎(chǔ)上的.3。We should be kind to

31、 one another， which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)彼此友善，這對于享受和諧的生活是絕對必要的。4.With friendship， life is happy and harmonious. Without friendship, life is hostile and unfortunate.擁有友誼，生活就會快樂又和諧；沒有友誼,生活就會充滿敵意與不幸。5。As far as Im concerned, to build a good relationship, we should trust each o

32、ther first。就我個人而言,要建立良好的關(guān)系，我們首先應(yīng)該彼此信任.6.As is known to us all, children spend less time having heart？to？heart talks with their parents when they grow older.眾所周知，當(dāng)孩子們長大的時候，他們與他們的父母進(jìn)行知心交談的時間更少了。7。As we all know， making friends can help us establish good interpersonal relationships, and build a harmoni

33、ous society.眾所周知,交友有助于我們建立良好的人際關(guān)系，也有利于構(gòu)建和諧社會。8.It was your help and kindness that made my study and life in the UK special and enjoyable。正是你的幫助和熱心讓我在英國的學(xué)習(xí)和生活既特別又快樂。9.I hope we can stay in touch with each other so that we can communicate with each other to know more about the Chinese and British cult

34、ure。我希望我們之間能相互保持聯(lián)系，這樣我們就可以相互交流，從而了解更多的中國和英國的文化.10.Therefore， we should keep calm no matter what happens in the future. Only in this way can we deal with things correctly and maintain our friendship.因此，不管將來發(fā)生什么事情我們都應(yīng)該保持冷靜，只有用這種方式我們才能恰當(dāng)?shù)靥幚韱栴}并維護(hù)好我們的友誼.IV.連句成篇1。 一個獲得過諾貝爾獎的作家在他15歲的時候過著非常艱苦的生活.（定語從句）2. 為了

35、照顧生病的母親，他不得不靠為報紙寫文章謀生。3. 他的老板對他要求非常嚴(yán)格，這導(dǎo)致了一個事實(shí),即他在寫作方面很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。（非限制性定語從句，同位語從句）4。 他的一本書獲得了2010年最佳暢銷書稱號,并得到了全世界的關(guān)注.5。 很多人情不自禁地學(xué)習(xí)他的樂觀精神，所以他的成功給我們樹立了好榜樣.A writerwhowon the Nobel Prize led a very tough life at the age of 15. Therefore, in order to look after his sick mother， he had to earnhis living by writ

36、ing articles for a newspaper.However， his boss was very strict with him， which resulted in a fact that he was experienced in writing.To his delight， one of his books was given the title of The Best Seller in 2010, and got the worlds attention.As a result，many people couldnt help learning his positiv

37、e spirit, so his successset a good example to us. I.閱讀理解閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAfter 21 years of marriage， my wife wanted me to take another woman out to dinner and a movie。 She said， I love you, but I know this other woman loves you too， and she would love to spend some time with you。 Th

38、e other woman that my wife wanted me to visit was my MOTHER， who has been a widow for 19 years, but the demands of my work and my three children had made it possible to visit her only occasionally. That night I called to invite her to go out for dinner and a movie. Whats wrong， are you well？ she ask

39、ed. My mother is the type of woman who suspects that a late night call or a surprise invitation is a sign of bad news.I thought that it would be pleasant to spend some time with you, I responded。 Just the two of us. She thought about it for a moment， and then said， I would like that very much。 That

40、Friday after work, as I drove over to pick her up， I was a bit nervous. When I arrived at her house, I noticed that she， too, seemed to be nervous about our date。 She waited in the door with her coat on. We went to a restaurant that, although not elegant, was very nice and cozy. My mother took my ar

41、m as if she were the First Lady. After we sat down, I had to read the menu. Her eyes could only read large print. Halfway through the entries, I lifted my eyes and saw Mom sitting there staring at me。 A nostalgic smile was on her lips. During the dinner， we had an agreeable conversation-nothing extr

42、aordinary but catching up on recent events of each others life. We talked so much that we missed the movie。As we arrived at her house later, she said, Ill go out with you again， but only if you let me invite you。 I agreed.A few days later， my mother died of a massive heart attack。 It happened so sud

43、denly that I didnt have a chance to do anything for her. Some time later, I received an envelope with a copy of a restaurant receipt from the same place mother and I had dined。 An attached note said： I paid this bill in advance. I wasnt sure that I could be there； but nevertheless, I paid for two pl

44、ates - one for you and the other for your wife。 You will never know what that night meant for me. I love you, son。 At that moment， I understood the importance of saying in time: I LOVE YOU and to give our loved ones the time that they deserve. Nothing in life is more important than your family。 Give

45、 them the time they deserve， because these things cannot be put off till some other time。1。When the mother heard it was the sons call, she was _。A.surprisedB.worriedC。suspiciousD。puzzled2.What did the mother mainly talk about to the author during the dinner？A。Her life after the authors marriage.B.He

46、r memory about the author as a child.C。Her life since the authors last visit.D.Her expectation about future reunions。3。Whats the purpose of the authors writing this passage？A.To teach us how to cherish our family。B。To tell us to enjoy the present life。C。To convey the importance of showing respect fo

47、r our parents.D。To warn us not to put off what we should do till some time later。4.Whats the best title of the passage?A.Mothers loveB。Next to neverC。Precious unionD。A special dateBI was telling my boy Sonny the story of the hare and the tortoise. In the end ,I said， “ Son, remember： Be slow and ste

48、ady， and that will win the race。 Dont you think theres something to learn from the tortoise?”Sonny opened his eyes wide， “Do you mean next time when Im entering for the 60metre race I should wish that Billy, Tony and Sandy would all fall asleep halfway？I was shocked, “But the tortoise didnt wish tha

49、t the hare would fall asleep！“He must have wished that， Sonny said, “Otherwise how could he be so foolish as to race with the hare？ He knew very well the hare ran a hundred times faster than he himself did?！薄癏e didnt have such a wish,” I insisted. “He won the race by perseverance (堅忍不拔的）， by pushing

50、 on steadily.Sonny thought a while。 “Thats a lie,” he said. “He won it because he was lucky。 If the hare hadnt happened to fall asleep, the tortoise would never have won the race. He could be as steady as you like, or a hundred times steadier， but hed never have won the race. Thats for sure。I gave u

51、p。 Todays children are not like what we used to be. Theyre just hopeless.5.The writer argued with his son because _.A。he liked tortoises while his son liked haresB.they disagreed about whether the tortoise was foolishC.he tried to teach his son a moral （品德） lesson but the son had totally different o

52、pinionD.he liked the story of the hare and the tortoise while his son didnt。6。Sonny believed that the tortoise _.A.won the race by his own hard workingB.took a risk by agreeing to run a raceC。was not given a fair chance in the raceD.in fact did win the race luckily7。Billy， Tony and Sandy must be_。A。

53、boys who were unknown to Sonnys fatherB.boys who Sonny has run races with beforeC.boys who Sonny has never raced with beforeD。boys who Sonny did not expect to race with again8.According to the passage, who do you think learnt a lesson?A。The tortoiseB.SonnyC.The hareD。Sonnys fatherC Its 13：30 and 28-

54、yearold Marten Pella s smart phone starts pinging, a signal that its time for us to stop working around his living room table and instead start our workout routine together. A cartoon character wearing bright red shorts on video begins instructing us to do star-jumps and situps around his apartment.

55、Pella， a research assistant at Stockholm University, is part of the Hoffice movement, which invites workersfreelancers（自由職業(yè)者)or full-time employees who can do their jobs remotelyto work at each others homes to increase productivity and enjoy an active social life。Those attending Hoffice events adver

56、tised on Facebook are typically asked to work silently in 45-minute blocks, before taking short breaks together to exercise， or simply chatting over a coffee。 In addition, each participant shares daily objectives with the rest of the group upon arrival， and is invited to report back on whether or no

57、t they have achieved them at the end of the day?！癘ften when I am alone, I can work focused for a couple of hours but then Im easily distracted（分心）。The help of others makes me so much more disciplined。” says Pella, who attends Hoffice events as both a guest and a host. Lunches mean networking and con

58、necting with new contacts。 “People are coming from really different areas and have different professions so there can be really interesting discussions，” he says.The Hoffice movement has grown quickly since it was founded in 2014 by Swedish psychologist Christofer Franzen, now 37。 He had been giving

59、 lectures on the benefits of collective（集體的）intelligence， but realised he was spending most of his own time working alone at his kitchen table. “I wanted to test more structured home coworking with friends in similar situations，” he says。Franzen says that holding events in houses and apartments crea

60、tes a unique atmosphere， because theres a sense of community and desire to contribute。 Hes looking for ways to expand the social value of Hoffice, by matching up members with relevant skills to share and even encouraging jobseekers to join its gatherings.9.Where is Pella when his smart phone starts