2022-2023學(xué)年安徽省亳州市臨湖中心中學(xué)高二英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析

1、2022-2023學(xué)年安徽省亳州市臨湖中心中學(xué)高二英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析一、 選擇題1. When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster , many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.A. in terms of B. in need of C. in favour of D. in praise of參考答案：C2. All the events of the Olympic Games were broadcast _ on TV.A. alive

2、B. lively C. live D. living參考答案：C略3. Generally speaking，the speaker would make a（an） _ selfintroduction before beginning his topic（）AaccurateBoriginalCactualDbrief參考答案：D考查形容詞詞意的辨析，accurate準(zhǔn)確的，精確的，original原始的，actual實(shí)際的，真實(shí)的，brief簡(jiǎn)短的，根據(jù)句意演講者在開(kāi)始他的話題之前會(huì)做一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的自我介紹可知答案為D4. _ at the top of the Oriental Towe

3、r, people below will look very small.A. StandB. StandingC. To standD. If you stand參考答案：D5. Last Sunday，my cousin sent me an e-mail _me to his birthday party. A. invited B. inviting C. to invite D. having invited參考答案：B6. There was a knock at the door. It was the second time that someone _ me that eve

4、ning.A. to have interruptedB. would interruptC. had interruptedD. has interrupted參考答案：C7. Students are encouraged to _ the design competition for robots at the university. A. take part B. operate C. join to D. participate in參考答案：D8. - My father is coughing heavily. - Youd better_. Its bad for his he

5、alth. A. force him to stop to smokeB. forbid him smokingC. discourage him from smoking D. warn him against smoking參考答案：C略9. Recent years have _ the rapid development of the Internet and its influence on society and people. A. watched B. observed C. witnessed D. realized參考答案：C10. The food is to the b

6、lood reading is to the mind.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. what參考答案：D11. _in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. AWhat is required BWhat requiresCIt is required DIt requires參考答案：C略12. In _ gesture to help preserve history, the locals are repairing _

7、large percentage of the historic sites steadily.A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. /; the參考答案：B略13. It was a time _ she could not bear the pain and wanted to give up.A. which B. that C. what D. when 參考答案：D14. The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers.A. to solving; making B. to so

8、lving; madeC. to solve; makingD. to solve; made參考答案：B15. As he was getting the horse ready to ,he found that the road was blocked.A.set up B.set off C.set about D.set aside參考答案：B28. The town official broke _ for working over time in the search for the trapped people after the earthquake. A. out B. a

9、way C. down D. into參考答案：C略17. The girl becomes_beautiful.A. better B. more and the moreC. more and more D. the more參考答案：C句意：那女孩變得越來(lái)越漂亮。表示本身的程度的改變，用“比較級(jí)and比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。18. The leading doctor insisted that the injured person _ operated at once, _ turned out to be correct. A. be; which B. was; that C. would

10、be; which D. be; what參考答案：A二、 短文改錯(cuò)19. 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌修改作文， 請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有十處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤， 每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加， 刪除， 或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)()，并在下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線( )劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該詞下面寫(xiě)出改正后的詞。注意： 每處錯(cuò)誤及修改均僅限一次; 只允許修改10處，多者從第11處起不計(jì)分。 During the 20th century the temperature of earth rose rapidly comparing to o

11、ther natural changes. There is a fierce debate over whether it is human activity which has caused this global warming and it is just a natural phenomenon.Many scientists believed that people have caused the increase in the earths temperature through the burning of fossil fuels. Some byproduct of thi

12、s process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most importantly one being carbon dioxide.When they burn fossil fuels , we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The increased amount of carbon dioxide means that more heat energy is trapping in the atmosphere ，causing the globa

13、l temperature to rise. Scientists believe that the burning of more and more fossil fuels has resulted at this increase in carbon dioxide.參考答案：During the 20th century the temperature of earth rose rapidly comparing to other the/Earth comparednatural changes. There is a fierce debate over whether it i

14、s human activity which thathas caused this global warming and it is just a natural phenomenon.orMany scientists believed that people have caused the increase in the earths believetemperature through the burning of fossil fuels. Some byproduct of this process byproductsare called “greenhouse” gases,

15、the most importantly one being carbon dioxide.ImportantWhen they burn fossil fuels , we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into wethe atmosphere. The increased amount of carbon dioxide means that more heat energy is trapping in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to rise. trappedS

16、cientists believe that the burning of more and more fossil fuels has resulted at this inincrease in carbon dioxide.三、 閱讀理解20. The relationship between exercise and cancer has long both intrigued and puzzled oncologists and exercise physiologists.Exercise is strongly associated with lowered risks for

17、 many types of cancer. At the same time, exercise involves biological stress, which typically leads to a short-term increase in inflammation(發(fā)炎)which can contribute to higher risks for many cancers.Now, a new study in mice may offer some clues into the exercise-cancer paradox. It suggests that exerc

18、ise may change how the immune system deals with cancer by boosting adrenaline(腎上腺素), certain immune cells and other chemicals that, together, can reduce the severity of cancer or fight it off altogether.To try to better understand how exercise can both elevate inflammation and simultaneously protect

19、 the body against cancer, scientists at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark and other institutions decided to closely examine what happens inside mice at high risk for the disease.So, for the new study, they began by gathering a group of adult lab mice. These animals generally like to run.The sc

20、ientists then implanted melanoma (黑素瘤) skin cancer cells into the mice before providing half of them with running wheels in their cages while the other animals remained sedentary. After four weeks, far fewer of the runners had developed full-blown melanoma than the sedentary mice and those that had

21、been diagnosed with the disease showed fewer and smaller lesions.They drew blood from both the exercising and sedentary animals and cells from any tumors in both groups. As expected, they found much higher levels of the hormone adrenaline in the blood of the exercising animals, especially right afte

22、r they had been working out on the wheels but also at other times of the day. The body releases adrenaline in response to almost any type of stressful experience, including exercise.They also found higher levels of interleukin-6 in the blood of the runners. This is a substance that is released by wo

23、rking muscles and is believed to both increase and decrease inflammation in the body, depending on where and how it goes to work.Perhaps most important, they found much higher numbers in the bloodstreams of runners than in the sedentary mice of a type of immune cell named natural killer cells that a

24、re known to be strong cancer fighters.So the scientists repeated their original experiment multiple times, inducing cancer while allowing some mice to run and others to sit. In some of these follow-up experiments, the scientists injected the runners with a substance that blocked the production of ad

25、renaline and gave sedentary animals large doses of added adrenaline.What they now found was that when running mice could not produce adrenaline, they developed cancer at the same rate as the sedentary animals, while the sedentary animals that had been injected with extra adrenaline fought off their

26、tumors better than other sitting mice.More remarkably, the scientists determined that adrenaline seemed to be sending biochemical signals to some of the animals IL-6 cells, making them physiologically more alert, so that when a tumor began to develop in the affected animal, those IL-6 cells in turn

27、activated the natural killer cells in the bloodstream and actually directed them to the tumors, like minute guide fish.With these results, “we show that voluntary wheel running in mice can reduce the growth of tumors, and we have identified an exercise-dependent mobilization of natural killer cells

28、as the underlying cause of this protection,” said Pernille Hojman, a researcher at the University of Copenhagen who oversaw the new study. It perhaps provides one more incentive for us to get up and move.66. The relationship between exercise and cancer has long puzzled oncologists and exercise physi

29、ologists because _.A. exercise is strongly associated with lowered risks for many types of cancerB. exercise can both elevate inflammation for many cancers and protect the body against cancerC. exercise may change can reduce the severity of cancer or fight it off altogetherD. exercise can increase i

30、n inflammation which can contribute to elevated risks for many cancers67. In the first experiment, which one is the most important result the scientists found?A. Natural killer cells are much more in the bloodstreams of runners than in the sedentary mice.B. Levels of interleukin-6 are higher in the

31、blood of the runners than in the sedentary mice.C. Exercise such as running seemed to help the mice fight against the cancer.D. Adrenaline can reduce the severity of cancer or fight it off.68. What does the underlined word “sedentary” mean?A. runB. moveC. sitD. sleep69. In the follow-up experiments,

32、 the scientists found _.A. the hormone adrenaline has much higher levels in the blood of the exercising animalsB. how these elements in the runners their increased adrenaline, IL-6, and natural killer immune cells fight against tumorC. interleukin-6 can both increase and decrease inflammation in the

33、 body, depending on where and how it goes to workD. what happens inside mice at high risk for the disease that kill the immune cells70. According to the study, we can infer the fundamental substance to fight the cancer off is _.A. adrenalineB. interleukin-6C. natural killer cellsD. genes參考答案：66. B 6

34、7. A 68. C 69. B 70. C【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，科學(xué)家通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)能夠?qū)拱┌Y?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段 “Exercise is strongly associated with lowered risks for many types of cancer. At the same time, exercise involves biological stress, which typically leads to a short-term increase in inflammation(發(fā)炎)which can contribute to highe

35、r risks for many cancers.”可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)和癌癥之間的關(guān)系一直困擾著腫瘤學(xué)家和運(yùn)動(dòng)生理學(xué)家是因?yàn)檫\(yùn)動(dòng)既能提升很多癌癥的炎癥又能保護(hù)身體免于癌癥的侵襲，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“those IL-6 cells in turn activated the natural killer cells in the bloodstream”可知，科學(xué)家們最重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)是IL-6細(xì)胞激活了血液里的自然殺傷細(xì)胞，也就是與久坐不動(dòng)的老鼠相比，運(yùn)動(dòng)的老鼠血液里含有更多的自然殺傷細(xì)胞，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞前的“The scientists then implanted melanoma (黑素瘤) skin cancer cells into the mice before providing half of them with running