汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)習(xí)題集

1、 練習(xí)題一一、單詞互譯（每空1分，共20分）A英譯漢共10題每題一分1、Automobile2、Classification3、Combustion4、Chamber5、Circulate6、Crankshaft7、Antifreeze8、Carburetor9、Mechanics10、AirfuelmixtureB漢譯英共10題每題一分、連桿n.、點(diǎn)燃n.、簡(jiǎn)潔地adv.、（使）旋轉(zhuǎn)v.、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)n.、要求v.、輸送v.、活塞n.、系統(tǒng)n.10、氣缸n.二、詞匯和語(yǔ)法（每小題1分，共20分）1、TheofpistonmovementiscalledTDC（topdeadcenter）.A、up

2、perlimitB、lowerlimitC、limit2、TheofpistonmovementiscalledBDC（bottomdeadcenter）.A、lowerlimitB、upperlimitC、limit3、AispistonmovementfromTDCtoBDCorfromBDCtoTDC.A、strokeB、stageC、state4、The_isrotatedasthepistonispusheddownbythepressureaboveit.A、crankshaftB、crankpinC、break5、Theactionscanbedividedintofoursta

3、ges,orstrokes.A、takenplaceintheenginecylinderB、takingplaceintheenginecylinderC、takeplaceintheenginecylinder6、Inotherwords,thepistoncompletesastrokeitchargesitsdirectionofmotion.A、everytimeB、eachtimeC、eachtimes7、”Stroke”pistonmovement.A、refertoB、referstoC、preferto8、Astrokeoccursthepistonmovesfromonel

4、imitingpositiontotheother.A、whileB、whenC、which9、BythetimethepistonreachesTDC,themixturetoaslittleasone-tenthofitsoriginalvolume,oroverless.A、hadbeencompressedB、hasbeencompressedC、compressed10、Whentheair-fuelmixtureiscompressed,doesthepressureinthecylindergoup,thetemperatureofthemixtureincreases.A、no

5、tonly.butalsoB、notonly.butandC、not.butThecylinderpressureasmuchas3-5Mpaorevenmore.A、goupB、increasesC、addButasthehigherpressuresiscalledupontowithstandverymuchgreaterstresseshigherpressuresincylinders.becauseB.becauseofC.duetoThedieselengineismoreefficient,becauseithighercompressionratio.haveB.hasC.h

6、adThisadvantagepreventsthedieselenginereplacingthegasolineengineinsomeautomobilesandairplanes.toB.forC.fromInanyinternalcombustionengineburningfuelheatsairconsequently.whichB.thatC.whenWeallknowthatdieselengines()workinthesamewayasgasolineenginedo.inprincipleB.inotherwordsC.inturnUpto40percentofthec

7、hemicalenergyoftheburningfuelchangedintomechanicalenergy.willbeB.wouldbeC.maybeAsitwere,intowaitingchargeattherequiredinstant.aB.anC.theIthasmoresubstantialconstructionandisthusheavier.tobeofB.tobeC.tobethatThesameseriesofeventstakeplaceagainandcontinuetheengineruns.whenB.asC.aslongas三、閱讀與理解(20題，每題2

8、分，共40分)Part1Theactionstakingplaceintheenginecylindercanbedividedintofourstages,orstreferstopistonmovement;astrokeoccurswhenthepistonmovesfromonelimitingpositiontotheother.TheupperlimitofpistonmovementiscalledTDC(topdeadcenter).ThelowerlimitofpistonmovementiscalledBDC(bottomdeadcenter).Astrokeispisto

9、nmovementfromTDCtoBDCorfromBDCtoTDC.Inotherwords,thepistoncompletesastrokeeachtimeitchangesitsdirectionofmotion.Wheretheentirecycleofeventsinthecylinderrequiresfourstrokes(ortwocrankshaftrevolutions),theenginesiscalledafour-stroke-cycleengine,orafour-cycleengine.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,compres

10、sion,power,andexhaust.TOC o 1-5 h zWhatdoweseefromtheparagraphs?()Whatisstroke?Whatisengine?Whatiscylinder?WhichoneStatementistrueaccordingtheabovefirstparagraph?()Afour-stroke-cycleenginemeansthatfourstrokesisrequiredwhenitfinishthewholecycle.AstrokeisnotpistonmovementfromTDCtoBDC,butfromBDCtoTDC.T

11、helowerlimitofpistonmovementiscalledTDC(topdeadcenter).WhatisBDCinthetermofautomobileindustry?()Bottomdeadcenter.Topdeadcenter.NeitherofAandB.WhichoneStatementisTRUEaccordingthelastparagraph?()A.Thefourstrokesoccurintwocrankshaftrevolutions.Thefourstrokesoccurinfourcrankshaftrevolutions.Thefourstrok

12、esoccurinonecrankshaftrevolutions.WhichoneStatementisTUREaccordingthearticle?()A.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,compression,power,andexhaust.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,compression,power,andinhauls.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,combining,power,andexhaust.Part2Powerstroke:AsthepistonreachesTDConthec

13、ompressionstroke,anelectricsparkisproducedatthesparkplug.Theignitionsystemdeliversahigh-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtoproducethespark.Thesparkignites,orsetsfireto,theair-fuelmixture.Itnowbeingstoburnveryrapidly,andthecylinderpressureincreasestoasmuchas3-5Mpaorevenmore.Thisterrificpushagai

14、nstthepistonforcesitdownward,andapowerimpulseistransmittedthroughtheconnectingrodtothecrankpinonthecrankshaft.Thecrankshaftisrotatedasthepistonispusheddownbythepressureaboveit.Whichtopicisfitwiththeparagraph?()A.PowerstrokeCompressionstroke.Exhauststroke.WhichoneStatementisTUREaccordingthearticle?()

15、A.Theterrificpushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward.Theslightpushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward.Thislittlepushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward.Whichwordorphrasecanchangetheword“ignites”?()A.setsfiretoshootsatcharges9.WhichoneStatementisTUREaccordingthearticle?()A.Theignitionsystemdeliversahigh-volta

16、gesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtobeginthespark.Theignitionsystemdeliversalow-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtodefendthespark.Theignitionsystemdeliversaconstant-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtoproducethespark.10.Whentheair-fuelmixturebeingstoburnveryrapidly,howmuchdoesthecylinderp

17、ressureincreaseto?()A.Asmuchas3-5Mpaorevenmore.Asmuchas3-5barorevenmore.About3-5Kpa.Part3Weallknowthatdieselengines,inprinciple,workinthesamewayasgasolineenginesdo.Bothkindsofenginesareinternalcombustionengines,buteachofthemhasitscharacteristicfeatures.Nowletuscomparethedieselenginewiththegasolineen

18、gine.Firstly,theexplosivemixtureofthegasolineengineisprovidedbyacarburetor,butinthecaseofthedieselenginethesupplyisaffectedbyaninjectionor“jerk”pumpwhichforcesa“shot”offuelintoeachcylinderinturnaccordingtothecorrectfiringsequence.Secondly,thefundamentaldifferencebetweengasolineanddieselenginesisthat

19、inthegasolineenginethesourceoftheheatforignitingthecharge,namely,anelectricspark,isgeneratedoutsidetheengine,andistaken,asitwere,intothewaitingchargeattherequiredinstant.Inthedieselenginethesourceofheatforignitingthechargeiscreatedwithintheenginebycompressingpureairtoadegreethatwillinitiatecombustio

20、nandtheninjectingthefuelattherighttimeinrelationtothemovementofthecrankshaft.Whatdoweseefromthefirstparagraph?()A.Dieselenginesworkinthesamemeanasgasolineenginesdo.Dieselenginesdontworkinthesamewayasgasolineenginesdo.EitherofAandB.WhichoneStatementistrueinthearticle?()A.theexplosivemixtureofthegasol

21、ineengineisprovidedbyacarburetor.thefuelsupplyofthedieselengineisaffectedbyaninjectionor“jerk”pump.bothofAandBWhatisthefundamentaldifferencebetweengasolineanddieselengines?()A.Inthegasolineengine,anelectricsparkplugisrequiredinacylinder.Inthedieselengine,anelectricsparkplugisrequiredinacylinder.Both

22、ofAandB.WhichoneStatementistrueinthetermofdieselenginesinthearticle?()A.thedieselenginethesupplyisaffectedbyaninjection.thedieselenginethesupplyisaffectedbyora“jerlp”mpBothAandB.Whichtopicisfitwiththearticle?()Dieselengineoperatingfeatures.Gasolineengineoperatingfeatures.Jerkpumpoperatingfeatures.Pa

23、rt4Bothclassesofenginesareofverysimilarconstruction.Butasthehigherpressureiscalleduponincylinders,ithastobeofmoresubstantialconstruction,andisthusheavier.Ingeneral,thedieselenginemayweighabout9.25kilogramsperkilowatt.Themostimportantadvantageofthegasolineengineisitslowerweightperkilowatt.Thegasoline

24、engineforautomobilesmayweighabout6.17kilogramsperkilowatt,andgasolineenginesforairplanesmayweighas0.77kilogramsperkilowatt.Thisadvantagepreventsthedieselengineformreplacingthegasolineengineinsomeautomobilesandairplanes.Inaddition,theenginerunscoolerthanthegasolineengine.Thisadvantageisespeciallyobvi

25、ousatlowerspeeds.Dieseloilisnotonlycheaperthangasoline,butalsosafertostore.TOC o 1-5 h zWhichoneStatementistrueinthetermofenginesinthearticle?()Bothclassesofenginesareofverysimilarconstruction.Bothclassesofenginesareofalittlesimilarconstruction.BothclassesofenginesareNOTofsimilarconstruction.Howmany

26、kilogramsperkilowattmaythedieselengineweighgenerally?()about9.25about0.77about6.17Whatisthemostimportantadvantageofthegasolineengine?()itslowerweightperkilowatt.itshigherweightperkilowatt.neitherofAandBWhatadvantageisespeciallyobviousatlowerspeedsfordieselengines?.()thedieselenginerunscoolerthantheg

27、asolineengine.thedieselenginerunshotterthanthegasolineengine.thedieselenginerunsharderthanthegasolineengine.WhichoneStatementistrueinthetermofenginesinthearticle?()Dieseloilischeaperthangasoline.Dieseloilissafertostorethangasoline.bothofAandB.四、句子英譯漢（每小題5分，2小題，共10分）1、“Stroke”referstopistonmovement;a

28、strokeoccurswhenthepistonmovesfromonelitotheother.2、Thecylinderpressureincreasestoasmuchas3-5Mpaorevenmore.五、句子漢譯英（每小題5分，共10分）1、換句話說(shuō)，活塞每完成一個(gè)行程，就改變一次其遠(yuǎn)動(dòng)的方向。2、當(dāng)活塞到達(dá)上止點(diǎn)時(shí)，可燃混合氣被壓縮到只有原體積的十分之一，甚至更少。練習(xí)題二一、單詞互譯（每小題1分，共20分）A、英譯漢1、stroke2、limit3、event4、revolve5、valve6、takeplace7、o8、referto9、inotherwords10、byt

29、hetimeB、漢譯英1、密封v.2、火花塞n.3、沖擊、脈動(dòng)v.4、了不起adv.5、推動(dòng)力n.6、少到p.7、甚至更少p.8、不僅.而且p.9、多達(dá)p.10、甚至更多p.二、詞匯和語(yǔ)法（每小題1分，共20分）1、Themixtureisdeliveredtotheengineitisburned.AwhereBwhichCwho2、Theenginerequiresafuelsystemtosupplyitamixtureofairandfuel.AofBoffCwith3、Themotioniscarriedthroughthepowertraintothecarwheelssothat

30、theyrotateandthecarmoves.ArotaryBrevolveCrevolution4、thecylinderpressuretoasmuchas35MPaorevenmore.AraiseB.increaseC.increases5、Inwords,thepistoncompletesastrokeeachtimeitchangesitsdirectionofmotion.AotherBanotherCtheother6、Astrokewhenthepistonmovesfromonelimitingpositiontotheother.AhappenBoccurCoccu

31、rs7、Whentheair-fuelmixtureiscompressednotonlythepressureinthecylindergoup,butthetemperatureofthemixturealsoincreases.AdoBdidCDoes8、thetimethepistonreachesTDC,themixturehasbeencompressedtoaslittleasonetenthofitsoriginalvolume,orevenless.AonBatCby9、Theactionstakingplaceintheenginecylindercanbedividedi

32、ntofour,orstrokes.stageB.periodC.stages10、Theofthelubricatingsystemistosupplyallmovingpartsinsidetheenginewithlubricatingoil.AaimBgoalCpurpose11、Whatshallwedotokeepthepartsfromrust.AgetBgotCgetting12、Thesefivesystemarediscussedinthefollowingsections.AbrieflyBbriefCterse13、Theburningofgasolineinsidet

33、heenginehighpressure.AengenderBproduceCproduces14、Theenginealsoneedsasystem.AcoolantBcoolingCantifreeze15、Theengineisthesourceofpowerthatthewheelsaroundandthecarmove.AmakegoBmakesgotCmakesgo16、ThecoolantgetshotIgoesthroughtheengine.AwhenBwhereCas17、Theautomobileengineisancombustionengine.AinternalBi

34、nsideCinterior18、Thecoolantcontinuallytakeheattheengine.AofBfromCaway19、Theengineafuelsystemtosupplyitwithamixtureofairandfuel.AaskBrequireCrequires20、Theoilkeepsmovingpartsfromwearing.AexcessiveBexcessivelyCover三、閱讀與理解(20題，每題2分，共40分)Part1Theactionstakingplaceintheenginecylindercanbedividedintofours

35、tages,orstrokereferstopistonmovement;astrokeoccurswhenthepistonmovesfromonelimitingpositiontotheother.TheupperlimitofpistonmovementiscalledTDC(topdeadcenter).ThelowerlimitofpistonmovementiscalledBDC(bottomdeadcenter).AstrokeispistonmovementfromTDCtoBDCorfromBDCtoTDC.Inotherwords,thepistoncompletesas

36、trokeeachtimeitchangesitsdirectionofmotion.Wheretheentirecycleofeventsinthecylinderrequiresfourstrokes(ortwocrankshaftrevolutions),theenginesiscalledafour-stroke-cycleengine,orafour-cycleengine.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,compression,power,andexhaust.TOC o 1-5 h zWhatdoweseefromtheparagraphs?()Wha

37、tisstroke?Whatisengine?Whatiscylinder?WhichoneStatementistrueaccordingtheabovefirstparagraph?()Afour-stroke-cycleenginemeansthatfourstrokesisrequiredwhenitfinishthewholecycle.AstrokeisnotpistonmovementfromTDCtoBDC,butfromBDCtoTDC.ThelowerlimitofpistonmovementiscalledTDC(topdeadcenter).WhatisBDCinthe

38、termofautomobileindustry?()Bottomdeadcenter.Topdeadcenter.NeitherofAandB.WhichoneStatementisTRUEaccordingthelastparagraph?()Thefourstrokesoccurintwocrankshaftrevolutions.Thefourstrokesoccurinfourcrankshaftrevolutions.Thefourstrokesoccurinonecrankshaftrevolutions.WhichoneStatementisTUREaccordingthear

39、ticle?()Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,compression,power,andexhaust.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,compression,power,andinhauls.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,combining,power,andexhaust.Part2Powerstroke:AsthepistonreachesTDConthecompressionstroke,anelectricsparkisproducedatthesparkplug.Theignitionsyste

40、mdeliversahigh-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtoproducethespark.Thesparkignites,orsetsfireto,theair-fuelmixture.Itnowbeingstoburnveryrapidly,andthecylinderpressureincreasestoasmuchas3-5Mpaorevenmore.Thisterrificpushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward,andapowerimpulseistransmittedthroughtheconne

41、ctingrodtothecrankpinonthecrankshaft.Thecrankshaftisrotatedasthepistonispusheddownbythepressureaboveit.Whichtopicisfitwiththeparagraph?()PowerstrokeCompressionstroke.Exhauststroke.WhichoneStatementisTUREaccordingthearticle?()Theterrificpushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward.Theslightpushagainstthepist

42、onforcesitdownward.Thislittlepushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward.Whichwordorphrasecanchangetheword“ignites”?()A.setsfiretoshootsatcharges9.WhichoneStatementisTUREaccordingthearticle?()Theignitionsystemdeliversahigh-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtobeginthespark.Theignitionsystemdeliversalow

43、-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtodefendthespark.Theignitionsystemdeliversaconstant-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtoproducethespark.10.Whentheair-fuelmixturebeingstoburnveryrapidly,howmuchdoesthecylinderpressureincreaseto?()Asmuchas3-5Mpaorevenmore.Asmuchas3-5barorevenmore.About3-5K

44、pa.Part3Weallknowthatdieselengines,inprinciple,workinthesamewayasgasolineenginesdo.Bothkindsofenginesareinternalcombustionengines,buteachofthemhasitscharacteristicfeatures.Nowletuscomparethedieselenginewiththegasolineengine.Firstly,theexplosivemixtureofthegasolineengineisprovidedbyacarburetor,butint

45、hecaseofthedieselenginethesupplyisaffectedbyaninjectionor“jerk”pumpwhichforcesa“shot”offuelintoeachcylinderinturnaccordingtothecorrectfiringsequence.Secondly,thefundamentaldifferencebetweengasolineanddieselenginesisthatinthegasolineenginethesourceoftheheatforignitingthecharge,namely,anelectricspark,

46、isgeneratedoutsidetheengine,andistaken,asitwere,intothewaitingchargeattherequiredinstant.Inthedieselenginethesourceofheatforignitingthechargeiscreatedwithintheenginebycompressingpureairtoadegreethatwillinitiatecombustionandtheninjectingthefuelattherighttimeinrelationtothemovementofthecrankshaft.What

47、doweseefromthefirstparagraph?()Dieselenginesworkinthesamemeanasgasolineenginesdo.Dieselenginesdontworkinthesamewayasgasolineenginesdo.EitherofAandB.WhichoneStatementistrueinthearticle?()theexplosivemixtureofthegasolineengineisprovidedbyacarburetor.B.thefuelsupplyofthedieselengineisaffectedbyaninject

48、ionor“jerk”pump.C.bothofAandBWhatisthefundamentaldifferencebetweengasolineanddieselengines?()Inthegasolineengine,anelectricsparkplugisrequiredinacylinder.Inthedieselengine,anelectricsparkplugisrequiredinacylinder.BothofAandB.WhichoneStatementistrueinthetermofdieselenginesinthearticle?()thedieselengi

49、nethesupplyisaffectedbyaninjection.thedieselenginethesupplyisaffectedbyora“jerk”pumpBothAandB.Whichtopicisfitwiththearticle?()Dieselengineoperatingfeatures.Gasolineengineoperatingfeatures.Jerkpumpoperatingfeatures.Part4Bothclassesofenginesareofverysimilarconstruction.Butasthehigherpressureiscalledup

50、onincylinders,ithastobeofmoresubstantialconstruction,andisthusheavier.Ingeneral,thedieselenginemayweighabout9.25kilogramsperkilowatt.Themostimportantadvantageofthegasolineengineisitslowerweightperkilowatt.Thegasolineengineforautomobilesmayweighabout6.17kilogramsperkilowatt,andgasolineenginesforairpl

51、anesmayweighas0.77kilogramsperkilowatt.Thisadvantagepreventsthedieselengineformreplacingthegasolineengineinsomeautomobilesandairplanes.Inaddition,theenginerunscoolerthanthegasolineengine.Thisadvantageisespeciallyobviousatlowerspeeds.Dieseloilisnotonlycheaperthangasoline,butalsosafertostore.TOC o 1-5

52、 h zWhichoneStatementistrueinthetermofenginesinthearticle?()Bothclassesofenginesareofverysimilarconstruction.Bothclassesofenginesareofalittlesimilarconstruction.BothclassesofenginesareNOTofsimilarconstruction.Howmanykilogramsperkilowattmaythedieselengineweighgenerally?()about9.25about0.77about6.17Wh

53、atisthemostimportantadvantageofthegasolineengine?()itslowerweightperkilowatt.itshigherweightperkilowatt.neitherofAandBWhatadvantageisespeciallyobviousatlowerspeedsfordieselengines?.()thedieselenginerunscoolerthanthegasolineengine.thedieselenginerunshotterthanthegasolineengine.thedieselenginerunshard

54、erthanthegasolineengine.WhichoneStatementistrueinthetermofenginesinthearticle?()Dieseloilischeaperthangasoline.Dieseloilissafertostorethangasoline.bothofAandB.四、句子英譯漢（每小題5分，2小題，共10分）1、Theautomobileenginescanbeclassifiedaccordingto:numberofcylinders;arrangementsofcylinders;arrangementofvalves;typeofc

55、ooling;2、Thecoolantgetshotasitgoesthroughtheengine.五、句子漢譯英（每小題5分，共10分）1、汽車發(fā)動(dòng)是一種內(nèi)燃機(jī)，因?yàn)槿加停ㄆ停┦窃诎l(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)內(nèi)燃燒的。2、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)還包括潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)，潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)的作用是向發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)內(nèi)的各個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)零件提供潤(rùn)滑油。練習(xí)題二一、單詞互譯（每空1分，共20分）A英譯漢共10題每題一分dieselwithstandinjectioncarburetorsparkpuresequenceinstantcomparewithattherighttimeB漢譯英共10題每題一分1、壓力n.2、完成v.3、電的adj.4、應(yīng)力n.5、堅(jiān)固的a

56、dj.6、噴射v.7、產(chǎn)生v.8、壓強(qiáng)n.9、關(guān)于p.10、另夕卜p.二、詞匯和語(yǔ)法（每小題1分，共20分）Dieselenginesandgasolineenginesarecombustionengines.domesticB.externalC.internalBothkindsofenginesinternalcombustionengines,eachofthemhasitscharacteristicfeatures.is,butB.are,butC.are,andLetuscomparethedieselenginethegasolineengine.onB.aboutC.wit

57、hThemixtureofthegasolineengineisprovidedbyacarburetor.explosiveB.expensiveC.expandsThefundamentaldifferenceasolineanddieselenginesisinthegasolineenginethesourceoftheheatforignitingthecharge.both,thatB.between,thatC.between,whichInthecaseofthedieselenginethesupplyiseffectedbyaninjectB.internationalC.

58、injection“Jerk”pumpforcesa“shot”offuelintoeachcylinder.whichB.whereC.thatThesparkisgeneratedoutsidetheengine.electricB.elevenC.excuseInthedieselenginethesourceofhwatforignitingthechargewithintheenginebycompressingpureair.iscreatedB.wascreatedC.hasbeencreatedBothclassesenginesareverysimilarconstructi

59、on.of,ofB.and,ofC.and,inInjectingthefueltherighttimeinrelationtothemovementofthecrankshaft.attherighttimeB.atthesametimeC.intimeButasthehigherpressuresincalledupontowithstandverymuchgreaterstresseshigherpressuresincylinders.becauseB.becauseofC.duetoThedieselengineismoreefficient,becauseithighercompr

60、essionratio.haveB.hasC.hadThisadvantagepreventsthedieselenginereplacingthegasolineengineinsomeautomobilesandairplanes.toB.forC.fromInanyinternalcombustionengineburningfuelheatsairconsequently.A.whichB.thatC.whenWeallknowthatdieselengines()workinthesamewayasgasolineenginedo.A.inprincipleB.inotherword