2022年職稱英語等級(jí)考試綜合類B級(jí)試題

1、全國職稱英語級(jí)別考試綜合類（B）級(jí)試題【天宇考王】為廣大考生歸納總結(jié)職稱外語最新考試資訊，讓考生最先理解職稱外語考試報(bào)名等有關(guān)事項(xiàng)的告知，天宇考王是一款上機(jī)練習(xí)題庫軟件，有單機(jī)版、網(wǎng)頁版、手機(jī)版、三位一體多平臺(tái)學(xué)習(xí)模式。第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng) (第1-15題，每題1分，共15分）下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語畫有底橫線，請為每處畫線部分?jǐn)M定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1 She came across three children sleeping under a bridge. A passed by B took a notice of C woke up D found by chance 2

2、It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already. A right B obvious C unbelievable D unclear 3 He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company. A attractedB taught C kept D changed 4 She gets aggressive when she is drunk. A worried B offensive C sleepy D anxious 5 I have little in

3、formation as regards her fitness for the post. A at B with C about D from 6 These animals migrate south annually in search of food. A explore B inhabit C prefer D travel 7 There was something peculiar in the way he smiles. A different B wrong C strange D funny 8 Make sure the table is securely ancho

4、red. A repaired B fixed C cleared D booked 9 As a politician, he knows how to manipulate public opinion. A influence B express C divide D voice 10 He paused, waiting for her to digest the information. A withhold B exchange C understand D contact 11 The rules are too regid to allow for human error. A

5、 general B inflexible C complex D direct 12 Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems. A send B hear C confirm D spread 13 Come out, or Ill bust the door down. AbreakBshutCsetDbeat14 The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town. A naked B blind C cautious D private 15 Th

6、e contract between the two companies will expire soon. A shorten B start C end D resume參照答案: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.D 11.C 12.D 13.A 14.B 15.B第2部分：閱讀判斷(第1622題，每題1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是對的信息，請選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。 Kicking the HabitWhat is a b

7、ad habit? The most definition is that it is something that we do regularly, almost without thinking about it, and which has some sort of negative consequence. This consequence could affect those around us, or it could affect us personally. Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad hab

8、its are part of what makes us human.Many early habits, like sucking out thumb, are broken when we are very young. We are either told to stop doing it by our parents, or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit, and we gradually grow out of it. It is when we int

9、entionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem. Unless we can break that habit early on, it becomes a part of out life, and becomes “programmed” into our brain.A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try

10、 to change out habits, it is the old ways that tend to win, especially in situations where we are rushed, stressed or overworked. Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back. During the study program, the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them wo

11、rds to associate with them. They then showed the volunteers the same picture again, and gave them new words to associate with them.A few days later, the volunteers were given a test. The researchers showed them the pictures, and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each

12、 one. It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and second. Two weeks later, they were given the same test again. This time, most of them only gave the first set of words. They appeared to have completely forgotten the second set.The study confirms that the

13、responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time. We may try to change out ways, but after a while, the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned. The more that response is used, the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in any o

14、ther way.The study therefore suggests that over time, our bad habits also become automatic, learned behavior. This is not good news for people who pick up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them. Even when we try to put new, good intentions into practice, those previous learned

15、 habits remain stronger in more automatic, unconscious forms of memory.16. Boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned17. We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned18. Bad habits may return when we are under

16、 pressure.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned19. Researchers were surprised by the answer that the volunteers gave in the first test.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned20. The volunteers found the test more difficult when they did it the second time.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned21. The study sugg

17、ests that it is more difficult to respond what to get rid of.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned22. If we develop bad habits early in life, they are harder to get rid of.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned參照答案：16.C、17.B、18.A、19.B、20.C 、21.B、22.A 第3部分：概括大意與完畢句子(第2330題，每題1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測試任務(wù)：(1)第2326題規(guī)定

18、從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第14段每段1選擇個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題;(2)第2730題規(guī)定從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子擬定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。Traffic JamsNo End in Sight1 Traffic congestion(擁堵)affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U.S., commuters (通勤人員) spend an average of a full work

19、ing week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.2 The most promising technique for reducing city traf

20、fic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced tra

21、ffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing.3 Another way to reduce rushhour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part

22、 by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.4 Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded

23、 city streets. But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them.5 Other, more forwardthinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public tra

24、nsport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some$7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies. But environmentalists complain that such funding i

25、s tiny compared with the$50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.23. Paragraph 1_24. Paragraph 2_25. Paragraph 3_26. Paragraph 4_A Not doing enoughB A global problemC Changing work practiceD A solution which is no solutionE Paying to get inF Closing city centres to traffic27. Most American drive

26、rs think it convenient to_.28. If charged high enough, some drivers may_ to enter certain parts of town.29. Building more roads is not an effective way to_.30. The U. S. government has planned to _ updating public-transport systems.A go by busB encourage more private carsC drive aroundD spend more m

27、oneyE reduce traffic jamsF travel regularly參照答案： 23. A 24. E 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. E 30. D第4部分：閱讀理解(第3145題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題背面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容，從每題所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。第一篇 Operation MigrationIf you look up at the sky in the early fall in the northern part of North America, y

28、ou may see groups of birds. These birds are flying south to places where they can find food and warmth for the winter. They are migrating(遷徙). The young birds usually learn to migrate from their parents. They follow their parents south. In one unusual case, however, the young birds are following som

29、ething very different. These birds are young whooping cranes, and they are following an airplane!The whooping crane is the largest bird that is native to North America. These birds almost disappeared in the 1800s. By 1941, there were only about 20 cranes alive. In the 1970s, people were worried that

30、 these creatures were in danger of disappearing completely. As a result, the United States identified whooping cranes as an endangered species that they needed to protect.Some researchers tried to help. They began to breed whooping cranes in special parks to increase the number of birds. This plan w

31、as successful. There were a lot of new baby birds. As the birds became older, the researchers wanted to return them to nature. However, there was a problem: These young birds did not know how to migrate. They needed human help.In , some people had a creative idea. They formed an organization called

32、Operation Migration. This group decided to use very light airplanes, instead of birds, to lead the young whooping cranes on their first trip south. They painted each airplane to look like a whooping crane. Even the pilots wore special clothing to make them look like cranes. The cranes began to trust

33、 the airplanes, and the plan worked.Today, planes still lead birds across approximately 1,200 miles (1,931 kilometers), from the United States-Canadian border to the Gulf of Mexico. They leave the birds at different sites. If a trip is successful, the birds can travel on their own in the future. The

34、n, when these birds become parents, they will teach their young to migrate. The people of Operation Migration think this is the only way to maintain the whooping crane population.Operation Migration works with several other organizations and government institutes. Together, they assist hundreds of c

35、ranes each year. However, some experts predict that soon, this wont be necessary. Thanks to Operation Migration and its partners, the crane population will continue to migrate. Hopefully, they wont need human help any more.41 Whooping cranes migrate in winter to_.A. find warmth and foodB. raise baby

36、 whooping cranesC. get human helpD. lay eggs42 Whooping cranes are native to_.A. North AmericaB. MexicoC. South AmericaD. the Persian Gulf43 Operation migration aims to_.A. teach adult cranes how to flyB. breed cranes in special parksC. lead young cranes on their first trip southD. transport cranes

37、to the north44 The distance covered by the young whooping cranes on their trip south is_.A.120 milesB.1931 milesC.1200 milesD. miles45 If operation migration is successful, whooping cranes will_.A. learn to migrate on their ownB. follow airplanes south every yearC. live in Canada all year roundD. be

38、 unable to fly back參照答案: 41.A 42.A 43.C 44.C 45.A 第二篇“Lucky” Lord LucanAlive or DeadOn 8th November 1974 Lord Lucan, a British aristocrat, vanished. The day before, his childrens nanny had been brutally murdered and his wife had been attacked too. To this day the British public are still interested

39、in the murder case because Lucan has never been found. Now, over 30 years later, the police have reopened the case, hoping the new DNA techniques will help solve the murder mystery.People suspected that “Lucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say t

40、hat Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.What happened next is unclear, but there are se

41、veral theories which fall into one of three categories: he may have killed himself, he could have escaped or he might have been killed. It appears that the night after the murder, “Lucky” borrowed a car and drove it, Lucans friend Aspinall said in an interview that he thought Lucan had committed sui

42、cide by sinking his boat in the English Channel.Another version of events says that “Lucky” left the blood-soaked car on the coast and took a ferry to France. He was met there by someone who drove him safety in another country. However, after a time, his rescuers became worried that they would becom

43、e involved in the murder too and so Lucan was killed.A further fascinating theory was made in the book Dead Lucky by Duncan MacLaughlin, a former detective. He believes that Lucan travelled to Goa, India, where he assumed the identity of a Mr. Barry Haplin. Lucan then lived in 36 The public are stil

44、l interested in the investigation because _.A. of the terrible murderB. of the use of new DNA techniquesC. Lord Lucan has never been found(the murderer has not been caught)D. lord Lucan was famous37 It is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because _.A. she was looking after the childrenB. she was a

45、 friend of LucansC. it was dark and he thought she was lady Lucan(she was mistaken for his wife)D. lord Lucan thought the nanny stole his car38 Aspinall thought Lucan killed himself by _.A. jumping into waterB. jumping out of his houseC. sailing his boatD. sinking his boat39 Lucan could have been ki

46、lled because people _.A. didnt want the police to catch himB. thought he might talk to the police about them if he was caught(has escaped but was killed later) C. were unhappy with himD. thought he was rich40 The word “assumed” in paragraph 5 means-took on(教材題目)Ex-detective MacLaughlin claimed that

47、Mr. Barry Haplin _.A. was an old schoolteacherB. died in GoaC. was really Lord Lucan in disguiseD. was a merchant參照答案: 36.C 37.C 38.D 39.B 40. Took on第三篇On the Trial of the Honey BadgerOn a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learn a lot more about honey badgers. The team

48、 employed a local wildlife expert Kitso Khama to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert.Their main aim was to study the badgers movements and behavior as discreetly(謹(jǐn)慎地) as possible without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behavior. They also planned t

49、o trap a few and study them close up before releasing them in view of the animals reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do.“The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new,” he says. “That, combined with their unp

50、redictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture. If they sense you have food, for example, they wont be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat. Theyre actually quite sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious(兇惡的

51、). Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen.”The research confirmed many things that were already known. As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill. Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them. The researchers were surprise

52、d, however, by the animals fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content. Preciously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey(獵物). The team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed

53、loose family groups. They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research, including the fact that female badgers never socialized with each other.Following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time. Some hunting territor

54、ies cover more than 500 square kilometers. Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males, there are occasional fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species.As the badgers became accustomed to t

55、he presence of people, it gave the team the to get up close to them without being the subject of the animals curiosityor sudden aggression. The badgers eating patterns, which had been disrupted, to normal. It also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other creatures that form working

56、 associations with the honey badger, as these seemed to badgers relaxed attitude when near humans.31 Why did the wild life experts visit the Kalahari Desert?A. To find where honey badgers live.B. To catch some honey badgers for food.C. To observe how honey badgers behave.D. To find out why honey bad

57、gers have a bad reputation.32 What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers?A. They are always looking for food.B. They do not enjoy human company.C. They show interest in things they are not familiar with.D. It is common for them to attack people.33 What did the team find out about honey badgers?A.

58、 There were some creatures they did not eat.B. They were afraid of poisonous creatures.C. Female badgers did not mix with male badgers.D. They may get some of the water they needed from fruit.34 Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers?A. They dont run very quickly.B. They defend

59、their territory from other badgers.C. They hunt over a very large area.D. They are more aggressive than females.35 What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them?A. They became less aggressive towards other creatures.B. They lost interest in people.C. They started eating more.D. Oth

60、er animals started working with them.參照答案：31. C 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B 第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第4650題，每題2分，共10分)下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。The Tough Grass That Sweetens Our LivesSugar cane was once a wild grass that grew in New Guinea and was used by local people for roofing their hou