英語(yǔ)第一周學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃

1、資料版權(quán)屬文亮所有，任何學(xué)員只有使用權(quán)，不得以任何方式轉(zhuǎn)借給他人，否則將追究法律責(zé)任第 第 頁(yè) 英語(yǔ)第一周學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃第一部分 詞匯背誦1. stable steib()l adj. 穩(wěn)定的Prices remain stable. 價(jià)格保持穩(wěn)定。2. deserve diz:v HYPERLINK vi&vt. 應(yīng)受; 應(yīng)得Government officials deserve the blame.政府官員們應(yīng)受到譴責(zé)。3. unemployment nimplimntn. 失業(yè)；失業(yè)率；失業(yè)人數(shù)We are battling against unemployment. 我們正與失業(yè)做斗爭(zhēng)。f

2、ortunate f:tnt adj. 幸運(yùn)的；僥幸的；吉祥的；帶來(lái)幸運(yùn)的He was extremely fortunate to survive.他極為幸運(yùn)地活了下來(lái)。descriptiondiskrip()n n.描述The paper provided a detailed description of how to solve the problem of this kind.這篇論文對(duì)如何解決這類問(wèn)題提供了詳細(xì)的描述。consequence knsikw()ns n. 結(jié)果；重要性；推論she understood the consequences of her actions a

3、nd was prepared to go to jail.她明白自己行為的后果并準(zhǔn)備去坐牢。escape iskeip vi&vt. 逃跑；逃避；避開(kāi)They successfully escaped from the jail.他們成功越獄。valid vlid adj. 有效的；有根據(jù)的；合法的；正當(dāng)?shù)腁ll tickets are valid for two months.所有的票在兩個(gè)月內(nèi)有效。bond bnd n. 結(jié)合；粘合劑 vi&vt.結(jié)合，團(tuán)結(jié)在一起There is a strong bond between church and nation.這個(gè)國(guó)家教會(huì)與國(guó)家緊密聯(lián)系。

4、 mixturemikst n. 混合物Its a mixture of water, sugar and salt.它是水、糖和鹽的混合物。owe uvt. 欠He owes me money.他欠我錢。12. desire dizai n. 欲望；要求，心愿；vi&vt. 渴望；希望得到She desired a child with her new husband.她非常想和現(xiàn)任丈夫生個(gè)孩子。visual vijl adj. 視覺(jué)的，視力的The visual ability of this animal is very strong.這種動(dòng)物的視覺(jué)能力很強(qiáng)。 submit sbmit

5、vi&vt. 提交；服從He submitted his proposal to his boss.他向老板提交了他的建議。edition idi()n n. 版本The second edition was published in Canada.第2版已在加拿大出版。16. combine kmbain vi&vt. 使聯(lián)合，使結(jié)合Combine the flour with 3 tablespoons of water to make a paste.把面粉和3大湯匙的水混合起來(lái)做成一個(gè)面團(tuán)。considerate knsid()rt adj. 體貼的；體諒的；考慮周到的I think

6、hes the most charming, most considerate man Ive ever known.我覺(jué)得他是我所認(rèn)識(shí)的最有魅力、最體貼的男士。arise raiz vi. 出現(xiàn)；上升；起立A problem arose when the plane was landing.飛機(jī)在降落時(shí)出問(wèn)題了。contrary kntrri adj. 相反的；對(duì)立的 n.相反，反面On the contrary, they did really well.相反，他們做的很好！fit fit vi&vt. 符合；合身；使合身；adj. 健康的；合適的；The trousers fit me.

7、這條褲子穿著合適。You need do exercise to keep fit.你需要鍛煉身體保持健康。operate preit vt. 做手術(shù)；操作Surgeons operated on Jane for breast cancer.外科醫(yī)生們?yōu)楹?jiǎn)做了乳腺癌手術(shù)。He is quick in learning to operate the machine.他學(xué)習(xí)操作這臺(tái)機(jī)器很快。22. criminal krimin()l n. 罪犯 adj. 刑事的；犯罪的；罪惡的A group of gunmen attacked a prison and set free nine crimi

8、nals.一伙持槍歹徒襲擊了一所監(jiān)獄并放走了9名罪犯。Her husband faces various criminal charges.她丈夫面臨多項(xiàng)刑事指控。attack tk n&vt&vi. 攻擊；抨擊They found least defended area and attacked.他們找到了防守最薄弱的地區(qū)發(fā)起了進(jìn)攻。100 people were killed when the plane attacked the city.飛機(jī)攻擊這個(gè)城市造成100人死亡。 senior si:nj adj. 高級(jí)的；年長(zhǎng)的；年資較深的 n. 上司；較年長(zhǎng)者；畢業(yè)班學(xué)生 Senior o

9、fficials were actually poorly paid.高級(jí)官員實(shí)際上薪水很低。confidential knfiden()l adj. 機(jī)密的；表示信任的；獲信任的The information is confidential, so please do not tell anyone.這消息是保密的，所以請(qǐng)不要告訴任何人。 26. folk fuk adj. 民間的Folk stories are very popular in these regions.這個(gè)地區(qū)民間故事很流行。beneath bini: prep.在下面Four levels of parking ben

10、eath the theatre was not enough.劇院底下的四層停車庫(kù)還不夠。28. trap trp n. 陷阱；圈套；vt. 誘捕；使受限制；使陷入困境 He used some cheese to trap the rat. 他用了些乳酪誘捕耗子。container kntein n.容器Get some water with a container.用某種容器打點(diǎn)水來(lái)。credit kredit n. 信用，信譽(yù)； vt. 相信，信任；歸功于The group cant get credit to buy farming machinery.該集團(tuán)無(wú)法以賒購(gòu)方式購(gòu)買農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)

11、械。frightenfrait()n vt. 使驚恐Though he was trying to frighten her, she appeared calm.雖然他想嚇唬她，但她看起來(lái)很鎮(zhèn)靜。bravery breiv()ri n. 勇氣He deserves the highest praise for his bravery.他為其勇敢應(yīng)該得到至高的贊揚(yáng)。conduct kndkt vt. 做，實(shí)施，導(dǎo)（電、熱）I decided to conduct an experiment.我決定做一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)。Water conducts heat faster than air.水比空氣導(dǎo)熱快

12、。reservation rezvei()n n.預(yù)定He went to the desk to inquire and make a reservation.他到前臺(tái)去咨詢并做了預(yù)訂。gratefulgreitf()l adj. 感激的I am still grateful for what he has done for me.對(duì)他為我做的我仍心懷感激。realize ri:laiz vt 意識(shí)到；認(rèn)識(shí)到；實(shí)現(xiàn)It is hard to realize how much effort it will take to finish this task.我們很難意識(shí)到要完成這個(gè)任務(wù)要花多大的

13、努力。37. advertisement dv:tizm()nt n. 廣告Dont trust anything said in an advertisement.不要相信廣告里的任何信息。level lev()l n. 水平；級(jí)別Sea level is higher in this area.這個(gè)地區(qū)的海平面要高一些。store st: vt. 貯存；儲(chǔ)存 n.商店At the street corner lies a grocery store.街角有家雜貨店。Where in the brain do we store information about colours?我們?cè)诖竽X的

14、哪個(gè)地方存儲(chǔ)有關(guān)顏色的信息？40. temporary temp()rri adj. 暫時(shí)的，臨時(shí)的 n. 臨時(shí)工，臨時(shí)雇員Temporary difficulty is nothing to fear.暫時(shí)的困難不足為懼。robot rubt n.機(jī)器人Robot can not completely replace the labor of human.機(jī)器人不能完全代替人類的勞動(dòng)。lift lift vt. 舉起；提升；n. 電梯；When he finished he lifted his eyes and looked out the window.他完成以后抬眼向窗外看去。We t

15、ook the lift to the fourteenth floor.我們乘電梯到了第12層。majority mdritin. 大多數(shù)The majority of my patients agree the plan.我的多數(shù)病人同意這個(gè)計(jì)劃。44. tend tend vi. 傾向于; 往往會(huì)Beginners tend to be afraid of reading long paragraphs.初學(xué)者往往畏懼閱讀長(zhǎng)段落。create kri:eit vi&vt. 創(chuàng)造Everything was created by his own hands without others h

16、elp.一切都是他靠雙手賺來(lái)的，沒(méi)有其他人的幫助。harvest h:vist vt&n. 收獲Grain harvest is at the beginning.谷物收割才剛開(kāi)始。carbon k:b()n n. 碳People should lead a low-carbon life.人們應(yīng)該低碳生活。 event ivent n. 重大事件He will not miss any major sporting event.他不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)任何重大體育賽事。reward riw:d n. 報(bào)酬，回報(bào)Parents never ask for rewards for what they have

17、 done.父母付出從不圖回報(bào)。disease.dizi:z n. 疾病This drug stopped the rapid spread of this disease.這藥阻止了疾病的快速傳播。第二部分 語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)名詞與冠詞名詞英語(yǔ)名詞與漢語(yǔ)不同，有可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞之分。可數(shù)名詞（可以數(shù)的過(guò)來(lái)的名詞，如：蘋果apple）有復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示超過(guò)一個(gè)的概念，最常見(jiàn)的是名詞復(fù)數(shù)是在名詞后加s。若以s, sh, ch, x等結(jié)尾 加 es，如：bus-buses，watch-watches 若以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾 變y 為i再加es， 如：baby-babies 若以f或fe結(jié)尾，去掉f或fe加v

18、es，如：half-halves一半請(qǐng)把以下單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式記下來(lái)，并熟練復(fù)數(shù)名詞的變化方法：day-days, dog-dogs, house-houses, coast-coasts （海岸）, university-universities（大學(xué)）, worker-workers, letter-lettersbrush- brushes, church-churches，kiss-kisses，box-boxes, peach-peaches（桃子）city-cities, country-countries, study-studies, fly-flies（蒼蠅）, family-f

19、amilieshero-heroes, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes, Negro-Negroes (黑人)（以o結(jié)尾的要特別識(shí)記）bamboo-bamboos, radio-radios, zoo-zoos, photo-photos, piano-pianos （以o結(jié)尾的要特別識(shí)記）Calf-calves小牛 knife-knives刀 leaf-leaves葉子 life-lives生命 loaf-loaves（面包條）self-selves自身 sheaf-sheaves捆 shelf-shelves架子 thief-thieves賊 wife-w

20、ives妻子 wolf-wolves狼有些名詞單復(fù)數(shù)一樣，要注意識(shí)記：Chinese-Chinese中國(guó)人 deer-deer鹿 German-German 德國(guó)人 sheep-sheep 羊 Japanese-Japanese 日本人 means-means 方法 Swiss-Swiss 瑞士人 series-series 系列還有些名詞變復(fù)數(shù)屬于特殊情況，請(qǐng)識(shí)記：foot-feet，goose-geese（鵝），tooth-teeth，child-children，woman-women，man-men，mouse-mice（老鼠）不可數(shù)名詞，一般情況沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式（特殊情況請(qǐng)?jiān)谥蟮膶W(xué)習(xí)中

21、慢慢積累），請(qǐng)背誦以下單詞，一方面識(shí)記單詞，另一方面關(guān)注其不可數(shù)的概念：advice, baggage, change(零錢), furniture, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage, money, news, progress, traffic, absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage,

22、 music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, water, wealth, weather, wind, work, honor, death, danger, success, comfort, surprise, worry, beauty, wonder, en

23、vy, shock, shame, regret, joy若表示英語(yǔ)名詞的所有格，需用（有生命的事物的所有格）或of（無(wú)生命的事物的所有格）表示，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的漢字“的”。當(dāng)然，選用s還是of的表達(dá)，也不是完全按照有沒(méi)有生命來(lái)劃分，有特殊情況，以后慢慢積累。請(qǐng)識(shí)記以下名詞所有格的表示方法，熟練其規(guī)則，并體會(huì)有生命的與無(wú)生命的所有格的區(qū)別：Jims room（Jim是有生命的）the windows of the house （房間是無(wú)生命的）the workers struggle 工人的斗爭(zhēng)（注意，名詞本身已經(jīng)以s結(jié)尾，則加就可以了）the teachers reading-room 教員閱覽

24、室the picture of the family 家庭照片（家庭是無(wú)生命的）當(dāng)然，有些在表示名詞所有格時(shí)，s結(jié)構(gòu)可以轉(zhuǎn)換成of結(jié)構(gòu)。the girls namethe name of the girl女孩的名字my fathers friendthe friend of my father我父親的朋友有些表示時(shí)間、距離、國(guó)家、城市等無(wú)生命的東西的名詞，也可以加s來(lái)構(gòu)成所有格。Beijings street 北京的街道Todays newspaper 今天的報(bào)紙ten minutes walk 十分鐘的路程（別忘了：名詞本身已經(jīng)以s結(jié)尾，則加就可以了）冠詞 冠詞作為一種虛詞，在英語(yǔ)中只能和名

25、詞一起使用。英語(yǔ)中的冠詞分為不定冠詞和定冠詞。1. 不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞有兩個(gè)：a 和 an。a用在輔音開(kāi)頭的單詞前面；an用于以元音開(kāi)頭的單詞前。如：a book, an apple。1） 不定冠詞用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示“某一個(gè)”。如： There is a policeman at the door. 門口有個(gè)警察。2) 不定冠詞用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，表示“任何，每個(gè)”。如： A car must be insured. 汽車一定要上保險(xiǎn)。 A soldier must obey orders. 軍人必須服從命令。3) 不定冠詞用于頭一次出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞之前。如： There is a b

26、ox in the room. The box is heavy. 房間里有個(gè)箱子。這個(gè)箱子很重。 我們都認(rèn)為他是適合做這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的人。4） 定冠詞用在價(jià)格、速度、比率等短語(yǔ)中。如： six kilometers an hour 每小時(shí)60公里 3 times a day 每天三次5）不定冠詞用于某些固定短語(yǔ)中。如： have a try試一下 take a break 休息一下 have a good time 玩得痛快 make a living 謀生 as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上 in a word 總而言之2. 定冠詞的用法1） 定冠詞和名詞連用，表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人

27、或東西。如：Mother carved the meat into slices.媽媽把肉切成了片。2） 定冠詞用于第二次出現(xiàn)的名詞之前。如：I got a letter yesterday. The letter was sent by e-mail.我昨天接到了一封信。那信是電子郵件。3） 定冠詞用于某些名詞或者形容詞前，表示一類人，一個(gè)民族，階級(jí)或階層。如：the Chinese 中國(guó)人 the rich 富人 the old老年人the dead 死者 the deaf 聾人4） 定冠詞用于指說(shuō)話雙方都知道的人或事。如：Please close the door.請(qǐng)把門關(guān)上。5） 定冠

28、詞用于世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。如：the sun 太陽(yáng) the earth 地球 the world世界 6） 定冠詞用于序數(shù)詞前表示順序，定冠詞用于形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)前面。如：the third group 第三組 the most interesting book 最有趣的書7）定冠詞在play后和樂(lè)器連用play the piano彈鋼琴 play the flute吹長(zhǎng)笛8）定冠詞與姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式連用，表示一家人。如： The Blacks came to China in 1994. 布萊克一家是1994年來(lái)中國(guó)的。9）定冠詞的其他用法the Changjiang River長(zhǎng)江

29、the Red Sea 紅海 （用于表示江河海洋的名詞前）the Taiwan Straits臺(tái)灣海峽 the Gulf of Mexico墨西哥灣 （用于表示海峽海灣的名詞前）the Alps阿爾卑斯山 the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠 （用于山脈沙漠的名詞前）the Peoples Republic of China 中華人民共和國(guó)（用于國(guó)家名稱）the National Gallery國(guó)家美術(shù)館 the Military Museum 軍事博物館(用于公共建筑名前)the State Council國(guó)務(wù)院 the Senate參議院 the House of Represen

30、tatives 眾議院 （用于機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體名詞前）the Geneva Agreement日內(nèi)瓦協(xié)議 the Washington Post 華盛頓郵報(bào) (用于報(bào)刊、條約之前)3. 不用冠詞的情況1）表示球類、棋類的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目不加冠詞。如：play football 踢足球 play chess下象棋2）在一日三餐名詞前不用冠詞。如：have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早飯/午飯/晚飯3）交通工具名詞前不用冠詞by car坐汽車 by ship 坐船by plane坐飛機(jī) on foot 步行在一些地點(diǎn)的名詞，如：bed, church, school, hospital,

31、home, work等。go home回家 go to school去上學(xué) go to church去教堂祈禱in hospital住院 go to work上班注：如果在上述詞組前面加上定冠詞the，可以表示去這些場(chǎng)所做其他的事情。如：He came to the school to speak to the headmaster.他來(lái)學(xué)校和校長(zhǎng)談話。He went to the church to see the carvings.他去教堂看雕刻。His mother is in hospital and he has been in the hospital to take care o

32、f her.他媽媽生病住院了，他就一直在醫(yī)院里面照顧她。4. 泛指概念的四種表達(dá)方式1）不帶the 的不可數(shù)名詞可以表示泛指。I like music.我喜歡音樂(lè)。2）不帶the 的復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指。Bananas are yellow.香蕉是黃色的。3）“the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”可以表示泛指。The elephant is the largest land mammal.大象是陸地上最大的哺乳動(dòng)物。4）“不定冠詞a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞” 可以表示泛指。A horse is a useful animal.馬是有用的動(dòng)物。第三部分 本周習(xí)題The_ shoes were covered wi

33、th mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into _car. girls; Toms B.girls;Toms C.girls;Toms D.girls;Toms2.The largest landmass is usually divided into two continents along_Ural Mountains.A.不填 B.the C.a D.an3.Studying in a foreign country is a different _, and you can learn a lot from i

34、t.event B.exercise C.experience D.experiment4.This tree has green _ throughout the year.A. leaf B. leafs C. leave D. leaves5.Theres _ umbrella behind the door.A. the B. / C. a D. an6.This is an old photo of mine when I _.A. have short hairs B. had short hairs C. have short hair D. had short hair7. “

35、What _ do you like best?” “Football.”A. food B. subject C. sport D. music8.The little baby has two _ already.A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths9._elephant is bigger than_ horseA.不填; 不填 B.An; anC.An; aD.The; a10.China was the earliest _ center for _.A. researchs; agriculture B. research; agricultu

36、reC. researchs; agricultures D. researches; agricultures11.Lets go and watch the children play_chess.A.a B.an C.the D.不填12.We did_experiment last week. It was _useful one.A.the; the B.an; aC.an; theD.the; an13.They went to_Summer Palace yesterday and stayed there for_day.A.the; a B.the; the C.不填; a

37、D.the; 不填14. What would you like to drink, my dear friends? _, please.A. Two cup of coffee B. Two cups of coffees C. Two cup of coffees D. Two cups of coffee How soon shall we start the bicycle trip? _.A. In five days time B. In five days timeC. In five days time D. For five days16. These people want to have some _for supper, so they decided to catch_now.A. fish; many B. fishes; much C. fi