2022年同等學(xué)力人員申請碩士學(xué)位考試考試考前沖刺卷13測

1、2022年同等學(xué)力人員申請碩士學(xué)位考試考試考前沖刺卷（本卷共分為1大題50小題，作答時間為180分鐘，總分100分，60分及格。）單位：姓名：考號：題號單選題多項選擇判斷題綜合題總分分值得分一、單項選擇題（共50題，每題2分。每題的備選項中，只有一個最符合題意）.Passage FourIt was 1985, and Rafe Esquith was beginning his third year of teaching in Los Ange I es pub I ic schools. He faced a class of 40 sixth-graders from Iow-inco

2、me homes where English rarely was spoken, and the best reader among them was two years below grade I eve I.what the beck, he decided to teach them Shakespeare.Five fami I ies agreed to let thei r chi Idren play Macbeth for two hours after school. This proved to be so much fun that, within weeks, Esq

3、uith had 28 kids happi Iy soaking up the drama of bIood and betrayaI in medievaI Scot I and. They were learning many words they had never heard before.But when Esquith asked a schooI district supervisor for off i c i a I approvalr he received this note: Mr. Esquith, it i s not appropr iate that you

4、stay after school to teach Shakespeare. It would be better if you did something with the chiIdren that is academic.”It would not be the last time that the narrow thinking of bigcity schooI adm i n i strat i on got in Esquith9 s way. Yet the bearded, 6-f oot-ta I I eye I one has proved that a teacher

5、 who thinks very big- much harder lessons, larger projects, extra class time-can help disadvantaged chiIdren in ways most educators never imagine.This was diff icult at fi rst, unt i I he stumbIed upon a concept of teaching that is at the core of his success. American chi Idren, even those from hard

6、working immigrant cultures, have in Esquith1 s view been wrongly taught that learning shouId always be fun, by teachers who think hard lessons are bad for kids from Iow-income homes. When faced with something difficult, such students don t know what to do.The Declaration of Independence says America

7、ns are entitled to the pursuit of happiness, but the emphas i s in pub I ic school ing has been on the happiness, he be I ieves. What happened to pursuit” Esquith said. So he has created an enti rely new universe in his classroom, cherishing effort and the slogan, MThere Are No Shortcuts.As for thei

8、r own dramatic performances, Esquith got around the original ban on his after-school Macbeth rehearsals by switching to Thornton Wilder s Our Town. When that class final ly performed the Shakespeare play, a school district supervisor showed up. The high-ranking district administrator came up afterwa

9、rd and shook his hand. Rare, H she said, M 11 ve never seen Shakespeare done better.” At fi rst, Esquith s Shakespeare-teaching .won the support of the school authoritygot lukewarm response from the school authoritywere not allowed by the school authoritydid not draw attention from the school author

10、ityDi rect ions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is foil owed by six questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Passage OneIt s not just your imagination. In cities from coast to coast, the use of Span i sh i s booming, and is pro

11、 Iiferating in ways no other Ianguage has before in the U. S. history-other than English of course.It s this sort of environment that is a cause for concern for many. Mauro Muj ica heads a group cal led WU. S. Englishy which lobbies for off i c i a I English laws across the country. He s concerned t

12、hat with so many Spanish speakers entering the country, the U. S. wi I I become a nation split by language, much I ike Canada.Now we re beginning to divide ourselves, to split along Iinguistic I i nes. We re beg inning to see pockets of peop I e who speak other I anguages and no English whatsoever.”

13、His fear is hardly universal. Gregory Rodriguez is a feI low with the New America Foundation, a non-partisan think-tank based in Washington, D.C. He calls Mu j ica9 s arguments ridiculous.”This process of immigrant enclaves （少數(shù)民族聚集地）and I inguistic enclaves is an age-oId American process. We ve al I

14、 heard the quotes from Benjamin Frankl in about his concerns that German- Amer icans would never assimilate. These concerns are as old as the American repub Iic. nRodr iguez argues that the current boom in the use of Spanish is due ahnost entirely to new immigrants, and that their chi Idren will, at

15、 least for the most part, learn Engl ish. He points to 1990 census data, which indicates that by the third generation, two-thirds of al I Hispanic chiIdren speak English exclusively. Whether that number is going up or down wi I I be diff icult to determine since the Census Bureau didn t track that i

16、nformation in its most recent census.But there may be at least one piece of anecdotaI evidence. Span i sh-1 anguage movie theaters once flour i shed in the Los Angeles area. There were dozens of these theaters just fifteen years ago. Today there are only seven.There is a myth that somehow immigrants

17、 come to the most powerful nation in the worId simpIy to resist its cultural embrace, n says Rodriguez. But it is a myth. ”Immigrant enclaves are, of course, common throughout American History. German and Polish enclaves were common throughout the Midwest. The Itaiians flourished in New York. But th

18、ose languages largely faded from use in the U. S. Few are predicting that wiI I happen with Spanish. It s here to stay, a I though we won* t know its ult i mate i mpact for generat i ons. It is impIied in the passage that .it is too early to decide on the impact of the use of SpanishSpanish may fade

19、 from use in the U. S. , like other languages C. Spanish-speaking immigrants are more active in society D. the spread of Spanish is similar to that of other languagesPart IV ClozeDi rections: In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are four choices mrarked A, B, C and D

20、.According to the U. S. NationaI Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) , car crashes are the Ieading cause of death among chiIdren between 5 and 14 years of age. Says NHTSA: (61) 50% of chi Idren who die in crashes are unrestrained. In addition, 4 out of 5 chiIdren are (62) restrained. nThe

21、NHTSA offers a number of safety (63) and cautions for those who are accompanied by chi Idren while driving. (64) laws vary from country to country and even from state to state, these gu i de I ines may serve as food for (65) to many parents and guardians of chiIdren.The safest place for al I chi Idr

22、en is in the back seat. Infants should be pIaced in a rear-facing child safety seat in the backseat of the car. A child (66) a year old and weighing at least 20 pounds may be pIaced in a forward-facing seat. At 40 pounds, the child can use a booster seat (兒童案例椅)二(67) is secured by one of the car1 s

23、lap and shoulder belts. At approximately 80 pounds and a (68) of about four feet nine inches, the child may begin using an adult safety strap.ChiIdren shouId not sit in the front passenger seat (69) they are at least 13 years of age. Front- passenger air bags can cause serious (70) to younger chiIdr

24、en and babies.When a booster seat is used, a lap belt alone wi11 not provide (71) protection if the booster seat does not have a (72).Do not think that a shoulder belt alone wiI I protect a smalI chi Id; in the (73) of a crash, the belt may (74) the neck of the child, causing ser ious injury or even

25、 death.Fol low instructions cIoseIy when (75) and using chi Id seats. According to NHTSA, Meven the safest seat may not protect your child if it isn t used correctly.”improperlyimposinglyimpartiallyimperativelyPassage FiveIt was a merry Christmas for Sharper Image and Neiman Marcus, which reported b

26、ig sales increases over last year, s hoiiday season. It was considerably less cheery at Wal-Mart and other lowpr iced chains. We don t know the final sales figures yet, but it s clear that high-end stores did very well, while stores catering to middle- and I ow- i ncome fam i I i es achieved only mo

27、dest gains.Based on these reports, you may be tempted to speculate that the economic recovery is an exclusive party, and most peopIe weren, t invited. You d be r ight. Commerce Department figures reveaI a start Iing d i sconnect between overalI economic growth and the incomes of a great majority of

28、Americans. In the thi rd quarter, real G. D. P. rose at an annua I rate of 8. 2%. But wage and salary i ncomet adjusted for inflation, rose at an annual rate of only 0. 8%. Why area t workers sharing in the so-caI Ied boomStart with jobs. EmpIoyment began rising in August, but the pace of job growth

29、 remains modest, averaging less than 90 000 per month. But if the number of jobs isn t rising much, aren t workers at least earning more You may have thought so. After all, companies have been able to increase output without hiring more workers, thanks to the rapidly rising output per worker. Histor

30、ical lyt higher productivity has translated into rising wages. But not this time: thanks to a weak labor market, employers have felt no pressure to share productivity gains. Calculations by the Econom i c Pol icy Institute show real wages for most workers flat or fal I ing even as the economy expand

31、s.So who5 s benefiting from the economy1 s expansion The di rect gains are going largely to corporate profits. I nd i rectIy, that means that gains are going to the big stockholders, who are the u11imate owners of corporate profits.For most Amer icans, current economic growth is something interestin

32、g, that is, however, happening to other people. This may change if ser ious job creation ever kicks in, but it hasn1 t so far. The big question is whether a recovery that does so IittIe for most Americans can really be sustained. Can an economy thrive on sales of luxury goods alone We may soon find

33、out.According to the passage, current economic growth .has greatly improved people, s living standardshas benefited only a limited number of peoplehas created enormous employment opportunitieshas caused the serious problem of inflationPassage TwoWhile the co I Iege campus may be the perfect forum in

34、 which to exhibit your taste for the latest in fashion style, the interview i s not the p I ace to do so. With very few unusual exceptions, sandals and sweatshi rts are out. Oxfords and business suits are still in. Even though many companies have relaxed the internal company dress code, interviews s

35、till fol low the conservative standard. Don t buck the trend.Unfortunately, most co I Iege grads are underprepared with proper interview dress. They feel they can H get byM with what is al ready in their wardrobe. Usually not. Remember that sty Iish is not conservative. You shouId be doing the talki

36、ng, not your clothes.This is not to say that you need to go out and buy a whole new wardrobe. Go for qua I ity over quantity. One or two we 11 -chosen business suits wi 11 serve you al I the way to the first day on the job and beyond. Then, when you are making some money, you can begin to round out

37、your wardrobe. For now, no one will fault you for wearing the same sharp outfit each time you interview.If you are still not sure how to dress for the interview, cal I them and ask! But this is one time when you do not want to caI I the Hiring Manager instead, ask to be put through to Human Resource

38、s. Sure, you run the r i sk of someone in HR thinking you are a soc i a I idiot, but that s a lot better than having the Hiring Manager distracted by inappropriate interview dress.While many work environments have shifted to business casual as the work standard, business suits are still the intervie

39、w standard. When in doubt, it is almost always better to err on the side of conservatism.One final note on interview dress: while it goes without saying that your interview eIothes shouId be neat and clean, very few interviewees give the same time and attention to their shoes. Shoes Yes, shoes. I am

40、 aware of at least one Corporate Recruiter who forms first impressions based solely on shoes. He subject i vely judges that those who pay attention to detai Is I ike their shoes are also I ikeIy to be di I igent in their work I ife. And it is not just that person* s opinion. So it is not enough to b

41、e elean, pressed, and ironed. Make sure your shoes are conservative, clean, and polished.The author suggests that the attention paid to shoes .A. reflects the personal judgment of only a few interviewers B. is based on a rather funny judgment linking shoes to work C. should be a point to consider in

42、 preparing for interviews D. has helped many people on their way to a successful careerPassage ThreeMusicians are fascinated with the possibiIity that music may be found in nature; it makes our own desi re for art seem al I the more essential. Over the past few years no I ess a bold mus i ca I exp I

43、 orer than Peter Gabr i e I has been getting involved. At the Research Center in Atlanta, Georgia, he has been making music together with Kanzi, one of the bonobo apes (倭 黑猩猩)invoIved in the long-term Ianguage acquisition studies of Sue and Duane Savage-Rumbaugh.I have seen the video of Kanz i picki

44、ng notes out on a pi ano-1 i ke keyboard, with Gabr ieI and members of his band playing inside the observation booth in the lab. (They did it this way because Kanzi had bitten one of his trainers a few days previously-interspecies communication is not without its dangers. ) The scene is beautifuI, t

45、he ape trying out the new machine and Iooking thoughtfu11y pleased with what comes out. He appears to be I isterling, playing the right notes. It is tentative but moving, the animal groping for something from the human worId but remaining isolated from the rest of the band. It is a touching encounte

46、r, and a bold move for a musician whose tune Shock the Monkey many years ago openly condemned the horrors of less sensitive animal experiments than this.What is the scientif ic value of such a jam session The business of the Research Center is the forging of greater communication between human and a

47、nimal. Why not try the fertiIe and mysterious ground of music in addition to the more testable arena of simple Ianguage The advantage of hearing music in nature and trying to reach out to nature through music is that, though we don t fuI Iy understand it, we can easi ly have access to it. We don t n

48、eed to exp lain its workings to be touched by it. Two musicians who don t speak the same language can play together, and we can appreciate the music from human cultures far from our own.Music needs no explanation, but it clearly expresses something deep and important, something humans cannot Iive wi

49、thout. Finding music in the sounds of birds, whales and other animals makes the farther frontiers of nature seem that much closer to us.Which of the following words can best describe the advantage of music A. Controllable.Explainable.Accessible.Testable.Passage FourIt was 1985, and Rafe Esquith was

50、beginning his third year of teaching in Los Ange I es pub I ic schools. He faced a class of 40 sixth-graders from Iow-income homes where English rarely was spoken, and the best reader among them was two years below grade level.So, what the beck, he decided to teach them Shakespeare.Five fami I ies a

51、greed to let thei r chi Idren play Macbeth for two hours after school. This proved to be so much fun that, within weeks, Esquith had 28 kids happi Iy soaking up the drama of bIood and betrayaI in medievaI Scot I and. They were learning many words they had never heard before.But when Esquith asked a

52、schooI district supervisor for off i c i a I approval, he received this note: Mr. Esquith, it is not appropriate that you stay after school to teach Shakespeare. It would be better if you did something with the chiIdren that is academic. nIt would not be the last time that the narrow thinking of big

53、city schooI adm i n i strat i on got in Esquith1 s way. Yet the bearded, 6-f oot-ta 11 eye I one has proved that a teacher who thinks very big- much harder lessons, larger projects, extra class time-can help disadvantaged chiIdren in ways most educators never imagine.Th i s was diff i cult at first,

54、 unt i I he stumb led upon a concept of teach i ng that is at the core of his success. American chiIdren, even those from hardworking immigrant cultures, have in Esquith1 s view been wrongly taught that learning shouId always be fun, by teachers who think hard lessons are bad for kids from Iow-incom

55、e homes. When faced with something difficult, such students don t know what to do.The Declaration of Independence says Amer icans are entitled to the pursuit of happiness, but the emphasis in pub I ic schoo I ing has been on the happiness, he be I ieves. What happened to pursuit1* Esquith said. So h

56、e has created an enti rely new universe in his classroom, cherishing effort and the slogan, “There Are No Shortcuts.As for thei r own dramatic performances, Esquith got around the original ban on his after-school Macbeth11 rehearsals by switching to ThorntonWilder s Our Town. When that class final l

57、y performed the Shakespeareplay, a schooldistrict supervisor showed up. The high-ranking districtplay, a schooladministrator came up afterward and shook his hand. Rare, M she said, M T ve never seen Shakespeare done better. It is impIied that most educators .fail to realize the potential of disadvan

58、taged studentsfail to introduce fun into the learning of disadvantaged studentsare unaware of the difficulty faced by disadvantaged studentsare reluctant to admit that disadvantaged students are unfairly treated.Passage FiveIt was a merry Christmas for Sharper Image and Neiman Marcus, which reported

59、 big sales increases over last year, s hoiiday season. It was considerably less cheery at Wal-Mart and other lowpr iced chains. We don t know the final sales figures yet, but it s clear that high-end stores did very well, while stores cater ing to middle- and I ow- i ncome fam i I ies achieved only

60、modest gains.Based on these reports, you may be tempted to speculate that the economic recovery is an exclusive party, and most people weren* t invited. You d be right. Commerce Department figures reveal a start Iing disconnect between overalI economic growth and the incomes of a great majority of A