外研社小學(xué)英語(yǔ)1至6年級(jí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、16現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)表示正在發(fā)生的事情或進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作，常與 now,listen,look 等詞連用，構(gòu)造是主語(yǔ)+be 動(dòng)詞(am, is,are)+ing.如：It is raining now.外面正在下雨It is six oclock now.6My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.我父母正在客廳看報(bào)紙Look! The children are having a running race now.看！孩子們正在賽跑問(wèn)句將 be 動(dòng)be 動(dòng)詞后+not.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情或動(dòng)作，常與 often, usuall

2、y, sometimes, always, every day(week year) on Sundays等詞連用。構(gòu)造是主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)即 he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy 等詞時(shí)，s es.如：We have an English lesson every day.我們每天都要上英語(yǔ)課Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.男孩比女孩跑的快嗎？是的do, does dont, doesnt，后面動(dòng)詞肯定要復(fù)原。一般過(guò)去just now; a moment ago; ag

3、o; yesterday; last( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning 等詞連用。構(gòu)造是主語(yǔ)+be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式was; were或主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。留意：be 動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式不行同時(shí)使用。如：My earphones were on the ground just now.我的耳機(jī)剛剛還在呢。Where were you last week? I was at a camp.你上個(gè)星期去哪了？我去野營(yíng)了What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm你昨天去干嘛了？我去參觀農(nóng)場(chǎng)了。b

4、e be 動(dòng)詞移前，be did，后面動(dòng)詞復(fù)原；否認(rèn)句有 be 動(dòng)詞在后面加 not，沒(méi)有借助于 didn”t 后面動(dòng)詞復(fù)原。一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要打算發(fā)生的事情或動(dòng)作，常與 tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday), this week( we ekend ;evening; afternoon;)today 等詞連用。構(gòu)造是主語(yǔ)+be(am, is, are) going to + 動(dòng)原或主語(yǔ)+will +動(dòng)原。如：What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.你明天要去干嘛？我要去野餐

5、。The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.孩子們下個(gè)星期將參與運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.Tom 今晚將和父母去看演出。問(wèn)句將 be will be 動(dòng)詞或 will 后加 not.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can; cant; should; shouldnt; must; may 后肯定加動(dòng)詞原形。如：The girl cant swim, but she can skate.女孩不會(huì)游泳，但是會(huì)滑冰Dont talk in clas

6、s, you should listen to the teacher carefully.不要再課上說(shuō)話，你應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)真聽(tīng)教師講。祈使句確定祈使句以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭；否認(rèn)祈使句以dont 加動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭。如：Open the box for me ,please.請(qǐng)為我翻開(kāi)盒子。Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.劉濤，明天請(qǐng)?jiān)琰c(diǎn)起床！Dont walk on the grass!不要在草地上走！Helen! Dont climb the tree,please.海倫！不要爬樹(shù)。go的用法go +動(dòng)詞 ing如:go swimming;go fishing

7、;go skating;go camping;go running;go skiing;go rowing比較than 前用比較級(jí)；asas 之間用原級(jí)。如： My mother is two years younger than my father.我媽比我爸年輕兩歲。Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.劉濤跳得和本一樣遠(yuǎn)。寵愛(ài)做某事like +ing like+ to + 動(dòng)原。如：Su Yang likes growing flowers.蘇陽(yáng)寵愛(ài)種花。The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival

8、.孩子們寵愛(ài)在春節(jié)去玩花燈。想要做某事用 would like +to+want + to +動(dòng)原。例：Id like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museumsome用于確定句中，在否認(rèn)句和問(wèn)句中改為any,但當(dāng)表示委婉語(yǔ)氣時(shí)仍用如：Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?代詞人稱代詞主格做主語(yǔ)用一般放在句首或動(dòng)詞前，主格分別是 I you he she it we you they。賓格做賓語(yǔ)用，一般放在動(dòng)詞或介詞后如

9、：Open them for me. Let us , join me 等。me you him her it us you them。形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前，不能單獨(dú)使用，分別是my your his her its our your theirmine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。介詞介詞后要么不加動(dòng)詞，加動(dòng)詞只能加動(dòng)詞ing 形式如：be good at running;do well in jumping;時(shí)間介詞季節(jié)前，月份前用介詞 in如：in summer；in March具體的哪一天如星期幾，幾月幾日用介詞on如：on Satu

10、rday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning在幾點(diǎn)鐘前用介詞 at如： at a quarter to four;只在上下午晚上用 in如：in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;at night。另：季節(jié)，月份和星期前不好加 the.名詞復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成的方法有規(guī)章的有：直接在名詞后加 sorangeoranges; photophotos;x, s, sh, ch es如：boxboxes; glassglasses; waitresswaitresses; watchwatches;peach-peachesy

11、 y 為 i 加 es如：studystudies；librarylibraries; hobbyhobbies; familyfamilies;以 f, fe 結(jié)尾的改 f, fe 為 ves 如：knifeknives; thiefthieves注:以 o 結(jié)尾的我們學(xué)過(guò)的mangoes, mangomangoess,不規(guī)章的有：manmen; womanwomen; peoplepeople; childchildren動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成直接在動(dòng)詞后加 s如：runruns; dancedancess,sh,ch,o es如：dodoes;gogoes;washwashes;catc

12、hcatchesy y 為 i es如：studystudies; carrycarries;現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成直接在動(dòng)詞后加 ing如：singsinging; skiskiing;雙寫(xiě)詞尾加 ing如：swimswimming; jogjogging;runrunning;e e 加 ing如：rideriding; dancedancing; makemaking;規(guī)章動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成直接在動(dòng)詞后加 ed如：cleancleaned; milkmilked; playplayed;e d如：dancedanced; tastetasted;y y 為 i 加 ed如：studystudied

13、;carrycarried;雙寫(xiě)詞尾加 ed如：stopstopped; jogjogged;不規(guī)章的有：am,iswas; arewere; do,doesdid; have,hashad; gowent; meetmet; sitsat; seesaw; getgot; telltold; runran; comecame; stealstole; readread;形容詞副詞比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成規(guī)章的：直接在形容詞或副詞后加 er如；smallsmaller; lowlower;e 結(jié)尾的加 r如：latelarer; (3er如：bigbigger; thinthinner; fatfatte

14、r;(4) 以輔音字母加 y y i er如：heavyheavier; earlyearlier;不規(guī)章的有：good, wellbetterbest); many, much- moremost); far-farther;rainsnow的用法作為名詞意思是雨水和雪是不行數(shù)名詞如：There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那兒的春天有很多雨水。作為動(dòng)詞意思是下雨和下雪，有四種形式分別是： rainsnow；rains ，snows；現(xiàn)在分詞 raining； snowing rainedsnowed;如：Look! It is raining now

15、. 瞧！天正在下雨。It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天經(jīng)常下雨。 It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。(3)rainy snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的如：It is often rainy here in spring.這兒的春天經(jīng)常是有雨的。If it is rainy tomorrow, Ill stay at home.假設(shè)明天是有雨的，我將呆在家里。比較級(jí)留意只有同類事物才可進(jìn)展比較。如： My eyes are bigger than hers.Yo

16、ur school bag is heavier than mine.My computer is nicer than Nancys.My brother is stronger than me.have, has表示某人有(has 用于第三人稱單數(shù))；There is/ are;There was/ were 表示某地存在有There be 句型的就近原則there is /was;there are/ were.本身就是復(fù)數(shù)的詞眼鏡 glasses; earphones; 鞋 shoes;trousers 等詞本身是復(fù)數(shù)。如：My glasses were on the chair ju

17、st now.但假設(shè)表示這雙，這副，一雙的時(shí)候用單數(shù)如There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;一個(gè)的用法a 用于輔音前不是輔音字母前；an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。如：There is an s, a t, a u, a d ,an e, an n,and a t in the word student.時(shí)間表示法有兩種：1直接讀時(shí)鐘和分鐘。如： 6:10讀成 six ten;7:30讀成seven thirty;8:45讀成eight f

18、orty-five;(2to past 表示。在半小時(shí)包括半小時(shí)以內(nèi)用幾分 past 幾點(diǎn)如： 6：10讀成ten past six;7:30讀成half past seven;過(guò)了半小時(shí)用下一個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)差幾分如： 7：45讀成a quarter to eight;9:50讀成ten to ten;基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的方法th; t、d(即 first, second, third);teve f 替eigheighth; nineninth; five- fifth ;twelvetwelfth；ty y ie th twentytwentieth；fortyfortieth);幾十幾十位為基個(gè)位為

19、序如其次十一為twenty-first。另外強(qiáng)調(diào)序數(shù)詞前肯定要加 the。日期的表示法the+序數(shù)詞+ of +月如:三月三日 the third of March;1225 日 the 25th of December.both 表示兩者都如：My parents are both teachers.all 表示三者以上都如：The students are all very excited.節(jié)日的表示法day on.沒(méi)有 day at,如： at Christmas;on Christmas Day;at New Year;on New Years Day.感動(dòng)興奮的excited 表示感

20、動(dòng)的，興奮地主語(yǔ)是人；exciting 表示令人感動(dòng)的，令人興奮的主語(yǔ)是事情如：The running race is very exciting,so all the students are very excited.賽跑格外令人感動(dòng)，因此全部的學(xué)生都很感動(dòng)。比較兩者比較用比較級(jí)，三者以上比較用最高級(jí)如：Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does誰(shuí)跑得更快，男孩還是女孩？男孩。Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.你最寵愛(ài)哪個(gè)季節(jié)？我最寵愛(ài)秋天。Which season do you like better, summer or winter