專業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯(匯編)

1、 7/7專業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯(匯編) 環(huán)境生物學(xué) 生境habitat 耐受極限limits of tolerance 最小因子定律law of minimum 生物檢測(cè)bioassay 環(huán)境脅迫environmental stress 生物多樣性bio-diversity 生態(tài)位niche 生命周期life cycle 生態(tài)型ecotype 自養(yǎng)生物autotrophy 異養(yǎng)生物heterotroph 指數(shù)增長(zhǎng)exponential growth 互利共生mutualism 偏利共生commensalisms 寄生parasitism 衍生物derivative 殺蟲劑insecticide 殺菌劑f

2、ungicide 除草劑herbicide 防腐劑preservative 殺鼠劑rodenticide 無(wú)殘留農(nóng)藥non-persistent pesticide 植物性農(nóng)藥phytopesticide 污水灌溉sewage irrigation 世界自然歷史遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)地world natural and historical heritage site 儲(chǔ)量stock 過(guò)度捕獲over-hunting; over-fishing 獵（漁）期open season 農(nóng)業(yè)殘?jiān)黙gricultural dregs 赤潮red tide 藻花algae bloom/水花water bloom 原生污

3、染物primary pollutant 次生污染物secondary pollutant 急性毒性實(shí)驗(yàn)acute toxicity test 慢性毒性實(shí)驗(yàn)chronic toxicity test 預(yù)備實(shí)驗(yàn)screening test; range-finding test; preliminary test 稀釋dilution 歸宿fate 生物積累bioaccumulation 生物濃縮bioconcentration 生物放大biomagnification 生物降解biological degradation; biodegradation 生物營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)biotic nutrient

4、 多污生物帶polysaprobic zone 中污生物帶mesosaprobic zone 寡污生物帶oligosaprobic zone 敏感種sensitive species; intolerant organism 耐污種tolerant species 生物濾池biological filter 凈化塘/氧化塘/生物塘purification pond 生物膜biomembrane; biological film 輪作crop rotation 間作intercropping 套種interplanting 基塘模式farm land and fish pond model 防護(hù)

5、林帶shelter belt 沼氣marsh gas 農(nóng)家肥farm manure 堆肥piled manure 城市熱島效應(yīng)urban heat island effect 城市生態(tài)規(guī)劃urban ecological planning 環(huán)境激素endocrine disrupting chemicals; endocrine disruptors 邊緣效應(yīng)edge effect 生態(tài)恢復(fù)ecological restoration 恢復(fù)生態(tài)學(xué)restoration ecological 環(huán)境化學(xué) 甲基汞methyl mercury 鎘米cadmium rice 農(nóng)藥殘留pesticide

6、residue 有機(jī)氯農(nóng)藥organochlorine pesticide 有機(jī)磷農(nóng)藥organophosphorous pesticide 氨基甲酸酯殺蟲劑carbamate insecticide 精品文檔 擬除蟲菊酯殺蟲劑pyrethroid insecticide 植物生長(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)劑growth regulator 化學(xué)致癌物chemical carcinogen 表面活性劑surfactant 多氯聯(lián)苯類polychlorinated biphenyls;PCBs 多環(huán)芳烴類polyaromtic hydrocarbon; PAH 催化（催化作用）catalysis 臭氧化ozoniza

7、tion 光化學(xué)氧化劑photochemical oxidant 過(guò)氧乙酰硝酸酯peroxyacetyl nitrate；PAN 干沉降dry deposition 濕沉降wet deposition 光化學(xué)煙霧photochemical smog 大氣光化學(xué)atmospheric photochemistry 降水化學(xué)precipitation chemistry 氣溶膠化學(xué)aerosol chemistry 懸浮顆粒物suspended particulate 總懸浮顆粒物total suspended particulates(TSP) 飄塵（可吸入顆粒物或可吸入塵）airborne p

8、article 降塵（落塵）dustfall；falling dust 氣溶膠aerosol 水質(zhì)water quality 鹽度salinity 氧化還原電位oxidation-reduction potential；redox potential 溶解氧dissolved oxygen 化學(xué)需氧量chemical oxygen demand 生化需氧量biochemical oxygen demand 總有機(jī)碳total organic carbon 溶解度solubility 聚集aggregation 絮凝flocculation 凝聚coagulation 離子交換ion excha

9、nge 萃取extraction 緩沖溶液buffer solution 氧平衡模式（氧垂曲線）oxygen balance model 吸收劑(吸附劑)absorbent 活性炭active carbon 氧化劑oxidant 還原劑reductant 膠團(tuán)micelle 膠體溶液colloidal solution 脫硫劑desulfurization agent 電滲析electrodialysis 萃取劑extracting agent 過(guò)濾filter 絮凝劑flocculant；flocculating agent 無(wú)機(jī)絮凝劑inorganic flocculant 有機(jī)高分子絮凝

10、劑organic polymer flocculant 中和法neutralization 反滲透膜reverse osmosis membrane 硅膠silica gel 蒸汽蒸餾steam distillation 超濾膜ultrafilter membrane 靈敏度sensitivity 準(zhǔn)確度accuracy 精密度precision 可靠性reliability 檢測(cè)限detection limit 相對(duì)誤差relative error 絕對(duì)誤差absolute error 偶然誤差accidental error 平均偏差mean deviation 采樣誤差sampling

11、error 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液standard solution 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)物質(zhì)standard substance 允許誤差allowable error 允許濃度allowable concentration 微量分析microanalysis 痕量分析trace analysis 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)分析in-situ analysis 儀器分析instrumental analysis 水質(zhì)分析water quality analysis 比色分析colorimetric analysis 沉降分析sedimentation analysis 自動(dòng)分析automatic analysis 原子吸收分光光度法atomi

12、c absorption spectrophotometry 原子吸收分光光度計(jì)atomic absorption spectrophotometer 原子熒光光譜法atomic fluorescence spectrometry 原子熒光光譜儀atomic fluorescence spectrometer 電化學(xué)分析法electrochemical method 高效液相色譜法high performance liquid chromatography 高效液相色譜儀high performance liquid 精品文檔 chromatograph 氣相色譜分析gas chromatog

13、raphy 氣相色譜儀gas chromatograph 采樣器sampler 大氣采樣器air sampler 底泥采樣器sediment sampler pH計(jì)pH meter 濕度計(jì)hygrometer 固定大氣污染源stationary sources of air pollution 移動(dòng)大氣污染源mobile sources of air pollution 固定式水污染源stationary sources of water pollution 移動(dòng)式水污染源mobile sources of water pollution 污染負(fù)荷pollution load 污染源調(diào)查sur

14、vey of pollution sources 無(wú)污染工藝pollution-free technology 無(wú)污染裝置pollution-free installation 污染物總量控制total amount control of pollution 水質(zhì)參數(shù)water quality parameter 水溫water temperature 色度color index 透明度transparency 混濁度turbidity 硬度hardness 感官污染指標(biāo)sensuous pollution index 毒理學(xué)污染指標(biāo)physical pollution index 化學(xué)污染指

15、標(biāo)chemical pollution index 細(xì)菌學(xué)污染指標(biāo)bacteriological pollution index 毒理學(xué)污染指標(biāo)toxicological pollution index 城市污水municipal sewage 生活污水domestic sewage 工業(yè)廢水industrial wastewater 常規(guī)分析指標(biāo)index of routine analysis 環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)environmental monitoring 過(guò)程監(jiān)測(cè)course monitoring 污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)pollution discharge standard 總量排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)total

16、amount of pollution discharge standard 優(yōu)先監(jiān)測(cè)priority monitoring 環(huán)境優(yōu)先污染物environmental priority pollutant 總固體total solids 可吸入微粒(可吸入塵和飄塵)inhale particles 濁度計(jì)turbidimeter 實(shí)驗(yàn)室質(zhì)量控制laboratory quality conrol 空白實(shí)驗(yàn)值blank value 平行樣duplicate samples 再現(xiàn)性(重現(xiàn)性)reproducibility 重復(fù)性repeatability 回收率recovery rate 檢出限de

17、tection limit 冷原子吸收法cold-vapor atomic absorption method 紫外吸收光譜法ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry 重量分析gravimetric analysis 內(nèi)標(biāo)法internal marker method 定性分析qualitative analysis 定量分析quantitive analysis 試樣前處理pre-treatment 均值mean value 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差standard error 方差variation 回歸分析regression analysis 相關(guān)分析correl

18、ation analysis 相關(guān)系數(shù)correlation coefficient 系統(tǒng)誤差systematic error 隨機(jī)誤差random error 有效數(shù)字valid figure 農(nóng)藥殘留分析pesticide residue analysis 排污收費(fèi)effluent charge 室內(nèi)空氣污染indoor air pollution 水體自凈self-purification of water body 水土保持soil and water conservation 水土流失soil erosion 土壤修復(fù)soil-remediation 生物修復(fù)bioremediati

19、on 光降解photodegradation 溫室氣體greenhouse gases 總量收費(fèi)total quantity charge 超臨界流體supercritical fluid 土壤采樣soil pollution 環(huán)境物理學(xué) 精品文檔 光輻射(光)visible radiation 紅外線infrared ray 紫外線ultraviolet ray 滅菌燈bactericidal lamp 光污染light pollution 噪聲污染noise pollution 混響reverberation 聽力損失hearing loss 絕對(duì)濕度absolute humidity 相

20、對(duì)濕度relative humidity 飽和度saturation ratio 冷凝condensation 露點(diǎn)溫度dew point temperature 熱輻射thermal radiation 比熱specific heat 空氣調(diào)節(jié)air conditioning 通風(fēng)ventilation 環(huán)境工程學(xué) 環(huán)境污染綜合防治integrated prevention and control of pollution 稀釋比dilution ratio 遷移transfer 紊流擴(kuò)散turbulent diffusion 氧虧(虧氧量)oxygen deficit 復(fù)氧reaerati

21、on 溶解氧下垂曲線dissolved-oxygen sag curve 飽和溶解氧saturated dissolved 無(wú)污染燃料pollution-free fuel 燃燒combustion 空氣燃料比air-to-fuel ratio 煙氣分析analysis of flue gas 煤的綜合利用comprehensive utilization of coal 脫硫desulfurization 除塵效率particle collection efficiency 分割粒徑cut diameter for particles 壓力損失（壓力降）pressure drop 機(jī)械除塵器

22、mechanical collector 重力沉降室gravity settling chamber 慣性除塵器inertial dust separator 旋風(fēng)除塵器cyclone collector 回流式旋風(fēng)除塵器reverse-flow cyclone collector 直流旋風(fēng)除塵器straight-through cyclone collector 多管旋風(fēng)除塵器multiple cyclone collector 過(guò)濾除塵器filter 袋式除塵器bag house 濾料filtration media 氣布比air-to-cloth ratio 機(jī)械振動(dòng)清灰袋式除塵器bag house with shake cleaning 逆氣流清灰袋式除塵器bag house with reverse-flow cleaning 脈沖噴吹清灰袋式除塵器bag house with pulse-jet cleaning 靜電除塵electrostatic precipitator (ESP) 電暈放電corona discharge 驅(qū)進(jìn)速度drift