2009年工程碩士GCT英語考試完型填空指導(dǎo)二

1、2009年工程碩士GCT英語考試完型填空指導(dǎo)二 I. 做完型填空題的步驟 完型填空題也是一種閱讀理解，但不同于一般的閱讀理解題，由于10處抽空失去較多信息，全文思想內(nèi)容斷斷續(xù)續(xù)，主題線索若隱若現(xiàn)，大大增加了題目的復(fù)雜性，沒有合理的做題步驟會(huì)造成次序混亂，效率低下。 首先瀏覽全文，不為空白處困擾，充分利用已知信息，把握文章大意。其中，讀懂首句十分重要。前文已介紹，第一句一般不抽詞，是完整的，就是給考生留作線索，一定要加以利用。 此外，完形填空題要求考生從內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)上將文章補(bǔ)全，因此整篇文章有其中心思想，并具有完整性和邏輯性，從英語文章的習(xí)慣來看，第一句話往往是引領(lǐng)全文主旨的主題句，或者是引出主題

2、思想的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。從第一句話我們一般就能知道：主要的論點(diǎn)和主張；事物的性質(zhì)特點(diǎn)、范圍、大致發(fā)展趨勢和歸屬；事物發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、環(huán)境、主要人物等。我們看下面的例子： The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. In speaking, the choice of words is 1 the utmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of 2 breakdown in the commu

3、nication cycle. Too often, careless use of words 3 a meeting of the mind of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may 4 unfavorable reactions in the listener 5 interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission-reception system breaks down. 6 , inaccurate or indefinite words

4、 may make 7 difficult for the listener to understand the 8 which is being transmitted to him. The speaker who does not have specific words in working vocabulary may be 9 to explain or describe in a 10 that can be understood by listeners. 首句：The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relati

5、on to language is the word. 就語言而言，可以討論的首要的以及最小的單位就是單詞。 接下來，文章討論了說話時(shí)選詞的重要性，選詞不當(dāng)會(huì)造成交流的障礙，甚至引起聽話人的不快。這兒的首句就是提出了全篇要討論的話題。 除了首句，尾句也包含著重要已知信息，往往是全文的總結(jié)歸納，值得關(guān)注。此外，每一題供選的四個(gè)答案也是可利用的信息，有助于理解部分篇章乃至全文。很多段落，一般考生不看選項(xiàng)提示很難瀏覽出個(gè)所以然來。 Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and

6、the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 1 . As was discussed before, it was not 2 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 3 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 4 of the periodical. A between B before C

7、 since D until 第二步，有了對(duì)全文大致的理解，就要開始對(duì)題目逐個(gè)解答。做題按順序進(jìn)行，不要隨意挑著去做，因?yàn)橥晷晤}短文都具有相對(duì)完整的主題大意，前后邏輯連貫，按順序做有利于更好的理解，提高答題速度和正確率。 同樣道理，要盡量保持做題進(jìn)程的流暢，不能因某些難點(diǎn)而停滯不前，影響閱讀理解的連續(xù)性，降低選答正確率。 第三步，初步選完答案后，重新推敲疑難之處。往往由于初選階段讀完全文，理解加深，原來所謂疑難題的答案會(huì)水落石出。 第四步，如果時(shí)間允許，重讀全篇，理解會(huì)隨之進(jìn)一步加深，對(duì)錯(cuò)漏之處也將看得更清。具體從語義和邏輯的角度看，如果有意義含混或矛盾，應(yīng)該根據(jù)文章的思想內(nèi)容來考慮；從語法上

8、看，要檢查所完成的句子是否主謂一致，時(shí)態(tài)正確，名詞、代詞的性、格是否一致，動(dòng)詞、形容詞、名詞與介詞的搭配是否準(zhǔn)確無誤。 如果初選效果理想, 第三四步也就免了。一般來說，瀏覽，即第一步需要1分鐘；答題，即第二和第三步，需要約6分鐘；復(fù)讀檢查，第四步，需要2-3分鐘左右。 Industrial safety does not just happen. Companies 1 low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them 2 an

9、d active. When the work is well done, a 3 of accident-free operations is established 4 time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum. Successful safety programs may 5 greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress sa

10、fe work practices by 6 rules or regulations. 7 others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained. There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial stand-point a

11、lone, safety 8 . The fewer the injury 9 , the better the workmans insurance rate. This may mean the difference between operating at 10 or at a loss. 1. A at B in C on Dwith 2. A alive B vivid C mobile D diverse 3. A regulation B climate C circumstance D requirement 4. A where B how C what D unless 5. A alter B differ C shift D distinguish 6. A constituting B aggravating C observing D justifying 7. A Some B Many C Even D Still 8. A comes off B turns up C pays off D holds up 9. A claims B reports C declarations D