2022秋新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit11ConflictandCompromisePeriod5WritingWorkshop課件北師大版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

1、UNIT 11CONFLICT AND COMPROMISEPeriod FiveWriting Workshop課前自主預(yù)習(xí)1ban vt. _ n._2invest vi. &vt. _ 3tobacco n._4cigarette n._5alcohol n._6fried adj. _重點(diǎn)單詞禁止，取締禁令，禁止投資煙葉，煙草香煙含酒精飲品；酒油炸的，油煎的7_ vt. 傷害 n.損害，危害8_ n.稅，稅款9_ adj. 不正確的，錯(cuò)的；假的，不真實(shí)的10_ adj. 理想的，值得擁有的；值得做的11_adj. 有利的，有幫助的，有用的12_ vt. 作出結(jié)論，推斷出harmtaxf

2、alsedesirablebeneficialconclude1an opinion essay_2result in_3bring in_4be beneficial to_5health of nation_重點(diǎn)詞塊一份意見性文章/評(píng)論性文章導(dǎo)致；結(jié)果帶來(lái)；引起有利于；有益于民族的健康6根據(jù)某人的觀點(diǎn)_7例如_8更進(jìn)一步_9不太可能_10總之_in ones opinionsuch asgo furthermuch less likely toto conclude(P40)_(總之), laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products

3、 are beneficial to society. 【答案】To conclude重點(diǎn)句式課堂新知講練1cigarette n.香煙(P40)In many countries, there are already laws which do not allow advertising for tobacco products like cigarettes. 【翻譯】在很多國(guó)家，已經(jīng)有不允許登煙草產(chǎn)品廣告的法律，如香煙。詞匯拓講【語(yǔ)言提升】cigarette 紙煙；香煙；卷煙(復(fù)數(shù)為cigarettes)A cigarette spark started the fire. 香煙的火星引

4、起了火災(zāi)。There is not any cigarette in that box. 那個(gè)盒子里沒有香煙。No cigarette is completely harmless. 沒有香煙是完全無(wú)害的。Drop your cigarette ashes into the ashtray. 請(qǐng)把香煙灰彈在煙灰缸里。Watching her, I lit a cigarette and said I didnt think a sense of humour was of any use in a real cinch. 我點(diǎn)了一根香煙，望著她說(shuō)，我認(rèn)為，在生活真正陷入窘境的時(shí)候幽默感沒有什么

5、用場(chǎng)。【歸納拓展】cigarette case 香煙盒cigarette holder 煙斗cigarette paper 卷煙紙；香煙紙；自卷煙紙；盤紙cigarette lighter 打火機(jī)electronic cigarette 電子煙；電子香煙cigarette smoking 吸煙cigarette ash 煙灰cigarette end 煙頭cigarette box 香煙盒【易混辨析】cigar，cigarette，tobacco這些名詞均有“煙”之意。 cigar指雪茄煙。cigarette指紙煙。tobacco指煙草、煙葉、煙絲?！踞槍?duì)練習(xí)】完成句子(1)The cause

6、 of the fire was _. 火災(zāi)的起因是一個(gè)煙頭。(2)This time he left some _ in one of our drawers. 這一次他留下來(lái)一些煙灰在我們的抽屜里?！敬鸢浮?1)a cigarette end(2)cigarette ash(3)_ is responsible for about 90% of deaths from lung cancer. 因患肺癌而死亡者，約90%是吸煙所致。(4)Even the smallest metallic object, whether a nail file or _，is immediately co

7、nfiscated. 即便是最小的金屬物品，不論是指甲銼刀還是打火機(jī)，都會(huì)立刻被沒收?！敬鸢浮?3)Cigarette smoking(4)cigarette lighter2harm vt. 傷害 n.損害，危害(P40)Undoubtedly, unhealthy products harm our health. 【翻譯】毋庸置疑，不健康的產(chǎn)品有害于我們的健康?！菊Z(yǔ)言提升】harm n.傷害；損失；損害；壞處；危險(xiǎn)v傷害；不利于；有損于；損害的健康過(guò)去式：harmed過(guò)去分詞：harmed現(xiàn)在分詞：harming第三人稱單數(shù)：harms復(fù)數(shù)：harmsHot water will har

8、m the plants. 熱水會(huì)傷害花草。He would never harm anyone. 他永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)傷害任何人。Did the storm do any harm to the corn?風(fēng)暴損害莊稼了沒有？Never do anything to harm the interests of the people. 決不能做損害人民利益的事。Everyone should learn to indemnify oneself against harm. 每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會(huì)使自己不受傷害。harmful adj. 有害的；能造成損害的Continuous exposure to soun

9、d above 80 decibels could be harmful. 持續(xù)暴露于超過(guò)80分貝的聲音可能對(duì)身體有害。harmfully adv. 有害地；傷害地Frequent excessive consumption can harmfully interfere with the users well-being. 頻繁過(guò)多地使用就會(huì)對(duì)使用者造成內(nèi)在的危害。harmfulness n.傷害；有害The cause and harmfulness of blowout out of control in the oil and gas fields are analyzed in th

10、is paper. 本文分析了油氣田井噴失控的原因和危害。harmless adj. 無(wú)害的；無(wú)惡意的Although it may look unpleasant, this condition is harmless and usually clears up with regular shampooing. 盡管這可能不好看，但這種情況是無(wú)害的，并且經(jīng)常洗頭通?？梢韵armlessness n. 無(wú)害，無(wú)害性；無(wú)惡意The right use of power is power based upon harmlessness. 權(quán)力的正確用法是基于無(wú)害之上?！練w納拓展】do ha

11、rm to 有害于；有損于come to harm 遭受不幸；受到損害【易混辨析】hurt，injure，wound，harm，damage，disable這些動(dòng)詞均有“損害，傷害”之意。hurt是普通用詞，較口語(yǔ)化，側(cè)重指給有生命的東西造成機(jī)體上或精神、感情上的或輕或重的傷害。injure較hurt正式，多用于有生命的事物；既可指損害別人的物品，如傷害別人的健康、外貌、自尊心、名譽(yù)等，又可指使別人受傷或東西受損，同時(shí)含有受傷害部分至少暫時(shí)喪失功能的意味。wound專指對(duì)身體的重傷，尤指在戰(zhàn)斗中受的傷，強(qiáng)調(diào)外部創(chuàng)傷；也可指精神方面的傷害。 harm主要用于有生命的東西，語(yǔ)氣略強(qiáng)于injure，

12、指引起嚴(yán)重的痛苦和損傷；有時(shí)也用于抽象事物，指造成任何不良后果。 damage通常指對(duì)無(wú)生命物體的損害，并有降低其價(jià)值，破壞其功能等的后果。 disable強(qiáng)調(diào)使傷殘。【針對(duì)練習(xí)】單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Testers have to be sure that new drugs will not interact _ (harmful)(2)The human organ trade has great _(harmful) to public society. 【答案】(1)harmfully(2)harmfulness(3)Womens magazines just dont publish

13、articles on the _ (harm) effects of smoking. (4)Cell phone companies have been all too eager to stress their products _ (harmless)【答案】(3)harmful(4)harmlessness完成句子(5)All dogs are capable of _ human beings. 所有的狗都能對(duì)人造成傷害。(6)This experiment _ the animals. 這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)動(dòng)物無(wú)害?！敬鸢浮?5)doing harm to(6)was harmless t

14、o(7)The drug is to be reclassified after trials showed it to _ previously thought. 試驗(yàn)顯示，這種藥比先前想象的危害更大，要重新歸類?！敬鸢浮?7)be more harmful than 3desirable adj. 理想的，值得擁有的；值得做的(P40)It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food. 【翻譯】很明顯，限制速食品的電視廣告是值得做的。【語(yǔ)言提升】desirableadj. 合意的；理想的；可取的；動(dòng)人的比較級(jí)：

15、more desirable最高級(jí)：most desirable n稱心如意的東西；合意的人；好的品質(zhì)(復(fù)數(shù)為desirables)Prolonged negotiation was not desirable. 拖得很長(zhǎng)的談判是不受歡迎的。It is desirable that interest rates be reduced. 利率下調(diào)是可取的。When I do my best to imagine some kind of existence that would be desirable or attractive forever, it just doesnt work. It

16、 becomes a nightmare. 當(dāng)我盡我所能去想象一種永遠(yuǎn)令人向往或有吸引力的存在時(shí)，根本想象不出。那總會(huì)變成一場(chǎng)噩夢(mèng)。desirably adv. 令人向往地；合意地；有魅力地Exceed their expectations desirably. 超越他們的預(yù)期。desirableness n.滿意；愿望desirability n.愿望；有利條件；值得向往的事物；合意(復(fù)數(shù) desirabilities)Almost all advocates of early withdrawal stress the desirability of co-operation with I

17、raqs neighbours. 幾乎所有支持盡早撤軍的人都強(qiáng)調(diào)與伊拉克鄰國(guó)合作的意愿。desire n.欲望；要求，心愿vt. 想要；要求；希望得到vi. 渴望I had a strong desire to help and care for people. 我有一股強(qiáng)烈的渴望去幫助和關(guān)心他人?！練w納拓展】desire to 希望desire for 渴望；要求desirable partner 理想的伙伴desirable criteria 理想標(biāo)準(zhǔn)desirable effect 最佳效果【針對(duì)練習(xí)】單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Such measures are _(desire), if no

18、t essential. (2)No one questions the _(desirable) of cheaper fares. 【答案】(1)desirable(2)desirability(3)I would like to make friends with my goddess you so _ (desirable)(4)They were asked to bear in mind factors such as originality, authenticity, _ (desirable) and uniqueness. (5)Crawford suggested the

19、 greater _(desirable) of some carriage which might convey more than two. 【答案】(3)desirably(4)desirability(5)desirableness完成句子(6)She _ be a dancer but failed to make the grade. 她渴望成為一名舞蹈家但沒有成功。(7)Everyone _ success, but not everyone has the courage and determination to pursue it. 每個(gè)人都渴望成功，但并不是每個(gè)人都有勇氣和

20、決心去追求成功。【答案】(6)had a strong desire to(7)has a desire for4conclude vt. 做出結(jié)論，推斷出(P40)To conclude, laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products are beneficial to society. 【翻譯】總之，禁止不健康產(chǎn)品的電視廣告的法律對(duì)社會(huì)是大有裨益的?！菊Z(yǔ)言提升】concludevt. 使結(jié)束；做出結(jié)論；推斷；斷定；總結(jié)；結(jié)束；下結(jié)論；訂立；締結(jié)；決定過(guò)去式：concluded過(guò)去分詞：concluded現(xiàn)在分詞：concluding

21、第三人稱單數(shù)：concludesSo what should we conclude from these data?我們能從這些數(shù)據(jù)中得出什么結(jié)論呢？From the evidence I must conclude that you are wrong. 從證據(jù)看，我敢斷定你錯(cuò)了。He had concluded that his beloved career was robbing him of his life. 他得出結(jié)論說(shuō)，他所熱愛的事業(yè)正在奪走他的生命。concluding adj. 最后的；結(jié)尾的；結(jié)束的His concluding keynote speech was the

22、 highlight of the conference, in my opinion. 依我來(lái)看，她結(jié)束時(shí)的主旨發(fā)言是研討會(huì)的重點(diǎn)。conclusion n.結(jié)論；結(jié)局；推論(復(fù)數(shù) conclusions)She considers that it is too early to form a definite conclusion. 她認(rèn)為下確切的結(jié)論還為時(shí)過(guò)早。conclusive adj. 決定性的；最后的；確實(shí)的；確定性的Her attorneys claim there is no conclusive evidence that any murders took place. 她

23、的律師們聲稱沒有任何發(fā)生過(guò)謀殺的確鑿證據(jù)。conclusively adv. 最后地；決定性地She said if the world did not act conclusively now, it would only bequeath the problem to future generations. 她說(shuō)如果世人現(xiàn)在不采取正確的行動(dòng)，那只會(huì)把問(wèn)題遺留給后代?！練w納拓展】conclude with 以結(jié)束in conclusion 總之come to a conclusion 得出結(jié)論；告終draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論；推斷【易混辨析】infer，deduce，con

24、clude，gather，judge這些動(dòng)詞均含“推斷”之意。 infer指從已提供的論據(jù)或從已接受的前提出發(fā)而推斷出的結(jié)論。 deduce指有充分根據(jù)的推論，也指邏輯學(xué)上的演繹。 conclude指得出符合邏輯的結(jié)論。 gather指從聽到的情況推測(cè)、判定。 judge多指經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)鑒定或評(píng)價(jià)之后做出決斷?！踞槍?duì)練習(xí)】單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Let me make just a few _(conclude)remarks. (2)It is entirely possible, but not yet _ (conclusive) proven. 【答案】(1)concluding(2)concl

25、usively(3)Larry _(conclude) that he had no choice but to accept Pauls words as the truth. (4)At the _(conclude) of the programme, I asked the children if they had any questions they wanted to ask me. (5)If you want change in your life to be permanent, strong, and _(conclude), you need a support grou

26、p. 【答案】(3)had concluded(4)conclusion(5)conclusive完成句子(6)Lets _ some tips for putting this idea into practice. 讓我們來(lái)總結(jié)一些把這個(gè)想法付諸實(shí)踐的小提示吧。(7)So what can we _ this debate? 那么從這場(chǎng)辯論中我們能推斷出什么呢？【答案】(6)conclude with(7)conclude from(8)The evening _ dinner and speeches. 這個(gè)夜晚以晚宴和演講告一段落。(9)Over the years Ive _ tha

27、t shes a very great musician. 這些年我得出的結(jié)論是，她是一位非常偉大的音樂家?！敬鸢浮?8)concluded with(9)come to the conclusion(10)_，walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable, and readily available form of exercise. 綜上所述，散步是一種廉價(jià)、安全、有趣而又隨時(shí)可以開展的運(yùn)動(dòng)形式?！敬鸢浮?10)In conclusion(P40)To conclude, laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy pro

28、ducts are beneficial to society. 【翻譯】總之，禁止不健康產(chǎn)品的電視廣告的法律對(duì)社會(huì)是大有裨益的。【句式剖析】to conclude意為“總之；總而言之；最后”。不定式作獨(dú)立成分，表示總結(jié)。句式解讀【句式提升】to conclude常用作插入語(yǔ)。To conclude, I wish to thank all of you for your continuous interest in and strong support for Chinas development and China-US friendship. 最后，我要感謝你們長(zhǎng)期關(guān)心和大力支持中國(guó)發(fā)展

29、與中美友誼。To conclude: Before we can understand each other and resolve our differences, we must understand where we come from and recognise our primal urges for what they are. 總而言之，在我們互相了解，解決分歧之前，我們必須明白自身的處境，意識(shí)到最后人類本身最初的欲望。類似地，表示“總結(jié)”的表達(dá)還有：in short, in a word, in brief, all in all, in conclusion。In brief

30、, the world is in deep recession. 簡(jiǎn)言之，世界正陷入深度衰退。In a word, that boy had everything that goes to make life precious. 總而言之，那個(gè)男孩擁有一切讓他的生命變得珍貴的東西。In short, everything succeeded so well that the youngest daughter began to think the master of the house was a mighty civil gentleman. 總之，一切都進(jìn)行得很順利，因此小女兒就開始認(rèn)為

31、這家的主人是一位非常有禮貌的紳士。All in all, at least at this stage, its unlikely that online learning will evolve into the dominant form of education. 總而言之，至少在現(xiàn)階段，網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)不太可能發(fā)展成為教育的主導(dǎo)形式。【針對(duì)練習(xí)】完成句子(1)_ _ _，it had been a great success. 總的說(shuō)來(lái)，那是一個(gè)巨大的成功。(2)_ _，it can be a chore. 總之，它可能是一件苦差事?！敬鸢浮?1)All in all(2)In short(3

32、)_ _ _，they can do everything they like with money. 總之，他們用金錢能做到他們喜歡做的一切。(4)_ _，the meeting was a disaster. 總之，那會(huì)議糟透了?！敬鸢浮?3)In a word(4)In brief(5)_ _，I would like to borrow another ancient saying that “He laughs best who laughs last”我將用另一句古語(yǔ)來(lái)總結(jié)這篇文章，即“笑到最后的人笑得最好”?！敬鸢浮?5)To conclude隨堂知能小練一、單詞拼寫1Canad

33、a will _(禁止) smoking in all offices later this year. 2Dont indulge in rich sauces, _(油炸的) food, and thick pastry as these are high in fat. 3They might well be prepared to do you _(傷害) in order to achieve their purpose. 【答案】1ban2fried3harm4Although not essential, some prior knowledge of statistics is

34、 _(值得擁有的)5It can be _(有利的) to share your feelings with someone you trust. 6From the three pieces of advice offered by the author, we can _(推斷出) that Yoga has nothing to do with culture. 【答案】4desirable5beneficial6conclude二、單句語(yǔ)法填空1Romance needs to be created; _(desirable) seeking romance also becomes

35、is not romantic. 2They had the foresight _(invest) in new technology. 3We all know that baked or _(fry) food may be tasty, but eating too much of them will probably lead to some illnesses. 【答案】1desirably2to invest3fried4His only vice(缺點(diǎn)) is to get drunk on champagne after _(conclude) a successful pi

36、ece of business. 5Smoking is not only _(harm) to smokers themselves, but also threatens other peoples health. 6While a moderate amount of stress can be _ (benefit), too much stress can exhaust you. 【答案】4concluding5harmful6beneficial三、完成句子1The technology, _，could have applications in such fields as m

37、ilitary, medicine and public safety. 在我看來(lái)，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以應(yīng)用于軍事、醫(yī)藥和公共安全等領(lǐng)域。2Lung cancer has now overtaken breast cancer _ death for women in the US. 肺癌現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)取代乳腺癌成為美國(guó)女性的一大殺手?！敬鸢浮?in my opinion2as a cause of3Modern computers can organise _ data very quickly. 現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)能迅速處理大量的信息資料。4Research opportunities exist in _ a

38、reas. 研究機(jī)會(huì)存在于廣泛的領(lǐng)域中?！敬鸢浮?large amounts of4a wide range of5_，he served as a visiting professor at several American universities. 除此之外，他還是幾所美國(guó)大學(xué)的訪問(wèn)教授。6They also focus on deeper, more important qualities in the match that _ society. 他們也關(guān)注比賽中所體現(xiàn)的更深層次、更重要的特質(zhì)，那些有利于社會(huì)的特質(zhì)?！敬鸢浮?In addition6are beneficial to寫

39、作高效提升regarding關(guān)于complaint from來(lái)自的抱怨be in trouble處于困境中；帶來(lái)麻煩had a bad influence有壞的影響話題短語(yǔ)take action采取行動(dòng)be grateful不勝感激look into the matter調(diào)查這個(gè)事情on the contrary相反expecting an early reply期待盡快的答復(fù)【引人入勝的開頭句】This letter is a complaint concerning the actions of one of your salespersons. 這封信是關(guān)于你的一個(gè)銷售人員的投訴。I a

40、m writing to express my dissatisfaction/disappointment/ concern regarding accommodation. 我寫信是為了表達(dá)對(duì)住宿的不滿/失望/擔(dān)憂。話題佳句【精彩紛呈的篇中句】I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommates inconsiderate behaviour. 我必須說(shuō)明，我不滿的原因是我的室友不顧他人的行為。She then said in a rude tone that if I couldnt find one,

41、 it meant that the store didnt have it, and that I needed to look somewhere else. 然后她用粗魯?shù)穆曇粽f(shuō)，如果我找不出一件，這意味著這家商店沒有它，以及我需要到別處看看。【回味無(wú)窮的結(jié)尾句】I am sure you will agree that the only solution for me is to move into a room of my own. Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, prefe

42、rably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible. 我相信你會(huì)同意，我唯一的解決辦法就是搬進(jìn)自己的房間里。因此，如果你能為我找到一個(gè)單間，最好不要在同一棟建筑，但盡可能靠近大學(xué)校園，我將不勝感激。I felt that Ms. Wang was rude. I hope that you will look into the matter: I shop frequently at your store and I look forward to a more pleasurable sho

43、pping experience next time. 我覺得，王女士很粗魯。我期望你會(huì)調(diào)查此事：我經(jīng)常在你們店里購(gòu)物，我期待著下次購(gòu)物會(huì)有一個(gè)更愉快的購(gòu)物經(jīng)驗(yàn)?！緦懽魅蝿?wù)】假定你是李華，看過(guò)廣告你買了某家公司的一種面霜(the cream)。廣告說(shuō)這種面霜含有一系列特殊物質(zhì)，安全、有效，可以消除臉上的斑點(diǎn)(spot)。但你第一次涂在臉上之后的第二天早上，就感到癢(tickle)，像蟲子在爬。而且用得越多，癥狀越嚴(yán)重。這嚴(yán)重影響了你的工作和生活。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫一封100詞左右的投訴信說(shuō)明情況，并要求該公司退貨、支付醫(yī)療費(fèi)用并嚴(yán)肅調(diào)查此事。寫作范例【寫作指導(dǎo)】一、審題1確定體裁：本文為投訴信；2確

44、定人稱：本文的主要人稱應(yīng)為第一人稱；3確定時(shí)態(tài)：本文時(shí)態(tài)主要應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。二、構(gòu)思第一部分：引出主題，說(shuō)明投訴原因；第二部分：詳細(xì)說(shuō)出投訴要點(diǎn)，給出具體的信息；第三部分：說(shuō)出要求。【學(xué)以致用】重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1抱怨 _2一系列的 _3去除 _4好像 _Keys：1complain about2a range of/a series of3keepout of/remove4as if/as though5意識(shí)到 _6副作用 _7調(diào)查 _8打算做某事 _Keys：5be aware of/realize6side effect7look into/research8be intended

45、to do sth. /plan to do sth. 完成句子1在廣告中，你們聲稱：面霜含有一系列特殊物質(zhì)，安全、有效，可以消除臉上的斑點(diǎn)。In your advertisement, you claim that the cream has _ special materials and is _，and it can keep the spots out of the face. Keys：1a range of；safe and effective2我第一次將其抹在臉上時(shí)，是認(rèn)真按照說(shuō)明操作的。_ I applied it to my face, I followed the inst

46、ructions carefully. 3我感到癢，像蟲子在爬。I felt my face tickling_something were crawling. Keys：2The first time3as if4我用得越多，癥狀越嚴(yán)重。_ I used it, _ the symptom became. 5這種面霜，嚴(yán)重影響了我的生活和工作。The cream _ my life and work. Keys：4The more; the worse5greatly affected6我要求該公司退掉面霜、支付醫(yī)療費(fèi)用并嚴(yán)肅調(diào)查此事。I want to send back this cre

47、am, meanwhile your company should _ the cost of medical service for my treatment and _ the matter seriously. Keys：6pay for; look into句式改寫7用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句升級(jí)句1In your advertisement, you claim that the cream has a range of special materials and is safe and effective，_. 8用強(qiáng)調(diào)句式改寫句5_ greatly affected my life and work. Keys：7which can keep the spots out of the face8It was the cream that 【參考范文】Dear Manager，Im writing to complain about your awful product “No spot” cream. In your