中考英語動詞不定式雙賓語

1、教學(xué)目標(biāo)動詞不定式的用法重占 難點(diǎn).動詞不定式的用法.雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)教學(xué)過程（內(nèi)容）備注動詞不定式的用法（1）及雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)一、動詞不定式作賓語生活當(dāng)中我們常遇到“努力去解決”“決定留下來”等表達(dá)方式，這兩個(gè)短語中 連續(xù)出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)動詞，在這種情況下用英語應(yīng)該如何表達(dá)呢？首先請看下面的例 句：We decided to stay for a cup of tea.我們決定留下來喝杯茶。I tried to understand the words.我努力理解這些話。I want to go to the teahouse. 我想去茶館。動詞不定式置于謂語動詞之后，作動詞的賓語，說明意圖、希望或決定的內(nèi)

2、容。 在英語中，并不是所有的兩個(gè)動詞連用的情況都是采用“動詞+不定式”的形式， 一般來說，用不定式時(shí)所表示的多為將來的行為。但是在具體使用中還要注意記 憶，因?yàn)閯釉~不同，對其后動詞形式的要求也就不同。常見的后面接“to +動詞原形”作賓語的動詞有：plan, decide, hope, want, agree, offer, try, like, love 等。雙賓語當(dāng)我們表達(dá)“給某人某物”時(shí)就出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)動詞的兩個(gè)承受者，一是物，二是 人，那么在英語中該如何排列呢？首先請看下面的例句：The play shows the audience life in China between 1898

3、and 1945.該劇向觀眾展示了 1898年至1945年期間中國的生活狀況。Waiters bring tea to the customers .服務(wù)員把茶端到顧客面前。以上兩個(gè)例子，例（1）采用了“動詞+人+物”的表達(dá)方式，例（2）采用了“動 詞+物+人的方式。句中動詞后面所接的是雙賓語，其中人（第一句中的the auidience與第二句中的everyone）為間接賓語，物（第一句中的life和第二句中 的tea）為直接賓語?？梢越与p賓語的動詞很多，常見的有:give, bring, lend, pass, send, show, leave, buy, tell, teach, se

4、ll 等。例如：My brother bougt me some story books.我哥哥給我買了 一些故事書。My uncle gave me a pretty birthday present.我叔叔給了我一個(gè)漂亮的生日禮物。Can you pass me that pencil?你能把那支鉛筆遞給我嗎？Who teaches you English?誰教你(們)英語？請注意：雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)為“動詞+物+人”時(shí)，間接賓語(人)前要加入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 根據(jù)動詞的不同，有時(shí)用to,有時(shí)用for.例如：My brother bought some storybooks for me.我哥哥給我買

5、了 一些故事書。Waiters bring tea to the customers.服務(wù)員給顧客上茶。其他常用的結(jié)構(gòu)包括：give sb. sth.= give sth. to sb. lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb.make sb. sth.= make sth. to sb. send sb. sth.= sende sth. to sb.show sb. sth.= showe sth. to sb. teach sb. sth.= teach sth. to sb.get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb. cook sb. sth.

6、 = cook sth. for sb.buy sb. sth.= buy sth. for sb.語法專練一、用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.1 hope (see) her soon. 2.Sports help (keep) people healthy.3.1 expect(enter) graduate school in fall.4.He cant decide when (start).found it difficult(work) out the math problem.asked him (show) me the new dictionary.He promised (not

7、 tell) anyone about it.句型轉(zhuǎn)換l.ril lend you something to read.(同義句)Ill lend something to read .ril returen the book to you tomorrow.(同 義句)Ill returen tomorrow.Get me a chair, will you?(同義句)Get a chair, will you?Mom bought me a new bike.(同義句)Mom bought a new bike .F11 send you an e-mail.(同義句)Ill send a

8、n e-mail . 單項(xiàng)選擇think people here are friendly. Do you agree me?A.with B.to C.on D.from.We saw him the building and go upstairs.A.to enter B.enterC.entersD.entered.The Chinese ping-pong players will join in the match. Lets them success.A.wish B.to wich C.hope D.to hope.- Jack seems like a good studen

9、t.- He is always the first his homework.A.finishesB.finishingC.finishedD.to finish.Fm going to a field trip but I havent decided .A.what to do B.to do what C.where to go D.to go where.He coughed(咳嗽)day and night. His wife asked him smoking.A.giving upB.going onC.to give up D.to go on.My mother makes

10、 me at the stadium every Sunday afternoon.A.danceB.dancedC.to danceD.dancing.The teacher told the students football on the street.A.played B.to play C.not play D.not to play用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空His greatest wish is(see) an end to wars.I asked him(show) me the new dictionary.He promised (not tell) anyone abou

11、t it.Have you finished (write) the letter?You should remember (bring) your homework to school.David hopes (pass) the English exam.David had fun (play) in the water.Darning enjoys (listen) to music.Lisa plans (watch) the magic show.rd like (borrow) some books from the library.動詞不定式(二)不定式在句中可作主語、表語、賓語

12、、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語、狀語等成分。一.作主語1不定式可做主語To hesitate means failure猶豫不決就意味著失敗2把it放在句首做形式主語，而把真正主語(不定式)放在句末。It is very difficult to solve this problem.二.作表語(不定式可做表語，說明或解釋主語的內(nèi)容)Our purpose is to finish the job in the three weeks.三.不定式作賓語 The children refused to listen to me1有些動詞常跟不定式做賓語：agree,offer,promise,choose,

13、decide,ask,hope,want,wish,planJeam,happen 等2如果動詞后有不定式做賓語而后又跟賓補(bǔ)，這時(shí)要用it做形式賓語，而將不定 式放到補(bǔ)語后 I find it difficult to solve this problem.四.不定式作賓補(bǔ)1有些動詞后常跟不定式做賓補(bǔ)My parents wont allow me to stay out late 這些動詞有： advise, allow,ask,invite,like, order,wantwish 等 五.不定式做定語1不定式用在the first,the second,the last,the next

14、,the only,等短語后面以及形容詞 最高級修飾的名詞后做定語He was the first to arrive.2不定式做定語與被修飾的中心詞之間常表現(xiàn)為動賓關(guān)系，He wants water to drink. He is a pleasant person to work with.六.不定式做狀語1 不定式做 目 的狀語。o be a good citizen, obeying the law is necessary七.連接詞+to do 的用法:連接詞 what, how, when, where, who, which 等+to do 可 做主語、表語、賓語等What to

15、 do next remains undecided （主）The teacher showed us how to do the experiment （賓）Our difficulty is where to get enough food （表） 八.用of還是用forlfor+名詞（或代詞賓格）+t。do,既可放在句首也可放在句尾，做主語，賓語, 表語，定語或狀語。形容詞往往用 easy, heavy, necessary, possible, important, difficult等表示事物性質(zhì)的形容詞。It is important for him to attend the m

16、eeting （主）二 For him to attend the meeting is importantWe consider it best for her to write the paper.（賓）His idea is for us to go in two different cars.（表）2在表示人物性格、特征等形容詞之后，常用of引出不定式的邏輯主語，of引 導(dǎo)的不定式短語只能放在后面做主語It is very kind of you to help us=You are very kind to help us常用 brave,careful,careless,cleve

17、r, honest, kind, nice, rude, wrong,等表示人的品質(zhì)、 性格的形容詞。九.不帶to的不定式在表示感官的動詞 feel, hear, see, watch, observe, listen to Jook at. notice 后加 sb.+do或doing2、使役動詞let, make, have,等后面做賓補(bǔ)的不定式要省略to .make/ let/ have sb. +do3 help后面的不定式，可帶to,也可不帶tohelp sb. do 或 help sb. to do一、根據(jù)句意，用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。ts very kind of you it

18、 for me. (do)They said they had nothing(worry) about.His wish was(become) a doctor.The policeman told the boys not(play) in the streetWe dont allow children in that lake alone, (swim)The speaker spoke too quickly for us(understand).We couldnt help(laugh) after we heard the funny story.Before you lea

19、ve the room, please remember the light, (turn off)No hurry! Let me (help) you (clean) the room.10.1 dont feel like(eat) anything. I really want(relax) myself.11.1 often hear people(say) ”(see) is(believe).12. Youd better(stay) at home and _ (do) your homework.13.you ( finish, read) the book in three

20、 days? 二、根據(jù)句意，從所給的選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。find him all about it.necessary to tell B. that necessary to C. necessary it to tell D. it necessary to tell 15. When he was in the office, he preferred something nothing.A. to do; than do B. to do; rather thanC. doing; rather than doing D. doing; to doing.How dirty the

21、tables are! They need.A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleanedIm sorry so long, I forgot to tell you in advance where I had put my key.A. to keep you wait B. to keep you waitingC. to keep you waited D. to keep you waittingThey havent decided when for Shanghai.A. to be leaving B. to leave C. leavi

22、ngHis father agreed$ 4,000 for the car.A. with paying B. to paying C. to pay D. on payingHow long did you spend your new house yesterday?A. to decorate B. decorate C. decorating D. decoratedIt was great fun a picnic on the hill.A. to have B. of havingC. have D. hadA policeman saw two thieves a girls

23、 mobile phone on a bus and he caughtthem at once. A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolenIts bad fbr your eyes computer games for a long time.A. plays B. to play C. play D. played一Do you often hear John in his room?一Yes. Listen! Now we can hear him in his room.A. sing; to sing B. singing; singing

24、 C. sing; singing D. to sing; singingShe is with her mother this afternoon.A. going to shopping B. going shopping C. going to be shopping D. go to shopWhy not? A. let him to go home B. to let him go homeC. let him go home D. to let him to go homeIs it always easier friends than to keep them?A. makin

25、g B. make C. to make D. madeIt Jack twenty minutes the math problem yesterday.A. took; to work out B. takes; worked outC. has taken; work out D. is taking; working outWhen you leave, dont forget off the lightA. to turn B. turning C. turn D. turnedThe book is for you to read.A. easy enough B. enough

26、easy C. easily enough D. enough easily一Hi, Betty. Shall we go swimming this Sunday?一This Sunday? I am sorry, I have a lot of homework this Sunday.A. to do B. done C. do D. to be doneJohn asked David how Christmas.A. celebrating B. to celebrate C. to be celebrated D. celebratedDo you practice English every morning?A. speak B. to speak C. speaking D. spoken34.English is much easier than speaking it.A. Read B. To read C. Reading D. Reads35. How about? A. to go out for a walk B. go swimming in the riverC. visiting the sick children i