青光眼損傷形成優(yōu)選課件

1、GLAUCOMA QU BO曲 勃The 4th Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityGLAUCOMA QU BOIt may beIt may beGlaucoma: the conceptGlaucoma is a group of diseases that can damage the eyes optic nerve and result in vision loss and blindness. However, with early treatment, you can often protect your eyes ag

2、ainst serious vision loss.The damages are mostly caused by increased pressure of water-aqueous humor (房水）in the eyeGlaucoma: the conceptGlaucoma What is Optic Nerve?“Cable “that transmit image signals to brainWhat is Optic Nerve?“Cable “thHigher IOP is the most important cause leading to the damagep

3、ressureOptic nerveWhat causes optic nerve injury in Glaucoma？Two causes : Mechanical forces (introcular pressure:IOP) and vascular forcesHigher IOP is the most importaGlaucoma damage formation青光眼損傷形成Glaucoma damage formationAnterior chamber:前房 Posterior chamber:后房 pupil:瞳孔 Iris:虹膜Anterior chamber an

4、gle:前房角 Cornea:角膜 ciliary body:睫狀體Anterior chamber:前房 Posterior3rd Ophthalmoscopy眼底鏡Have family members with glaucomaA series of test performed by your eye doctor will help to determine whether you have glaucoma or likely to develop glaucoma.3rd Ophthalmoscopy眼底鏡A series of test performed by your ey

5、e doctor will help to determine whether you have glaucoma or likely to develop glaucoma.If water cant flow easily through the opening in the pupil, the iris pushes forward and blocks the drainage holes.Who is most likely to get glaucoma?If you are diagnosed with glaucoma, your doctor will set a trea

6、tment cycle based upon your medical needs.Glaucoma: the conceptHowever, with early treatment, you can often protect your eyes against serious vision loss.Symptoms include severe eye or brow pain, redness of the eye,decreased or blurred vision.Blocked Drainage holesFamily history, hyperopia,myopia (n

7、earsightedness), previous eye injury, low blood pressure, diabetes, long exposure to cortisone家族史、遠(yuǎn)視近視眼、外傷史、低血壓、糖尿病、激素長期使用The angle between the iris and the cornea is normal, but the drainage holes get clogged from the inside.When this drainage of the fluid gets blocked, excess pressure is formed le

8、ading to GlaucomaExercise may be beneficial as it :Family history, hyperopia,myopia (nearsightedness), previous eye injury, low blood pressure, diabetes, long exposure to cortisone家族史、遠(yuǎn)視近視眼、外傷史、低血壓、糖尿病、激素長期使用Will I go blind because of glaucoma?Normal drainGlaucoma damage formation青光眼損傷形成Normal Drain

9、age Picture正常房水流出通道The meshwork 小梁網(wǎng) is the eyes drainThe Ciliary Body睫狀體 When this drainage of the fluid gets blocked, excess pressure is formed leading to GlaucomaLens3rd Ophthalmoscopy眼底鏡GlaucomWho is most likely to get glaucoma? You are more likely to get glaucoma if you: Have family members with

10、 glaucomaAre over 45 years of ageHave poor vision Have diabetes（糖尿病）Take steroid medication（使用激素）Previous eye injury.Who is most likely to get glauClassification on MechanismClassification on MechanismWhat causes optic nerve injuryThe damages are mostly caused by increased pressure of water-aqueous

11、humor (房水）in the eyeTunnel vision管狀視野Normal vision2nd Tonometry眼壓計(jì)However, with early treatment, you can often protect your eyes against serious vision loss.Lowers eye pressureThe 4th Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityHalo around lightsIf you have no risk factors for glaucoma*Does diet,

12、 exercise, or changein behaviors help?Every 4 yearsHave family members with glaucomaTobacco can worsen the disease.anterior chamber angleTrabecular meshwork becomes less efficient at draining aqueous humor.The purpose of treatment is to prevent further loss of vision.Halo around lightsFamily history

13、, hyperopia,myopia (nearsightedness), previous eye injury, low blood pressure, diabetes, long exposure to cortisone家族史、遠(yuǎn)視近視眼、外傷史、低血壓、糖尿病、激素長期使用Classification on MechanismExercise may be beneficial as it :Closed-angle Glaucoma Aqueous Fluid Normal Drainage : good flow正常房水流出通道The Ciliary Body睫狀體 When

14、this drainage of the fluid gets blocked, excess pressure is formed leading to Glaucomaanterior chamber angle前房角The meshwork 小梁網(wǎng) is the eyes drainWhat causes optic nerve injuryNormal drainNormal drainBlocked Drainage holesThe angle is narrower than normal. If water cant flow easily through the openin

15、g in the pupil, the iris pushes forward and blocks the drainage holes.anterior chamber angle前房角Closed-angle Glaucoma閉角型青光眼Blocked Drainage holesThe anglClosed-angle glaucomaClosed-angle glaucomaClosed-angle GlaucomaThe drainage angle of trabecular meshwork becomes blocked by the iris IOP builds up v

16、ery fast. Symptoms include severe eye or brow pain, redness of the eye,decreased or blurred vision.Must be treated as a medicalemergencysee your ophthalmologist immediately.Closed-angle GlaucomaThe drainOpen Angle Glaucoma開角型青光眼Clogged Drainage holesThe angle between the iris and the cornea is norma

17、l, but the drainage holes get clogged from the inside. anterior chamber angle前房角Open Angle GlaucomaClogged DraOpen Angle GlaucomaOpen Angle GlaucomaOpen Angle GlaucomaTrabecular meshwork becomes less efficient at draining aqueous humor.Intraocular pressure (IOP) builds up,which leads to damage of th

18、e optic nerve.Damage to the optic nerve occurs at different eye pressures among different patients.Typically, glaucoma has no symptoms in its early stages.Open Angle GlaucomaTrabecularVision loss Tunnel vision管狀視野Red eye, pain in the eye, 眼痛、睫狀充血Halo around lightsBlurred vision 視物模糊SYMPTOMSGlaucoma:

19、 Symptoms 癥狀虹視Vision loss Tunnel visGlaucoma: SymptomsNormal vision 正常視野Reduced side vision, central vision intact周邊視野局限缺損Tunnel vision管狀視野Glaucoma: SymptomsNormal visioHow can I find out if I have glaucoma? A series of test performed by your eye doctor will help to determine whether you have glauco

20、ma or likely to develop glaucoma.How can I find out if I have Must be treated as a medicalemergencysee your ophthalmologist immediately.Halo around lightsOptic nerveIt is your vision, and therefore its your responsibility to maintain itTunnel vision管狀視野Intraocular pressure (IOP) builds up,which lead

21、s to damage of the optic nerve.Your doctor can prescribe treatment for glaucoma, but only you can make sure to put your eye drops regularly（患者自己保證按時(shí)用藥）anterior chamber angleEvery 4 yearsBlocked Drainage holesHow is glaucoma treated?Blocked Drainage holesHalo around lightsThe meshwork 小梁網(wǎng) is the eyes

22、 drainIntraocular pressure (IOP) builds up,which leads to damage of the optic nerve.Reduced side vision, central vision intactReduced side vision, central vision intactPrevious eye injury.3rd Ophthalmoscopy眼底鏡What causes optic nerve injuryTunnel vision管狀視野The damages are mostly caused by increased p

23、ressure of water-aqueous humor (房水）in the eyeGlaucoma: Diagnosis1st History and General Examination2nd Tonometry眼壓計(jì)4th Perimetry視野計(jì)3rd Ophthalmoscopy眼底鏡Must be treated as a medicalemHow is glaucoma treated?How is glaucoma treated?Eye drops PillsLaser surgeryEye operationsCombination methodTreatment

24、OptionsEye drops PillsLaser surgeryEyThe purpose of treatment is to prevent further loss of vision.This is important because loss of vision due to glaucoma is irreversible.The purpose of treatment is toWill I go blind because of glaucoma? If glaucoma is left untreated, damage increases, which may ev

25、entually lead to blindness. Will I go blind because of glaRegular eye examinationsRegular intake of medications as instructed by the eye doctorsTherefore, you should have Regular eye examinationsRegulaHow often should I get my eye examinedIf you have no risk factors for glaucoma*If you have risk fac

26、tor for glaucoma*Under 45 years old:Every 4 yearsEvery 2 years45 years and older:Every 2 yearsEvery yearIf you are diagnosed with glaucoma, your doctor will set a treatment cycle based upon your medical needs.* Risk factors for glaucoma危險(xiǎn)因素:Family history, hyperopia,myopia (nearsightedness), previou

27、s eye injury, low blood pressure, diabetes, long exposure to cortisone家族史、遠(yuǎn)視近視眼、外傷史、低血壓、糖尿病、激素長期使用How often should I get my eye Does diet, exercise, or changein behaviors help? Exercise may be beneficial as it :Lowers eye pressureImproves blood flow to the optic nerve. Avoid smoking or second-hand s

28、moke. Tobacco can worsen the disease. Does diet, exercise, or changeRememberTreatment for glaucoma requires a “team” made up of both you and your doctor (ophthalmologist)(患者和醫(yī)生組成治療團(tuán)隊(duì)）Glaucoma is a lifetime disease(青光眼為終身性疾病)Your doctor can prescribe treatment for glaucoma, but only you can make sure

29、 to put your eye drops regularly（患者自己保證按時(shí)用藥）Do not stop taking or changing your medications without first consulting your doctor (不能私自改變用藥）Frequent eye examinations and tests are critical to monitor your eyes for any changes（定期檢查）Remember,It is your vision, and therefore its your responsibility to m

30、aintain itRememberTreatment for glaucomaImproves blood flow to the optic nerve.Therefore, you should haveDo not stop taking or changing your medications without first consulting your doctor (不能私自改變用藥）1st History and General ExaminationFrequent eye examinations and tests are critical to monitor your

31、eyes for any changes（定期檢查）However, with early treatment, you can often protect your eyes against serious vision loss.Have family members with glaucomaIf you have no risk factors for glaucoma*Therefore, you should haveThe meshwork 小梁網(wǎng) is the eyes drainEvery 2 yearsClosed-angle glaucomaAnterior chambe

32、r:前房 Posterior chamber:后房 pupil:瞳孔 Iris:虹膜The 4th Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityYour doctor can prescribe treatment for glaucoma, but only you can make sure to put your eye drops regularly（患者自己保證按時(shí)用藥）Clogged Drainage holesHave diabetes（糖尿?。㏕unnel vision管狀視野Every 2 yearsThe 4th Affil

33、iated Hospital of China Medical UniversityYour doctor can prescribe treatment for glaucoma, but only you can make sure to put your eye drops regularly（患者自己保證按時(shí)用藥）If water cant flow easily through the opening in the pupil, the iris pushes forward and blocks the drainage holes.Glaucoma: SymptomsFamily

34、 history, hyperopia,myopia (nearsightedness), previous eye injury, low blood pressure, diabetes, long exposure to cortisone家族史、遠(yuǎn)視近視眼、外傷史、低血壓、糖尿病、激素長期使用The damages are mostly caused by increased pressure of water-aqueous humor (房水）in the eyeReduced side vision, central vision intactBlocked Drainage h

35、olesGlaucoma: DiagnosisReduced side vision, central vision intactWhen this drainage of the fluid gets blocked, excess pressure is formed leading to GlaucomaPrevious eye injury.Frequent eye examinations and tests are critical to monitor your eyes for any changes（定期檢查）Previous eye injury.Tunnel vision

36、Tobacco can worsen the disease.Regular intake of medications as instructed by the eye doctorsTunnel vision3rd Ophthalmoscopy眼底鏡Under 45 years old:If you have no risk factors for glaucoma*“Cable “that transmit image signals to brainA series of test performed by your eye doctor will help to determine

37、whether you have glaucoma or likely to develop glaucoma.Exercise may be beneficial as it :Tunnel vision1st History and General ExaminationTunnel vision管狀視野The meshwork 小梁網(wǎng) is the eyes drainOpen Angle GlaucomaTherefore, you should haveWhen this drainage of the fluid gets blocked, excess pressure is f

38、ormed leading to GlaucomaThe 4th Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityTreatment OptionsReduced side vision, central vision intactHowever, with early treatment, you can often protect your eyes against serious vision loss.Have family members with glaucomaTunnel visionEye operationsNormal dra

39、inIf you have no risk factors for glaucoma*Glaucoma damage formationIf water cant flow easily through the opening in the pupil, the iris pushes forward and blocks the drainage holes.Frequent eye examinations and tests are critical to monitor your eyes for any changes（定期檢查）Tunnel vision管狀視野anterior c

40、hamber angleThe meshwork 小梁網(wǎng) is the eyes drainFamily history, hyperopia,myopia (nearsightedness), previous eye injury, low blood pressure, diabetes, long exposure to cortisone家族史、遠(yuǎn)視近視眼、外傷史、低血壓、糖尿病、激素長期使用Reduced side vision, central vision intactImproves blood flow to the optic nerve.How can I find o

41、ut if I have glaucoma?The angle between the iris and the cornea is normal, but the drainage holes get clogged from the inside.If you have no risk factors for glaucoma*Under 45 years old:However, with early treatment, you can often protect your eyes against serious vision loss.Glaucoma is a lifetime

42、disease(青光眼為終身性疾病)Tunnel visionIf you are diagnosed with glaucoma, your doctor will set a treatment cycle based upon your medical needs.Reduced side vision, central vision intactPrevious eye injury.Open Angle GlaucomaAnterior chamber:前房 Posterior chamber:后房 pupil:瞳孔 Iris:虹膜Tunnel vision管狀視野Reduced s

43、ide vision, central vision intact3rd Ophthalmoscopy眼底鏡Therefore, you should haveTreatment OptionsHalo around lightsTunnel visionanterior chamber angleThe 4th Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityWill I go blind because of glaucoma?Eye operationsIf you have no risk factors for glaucoma*Anterior chamber angle:前房角 Cornea:角膜 ciliary body:睫狀體Tobacco can worsen the disease.Every 2 yearsGlaucoma damage formationOpen Angle GlaucomaHalo around lightsTwo causes : Mechanical forces (introcular pressure:IOP) and vascular forcesAqueous Fluid