2022年考研考博-考博英語-北京體育大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號30

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-北京體育大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題At midnight, he drove through streets（ ）of traffic.問題1選項A.emptyB.lackingC.lackD.crowded【答案】A【解析】詞組辨析。empty of “無，沒有”；lack of “缺乏”；crowded with “擁擠，擠滿”。句意：午夜時分，他開車穿過空無一人的街道。因此選項A符合題意。2.單選題The government gave a very （

2、 ）explanation of its plan for economic development.問題1選項A.comprehensiveB.compoundC.considerableD.complacent【答案】A【解析】形容詞辨析題。comprehensive綜合的，全面的；compound混合的；considerable重要的，相當大的；complacent滿足的。句意：政府對其經(jīng)濟發(fā)展計劃作了非常全面的解釋。選項A符合句意。3.單選題In the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in

3、many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of it

4、s people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modem, but without losing its traditions.King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured

5、their progress by their Gross National Product(GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his countrys progress by peoples happiness. If the peo

6、ples happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness(GNH).GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They a

7、re happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government.Now there is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living lo

8、nger. More people are educated and employed. Twenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wang

9、chuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.Bhutan is a symbo

10、l for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutans GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian l

11、eaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.1.Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?2.Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck

12、 want to do for Bhutan?3.A country shows its progress with GNP by （ ）.4.According to GNH, people are happier if they （ ）.5. Today, many countries are （ ）.問題1選項A.A president.B.A Buddhist priest.C.A generalD.A king問題2選項A.To make its population grow.B.To keep it separate from the world.C.To encourage i

13、ts people to get rich.D.To keep its tradition and customs問題3選項A.selling more productsB.spending more moneyC.spending less moneyD.providing more jobs問題4選項A.have new technologyB.can change their religionC.have a good, stable governmentD.have more money問題5選項A.using the principles of GNH to measure thei

14、r progressB.working together to develop a common scale to measure GNHC.talking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progressD.trying to find their own ways to measure happiness【答案】第1題:D第2題:D第3題:A第4題:C第5題:D【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問吉格梅辛格旺楚克是誰?。根據(jù)文章第一段中最后一句“a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck

15、decided to help Bhutan 位名叫Jigme Singye Wangchuck國王的新的統(tǒng)治者決定幫助不丹王國”，所以D選項國王正確2.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問除了使不丹現(xiàn)代化，旺楚克還想為不丹做些什么?。根據(jù)文章第一段中最后一句“a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modem, but without losing its traditions.一位名叫吉格梅辛格旺楚克的新統(tǒng)治者決定幫助不丹成為現(xiàn)代化國家，但同時又不喪失其傳統(tǒng)?！贝_定D選項保持其傳統(tǒng)和習俗正

16、確。3.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問一個國家通過國民生產(chǎn)總值來顯示它的進步通過。根據(jù)第二段第四句“When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress. 當產(chǎn)品銷量增加時，人們說這個國家正在取得進步?！贝_定A選項銷售更多的產(chǎn)品正確。4.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問根據(jù)GNH，如果人們，他們會更快樂。在文章第三段，列舉了衡量GNH的多個標準。只有C選項擁有一個良好、穩(wěn)定的政府符合該段中的最后一句“people are happier when they have a good, stable g

17、overnment. 當人們擁有一個良好、穩(wěn)定的政府時，他們會更快樂?！彼訡選項正確。5.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問如今，許多國家都。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的第二句和第三句“ Many countries arc now interested in Bhutans GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. 許多國家現(xiàn)在對不丹的GNH感興趣。這些國家正在研究自己衡量幸福的方法?！贝_定D選項試圖找到自己衡量幸福的方法正確。4.單選題M: Is there anything I can do fo

18、r you. Madam?W: Id like to see some linen, please.Q: Where are the two people?問題1選項A.In a sports department.B.In a textile department.C.In a hotel.D.In a shoe department.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)題目“l(fā)inen亞麻布”可知B選項紡織部正確。5.單選題The single business of Henry Thoreau, during forty-odd years of eager activity was to disco

19、ver an economy calculated to provide a satisfying life. His one concern, which gave to his ramblings in Concord fields a value of high adventure, was to explore the true meaning of wealth. As he understood the problem of economics, there were three possible solutions open to him: to exploit himself,

20、 to exploit his fellows, or to reduce the problem to its lowest denominator. The first was quite impossibleto imprison oneself in a treadmill when the morning called to great adventure. To exploit ones fellows seemed to Thoreaus sensitive social conscience an even greater infidelity. Freedom with ab

21、stinence seemed to him better than serfdom with material well-being, and he was content to move to Walden Pond and to set about the high business of living, to confront only the essential facts of life and to see what it had to teach. He did not advocate that other men should build cabins and live i

22、solated. He had no wish to dogmatize concerning the best mode of livingeach must settle that for himself. But that a satisfying life should be lived, he was vitally concerned. The story of his emancipation from the lower economics is the one romance of his life, and Walden is his great book. It is a

23、 book in praise of life rather than of Nature, a record of calculating economics that studied saving in order to spend more largely. But it is a book of social criticism as well, in spite of its explicit denial of such a purpose. In considering the true nature of economy he concluded, with Ruskin, t

24、hat the cost of a thing is the amount of life that is required in exchange for it, immediately or in the long run. In Walden Thoreau elaborated the text: The only wealth is life.1.Thoreau started an experiment at Walden Pond with the hope of （ ）.2.To Thoreau the best solution to the problem of econo

25、mics is （ ）.3.Thoreau holds that the crucial thing for people to do is to （ ）.4.In the book Walden all of the following can be found except （ ）.5.Thoreaus attitude toward society can best be characterized as one of （ ）.問題1選項A.learning how to live quietlyB.writing a book on philosophyC.discovering wh

26、at humans can learn from natureD.working out the best adjustment to material life .問題2選項A.to live a very simple lifeB.to become self-sufficientC.to live in the countryD.to reform the society問題3選項A.have a better understanding of what life meansB.live harmoniously with natureC.to save as much as one p

27、ossibly canD.to live a life that one is content with問題4選項A.the nature of economyB.the meaning of freedomC.the criticism of societyD.Ruskins philosophy問題5選項A.acceptanceB.avoidanceC.indifferenceD.individualism【答案】第1題:C第2題:A第3題:D第4題:B第5題:B【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Walden Pond”定位到文中“. he was content to move to

28、Walden Pond and to set about the high business of living, to confront only the essential facts of life and to see what it had to teach.”他滿足于搬到瓦爾登湖，開始生活的崇高事業(yè)，直面生活的基本事實，看看生活能教給他什么。也就是去發(fā)現(xiàn)人類可以從大自然中學到什么。選項C符合原文。2.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息“the problem of economics”定位到文中“As he understood the problem of economics, there

29、 were three possible solutions open to him: to exploit himself, to exploit his fellows, or to reduce the problem to its lowest denominator.”隨著他對經(jīng)濟學問題的理解，有三種可能的解決方案擺在他面前：利用自己，利用同伴，或者讓問題回歸到最本質(zhì)的狀態(tài)。接下來闡述了前面兩種可能都是不可行的；然后解釋了“讓問題回歸到最本質(zhì)的狀態(tài)”其實就是過簡單快樂的生活，所以選項A正確。3.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文“He did not advocate that other men

30、 should build cabins and live isolated. He had no wish to dogmatize concerning the best mode of livingeach must settle that for himself. But that a satisfying life should be lived, he was vitally concerned.”他不主張其他人應(yīng)該建造小木屋，過與世隔絕的生活。他不想武斷地認為什么是最好的生活方式每個人都必須自己解決這個問題。但他非常關(guān)心的是，我們應(yīng)該要過一種令人滿意的生活。選項D符合原文。4.推

31、理判斷題。根據(jù)原文最后幾句話可知：“But it is a book of social criticism as well,.”涉及選項C；“In considering the true nature of economy he concluded, with Ruskin, that.”涉及選項A和D；只有選項B沒有涉及，所以本題選B。5.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，Thoreau滿足于搬到瓦爾登湖，過上簡單卻滿足的生活，實際上是想逃離現(xiàn)在的社會，說明他對社會是持逃避的態(tài)度，所以選項B正確。選項D含有貶義，所以選項B更恰當。6.單選題It is time the nations of

32、the world （ ）a halt to the manufacture of nuclear weapons.問題1選項A.would callB.callC.calledD.will call【答案】C【解析】考查固定用法。It is time( that) sb. did sth.意為“是做某事的時候了.”。句意：世界各國是時候停止制造核武器了。所以選項C正確。7.單選題Whats the one word of advice a well-meaning professional would give to a recent college graduate? China? Ind

33、ia! Brazil? How about trade?When the Commerce Department reported last week that the trade deficit in June approached $50 billion, it set off a new round of economic doom saying. Imports, which soared to $200.3 billion in the month, are subtracted in the calculation of gross domestic product. The la

34、rger the trade deficit, the smaller the GDP. Should such imbalances continue, pessimists say, they could contribute to slower growth.But theres another way of looking at the trade data. Over the past two years, the figures on imports and exports seem not to signal a double-dip recessiona renewed dec

35、line in the broad level of economic activity in the United Statesbut an economic expansion.The rising volume of trademore goods and services shuttling in and out of the United Statesis good news for many sectors. Companies engaged in shipping, trucking, rail freight, delivery, and logistics have all

36、 been reporting better than expected results. The rising numbers signify growing vitality in foreign marketswhen we import more stuff, it puts more cash in the hands of people around the world, and U.S. exports are rising because more foreigners have the ability to buy the things we produce and mark

37、et. The rising tide of trade is also good news for people who work in trade sensitive businesses, especially those that produce commodities for which global demand sets the priceagricultural goods, mining, metals, oil.And while exports always seem to lag, U.S. companies are becoming more involved in

38、 the global economy with each passing month. General Motors sells as many cars in China as in America each month. While that may not do much for imports, it does help GMs balance sheet and hence makes the Jobs of U.S.-based executives more stable.One great challenge for the U.S. economy is slack dom

39、estic consumer demand. Americans are paying down debt, saving more, and spending more carefully. Thats to be expected, given what weve been through. But theres a bigger challenge. Can U.S.-based businesses, large and small, figure out how to get a piece of growing global demand? Unless you want to p

40、ick up and move to India or Brazil, or China, the best way to do that is through trade. It may seem obvious, but its no longer enough simply to do business with our friends and neighbors here at home.Companies and individuals who dont have a strategy to export more, or to get more involved in foreig

41、n markers, or to play a role in global trade, are shutting themselves out of the lions share of economic opportunity in our world.1.How do pessimists interpret the U.S. trade deficit in June?2.What does the author say about the trade data of the past two years?3.Who particularly benefit from the ris

42、ing volume of trade?4.What is one of the challenges facing the American economy?5.What is the authors advice to U.S. companies and individuals?問題1選項A.It reflects Americans preference for imported goods.B.It signifies a change in American economic structure.C.It is the result of Americans growing foc

43、us on domestic market.D.It could lead to slower growth of the national economy.問題2選項A.It indicates that economic activities in the U.S. have increasedB.It shows that U.S. economy is slipping further into recession.C.It signals decreasing domestic demand for goods and services.D.It reflects the fluct

44、uations in the international market.問題3選項A.People who have expertise in international trade.B.Consumers who favor imported goods and services.C.Producers of agricultural goods and raw materials.D.Retailer dealing in foreign goods and services.問題4選項A.Competition from overseas.B.Peoples reluctance to

45、spendC.Slack trade activitiesD.Decreasing productivity問題5選項A.To import more cheap goods from developing countries.B.To move their companies to where labor is cheaper.C.To increase their market share overseas.D.To be alert to fluctuations in foreign markets.【答案】第1題:D第2題:A第3題:C第4題:B第5題:C【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)

46、文章第二段最后一句，“Should such imbalances continue, pessimists say, they could contribute to slower growth.”，可知悲觀主義者認為，如果這種失衡繼續(xù)下去，可能會導致經(jīng)濟增長放緩?？膳袛喑霰^主義者認為美國6月份的貿(mào)易逆差導致國民經(jīng)濟增長放緩。因此選項D符合題意。2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句，“Over the past two years, the figures on imports and exports seem not to signal a double-dip recessiona r

47、enewed decline in the broad level of economic activity in the United Statesbut an economic expansion.”，可知過去兩年，進出口數(shù)據(jù)似乎沒有顯示出二次衰退的跡象，即美國經(jīng)濟活動水平的再次下降，而數(shù)據(jù)顯示是經(jīng)濟擴張?？膳袛喑鰧τ趦赡甑馁Q(mào)易數(shù)據(jù)，表明美國的經(jīng)濟活動有所增加。因此選項A符合題意。3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“The rising tide of trade is also good news for people who work in trade sensitive busines

48、ses, especially those that produce commodities for which global demand sets the priceagricultural goods, mining, metals, oil.”，可知對那些從事貿(mào)易行業(yè)的人來說，貿(mào)易上漲也是一個好消息，尤其是那些生產(chǎn)大宗商品，這些商品的價格由全球的需求多決定，如農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、礦業(yè)、金屬和石油?？膳袛喑?，貿(mào)易上漲最受益的是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和原材料生產(chǎn)者。因此選項C符合題意。4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第四段第一二句，“One great challenge for the U.S. economy is sl

49、ack domestic consumer demand. Americans are paying down debt, saving more, and spending more carefully.”，可知美國經(jīng)濟面臨的一個巨大挑戰(zhàn)是國內(nèi)消費需求疲軟。美國人正在償還債務(wù)，增加儲蓄，從而更加謹慎地消費?？膳袛喑雒绹?jīng)濟面臨的最大的挑戰(zhàn)是人們不愿意消費。因此選項B符合題意。5.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Companies and individuals who dont have a strategy to export more, or to get more involved i

50、n foreign markers, or to play a role in global trade, are shutting themselves out of the lions share of economic opportunity in our world.”，可知作者提出那些沒有增加、沒有更多參與國外市場、沒有在全球貿(mào)易中發(fā)揮作用的公司和個人，正在把自己推離于世界經(jīng)濟機會的最大份額之外?？膳袛喑鲎髡呤墙ㄗh公司和個人更多參與國外市場和國際貿(mào)易，以此來增加海外的市場份額。因此選項C符合題意。8.單選題Harvard Universitys under-graduate educ

51、ation is being reformed so that it includes some time spent outside the US and more science courses, the US Cable News Network (CNN) has reported. For the first time in 30 years, Harvard is （1）its under-graduate curriculum. William Kirby, dean of the faculty of arts and sciences, said this（2）what ma

52、ny people had said that Harvards curriculum did not provide enough choice and encourage premature specialization.“Harvard needs to（3）its education for a world where global connections, cross disciplinary research, and science in general are ever more important,” said Kirby.Particularly（4）is the idea

53、 that students need to spend time overseas, either in a traditional study-abroad program or over a summer, perhaps doing an internship or research.Students can either find the program themselves or（5）some exchange programs offered by the university.“（6）studying Chinese history without leaving the un

54、iversity, students interested in the subject should be spending a semester at a university in China.”It was also recommended that Harvard（7）its required “core curriculum”. The core curriculum was an effort created in 1978 to broaden education by requiring students to choose from a list of courses in

55、 several areas of study. Classes often focused on a highly（8）topic and emphasized “ways of knowing”.Under a new plan, the curriculum would be replaced with a set of（9）“Harvard College Courses”，emphasizing knowledge over methodology and（10）wider territory. A life sciences course, for example, might c

56、ombine molecular and evolutionary biology and psychology, rather than focusing on one of those, said Benedict Gross, Harvard College dean.問題1選項A.inspectingB.reviewingC.searchingD.underlying問題2選項A.in accordance withB.in line withC.in charge ofD.in response to問題3選項A.updateB.upholdC.upsetD.upward問題4選項A

57、.trust-worthyB.note-worthyC.praise-worthyD.reward-worthy問題5選項A.turn outB.turn inC.turn toD.turn over問題6選項A.In spite ofB.As ifC.Let aloneD.Rather than問題7選項A.perishB.destroyC.abolishD.denounce問題8選項A.appropriateB.imaginativeC.specialD.specific問題9選項A.opticalB.optionalC.oppositeD.optimistic問題10選項A.sparin

58、gB.spiralingC.spanningD.sparkling【答案】第1題:B第2題:D第3題:A第4題:B第5題:C第6題:D第7題:C第8題:D第9題:B第10題:C【解析】（1）動詞詞義辨析題。A選項inspect “檢查，視察”；B選項review “評審，審查，檢查”；C選項search “搜索，探究”；D選項underlie “構(gòu)成的基礎(chǔ)”。文章第一句介紹了哈佛大學的研究生教育正在進行改革，包括在美國以外的時間和更多的科學課程，由此可以推斷出空格句表示 “哈佛大學正在審議大學本科教育課程”，B選項正確。（2）介詞詞組辨析題。A選項in accordance with “ 根據(jù)

59、，按照”；B選項in line with “符合，與.致”；C選項in charge of “負責，主管”；D選項in response to “對做出反應(yīng)，作為的回應(yīng)”。由“哈佛大學對課程進行了審議”和空格后的句意是“很多人認為哈佛大學的課程沒有提供足夠的選擇，鼓勵過早的專業(yè)化”，空格前是改革的舉動，所以兩句話的邏輯關(guān)系是改革是對問題的回應(yīng)，所以D選項正確。（3）動詞詞義辨析題。A選項update “使現(xiàn)代化，更新”；B選項uphold “支持，維護”；C選項upset “攪亂,使煩惱”；D選項upward “向上的，上漲的”。根據(jù)上一段的“哈佛大學正進行大學本科教育改革” 可知本句句意是哈

60、佛需要更新它的教育，以適應(yīng)一個全球聯(lián)系、跨學科研究和科學越來越重要的世界，A選項“使現(xiàn)代化，更新”正確。（4）形容詞詞義辨析題。A選項trust-worthy“可靠的，可信賴的”；B選項note-worthy“值得注意的，顯著的”；C選項praise-worthy “值得稱贊的，可嘉的”；D選項reward-worthy “值得獎勵的”?？崭袼钊氲脑~語修飾空后名詞the idea，句意特別是，學生們需要在海外度過一段時間，要么參加傳統(tǒng)的海外留學項目，要么度過一個暑假，或許是去實習或做研究。 B選項符合邏輯正確。（5）動詞詞組辨析題。A選項turn out “出席（某項活動），結(jié)果是”；B選項