2022-2023學(xué)年河南省鄭州市第十九中學(xué)高考適應(yīng)性考試英語試卷含解析

1、2022-2023學(xué)年高考英語模擬試卷注意事項(xiàng)1考生要認(rèn)真填寫考場號(hào)和座位序號(hào)。2試題所有答案必須填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分必須用2B 鉛筆作答；第二部分必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆作答。3考試結(jié)束后，考生須將試卷和答題卡放在桌面上，待監(jiān)考員收回。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1There are many famous cultural relics in our country, many _ thousands of years ago.Adating back toBdate back toCdated back toDwere dated bac

2、k to2The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.AwhichBwhatCwhoseDthat3It_to plant trees and grass on the hillside.Yes. They help stop soil from being washed away.Amakes senseBmakes moneyCmakes a livingDmakes a mistakes4Will you require anything else? Yes, I like a whisky.AwillBshall

3、CshouldDmight5Do you know what EU stands for, Tommy?SureIt stands for the European Union,_ European political and economic organization that encourages trade and friendship between _ countries that are membersAan; theBa; theCthe; /Dan; /6 Cathy, in my opinion, is very _. Absolutely! She prefers home

4、 life to going out.AdomesticBenergeticCdynamicDenthusiastic7Some tourists visiting Tian anmen Square during the holiday left a _ of litter everywhere they went.AtrailBdotCchainDtrack8- Hi, Maria! I got the first place in the exam.- _ ! Everyone knows you cheated and you just copied Tonys.ACongratula

5、tions BCome on CGood luck DCheer up.9No driving after drinking is a rule that every driver _ obey in our country.AwillBshallCmayDcan10At school, it is essential that every child _ equally regardless of family background. Atreating Btreated Cbe treated Dis treated11That was a very busy street that I

6、was never allowed to cross accompanied by an adult.AwhenBifCunlessDwhere12_? You look really down.Im tired of my job. There are endless problems to deal with.AWhy botherBSo whatCWhats upDWhy not13A proposal was put forward at the meeting _ the new cement plant shouldnt be built near the school.Awhen

7、 BwhereCthat Dwhich14 if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?AWould you be surprisedBWere you surprisedCHad you been surprisedDWould you have been surprised15More often than not, the enterprise around us are getting even richer, _ recipe is dont put all your eggs in one baske

8、t.Aof whichBwhichCwhoseDof whom16Daniels family _ their holiday in Huangshan this time next week.Aare enjoyingBare to enjoyCwill enjoyDwill be enjoying17We all Chinese people are called on to learn from Lei Feng, _ we think set a good example to all of us.AwhoseBwhoCthatDwhom18The educational reform

9、 is now under way throughout the country, _ the students more opportunities to develop to their greatest potential.Ato grant Bhaving grantedCgranting Dgranted19I thought Father would be better, but _it is, he is getting worse, which makes me more worried.AbeforeBasCbecauseDafter20Tony, do remember t

10、o send the report to the sales manager!_.AMade itBGot itCHeard itDFollowed it第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21（6分） A new keyboard can tell whether you are its owner. The keyboard records information about the typing pattern（模式）and sends it to a computer program. The program then ch

11、ecks to see if the pattern matches the right user. If not, an alarm sounds, and the computer locks the typist out. It locks out everyone else, even if the person knows the password. Whats more, this equipment needs no batteries. It collects all the energy it needs from your actions of typing. Beside

12、s, the keyboard is also self-cleaning and the keys are free of damage from water, oil and dirt. The keys of the new keyboard are made of the same inexpensive plastic that might be found on any other standard keyboard. But instead of being smooth, the keys have millions of tiny plastic nanowires（納米線）

13、on their surface area, increasing the effective contact areas between the plastics and fingers. This guarantees that theres enough power to run the keyboard as someone types. Liming Dai, a scientist, did not work on the new keyboard, but he thinks the design could be important in getting better perf

14、ormance from a variety of equipment. It could also be applied to a touch screen, for example, Dai says. Then smart phones and notepads could collect energy from someones actions of typing or drawing. Future work might make the keyboard even more useful, Dai adds. A later design might build tiny capa

15、citors onto the nanowires, he suggests. Capacitors are little devices that temporarily store electric charge. Those might then be LEDs to light a keyboard in the dark. Zhonglin Wang is a co-designer of the new keyboard. His team has built a working model of the keyboard. If a company decides to fund

16、（資助）its production, this keyboard could be in stores in as few as two years, says Wang.1、How does the new keyboard tell whether you are its owner？ABy matching the typing pattern to the right user.BBy sending alarms to a computer program.CBy checking the right users passwords.DBy just recording infor

17、mation about the typing pattern.2、Why are there many nanowires on the surfaces of the keys？ATo keep the keyboard free of damage.BTo improve the speed of typing.CTo make the keys smooth.DTo help produce power.3、Whats Dais attitude to the new keyboard？AUnconcerned.BDoubtful.CPositive.DCritical.4、What

18、is the best title for the text？AA New Keyboard Made of NanowiresBA New Keyboard Entirely Owned by YouCA New Keyboards FutureDA New Keyboard Powered by Typing22（8分） If you buy a washing machine, a fridge or a television in Europe, it comes with a sticker. Thanks to a 1992 EU rule, all appliances must

19、 be labelled (貼標(biāo)簽) with their energy efficiency. So why has our food system-which threatens 10,000 species with extinction, produces about 30% of greenhouse gases, and drives 800/o of our air pollution-only ever had voluntary eco-labels?The appliances ruling had a huge impact; initially, 75% of frid

20、ges and freezers were rated G to D(low efficiency) , but today 98% are classed A+ or A+. Worldwide, the energy efficiency of labelled appliances has increased three times faster than appliances without labels. Introducing an equal system for food could have an even bigger impact.Mandatory environmen

21、tal labels would change how we produce and consume in far-reaching ways. First, producers would have to measure their impacts in a uniform way and be accountable for the results. This would not be expensive: it is free to monitor environmental impacts using digital tools such as Field print and the

22、Cool Farm Tool. Second, they support sustainable consumption. Our research found that products that look, taste and cost the same can have dramatically different environmental impacts. High-impact beef producers use 5,7000% more land and create l,000% more greenhouse gases than low-impact producers.

23、 Labels would allow consumers to tell these products apart.They would highlight both high-and low-impact producers, in the same way, across multiple products. This would encourage more people to think about their choices by exposing them to the facts every time they are in the shops. We can also use

24、 labels to turn smaller consumer changes into large environmental benefits: because a small number of producers create a large share of the impact, simply avoiding high-impact producers can make a huge contribution to pollution reductions.1、Why does the author mention the appliances in Paragraph 1 ？

25、ATo applaud the 1992 EU rule.BTo bring up the topic of labelling food.CTo point out the pollution they caused.DTo compare their energy consumption rates.2、What do the figures in Paragraph 2 show?AThe importance of saving energy.BThe debate about eco-labelled appliances.CThe effectiveness of the appl

26、iances ruling.DThe problem caused by appliances of low efficiency.3、What does the word “Mandatory” in Paragraph 3 mean?ACompulsory.BEffective.CDifferent.DIndependent.4、What can be learned about eco-labels?AThey will increase the profits of low-impact producers.BThey can show producers environmental

27、impacts.CThey will guide consumers to buy healthier food.DThey can expose consumers to more products23（8分）Theres a curious thing about people.All of us are driven in some way or another to achievewe want to run faster,be more creative,win more awards,and earn more money.But heres the thing: if you w

28、ant to offer warm words of wisdom,constructive criticism or 360-degree feedback（反饋;反應(yīng)）,then think again.Most of us would rather not hear it.Our easily-broken egos（自尊心）are partly to blame.We all want to meet our own expectations of ourselves,and so being criticized can present a huge threat to our eg

29、os.Yet as decades of psychological theory and research have indicated,people have endless tricky strategies(策略) of remaining positive in the face of criticism.For this reason,rather than us welcoming feedback with open arms,our first response is often an automatic defense.These reactions serve to ma

30、ke us feel better about ourselves.Psychological research exposes this unhealthy appetite for ignorance.In one study,students watched a false educational film about a serious disease called TAA Deficiency.In fact,TAA Deficiency is completely fictional,but the students were not told this information;i

31、nstead,they were asked whether they wished to provide a cheek test for assessing（評(píng)估）their risk of developing the disease.Half of the students were told that if they ever developed TAA Deficiency,then the treatment would involve them taking a two-week course of pills.Of this group,52% agreed to provi

32、de the cheek test.The other half of students learned the treatment would involve taking the pills for the rest of their lives.Of this group,only 21% agreed to the test. These findings show a common pattern seen in other studies within and beyond the context(背景) of healthcare. That is,people are espe

33、cially resistant to hearing feedback when they believe it could force them to do something difficult or unpleasant.1、What can we infer from paragraph 1?APeople should be satisfied with what they have.BPeople should offer constructive criticism.CPeople should be cautious when giving advice.DPeople sh

34、ould care less about others.2、How do people usually react when facing criticism?AThey try to accept it.BThey deal with it seriously.CThey tend to support or protect themselves.DThey turn to psychological theory.3、Why didnt most of the second group agree to the test?AThey didnt believe in the result.

35、BThey knew there wasnt such a disease.CThey were sensitive to the negative result.DThey didnt agree with the test.4、What can be the best title for the passage?AMeeting Criticism BRethinking FeedbacksCImproving Healthcare DFighting TAA Deficiency24（8分）In the mid-2000s, Waze Mobile co-founder Ehud Sha

36、btai received a cutting-edge (尖端的) gift from girlfriend: a GPS. The expensive gift was supposed to be helpful. But straight out of the box, it was already out of date.Shabtai, a coding enthusiast, had an immediate reaction to reinvent. Shabtais solution? To build an app. With 80 million monthly acti

37、ve users globally and nearly 400,000 superusers who function much like Wikipedia volunteer editors (editing maps rather than words), Waze Mobile caught the eye of Google as a revolutionary approach to navigation (導(dǎo)航).Acquired by Google in 2013, Wazes value mainly lies in its high rate of user involv

38、ement. Unlike traditional navigation apps that simply show directions, Waze asks its users to report accidents and other road conditions in real time, so other users can avoid the traffic by using an alternative route.The goal behind Wazes approach is an ambitious one: not just avoid traffic, but en

39、d it altogether. Waze is finding new ways to put its loyal and active user base to use to make that vision a reality, including a plan to make carpooling (拼車) cool.To be sure, traffic jams are troubling people all over the world. Waze has been quietly ahead of the game for some time. In 2013, when W

40、aze was just a small digital-mapping business with limited resources it had something Google Maps and other competitors didnt: richer GPS guidance thanks to its stream of live traffic reports from users.These users were the basis of Shabtais plan to solve for his GPS devices “silent” hardware: he gr

41、ounded the app in software that could be perpetually updated by users, anywhere and anytime.Waze Carpool is going straight to the heart of traffic jams, trying to get more drivers off the road and into carpools. The app has already connected tens of thousands of rideseekers with drivers willing to f

42、erry them along a shared route, and that trend could be the answer to a traffic-free future.1、What did Shabtai do when he found his girlfriends gift out of date?AHe improved it. BHe took it apart.CHe put it away. DHe used it anyway.2、What sets Waze Mobile apart from traditional navigation apps?AIt h

43、as the most users. BIt can indicate directions.CIt reports road conditions in real time. DMost users help edit its words.3、What does the underlined word “perpetually” in paragraph 6 probably mean?ADifficultly. BCarefully.CGreatly. DConstantly.4、What is mainly talked about in the text?AThe rise of ca

44、rpooling. BAn advanced navigation app.CThe development of Google. DTraffic problems in the world.25（10分）Hit songs are big business, so there is an incentive for composers to get those ingredients that might increase their chances of success. But songs are complex mixtures of features. How to analyse

45、 them is made more difficult by the fact that what is popular changes over time. But Natalia Komarova, a mathematician at the University of California, Irvine, thinks she has cracked the problem. Her computer analysis suggests that the songs currently preferred by consumers are danceable, party-like

46、 numbers. Unfortunately, those actually writing songs prefer something else.She and her colleagues collected information on music released in Britain between 1985 and 2015. They looked in music “metadata (元數(shù)據(jù)) that are used by music lovers and are often tapped into by academics. Metadata are informa

47、tion about the nature of a song that can give listeners an idea of what that song is like before they hear it. Dr. Komarova and her team were presented with more than 500,000 songs to detect numerous musical features. The team fed all of this information into a computer and compared the features of

48、songs that had made it into the charts (排行榜) with those of songs that had not.Overall, the teams results suggested that chart successes were happier and brighter than the average songs released during the same year. Chart toppers were also more likely than average songs to have been performed by wom

49、en.Dr. Komarova used these results to train her computer to try to predict whether a randomly presented song was likely to have been a hit in a given year. The machine correctly predicted success 75% of the time, compared with that from the music database.Content isnt everything. As might be expecte

50、d, circumstances, particularly any fame already attached to a recording artist or artists, had an effect too. But not a huge one. That suggests that musical fame is actually attached to talent, rather than to advertising. And this is a lesson for an industry that some believe is not connected enough

51、 to talent.1、Why is it difficult to tell what makes good music?AWhat people think is popular changes with the time.BWhat some people think popular isnt for other people.CNo one cares about what makes popular music.DIts difficult to know the features of popular music.2、What can we infer from the resu

52、lts of the teams research?AThe content of good music can be typed into computers.BGood music has the quality to make people think about life.CHappier and brighter songs are more likely to make the charts.DAnalysis can decide in advance whether a song will be popular.3、What does the underlined word “

53、incentive” in Paragraph 1 mean?AExpression. BMotivation.CExhibition. DDivision.4、Whats the relationship between musical fame and the singer?AA famous singer will make any music he/she sings popular.BGood music depends on whether the singer is widely advertised.CA good female singer can make an avera

54、ge song popular.DTalent is more important than fame to make a song popular.第三部分 語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)26（30分）One day a man was asked to paint a boat by the owner of the boat. He brought with him paint and 1 and began to paint the boat bright red, as

55、the owner asked him. While painting, he 2 there was a hole in the boat and decided to 3 it. When he finished painting, he received his 4 and left.The next day, the owner of the boat came to the painter and 5 him with a nice check, much 6 than the payment for painting. The painter was 7 . “Youve alre

56、ady paid me for painting the boat!” he said.“But this is not for the paint 8 . Its for having repaired the hole in the boat.”“But it was such a(n) 9 service. Certainly its not worth 10 me such a high amount for something so unimportant!”“My dear friend, you do not 11 . Now let me tell you what 12 .

57、When I asked you to paint the boat, I 13 to mention about the hole. When the boat dried, my kids took the boat and 14 a fishing trip. They did not know that there was a 15 in the boat. I was not at home at that time. When I returned and noticed they had taken the boat, I was 16 because I remembered

58、that the boat had a hole. Imagine my 17 and joy when I saw them returning from fishing.“Then, I 18 the boat and found that you had repaired the hole! You see, now, what you did? You 19 my children! I do not have enough money to pay your small good deed.”So, no mailer who, when or how, just 20 repair

59、 all the “l(fā)eaks” you find.1、Achains Bbrushes Cbeliefs Dpens2、Aconsulted Breminded Cround Dconfirmed3、Arepair Bwipe Chide Dmeasure4、Abenefit Bbaggage Ckey Dmoney5、Aadmired Btreated Cpresented Dcomforted6、Ahigher Bless Cquicker Dwealthier7、Ashocked Bexcited Cmoved Dsurprised8、Aaward Bkindness Cjob Dsk

60、ill9、Acheap Bsmall Cvaluable Dadditional10、Alending Bselling Cborrowing Dpaying11、Ascream Bbow Cforgive Dunderstand12、Ahappened Bexisted Ccrashed Dcirculated13、Adecided Bhated Cforgot Dremembered14、Awent through Bwent on Cdreamed about Dturned to15、Ahole Bsign Crule Ddanger16、Aangry Bdesperate Cemba