冠詞用法課件

1、冠詞用法冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨(dú)使用，也沒有詞義，它用在名詞的前面，幫助指明名詞的含義。英語中的冠詞有三種，一種是定冠詞，另一種是不定冠詞，還有一種是零冠詞。 不定冠詞不定冠詞a (an)與數(shù)詞one 同源，是“一個(gè)”的意思。a用于輔音音素前（不一定是輔音字母），而an則用于元音音素前（不一定是元音字母）。如an hour元音音素：單元音：/i/ /i:/ / /e/ / /:/ / /U:/ /:/ / 雙元音：/e/ /a/ / / /a/ / /e/ / 記憶技巧 記少不記多初中用an的常見單詞：egg, apple, orange,English,hour,empty,idea,era

2、ser, honest,elephant,easy,old,umbrella,ancientart,Mp4,E-mail,unusual,unhappy,在26個(gè)字母中，前面用an的字母有a ,e, f h, i, l,m ,n, o, r ,s ,x,其它用a。半元音的用a:university,useful,uniform, European,usual定冠詞the的用法1）特指雙方都明白的人或物： Take the medicine.把藥吃了。2）上文提到過的人或事(即第一次提到用a/an第二次 提到用the) He bought a house.I”ve been to the hou

3、se.3）指世上獨(dú)一物二的事物： the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth 4）單數(shù)名詞連用表示一類事物，如：the dollar 美元;the fox 狐貍； 或與形容詞或分詞連用，表示一類人：the rich 富人; the living 生者。11) 用在慣用語中：in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening),the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday,the next morning,in the sky , in the rain,in the mi

4、ddle (of),in the end, in the future, at the moment, on the phone, make the bed, with the help of, listen to the radio, by the way, etc.零冠詞的用法1)在專有名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前 China is a great country. Paper is made from wood.2)名詞前已有指示代詞，物主代詞，或不定代詞作定語 Go down this street. The letter is in her bag. Every student in my c

5、lass likes english.3）在季節(jié)、月份、節(jié)日、 假日、日期、星期等表示時(shí)間的名詞之前，不加冠詞； We go to school from Monday to Friday. Today is Christmas Day. It is Sunday and it is May.1. It is cold in winter.4）在三餐飯、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、娛樂運(yùn)動(dòng)和學(xué)科、語言的名稱前，不加冠詞 He goes to school after breakfast. They play basketball on the ground.(play chess) We all like En

6、glish.6）在稱呼或表示官銜，職位的名詞前不加冠詞；This is Comrade Wang. What colour are Mrs Greens shoes?7)在某些習(xí)慣用語中的名詞前 at first,at last,at noon,at night, at home,at work,after school, by bus,in time,on time,in bed,on foot,on duty,in need,in danger,in trouble,in hospital,in front of,2.下列詞組中，有無冠詞意義不同。go to school _go to t

7、he school _上學(xué)去學(xué)校take place _take the place of _發(fā)生代替in front of _in the front of _在的前面在的前部中考真題1.（2016質(zhì)檢）Mr.Lee has_ apartment near my home. A.a B.an C.the2.(2015中考)The girl with blue eyes is_American student. A.a B.an C.the3.(2014中考)Do you have_pen pal? Yes.I have one in England. A.a B.an C.the4.(201

8、3中考)What are you going to be when you grow up? I want to be _policeman. A.a B.an C.the9.(08中考)Have you ever been to Taiwan,Jim? No.But I know its_island .Its in the southeast of China. A.a B.an C.the10.(07中考)Sam is _art teacher.He likes playing_ football. A.a; the B.an;the C.an; /11.(06中考)Its fine t

9、oday._sun is shining brightly. A.The B.A C.An D./12.(03中考)Do you have_e-mail address? Yes,its in_notebook over there. A.a;an B.an;a C.an;an D.an;the表示方位的介詞in / to / on中考真題1.（16質(zhì)檢）Do you know where Ningde is? It lies_the southeast of China. A.in B.on C.to2.(15中考)Beijing is_the north part of China. A.

10、in B.on C.to3.(09莆田) Do you know that Fujian is_the west of Taiwan? A.in B.on C.to4.(09龍巖)Where isTaiwan ,do you know? Why? Its_ the southeast of China. A.in B.on C.to 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞常見考點(diǎn)解題技巧中考真題考點(diǎn)揭密1.掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的定義：表示可能、懷疑、允諾、愿望、義務(wù)、必要、猜測等的動(dòng)詞是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。2.掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特征：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與其他動(dòng)詞是有區(qū)別的，它本身有一定的詞義，表示說話人對(duì)某一動(dòng)作的看法和態(tài)度，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語，必須和另一

11、個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子改為問句和否定句時(shí)，無需添加助動(dòng)詞，可直接構(gòu)成問句和否定句。考點(diǎn)揭密3.掌握常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can,could,may,might,must,need,shall, will,should,would等的用法。(1)can 可表示能力、允許、可能性、懷疑猜測，意為 “能，會(huì)，可以”；cant意為“不會(huì)，不能，不可 以”，還有“不可能”之意。 could為can的過去式， 用法與can類似，常用于過去時(shí)中；could還可用于 現(xiàn)在時(shí)中表示委婉客氣，相當(dāng)于can； (2)may表示允許、也許，意為“可以，也許，可能”。 對(duì)may的

12、一般問句的回答，肯定回答一般是： Yes,please./Certainly/Sure等，否定回答一般是： Please dont./No，you cant/mustnt. might是 may的過去式，與may用法類似，常用于過 去時(shí)中；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞常見的考法1.提問must引導(dǎo)的問句時(shí),否定回答一般常neednt或 dont have to. Must I stay at home? No.you neednt.2.肯定的猜測用must,否定的猜測用cant.3.提問may引導(dǎo)的問句時(shí),否定回答一般常用mustnt.4. have to與 must 的區(qū)別 have to 強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上的需要，有

13、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，它的 否定句和疑問句要借助于助動(dòng)詞do/does/did. must 強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀上認(rèn)為必須做某事5.may, may be, maybe的區(qū)別 may是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后面接行為動(dòng)詞 may be在句中做謂語 maybe是副詞常單獨(dú)使用放在句首，其同義詞為perhaps.中考真題1.（16質(zhì)檢）-Look at the man! Is it your uncle? -No.It_be him.He has gone to Beijing. A.neednt B.Mustnt C.cant 2.(13中考)-Must I clean the classroom right now,Miss

14、Lin? -No,you_.You may do it after school. A.neednt B.cant C.shouldnt3.（11質(zhì)檢）Look! There is something bright in the sky. Oh,it_a UFO.I think it must be an airplane. A.May be B.cant be C.mustnt4.(09中考)-Mum,may I play computer games now? No.You_finish your composition first. A.may B.must C.can5.（08中考）H

15、ello,MissLin!_I finish my homework today?-No,you neednt .You may do it tomorrow.A.Must B.Can C.May（2）語序：賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序，即使是疑問句內(nèi)容也要用陳述句語序。但疑問詞在賓語從句中作主語或主語的定語時(shí)，就用原句的語序。例：He asked me who did it. He asked whose pen was the best.（3）標(biāo)點(diǎn)：根據(jù)主句來定，主句是陳述句，用句號(hào)“.”，主句是疑問句用問號(hào)“？”。（4）時(shí)態(tài)：主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可按實(shí)際情況用

16、任何時(shí)態(tài)。主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)，賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞一般應(yīng)與主句的謂語動(dòng)詞相呼應(yīng)，即從句也應(yīng)用的過去時(shí)，但賓語從句表示的是客觀真理、科學(xué)原理或自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。The teacher said the earth is round.He said one and one is two.The teacher said (that)the earth runs around the sun. 中考真題1.（15中考）Could you tell me_you learned to dance? I taught myself. A. how B.where C.when2.（13中考）I

17、 want to know_. A.when they will have the party B.when will they have the party C.when are they going to have the party3.（11中考）Your dress is so beautiful.Could you tell me_? A.where you will buy it B.where did you buy it C.where you bought it人稱代詞、物主代詞反身代詞 類別 人稱代詞 物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞名詞性單數(shù)第一人稱Imemyminemys

18、elf第二人稱youyouyouryoursyourself第三人稱hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱weusouroursourselves第二人稱youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱theythemtheirtheirsthemselves用法1.主格：在句中作主語。并列時(shí)應(yīng)把我置后 即你、他、我； 你、我； 他、我；2.賓格：在句中作賓語，可代替處于賓語位置上的名詞。 （即常放在動(dòng)詞后，介詞后）3.形容詞性物主代詞：是限定詞必須放在名詞前。4.名詞性物主代詞：不能用于名詞之前，可以作獨(dú)立的 句子成分如：主語、賓語或表語等。 名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞 中考真題1.（15中考）Is this red bike yours? Yes, its_. A. mine B.I C.me2.（13中考）Could you please tell me your name? Sure