2022年中考英語語法填空解題技巧

1、中考英語語法填空解題技巧語法填空口訣動(dòng)詞形、名詞數(shù)，代詞格、級(jí)形副， 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)路，習(xí)慣用法要記住， 邏輯關(guān)系連詞突，介詞、冠詞各占一空。中考英語語法填空，不管是單句填空還是短文填空，主要有兩種形式的空：用 所給詞（v、n pron adj、adv）的正確形式填空；無提示詞填空（prep、conj art）o說白了，中考就考四道題：第一道題：動(dòng)詞變形題是指括號(hào)中給出了一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，需要對該動(dòng)詞進(jìn) 行形式變化才能符合句子要求的設(shè)題類型。此類設(shè)題主要有兩個(gè)角度，其中的 一個(gè)角度就是考查動(dòng)詞的自身變化【動(dòng)詞的謂語形式（時(shí)、語態(tài)變化）及非謂語 形式（動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞；另一個(gè)角度是考

2、查動(dòng)詞與 名詞、形容詞、副詞的相互變化【構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)】；第二道題：名詞或代詞變形題 名詞變形題指的是對所給名詞進(jìn)行自身變化 （名詞的單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)、名詞變成名詞所有格）或者相互變化（名詞變形容詞、名詞變動(dòng)詞、名詞變副詞）【構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)】；代詞變形題主要考查代詞的格（主 格、賓格、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞和反身代詞的相互變化，甚至 個(gè)別不定代詞之間的變化：如：many變成much, both變成neither, other 變成 others 或 another, some 變 any, al I 變 none , few 變 little）;第三道題：形容詞或副詞變形題形容詞或副詞變形題主要考

3、查它們 的自身變化（級(jí)的變化：原級(jí)、比擬級(jí)、最高級(jí)）或者相互變化（形容詞變副 詞、形容詞變成動(dòng)詞、形容詞變成名詞、副詞變成形容詞）【構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)】；第四道題：無提示詞填空題 無提示填空題是一種在不給提示詞的前 提下，要求根據(jù)句意、句法或句子間邏輯關(guān)系而填空的設(shè)題。這里要填的主票 是介詞、連詞、冠詞、代詞it、關(guān)系代詞/副詞。由于不給提示詞，實(shí)際上加 大了解題的難度。解答此類題目（特別是要填的是連詞）時(shí)，首先要從句意上去考慮，看看句意是否通順連貫。然后從句子結(jié)構(gòu)上去考慮，看看所填句子是 簡單句還是復(fù)合句，如果是復(fù)合句，就要考慮從句連接詞的選擇。最后從句子 間的邏輯上考慮，選擇適合句子間邏輯關(guān)系的詞

4、進(jìn)行填充。比方因果關(guān)系要考 慮so, because等； 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系要考慮but, though;并列關(guān)系要考慮and。如 果是缺關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞，那么要根據(jù)定語從句的句子成分來定奪。而要填的是 介詞時(shí)，一定要關(guān)注空格前的動(dòng)詞是不是vi,是vi要考慮其搭配，更要考慮空 格后的詞/短語的含義，選擇用合適的介詞。冠詞一般出現(xiàn)在名詞或名詞短語前, 特別是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前要考慮a/an0另外要注意習(xí)慣用法。一、中考語法填空題的解題步驟：.假設(shè)是短文語法填空，就讀首段首句，預(yù)猜文章大意；（假設(shè)猜不出文章大意. 就快速瀏覽全文）；如果是單句，直接進(jìn)第二步。.邊讀邊認(rèn)邊填;（看要填的空有無提示詞，有，是哪些詞

5、？用以上的方 法去套用）.重讀以檢查核對。/動(dòng)詞形（謂語形式和非謂語形式）詞形填空詞形填空詞形填空自贊變化名詞數(shù)（名詞變復(fù)數(shù)和所有格）詞形填空自贊變化名詞數(shù)（名詞變復(fù)數(shù)和所有格）代詞格（代詞主格、賓格、形容詞性語法語法級(jí)形制容詞、副詞的三級(jí)互史）語法語法級(jí)形制容詞、副詞的三級(jí)互史）主代詞、名詞性物主代詞、反身代詞）填空湘互變化 （構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)，nOv. OadjOadv.）無提示詞填空（介詞、連詞、冠詞、代詞）下面我們以2021年浙江省杭州市英語中考試卷為例，講解如何做題: 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Al I around the worId, fa

6、mi Iies ceIebrate spec ia I days together. Traditions for these days 51 （be） very d i ff erent. Some of them may surpr i se you.FamiIies in most countr ies have a specia I day to ceIebrate mothers. I n Serb i a, th i s day i s on 52 second Sunday before Chr i stmas. On that day, chi Idren sneak (溜)i

7、nto their 53 (mother) bedroom and t i e her feet with r i bbon (絲帶)so that she cant get out of bed. Then they shout, Mother s Day, Mother * s Day! What wi I I you pay 54 (get) away?11 Then the mother gives 55 (they) sma I I treats and presents as payment so that the kids free her.I n Ch i na, they s

8、ay that 56 (baby) are one year o I d when they are born. After that, a I I chi Idren ce Iebrate thei r bi rthday on New Year s Day because that s when they grow a year 57 (old). Actua I b i rthdays are 58 (usua I) ce I ebrated with a b i g fami ly mea I. The tradition i s that the bi rthday boy or b

9、i rthday girl shou Id f i I I thei r mouth with as many Iong noodIes 59 they can and then eat them. Th i s i s because in Chinese culture, Iong nood Ies are a symboI 60 Iong I i fe.解答分析：這篇短文語法填空題，首先讀首段首句，預(yù)猜文章大意：我們 讀第一句就知道它是介紹“全世界的家庭怎么在一起慶祝特別的日子”的。然 后邊讀邊認(rèn)邊填。51空是個(gè)動(dòng)詞be,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)我們知道be在這個(gè)句子作謂語，而時(shí)間 是these d

10、ays,主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞traditions,所以填are;52空是無提示詞，根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)該填個(gè)冠詞the,因?yàn)榭崭窈笫莻€(gè) 序數(shù)詞second,表示特指；53空是個(gè)名詞且在句中作定語，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)填mother的所有格 (mother s);54空是動(dòng)詞，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)我們知道它作目的狀語,所以用非謂語動(dòng)詞一 不定式to get;55空是個(gè)代詞，代詞考查“格”，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處是個(gè)賓語，應(yīng)填賓格 them;56空是個(gè)名詞，名詞考查“數(shù)”，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處的名詞作賓語從句 的主語，根據(jù)后面的謂語are,這就考查了名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，答案是babies;57空是形容詞，形容詞考查“級(jí)”，根據(jù)句意填

11、比擬級(jí)，故答案是。Ider;58空也是形容詞，這里沒有“級(jí)”的意味，應(yīng)該是相互變化(形容詞變成 副詞)，確實(shí)它在句中修飾動(dòng)詞celebrated作狀語，故用副詞usual ly;59空是無提示詞，根據(jù)句型“as many as”意思是“盡量多的。故填as;60.空還是無提示詞，猜都要猜到是介詞了，何況根據(jù)句型“a symbol of sth. ” 意思是“的象征句意：這是因?yàn)殚L面條是長壽的象征。故填of。強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練： 語法填空(共80小題；每題1分，總分值80分)A (2021年長沙市中考真題)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Henry i s 56 Amer i

12、 canbus i nessman. One day, when he was sa i I i ng (月亢行)on a boat near San Franc i sco, he was carr i ed out i nto the sea by a strong wind. 57(luck), he was di scovered and pieked up by a London-bound (開往 倫敦的)ship. So he58 (I and) i n London by accident. Alone and 59 (hunger), he wa I ked on the s

13、treets of the ci ty. Unexpected I y, he 60 (ca I I) i nto a big house.There two rich 61 (brother), 0Ii ver and Roder i ck, gavehim a Ietter and to I d 62 (he) not to open it unt i I two o c I ock of the day. Henry didn t know it was a mi I I i on-pound (百萬英鎊)bank note. He I eft the b i g house andwe

14、nt i ntoacheaprestauranttoget someth i ng to eat. Everyone was impoI ite and impat ient to him. Why?63 he was in rags (衣衫襤褸)and Iooked d i rty. Then, 64 everyone s surpr i se, he handed the owner a mi I I i on-pound bank note to pay forthe mea I. On see i ng the note, a I I the peop I e i n the rest

15、aurant became fr i end Iy and tr i ed the i rbest65 (pI ease) Henry. Don t you th i nk it s the most unbeI i evabIe story i n the worId?B (2020年昆明市中考真題)用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使語篇意思完整，必要時(shí)請用否認(rèn)式。Where I m from, were pretty relaxed about time. We dont I ike to rush around, so we 66 (mind) if peopIe are a little

16、 late sometimes, If you tel I a friend you re going to their house for dinner, its OK if you arrivea bit late. We 67 (real) enjoy our time slowly, We 68 (valuable) the time we spend with our fami Iy and friends in our everyday I ives. We often just drop by our friends homes if we have time.69 (besid

17、es),we dont usual ly have to make plans to meet our friends. We often just walk around the town center, see i ng as many of our friends as we can!In Switzerland, its very important 70 (is) on time. We1 re the capital of c I ocks and watches, after all! If someone invites you to meet him or her at no

18、on, then you 71 (expect) to be there at noon. If you1 re even 15 minutes late, 72 (you) friend may get mad. So I make an 73 (effort) to be on time when I meet my friends. I always leave the house early to avoid heavy traffic because I think its impol ite to keep others 74 (wait) . Also, we never vis

19、it a fr iend1 s house without calling 75 (one) . We a I most always make plans to see friends. We usually plan to do something interesting, or go somewhere together.C (2021年永州市中考真題)閱讀下面的材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(限1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確 形式，使句子通順完整。Nowadays, better medical care and cleaner water help people live (long).

20、At the very heart of Beijing, the Palace Museum is Chinas largest of all the ancient(building).People around the world are working on(reduce) the causes of global warming.He who has not climbed Great Wall is not a true man.The official language of China is Putonghua,the foreigners usually call it Ma

21、ndarin.Aid-Autumn Festival is a special time for families and it is the 15th dayof the eighth lunar month.Chairman Mao once(say) that women could hold up half the sky.China(have) three main types of teas: green tea, black lea and wulong (a tea, halfway between black and green tea).Mattew Chimudzi wa

22、nts to study Chinese so that he can have a good (communicate) with people in China one day.When it comes to my birthdays, I would like to invite my friends(watch) a movie.D (2021年河北省中考真題)Hi Alice,My names Zhao Ming and Id like to be your pen friend. Im 16 years old. I have two little brothers. Theyr

23、e very 71.(love). I often help my parents look 72.them in my spare time. My mother 73.(work) in a toy shop. She loves 74.(she) job. And my father is 75.engineer. He is busy every day, 76.he tries to spend more time with us. Im in the school basketball team. We usually play 77. (match) on Saturday mo

24、rnings. Last week we played against another school. They ran 78. (fast) than us. However, we had better teamwork. Finally, we 79. (win)! How happy we were! This is the 80. (eight)time we beat them.Could you tell me something about you? Please write.BestZhao MingE (2021年吉林長春市中考真題)閱讀下面的材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(

25、限1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確 形式，使句子通順完整。1.1 want to be a teacher like Zhang Guimei when I grow.The smart boy can find Beijing easily on map of ChinaIf you borrow books from the library, give back on timeChangbai Mountain in Jin Province is a good place (have) fun.They came up a good idea to keep their classroom

26、clean and tidy.We should speak to the old people(polite)Helen enjoys(listen) to soft music when she is tiredDont eat too much junk food because its(healthy)Shanghai ismy fathers favorite city and its his(five)time to visit it. 10. People show thanks to (nurse)because they take good care of patients.

27、F (2021年上海市中考真題)閱讀下面的材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(限1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確 形式，使句子通順完整。1 live near my school. It takes meonlyten to walk there.(minute)Lily and Mary have known eachotherfor years.(seventh)The Bund attracts manypeoplewith beautiful night view.(it)The organization has set strict rules on thereleaseof chemical

28、s.(harm)Without the glasses, he cant see the wordsontheblackboard.(clear)Tony has made up his mind to be asoldierto the country aftergraduation.(service)Shanghai Museum hasalarge of works of art from home andabroad.(collect)Some rainforests arelikelyto if we dont take action to protectthem.(appear)I

29、 never doubt this English dictionary is of great help to me.elephant is heavier than a horse.G (2021年福建省中考真題)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)語境、音標(biāo)或所給單詞的提示，在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)恰 當(dāng)?shù)脑~，要求所填的詞意義準(zhǔn)確、形式正確，使短文意思完整、行文連貫。Tai chi is a symbol of Chinese culture. It was first 81 (develop)in China as wushu, but its becoming one of 82 most popular

30、 sports around the world. Its practiced by over 100 million people in more than 15083 (country).Tai chi is a mix of breathing, meditation (冥想)and 84/ slao/movements. As you make your movements, you breathe 85 (deep) and naturally with meditation. This helps you 86 /fri:/ yourself from relax and pres

31、sure (壓力).Caitlin, a young German beginner, says, Tai chi is a fun exercise, easy to learn, and you dont have to be good 87及it to enjoy it. I love the feeling of calm I get from it.Caitlin, a young German beginner, says, Tai chi is a fun exercise, easy to learn, and you dont have to be good 87Its be

32、st to learn tai chi from a teacher; so you can either5look for local clubs 88 ask at school about classes. You can also take an 89 / nlain/ class and try tai chi at home.Its a perfect way to help give you a sense of happiness and peace after 90 (spend)a tiring day. Its worth a go, isnt it?H (2021年浙江

33、省麗水市中考真題)Ed, William and Dan are three young men who love music. Theyveleft their comfortable homes without taking any 66(money)or mobile phones. They plan 67 (walk)around the whole Britain, singing for dinner and sleeping anywhere like fields.Ed and Dan met William when they were at school. They al

34、l liked walking. 68 they finished school, Ed went to study art in Paris and became 69. artist. Dan becameagardener and William a bookseller. They were still friends, 70 they weren/t very happy with their lives.One day they said, Why dont we start walking? And so they did.They love simple activities 71 the busy, stressful world.Peopleoftenask 72. (we) whywere doing this. But youknowitsagreat life and were learning so much on our journey, says William 73(proud).Last year they started a website to tell people a lot of stories about their walks. T