商務(wù)英語精讀 unit-10課件

Unit-10ReadingIReadingIIExtendedActivitiesTeachingAimUNITTeachingAimTeachingAimUnit10AirTravel1.CognitiveInformation(認知信息):AirTravel ReservingFlightTickets2.LanguageFocus(內(nèi)容重點)—

KeyWords:I.determine,stroll,justice,reward,punish,ulcer,tothebone,round,guy,abuse,wimp,saunter,fuss,crush,conspiracy,ultimate,counter,hurry,tumble,guts,snap;II.reservation,available,opening,book,supersaver,tentatively,penalize,fare,rateTeachingAimTeachingAimUnit10AirTravel—Phrases:I.takeoff,payoff,makeafuss,onboard,ontopof,showup,makeit,outofbreath,inadvance,argueover;II.asfor,beeligiblefor,priorto—WordStudy:suffer,aware,miss,embarrass,figure—UsefulStructures:beabouttododosth.three/...timesnomatterhow/whether/whatetc.havetheguts(todo)solongas...whatif...TeachingAimTeachingAimUnit10AirTravel —Grammar:ContinuousandPerfectContinuousTensesofVerbs3.CommunicativeSkills(交際技能) —Expressions:BookingFlightTickets —Reading:FlightSchedule4.PhoneticReview(語音復(fù)習(xí)):Semi-vowelsReadingIReadingIUnit10AirTravel

Pre-reading

Text

BackgroundInformation

NewWordsandExpressions

ExercisesPost-readingUNIT

Airline_________________________________________ ________pilot______________________________ _______________________________depart ________firstclass_______________________________

boardaplane___________________________ ___________________________________Pre-readingIPre-readingIUnit10AirTravelI.Brainstorming:Workwithyourpartnerandwriteoutwordsorexpressionsabouttravelbyair.airportairterminalairfaresairticketaircrewairhostessstewardstewardesslandarriveflytakeofftouristclasseconomyclassbusinessclasscabingetintoaplanegetoffaplanemisstheflight/planecanceltheflightPre-readingIIPre-readingIIUnit10AirTravelII.Pairwork:Discussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartner.1. Haveyouevertraveledbyairbefore? Ifyes,howdoyoulikeyourairtravelexperiences? Ifnot,doyouknowanythingaboutairtravel?2. Whatdoyouthinkaretheprimaryconcernsofmostairtravelers?

Airtravelsafetyandsecurity,service,airfare,convenience...3. Whattipswouldyouliketogivetoafriendembarkingonanairtrip?Text-1TextUnit10AirTravelGettingtotheAirport1Afteryearsofstudy,Ihavedeterminedthereareonlytwotypesofpeopleinthisworld:thosewhogettotheairportearlyandthosewhostrollinastheplaneisabouttotakeoff.2Iftherewereanyjusticeinthisworld,theearly-airportpeoplewouldberewardedfordoingtherightthing.Andthelate-airportpeoplewouldbepunished.3Butthereisnojustice.Theearly-airportpeoplegetulcers,heartattacksandbitetheirfingernailstothebone.Text-2TextUnit10AirTravel4Thelate-airportpeoplebarelyareawaretheyareflying.5Ioncefoundmyselfinanairportbarwithamanonthesameflightasme.Ourflighthadbeencalledthreetimes,butheinsistedwestayforanotherround.6“Ifwemissthisone,there’salwaysanotherplaneinanhour,”hesaid,signalingfortwomoredrinks.7“ToDhahran,SaudiArabia?”Isaid.“Thereisn’tanotherflightforaweek.”Text-3TextUnit10AirTravel8“Ihaveatheory,”hesaid.“Ifyoumissyourflight,it’sbecauseGoddidn’twantyoutogo.”9Thisisclearlyaguywhoisnevergoingtogetanulcer.10Early-airportpeoplesufferanotherabuse.Theyarecalledexactlywhattheyare:wimps.11IknowIwasanearly-airportpersonforyears.12Myluggagewillgetontheplanefirst,Itoldmyself.13Indeeditwill.Whichmakesitthelastluggagetheytakeofftheplanewhenyouland.Text-5TextUnit10AirTravel18ButifIgettherereal,realearly,Itoldmyoldwimpyself,Iwillgetthebestseat.19Well,justtrytoshowupearlyandgettheseatyouwant.Goaheadandtry.20

NomatterhowearlyIshowup,Iwasalwaystoldthatsomeonehadcalledtwoorthreeyearsaheadofmeandaskedforthatseat.21Ifigureditwasaconspiracy.IfiguredtherewassomeoneinAmericawhocalledeveryairlineeverydayandsaid:“IsthatwimpSimonflyingsomewheretoday?Ifheis,givemehisseat.”Text-6TextUnit10AirTravel22 Theultimateembarrassmentoftheearly-airportpersonhappenedtomeafewyearsagowhenIwasflyingfromLaGuardiatoO’Hare.23 WhenIgottotheticketcounter,thepersontheresaid:“Sir,youhaveaseatonthe9:15a.m.flighttoChicago,isthatright?”24 “Yes,”Isaid.25 “Well,it’sonly7a.m.,andthe7:05a.m.flighthasnotleftyet.Ifyouhurry,youcanmakeit.”26 IwastooembarrassedtosaythatIarrivedatairportsearlysoIwouldn’thavetohurry.Instead,Irandownthecorridortotheplane.BackgroundInformationUnit10AirTravel1.HistoryofflightDuringthelate1700’s,peoplemadetheirfirstflightsintotheairusingballoons,whichwereanearlyformofairship.Afterthefirstballoonflights,inventorstriedtodevelopaheavierthanairflyingmachine.Someinventorsexperimentedwithgliders(enginelessplanes).Theystudiedbirds’wingsanddiscoveredthatthewingsarecurved.Bybuildinggliderswithcurvedwingsinsteadofflatones,theycouldmakethevehiclesflyhundredsoffeetormeters.Butlongdistanceflightinaheavier-than-airmachinedidnotbecomepossibleuntiltheinventionofanenginelightenoughbutpowerfulenoughtokeepaplaneinflight.BackgroundInformationBackgroundInformationUnit10AirTravelThefirstsuchengineswerefourstrokegasolineengines,developedduringthe1880’sandinitiallyusedtopowerbicycles,boats,andcarriages.In1903,thebrothersOrvilleandWilburWright—twoAmericanbicyclemakers—madethefirstsuccessfulpoweredairplaneflightsinhistorynearKittyHawk,NorthCarolina.AftertheWrightbrothers’success,pilotsandinventorsworkedcontinuallytoimproveairplanedesign.Bythelate1950’s,passengerplaneswithjetengineshadbroughtallcountrieswithineasyreachofoneanother,andtheworldseemedmuchsmallerthanithadbeenjustafewyearsbefore.BackgroundInformationBackgroundInformationUnit10AirTravel2.ImpactofairtravelonhumanlifeForallofhistory,humanityhadseentheworldfromtheground.Ithadreliedsolelyupontransportationthatmovedacrossthegroundandoverorarounditsobstacles.WhenOrvilleandWilburWrightflewhistory’sfirstairplanefor120shortfeet(36and1/2meters)inNorthCarolinain1903,thesignificanceoftheirnewinventionwasofcoursenotyetapparent.Thefirstpassengerplanes,barely20yearslater,didlittletochangethatview.In1927,Lindbergh’stransatlanticflightcapturedAmerica’simagination.FurtherdevelopmentsduringWorldWarIIspedthedevelopmentofcommercialaviation.AirplanemanufacturersDouglasandBoeingbuiltnewairplaneswithpressurizedandheatedcabins.Suddenlyairplanescouldflyabovebadweatherandmountains,wheretheairandthustherideweresmoother.BackgroundInformationBackgroundInformationUnit10AirTravelIn1940,threemillionAmericansflew.By1956,55millionflew.Thefirstjetairliner,theBoeing707,wasintroducedin1959.ItcutflyingtimebetweenNewYorkandLondonfromtwelvehourstosixhours.Butbythe1960s,airtravelerswerestillmostlywealthypeopleandbusinesspeopleonexpenseaccounts.Ordinarypeoplecouldnotaffordtofly,toseetheirlovedonesinothercities,orvisitexcitingvacationspots.However,by1990,moreadultAmericanshadflownthanownedacar.BackgroundInformationBackgroundInformationUnit10AirTravelAlongwithhighways,theInternet,andcableandsatellitetelevision,widelyavailableairtravelhashelpedconnectpeoplewiththeworldoutsideoftheirowncommunities.Airtravelhashadaprofoundimpact,bothmaterialandsocial,onourlife.Ithasaffectedthewaywelive,thewayweviewourselvesandtheworldaroundus,andthewaywedobusiness.Althoughdifficulttomeasure,aviation’shistorysuggeststhatithascontributedtowidespreadawarenessofandconnectiontopeopleandplacesverydifferentfromone’sown.BackgroundInformationBackgroundInformationUnit10AirTravel3.AirlineindustryinChinaAirlineindustryinChinadevelopedveryrapidlyoverthelast50years,asdomesticroutesincreasedfrom12to1,115andinternationalroutesincreasedfromninecitiesinfivecountriesto64citiesin34countries.Until1979,airtravelwasstillquiterare.Duringthelasttwodecades,morethan40newairportswerebuiltandmorethan60wereupgradedandexpanded.In1978,Chinaranked32ndamongICAOcovenantcountriesinpassengervolumeandranks6thtoday.ItisestimatedthatthepassengervolumeofChina’sairtransportationwillgrowatanaverageannualrateof8.5%between2000and2019,reachingtheannualvolumeof438.7billionkilometers.BackgroundInformationBackgroundInformationUnit10AirTravelThesethreemajorcompetitorshavedevelopedbrandloyaltyandareselectedasthepreferredcarriersbytheChinesetravelingpublic.Oneofthemajorlimitationstotheairlineindustry’sgrowthisthelackofavailabilityofairportsandtherelatedinfrastructurethatisrequiredfortheairlinestoprovidetheairtransportationservices.Since1987,ChinesegovernmentspentRMB39.2billion(US$4.72billion)inconstructingairinfrastructure.Airlineindustry(airlinecompaniesandairports)hasalsobeeninstitutingsignificantchangestoimprovetheinfrastructure,especiallytohelpcustomersacquireticketsandmakeinformeddecisions.BackgroundInformationBackgroundInformationUnit10AirTravel4.Airtraveltips Airtraveltodayisn’taseasyasitusedtobe.Therearemorequestions,options,andconcernsthanever.Willyoubeabletogetanaffordableseat?Howmanycarry-onscanyoubringontheplane?Howlongshouldyouexpecttobedetainedatsecurity?Whatkindsofidentificationareabsolutelyrequiredfordomesticandinternationaltravel?Tomakeairtravellessintimidating,we’veoutlinedsomeofthethingstoconsider:BackgroundInformationBackgroundInformationUnit10AirTravelWhentravelinginternationallymakesurethatyouhaveanyvisasthatmayberequired.Verifyiftherearebusinessortouristvisasandwhichonebestsuitsthepurposeofyourtravel.Domakephotocopiesofyourpassport,visasandanyotherpertinenttraveldocuments.Packcopiesinyourluggageaswellasleavingcopieswithyourworkplace,familyand/orfriends.Bringacopyofyourmedicalhistorywithyou.Thiscouldsimplyinvolvelistinganymedicalconditions,bloodtype,etc.Ifyouaretravelinginternationallytrytohavekeyphraseswritteninthelocallanguagesuchas“help”,or“Ineedtoseeadoctor／thepolice”.BackgroundInformationNewWordsandExpressionsNewWordsandExpressionsUnit10AirTravel

NewwordsandExpressions

Notes

LanguageandCultureFocusNewwordsandExpressionsNewwordsandExpressionsUnit10AirTravel1.determine v. toconcludeafterreasoningorobservation確定2.stroll

v. towalkinarelaxedway散步3.justice

n. fairness;rewardforgoodness,punishmentforevil公正；公平4.reward

v. gainsomethingasareturnforworkorservice報酬5.ulcer

n. damagetotheinsideofthestomach胃潰瘍6.fingernail

n. oneofthehardflatpiecesattheendsofthefingers指甲7.barely

ad. hardly;almostnot幾乎不8.

round

n. one(drink)foreveryone(斟)一巡(酒)9.guy

n. (infml)aman;fellow家伙10.abuse

n. unkind,cruelorrudewords辱罵11.

wimp

n. coward;personwithnocourage懦夫[wimpya.beingcowardly怯懦的]NewwordsandExpressionsNewwordsandExpressionsUnit10AirTravel12.saunter

v. towalkforpleasure蹓跶；散步13.fuss

n. unnecessaryexcitement,worry,impatience,etc.Oftenaboutsomethingunimportant大驚小怪14.crush

v. tobreaksomethingbypressingwithgreatforce壓碎15.figure

v. (infl.esp.AmE)toconsider；toestimate揣測；相信NewwordsandExpressionsNewwordsandExpressionsUnit10AirTravel16.conspiracy

n. anevilplan；theactofmakingsuchaplan陰謀17.ultimate

a. beingattheendor happeningintheend最終的18.embarrassment

n. thestateofcausingsomebodytofeelashamedorsociallyuncomfortable使窘迫

[embarrassmentn.窘迫]19.counter n. anarrowtableorflatsurfaceonwhichgoodsareshowninashop,bank,etc.柜臺NewwordsandExpressionsNewwordsandExpressionsUnit10AirTravel20.hurry

v. tocausetobequickinaction匆忙；倉促21.instead ad. inplaceof代替22.stumble

v. tohitone’sfootagainstsomethingwhilemovingalongandstarttofall絆跌23.unoccupied

a. nottaken未被占用的24.guts

n. courage勇氣25.snap

v. tosay

quickly,usu.inanannoyedorangryway怒氣沖沖地說26.argue

v. toprovidereasonfororagainstsomething爭論；辯論NewwordsandExpressionsNewwordsandExpressionsUnit10AirTravel1.takeoff (aplane)toriseintotheairatthebeginningofaflight起飛2.payoff topayanddismisssomebody付錢打發(fā)人走3.makeafuss(about/oversth.) topayexcessiveattentionto大驚小怪4.onboard onaplane(aship,orapublicvehicle)在飛機上(船上、車上)5.showup toarrive到達NewwordsandExpressionsNewwordsandExpressionsUnit10AirTravel6.ontopof on,above在……上7.makeit tosucceed成功8.outofbreath breathingveryrapidly；breathless氣喘吁吁9.argueover toprovidereasonsfororagainstsomething爭辯10.inadvance aheadof提前；預(yù)先NotesNotesUnit10AirTravelbitetheirfingernailstothebone:bitingone’sfingernailisanactshowingimpatienceornervousness.Thisisclearlyaguywhoisnevergoingtogetanulcer:ulcerisbelievedtobeusuallycausedinpartbyworry.Theguymentionedinthetextseemsnevertohaveexperiencedworry,henceitisquiteunlikelythathewillgetanulcer.thepilotispracticallyintheairwhen...:thepilotisabouttotakeoff;practically:almost.LaGuardia:oneofthetwoairportsinNewYork,theotheronebeingJ.F.Kennedy.O’Hare:anairportinChicago,thebiggestairportintheUS.afteralifetimeofarguingover...:afteralongargumentover...1.determine:

1)

vt.tofindouttheexactdetailsorfactsaboutsomething找出；測定；確定e.g. Yourparents’incomeisusedtodetermineyourleveloffinancialaid. Thepurposeoftheexciseistodeterminewherewewanttogofromhere.

2)

vt.tohaveastronginfluenceoreffectonsth.決定；支配e.g. Usuallythesizeofthepracticewilldeterminethenumberofdoctors.

3)

vt.toofficiallydecidesth.確定；規(guī)定e.g. Thedateofthecourtcasewasyettobedetermined.

4)

vt.toformafirmintentiontodosth.決心(做某事)e.g. Wedeterminedtoleaveatonce.DetermineLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravelstrollLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel2.stroll:

vi.towalkashortdistanceslowlyorlazily,esp.forpleasure散步；溜達；漫步e.g.Westrolledin/aroundtheparkforanhourorso. Themanagerwasfuriouswhenthenewtraineestrolledintoworktwohourslater. “Stroll”canalsobeanoun.e.g. Let’sgoforastroll.BeabouttodoLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel3.beabouttodo:Ifsomeoneisabouttodosomething,orifsomethingisabouttohappen,theywilldoitoritwillhappenverysoon.將要，正打算e.g.WewerejustabouttoleavewhenJerryarrived. Workwasabouttostartonanewfactorybuilding.

Cf.

notbeabouttodosomething:［informal］usedtoemphasizethatyouhavenointentionofdoingsomething.不打算e.g.I’veneversmokedinmylifeandI’mnotabouttostartnow.justiceLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel4.justice:

n.thequalityofbeingjust;fairness正義；公正；合理性e.g.Theyhaveatlastreceivedcompensationfortheirinjuries,sojusticehasbeendone. Heclaimed—withjustice—thathehadnotreceivedhisfairshare. Iwouldn’tdisputethejusticeofhisremarks. [相關(guān)搭配] bringsomeonetojustice將某人繩之以法e.g. Thepolicemustdoalltheycantobringcriminalstojustice.

acourtofjustice法院；法庭antonym:injusticerewardLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel5.reward:

vt.［for/with］togivearewardtoforanaction酬報；酬謝；報答；獎賞e.g. Hewasgenerouslyrewarded. Theyrewardedthestudentwithadictionaryforhisgoodperformanceinthespeechcontest. HowcanIrewardyourkindness?［相關(guān)詞］ rewarding

adj.worthdoingorhaving;givingsatisfaction.有益的；值得做的；可喜的e.g.Nursingcanbeaveryrewardingcareer.6.punish:

vt.tomakesomeonesufferbecausetheyhavedonesomethingwrongorbrokenthelaw處罰；懲處e.g. Somepeoplebelievethatsmackingisnotanacceptablewaytopunishachild. Insomecountrieswomenwhohaveabortionscanbepunishedbyimprisonment. [相關(guān)詞] punishment

n.懲罰；處罰e.g. aharsh/severepunishment Youknowthepunishmentfortreason,don’tyou? Wearedeterminedthattheterroristswillnotescapepunishment.punishLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravelulcerLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel7.ulcer:

n.damagetotheinsideofthestomach.潰瘍e.g.stomachulcer胃潰瘍TotheboneLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel8.tothebone:Thisphraseisalwaysusedtogetherwithotherwordstoemphasizetheextremeorminimumdegree. [相關(guān)詞組] bechilled/frozentothebone:tobeextremelycold.凍僵e.g.BythattimeIwaschilledtothebone,exhaustedfromthetraffic. Iswearyouarefrozentothebone. closetothebone:露骨的e.g.Someofhisjokeswereabitclosetothebone. cutsomethingtothebone:把(成本或服務(wù)等)削減到最低程度ThreetimesLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel9.dosth.three/four...times:“...times”isusedastheadverbialtoexpressfrequencyofactivities.做某事三次/四次e.g.Hemadenoansweruntiltheteachercalledhisnamethreetimes. Hediditmanytimes,buteverytimehefailed. Weusuallysay“dosth.once/twice”,insteadof“dosth.onetime/twotimes”.roundLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel10.round:

n.Aroundofeventsisaseriesofrelatedevents,whicharepartofalongerprocess.(一輪)e.g. athirdroundofpeacetalks theGovernment’slatestroundofexpenditurecuts Inthetext,itreferstoone(drink)foreveryone.(斟)一巡(酒)e.g.Wewillhaveanotherroundofdrinksbeforewegetdowntowork.guyLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel11.guy:

n.[informal]aman[非正式]男人；家伙e.g.Dave’saniceguywhenyougettoknowhim. ［相關(guān)詞］ pal:n.[非正式]密友；好友e.g.Wejustweren’tpalsanymore. buddy:n.[非正式]朋友；伙伴e.g.We’regoodbuddies. fellow:n.[過時]朋友[用于友好地稱呼男人]e.g.Hellomydearfellow! fellowworkers/students/countrymen:同事/同學(xué)/同胞abuseLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel12.abuse:

1)

n.wronguse濫用；妄用e.g.theabuseofpower/drugs

2)

n.badorcrueltreatment虐待e.g.childabuse

3)

vt.torudethingstoorabout;toputtowronguse;usebadly濫用；妄用e.g.Heabusedhispower.wimpLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel13.wimp:

n.coward;personwithnocourage懦夫e.g.Don’tbesuchawimp!別那么窩囊！saunterLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel14.saunter:

vi.towalkinanunhurriedway,andesp.inaconfidentmanner溜跶；散步e.g. Hesaunteredintheforest,listeningtothechirpingofthebirds.synonym:strollPayoffLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel15.payoff:

1)topayanddismisssomebody付錢打發(fā)人走e.g.Hisworkwasmostunsatisfactory,sowepaidhimoffattheendoftheweek.

2)topaythewholeof(adebt)付清(債務(wù)等)e.g.Ijustpaidoffmydebtandhadnomoremoneyforinvestment.MakeafussLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel16.makeafuss:

1)tocomplainorbecomeangryaboutsomething,especiallywhenthisisnotnecessary大驚小怪；小題大做e.g.Idon’tknowwhyyou’remakingsuchafussaboutit. Don’tmakesomuchfussoverlosingapen.

2)toprotest抗議；抱怨e.g.I’mgoingtohavetomakeafussabouttheserviceinthishotel.OnboardLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel17.onboard:onaship,plane,orspacecraft(在船/機上)e.g.Thereare12childrenonboardtheship.synonym:aboardOntopofLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel18.ontopof:reston,above在……上e.g.Therewasapileofbooksontopof(=on)thetable. Puttheletterontopofthatpileofbooks,whereitcanbeseeneasily. They’vefinallygotontopofthesituation(=Theyhavecontrolofit).ShowupUnit10AirTravel19.showup:

1)toarriveasexpectedorarranged(按預(yù)期或安排)到達或出現(xiàn)e.g.Dideveryoneyouinvitedshowup?

2)tomakecleartheunpleasanttruthabout揭發(fā)LanguageandCultureFocuse.g. Iintendtoshowupthisdeception/showupthismanfortheliarheis.crushLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel20.crush:

vt.topresssth.sohardthatitbreaksorisdamaged壓碎；壓壞；壓扁e.g.Hislegwascrushedintheaccidents. Twopeoplewerecrushedtodeathintherushtoescape. [相關(guān)搭配]

crusharebellion/uprising/revolt鎮(zhèn)壓叛亂/起義/反叛

crushsb’shopes/enthusiasm/confidence使某人的希望/熱情/信心破滅NomatterhowUnit10AirTravel21.nomatterhow/whether/whatetc.:usedtosaythatsomethingistrueorthatsomethinghappenswhateverthesituationis.無論，不管Here“nomatter”introducesanadverbialclauseofconcession(讓步狀語從句).e.g. Feedingababyisamessyjobnomatterhowcarefulyouare. I’mdeterminedtovisitEnglandnomatterwhatitcosts.LanguageandCultureFocusconspiracyLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel22.conspiracy:

n.anevilplan;theactofmakingsuchaplan陰謀e.g.afraudconspiracy詐騙陰謀 aconspiracytosmuggledrugsintothatcountry Themenwerefoundguiltyofconspiracytomurder. [相關(guān)詞] conspire:vi.密謀；共謀；搞陰謀e.g. Thecriminalsconspired(together/witheachother)torobabank. conspirator:n.陰謀家；共謀者ultimateUnit10AirTravel23.ultimate

1)

adj.greatest;betterorworsethananyother最大的；極限的e.g.Tolookforthegasleakwithalightedmatchreallywastheultimatestupidity. Withatopspeedof200milesperhour,thisistheultimatesportscar.

2)

adj.final最后的；最終的e.g.TheirultimatedestinationisLondon. Theultimateaimoftheireffortsistoestablishpeaceandsecurityintheworld.LanguageandCultureFocusultimateLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel

3)

n.[in]thehighestpoint終極；頂點；極限e.g. theultimateinstupidity/luxury [相關(guān)詞] ultimately

adv.最終；終于；最后e.g.Ultimately,thesuccessoftheproductdependsongoodmarketing.counterLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel24.counter:

n.anarrowtableorflatsurfaceonwhichgoodsareshowninashop,banketc.柜臺e.g.I’msorry.Thiscounterisclosednow. [相關(guān)詞] overthecounter(OTC):drugs,medicinesetc.thatareboughtoverthecounterareonesthatyoucanbuyinashopwithoutaprescriptionfromadoctor.(非處方藥)MakeitLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel25.makeit:besuccessfule.g.Ifyouworkhard,youwillmakeit.OutofbreathLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel26.outof/shortofbreath:breathingveryquickly(e.g.afterrunningfast);pantinghardly上氣不接下氣e.g.Hearrivedattheairport,outofbreath.stumbleLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel27.stumble:

vi.tofallsuddenlyorhelplessly;rolloverordownquicklyorviolently倒下；跌倒；摔倒；絆倒；翻滾e.g.Thelittleboytrippedandstumbleddownthestairs. Stockmarketpricesstumbled(=fellsharply)afterrumorsofariseininterestrates.gutsLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel28.guts:thecourageanddeterminationyouneedtodosomethingdifficultorunpleasant膽量；決心e.g.Ittakesgutstostartanewbusinessonyourown. havethegutstodosth:havethecouragetodosth.e.g.Thewriterdidn’thavethegutstoputanametoit!snapLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel29.snap:

vi./vt.[at]tospeakorsayquicklyandusuallyinanannoyedway急促地說；厲聲地說e.g.“Shutup!”snappedMr.SmithtocutshortTom’slongandpointlessreport. Hetendstosnapatpeoplewhenhe’sgotaheadache. Hesnappedoutanorder.30.argue: 1)vi.[over/with/about]toexpressdisagreementinwords,oftenwithstrongfeeling;quarrel爭辯；爭論；爭吵e.g.Dowhatyouaretoldanddon’targuewithme. Theyarealwaysarguingabout/overmoney. 2)vi./vt.toprovidereasonsfororagainststh.esp.clearlyandinproperorder辯論e.g.Wecouldarguethispointforhourswithoutreachinganyconclusions. Hearguedfor/againsttheproposedtaxcut. Iwouldarguethatsendingmentothemoonisawasteofmoney. [相關(guān)詞]

argument

n.爭論；爭辯；爭吵；論據(jù)；理由；辯論argueLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravelInadvanceLanguageandCultureFocusUnit10AirTravel31.inadvance:beforesomethinghappensorisexpectedtohappen事先e.g.IshouldwarnyouinadvancethatI’mnotaverygooddancer.ExercisesExercisesUnit10AirTravelExerciseIExerciseIIExerciseIIIExerciseIVExerciseVExerciseVI

ExerciseIExerciseIUnit10AirTravelWhathastheauthorfoundoutafteryearsofstudy?Whydoestheauthorsaythatthereisnojusticeintheworld?Whowillgethisluggagefirst?Why?Whatarelate-airportpeopleprobablydoingseveralminutesbeforetheplanetakesoff?Whycan’tyougetagoodseatevenifyouarriveattheairportearly?Pleaseexplain.Whydoestheauthoralwaysarriveattheairporthoursbeforetheplanetakesoff?WhathappenedtotheauthorwhenhearrivedatLaGuardiaairporttwohoursandaquarteraheadofschedule?Iftheauthorismarried,doyouthinkhiswifeisanearly-air