2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南林業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號12

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南林業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Bybeingover-zealouswithfoodrestriction,thedieterinadvertentlymakesabingeonforbiddenfoodsfarmorelikelyandyoumayaswellforgettheideaofbanningthings.

問題1選項

A.mayproperly

B.hadbetter

C.shouldsurely

D.mayprobably

【答案】B

【解析】A選項mayproperly“適當(dāng)?shù)亍?；B選項hadbetter“最好”；C選項shouldsurely“應(yīng)該”；D選項mayprobably“也許可能”。句意：過度熱衷于限制食物，節(jié)食者很可能會無意中暴飲暴食，你最好還是忘記禁食的想法。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞mayaswell“最好”，得知B為正確答案。

2.單選題

Theprotectivecoveringoflobsters,nobodycoulddoubt,isanadaptationevolvedbyDarwinianselection.

問題1選項

A.adjustment

B.application

C.argument

D.assembly

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項adjustment“調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)節(jié)器”；B選項application“應(yīng)用；申請；應(yīng)用程序；敷用；（對事物、學(xué)習(xí)等）投入”；C選項argument“論證；論據(jù)；爭吵；內(nèi)容提要；自變數(shù)；主詞，受詞”；D選項assembly“裝配；集會，集合；匯編，編譯”。句意：毫無疑問，龍蝦身上的保護(hù)層是由達(dá)爾文選擇進(jìn)化而來的一種適應(yīng)。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞adaptation“適應(yīng)”，得知A為正確答案。

3.單選題

Perfectlymatchedpearls,strungintoanecklace,bringafarhigherpricethanthesamepearlssold______.

問題1選項

A.collectively

B.invariably

C.reluctantly

D.individually

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項collectively“集體地，共同地”；B選項invariably“總是；不變地；一定地”；C選項reluctantly“不情愿地；嫌惡地”；D選項individually“個別地，單獨地”。句意：相互般配的珍珠，串成一條項鏈，就……能賣到比同等珍珠賣出的好得多的價錢。根據(jù)句意，A選項及C選項都可排除。D選項“individually”也不符合句意，也可排除。因此B選項正確。

4.單選題

WhenIamonvacation,Iliketoexplorenewcitiesbywalkingrandomlythroughthedowntownstreets.

問題1選項

A.lazily

B.reflectively

C.aimlessly

D.deliberately

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項lazily“懶洋洋地；怠惰地，懶散地”；B選項reflectively“反映地；反照地”；C選項aimlessly“漫無目的地，無目標(biāo)地”；D選項deliberately“故意地；緩慢而謹(jǐn)慎地”。句意：度假時，我喜歡在市中心的街道上隨意走動，探索新的城市。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞randomly“隨便地，任意地；無目的地，胡亂地；未加計劃地”，得知C為正確答案。

5.單選題

Thecompanymakesaperiodicalreviewofexpenditureeverymonth.

問題1選項

A.regular

B.immediate

C.prevalent

D.temporary

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項regular“定期的；有規(guī)律的；合格的；整齊的；普通的”；B選項immediate“立即的；直接的；最接近的”；C選項prevalent“流行的；普遍的，廣傳的”；D選項temporary“暫時的，臨時的”。句意：公司每月定期檢查支出情況。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞periodical“[數(shù)]周期的；定期的”，得知A選項正確。

6.單選題

Whoeversaidthatvictoryhasmanyfathersanddefeatisanorphan,surelyhadneverheardoftheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO).Inthecaseofthehaplessmultilateraltradebodyanditslongsufferingrepresentatives,thetotalfailureoftheopeningmeetingoftheso-calledMillenniumtraderoundhaslotsofpeopleboastingoftheirrolesintheviolentphysicalstruggle.Well.That'sjustbrilliant.Theyareproudofbeingpartofamovementthatwantstowreckthemostimportantengineofeconomicgrowth,prosperityandoverallglobalrisinglivingstandardswehave—thefreedomoftradeandmovementofpeopleandgoodsbetweennations.

The135-membersWTOiscomposedofsovereignofsovereigngovernmentswishingtofurtherthisgoalandeasethesettlementofinternationaltradedisputes.FromthesoundsemanatingfromSeattle,though,itwouldnowseemtheWTOhasnowreplacedtheTrilateralCommissionandtheFreemasonsascandidateNo.1totakeovertheworld.

EverybodyhashisfavoriteSeattlestory.Thecity’spolicechiefwillhaveplentyoftimetothinkabouthis,havingnowresignedindisgraceoverthelossofcontrolofdowntownSeattle.TheSeattlebusinesscommunitymaybemoreinclinedtobroodovertheirs;thepoorfoolsinvested＄9milliontoattractthemeetingtotheirfinecity.Whatstandsoutmore?Iwouldnominatetheunionofsteelworkerswhoweremarchinginprotest.It’sanimagethatwillbogglethemindforyearstocome.

Thedebatenowisoverjusthoweffectivethisanti-globalistcoalitionwillturnouttobe.Intheheatofthemoment,italwayslooksasthoughtheworldasweknowitiscomingtoanenD.Buttheoverwhelminglikelihoodisthatwehavenotactuallyseenarelayoftheanti-VietnamWarmovement,whichhadmuchclearerfocus,obviously,thoughitsconsequenceswerefar-reaching.Howlong,afterall,canyouprotestagainstcheapimportswhenthosesameimportsarealloveryouhouse?

No,therealreasonforthedisasterinSeattleispolitical,andreportscomingoutofthemeetingpointtoPresidentClintonasamajorculprit.WhichmaybebothgoodandbaD.Takingthelongview,othertraderoundshavehaddifficultbeginnings,too.IttookyearstogettheUruguayRoundunderway,whichfinallyhappenedin1986.Thankfully,wewillsoonbeelectinganotherpresident,anditshouldbesomeonewhoseactionsmatchhisrhetoric.

Still,itisadisgracethattheworld'sgreatesttradingnation,i.e.theUnitedStates,iscurrentlyledbyamanwhosemotivationsaresonarrowlypoliticalandegocentricthathehasnowwreckedanychanceofenteringthehistorybooksasachampionoffreetrade.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thefailureoftheSeattlemeetingischieflycausedby_______.

2.Wecanlearnfromthebeginningofthepassagethat______.

3.OneoftheWTO'sgoalsasmentionedinthepassageisto_______.

4.Bysayingthat“It’sanimagethatwillbogglethemindforyearstocome.”(thelastsentenceinParagraph3)theauthormeansthat______.

5.TheauthorisobviouslycriticalofPresidentClintonfor______.

問題1選項

A.anti-globalistandpro-globalistconflicts

B.PresidentClinton’swronginitiatives

C.thestrongprotestsfromdiversegroups

D.thepolice'sfailuretomaintainorder

問題2選項

A.differentforcescontributedtothefailureoftheMillenniumtraderound

B.manypeoplebraggedoftheirpresenceattheMillenniumtraderound

C.thereexistedarangeofviolentdebatedastotheprospectsoftheWTO

D.onlyafewmemberswereproudoftheirmembershipoftheWTO

問題3選項

A.serveasarbitersininternationaltradedisputes

B.ensurecheapexportandimportofgoodsunnecessarily

C.bringabouttheglobalizationofworld'strades

D.encouragefreetradeandgoodsexchangesworldwide

問題4選項

A.theWTOislikelytohaveanegativeimageinpeople'smindinthefuture

B.theWTOwillhavetroublechangingpeople'swayofthinkinginthefuture

C.thestartlingscenewillprobablylingerinpeople'smindtheyearstocome

D.peoplewilllosewhateverconfidencetheyholdinthefutureoftheWTO

問題5選項

A.hisfailingtomatchhiswordswithhisactions

B.hishandlingthematterinawrongperspective

C.hislackinghistoricalknowledgeabouttheWTO

D.hisoveremphasizingtheeconomicroleoftheWTO

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Seattlemeeting”可以定位到文章第五段中“No,therealreasonforthedisasterinSeattleispolitical,andreportscomingoutofthemeetingpointtoPresidentClintonasamajorculprit.”中文翻譯為：不，西雅圖災(zāi)難的真正原因是政治，會議的報告指出，總統(tǒng)克林頓是主要的罪魁禍?zhǔn)??？梢缘弥狟選項“克林頓總統(tǒng)的錯誤舉措”正確。

2.主旨大意題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段，中文翻譯為：誰說勝利有許多父親，失敗是一個孤兒，肯定沒有聽說過世界貿(mào)易組織(WTO)。以不幸的多邊貿(mào)易組織及其長期受苦受難的代表們?yōu)槔?，所謂的千年貿(mào)易回合(Millenniumtraderound)開幕式的徹底失敗，讓很多人吹噓自己在這場激烈的斗爭中扮演的角色。好，這就是燦爛的。他們?yōu)樽约菏且粓鲞\動的一部分而感到自豪，這場運動希望摧毀我們所擁有的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、繁榮和全球整體生活水平不斷提高的最重要引擎——貿(mào)易自由以及國與國之間人員和貨物流動。A選項“不同的力量促成了千年貿(mào)易談判的失敗”符合題意。B選項“許多人吹噓他們出席了千年貿(mào)易談判”不符合題意，故排除。C選項“關(guān)于世貿(mào)組織的前景存在著一系列激烈的爭論”不符合題意，故排除。D選項“只有幾個成員國為他們是世貿(mào)組織的成員而感到自豪”不符合題意，文中很多人吹噓自己在這場激烈的斗爭中扮演的角色，故排除。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段“Theyareproudofbeingpartofamovementthatwantstowreckthemostimportantengineofeconomicgrowth,prosperityandoverallglobalrisinglivingstandardswehave—thefreedomoftradeandmovementofpeopleandgoodsbetweennations.”中文翻譯為：他們?yōu)樽约菏且粓鲞\動的一部分而感到自豪，這場運動希望摧毀我們所擁有的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、繁榮和全球整體生活水平不斷提高的最重要引擎——貿(mào)易自由以及國與國之間人員和貨物流動。D選項“鼓勵世界范圍內(nèi)的自由貿(mào)易和商品交流”符合題意，故選D。A選項“在國際貿(mào)易爭端中擔(dān)任仲裁者”不符合題意，故排除。B選項“確保不必要的廉價進(jìn)出口”不符合題意，故排除。C選項“帶來世界貿(mào)易的全球化”不符合題意，故排除。

4.作者意圖題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句“It’sanimagethatwillbogglethemindforyearstocome.”中文翻譯：這是一個在未來幾年里會讓人難以置信的畫面。A選項“WTO在未來很可能在人們的腦海中有一個負(fù)面的形象”與題干句子意思相符，因此A選項正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。通讀題干定位到文章第五段最后一句“Thankfully,wewillsoonbeelectinganotherpresident,anditshouldbesomeonewhoseactionsmatchhisrhetoric.”中文大意：值得慶幸的是，我們很快將選出另一位總統(tǒng)，而這位總統(tǒng)應(yīng)該是言行一致的人。根據(jù)前文“No,therealreasonforthedisasterinSeattleispolitical,andreportscomingoutofthemeetingpointtoPresidentClintonasamajorculprit.”中文大意：不，西雅圖災(zāi)難的真正原因是政治，會議的報告指出，總統(tǒng)克林頓是主要的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。前文批判克林頓為“罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?，后文筆者說值得慶幸的是將選出另外一位言行一致的總統(tǒng)。A選項“他言行不一致”最符合題意，因此選A。

7.單選題

ItisMr.YorkwhobangsthedruminJohnKirkpatrick'sapparentlyauthentic,andcertainlysuitablebandmusic.

問題1選項

A.genuine

B.reliable

C.honest

D.automatic

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項genuine“真實的，真正的；誠懇的”；B選項reliable“可靠的；可信賴的”；C選項honest“誠實的，實在的；可靠的；坦率的”；D選項automatic“自動的；無意識的；必然的”。句意：約克先生在約翰?柯克帕特里克(JohnKirkpatrick)的音樂中敲起了鼓，這顯然是真實的，當(dāng)然也是合適的樂隊音樂。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞authentic“真正的，真實的；可信的”，得知A為正確答案。

8.單選題

Inmanycountriesnow,smokingisnot______inpublicplaces.

問題1選項

A.permissive

B.permutable

C.pernicious

D.permissible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項permissive“寬容的”；B選項permutable“可排列的；能交換的”；C選項pernicious“有害的；惡性的；致命的；險惡的”；D選項permissible“可允許的；獲得準(zhǔn)許的”。句意：在許多國家，吸煙在公共場所是不……。結(jié)合句意，A，B，C選項可以排除，D選項permissible（可允許的；獲得準(zhǔn)許的）最符合語意，吸煙在公眾場合是不被允許的，因此選項D正確。

9.單選題

Thatcountryisdisturbedatthedevelopmentswhichseemunfavorabletoitsinterests.

問題1選項

A.adverse

B.adherent

C.controversial

D.disagreeable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項adverse“不利的；相反的”；B選項adherent“粘著的；遵守的”；C選項controversial“有爭議的；有爭論的”；D選項disagreeable“不愉快的；厭惡的；不為人喜的”。句意：那個國家對似乎不利于其利益的事態(tài)發(fā)展感到不安。A選項adverse（不利的）最符合題意，B，C，D選項都可排除。結(jié)合句意，A選項正確。

10.單選題

Sometimesthebankmanagerhimselfisaskedto___chequesifhisclerksarenotsureaboutthem.

問題1選項

A.credit

B.assure

C.certify

D.access

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項credit“相信，信任；把……歸給，歸功于；贊頌”；B選項assure“保證；擔(dān)保；使確信；弄清楚”；C選項certify“證明；保證”；D選項access“接近，使用；訪問，存取（電腦文檔）”。句意：有時，如果銀行經(jīng)理的職員對支票不確定，就要求他本人證明支票。結(jié)合此處語境，C選項正確。

11.單選題

McDonald’s,Greggs,KFCandSubwayaretodaynamedasthemostlitteredbrandsinEnglandasKeepBritainTidycalledonfast-foodcompaniestodomoretotacklecustomerswhodroptheirwrappersanddrinkscartons(盒子)inthestreets.

PhilBarton,chiefexecutiveofKeepBritainTidy,1itsnewDirtyPigcampaign,saiditwasthefirsttimeithadinvestigatedwhichbrandsmadeup“l(fā)itteredEngland”andthesamenamesappearedagainandagain.“Wecondemnpeoplefordroppingthisfastfoodlitterinthefirstplacebutalsobelievetheresultshave2messagesforthefastfoodindustry.McDonald’s,Greggs,KFCandSubwayneedtodomoreto3litteringbytheircustomers.”

HerecognizedeffortsmadebyMcDonald’s,includingplacinglitterbinsandincreasinglitterpatrols,butitslitter4“alltooprevalent”.Allfastfoodchainsshouldreduceunnecessarypackaging,headdeD.Companiescouldalsoreducepricesforthosewhostayedtoeatfoodontheirpremises,offermoney-offvouchersorother5forthosewhoreturnedpackagingandputmorebinsat6pointsinlocalstreets,notjustoutsidetheirpremises.AspokesmanforMcDonald’ssaid:“Wedoourbest.Obviouslyweaskallourcustomersto7oflitterresponsibly.”Trialsofmoreextensive,all-daylitterpatrolswereunder8inManchesterandBirmingham.KFCsaidittookits9forlittermanagement“veryseriously”,andwouldintroduceaprogramtoreducepackagingonmanyproducts.Subwaysaidthatitworkedhardto10theimpactoflitteroncommunities,butitwas“stilldowntotheindividualcustomertodisposeoftheirlitterresponsibly”.Greggssaiditrecognizedthe“continuingchallengeforusall”,despitehavingalreadytakenmeasurestohelptackletheissue.

問題1選項

A.releasing

B.discharging

C.founding

D.launching

問題2選項

A.coherent

B.pertinent

C.consistent

D.redundant

問題3選項

A.discourage

B.forbid

C.persuade

D.damage

問題4選項

A.continued

B.indicate

C.remained

D.left

問題5選項

A.incentive

B.premises

C.stimulus

D.proximity

問題6選項

A.convenient

B.strategic

C.near

D.eye-catching

問題7選項

A.propose

B.dissolve

C.handle

D.dispose

問題8選項

A.way

B.construction

C.pressure

D.government

問題9選項

A.shoulder

B.burden

C.turn

D.responsibility

問題10選項

A.resolve

B.dissolve

C.minimize

D.dilute

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:D

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:C

【解析】1.考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項release“釋放；放出；放走；放開；松開；使自由移動（或飛翔、降落等）；發(fā)泄；宣泄”；B選項discharge“卸貨；排出”；C選項found“創(chuàng)辦（組織）；建立（國家）；以……為基礎(chǔ)；熔化”；D選項launching“發(fā)射；發(fā)動；開始從事”。根據(jù)上下文，以及關(guān)鍵字newDirtyPigcampaign“新的臟豬運動”判斷出此處表達(dá)“發(fā)起……運動”，D選項正確。

2.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項coherent“連貫的，一致的；明了的；清晰的”；B選項pertinent“相關(guān)的，相干的；中肯的；切題的”；C選項consistent“始終如一的，一致的；堅持的”；D選項redundant“多余的，過剩的；被解雇的，失業(yè)的；冗長的，累贅的”。根據(jù)上下文，以及關(guān)鍵字forthefastfoodindustry“快餐業(yè)”判斷出此處表達(dá)“和……有關(guān)的”，B選項正確。

3.考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項discourage“阻止；使氣餒”；B選項forbid“禁止；不準(zhǔn)；不允許；〈正式〉嚴(yán)禁”；C選項persuade“說服，勸說；使某人相信；勸某人做（不做）某事”；D選項damage“損害，毀壞”。根據(jù)上下文，以及關(guān)鍵字litteringbytheircustomers“阻止顧客亂扔垃圾”判斷出此處表達(dá)“阻止”，A選項正確。

4.考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項continued“繼續(xù)，延續(xù)；仍舊，連續(xù)”；B選項indicate“表明；指出；預(yù)示；象征”；C選項remain“保持；依然；留下；剩余；逗留；殘存”；D選項leave“離開”。根據(jù)上文“HerecognizedeffortsmadebyMcDonald’s,includingplacinglitterbinsandincreasinglitterpatrols”，中文翻譯為：他肯定了麥當(dāng)勞所做的努力，包括設(shè)立垃圾箱和增加垃圾巡邏。以及空格后“alltooprevalent”，中文翻譯為“太普遍了”判斷出此處C選項正確。

5.考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項incentive“動機(jī)；刺激；鼓勵”；B選項premise“前提；經(jīng)營場址；房屋；契約前言”；C選項stimulus“刺激；激勵；刺激物”；D選項proximity“接近，[數(shù)]鄰近；接近；接近度，距離；親近”。根據(jù)上文“offermoney-offvouchers”，中文翻譯為：提供折價券，判斷出A選項正確。

6.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項convenient“方便的；近便的；實用的”；B選項strategic“戰(zhàn)略上的，戰(zhàn)略的”；C選項near“近的，靠近的；接近的；近似的；不久的；近親的；小氣的”；D選項eye-catching“引人注目的；耀眼的；顯著的”?？崭裉帯皃utmorebinsat…pointsinlocalstreets,notjustoutsidetheirpremises”，中文大意為：在當(dāng)?shù)亟值郎系摹c（而不僅僅是店外）放置更多垃圾箱?？芍狟選項正確。

7.考查固定搭配。A選項propose“建議；打算，計劃；求婚”；B選項dissolve“溶解；解散；消失”；C選項handle“處理，應(yīng)付（局勢、人、工作或感情）；（用手）觸，拿，搬動；控制，操縱（車輛、動物、工具等）”；D選項dispose“處理；處置；安排；使傾向于”。根據(jù)上下文，以及固定搭配disposeof“丟掉，清除”可知D選項正確。

8.考查固定搭配。A選項way“方法；道路；方向；行業(yè)；習(xí)慣”；B選項construction“建設(shè)；建筑物；解釋；造句”；C選項pressure“壓力；壓迫，[物]壓強(qiáng)”；D選項government“政府；政體；管轄”。underway“進(jìn)行著；航行中”，A選項正確。

9.考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項shoulder“肩，肩膀；肩部”；B選項burden“負(fù)擔(dān)；責(zé)任；船的載貨量”；C選項turn“轉(zhuǎn)彎；變化；（損害或有益于別人的）行為，舉動，舉止”；D選項responsibility“責(zé)任，職責(zé)；義務(wù)”。聯(lián)系下文“andwouldintroduceaprogramtoreducepackagingonmanyproducts”，以及固定搭配takeresponsibilityfor對……負(fù)責(zé)，可知D選項正確。

10.考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項resolve“決定；溶解；使……分解；決心要做……”；B選項dissolve“使溶解；使分解；使液化”；C選項minimize“使減到最少；小看，極度輕視”；D選項dilute“稀釋，沖淡；削弱；變稀薄，變淡”。根據(jù)下文“theimpactoflitteroncommunities”可知C選項正確。

12.單選題

TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftherenewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughoutEurope.ScholarsandartistsofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearningandidealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohumanasopposedtospiritual-values.Fulfillmentinlife—asopposedtoconcernaboutanafterlife—becameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingthepleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.

Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed,experienced,discussed,anddisseminateD.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonuments,sculptures,plays,andpoemsthatwerebeingrediscovered,buttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusic—althoughtheycouldreadthewritingsofclassicalphilosophers,poets,essayists,andmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandliterature.

ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf-thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.WhatdoestheauthormeanbyusingthewordeventuallyinPara.1?

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthinkersoftheRenaissancewereseekingarebirthof___.

4.Accordingtothepassage,RenaissanceartistsandwritershadallofthefollowingintentionsEXCEPT___.

5.WhichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasareasonfortheabsenceofasingleRenaissancemusicalstyle?

問題1選項

A.ThemusicalcompositionsthatbestillustratethedevelopmentsduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

B.ThemusicaltechniquesthatwereinuseduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

C.TheEuropeanRenaissanceasaculturaldevelopmentthatincludedchangesinmusicalstyle

D.TheancientGreekandRomanmusicalpracticesusedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

問題2選項

A.Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”aftertheotherhistoriansdid

B.Thatmostmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”

C.Theterm“Renaissance”becamewidelyusedbyarthistoriansbutnotbymusichistorians

D.Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”verydifferentlythanithadbeenusedbyJulesMichelet

問題3選項

A.communicationamongartistsacrossEurope

B.spiritualityineverydaylife

C.aculturalemphasisonhumanvalues

D.religiousthemesinartthatwouldaccompanythetraditionalsecularthemes

問題4選項

A.tousereligiousthemes

B.toportrayonlythepleasantpartsofhumanexperience

C.toproduceartthatpeoplewouldfindattractive

D.tocreateworksthatwereeasilyunderstood

問題5選項

A.ThemusicalRenaissancewasdefinedbytechniqueratherthanstyle

B.ThemusicalRenaissancewastooshorttogiverisetoanewmusicalstyle

C.RenaissancemusiciansadoptedthestylesofbothGreekandRomanmusicians

D.DuringtheRenaissance,musicneverremainedthesameforverylong

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)題干，通讀全文，以及定位到文章尾段第一句“ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.”，中文翻譯為：歐洲音樂復(fù)興與其說是一套特定的音樂技巧，不如說是一場普遍的文化運動和一種精神狀態(tài)。可以判斷C選項“歐洲文藝復(fù)興是一種包括音樂風(fēng)格變化在內(nèi)的文化發(fā)展。”正確。

2.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵字“eventually”可以定位到原文第一段“Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.”，中文翻譯為：1855年，歷史學(xué)家朱爾斯?米歇萊(JulesMichelet)在他的《法國歷史》中首次使用了這個詞，隨后被文化歷史學(xué)家、藝術(shù)歷史學(xué)家和音樂歷史學(xué)家采用，所有這些歷史學(xué)家都在1450-1600年的150年間將其應(yīng)用于歐洲文化。關(guān)鍵詞“eventually”意為“最后；終于”因此可知A選項：音樂歷史學(xué)家在其他歷史學(xué)家之后才使用“文藝復(fù)興”這個詞正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“thatthinkersoftheRenaissance”可定位到原文第一段“Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohumanasopposedtospiritual-values.”，中文翻譯為：對這些學(xué)者來說，這意味著回歸人類，而不是靈魂價值。判斷C選項“對人類價值的文化強(qiáng)調(diào)”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。A選項“使用宗教主題”，C選項“創(chuàng)作出人們會覺得有吸引力的藝術(shù)作品”以及D選項“創(chuàng)作容易理解的作品”可定位到原文第二段“Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.”，中文翻譯為：藝術(shù)家和作家現(xiàn)在轉(zhuǎn)向世俗和宗教題材，力求使他們的作品易于理解和吸引人?？芍狟選項“只描繪人類經(jīng)歷中令人愉快的部分”未提及，符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到原文尾段“Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf-thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.”，中文翻譯為：此外，音樂在這一個半世紀(jì)里變化如此之快，盡管在不同的國家以不同的速度變化——我們不能定義一個單一的文藝復(fù)興風(fēng)格。判斷出D選項“在文藝復(fù)興時期，音樂從未長時間保持不變。”正確。

13.單選題

Congressdelegateswaited___forthecongratulatorytelegramfromMoscowwhenthenewpartywasformed.

問題1選項

A.interms

B.inthelongrun

C.inview

D.invain

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組。A選項interms“明確地；毫不含糊地；焦急地”；B選項inthelongrun“長遠(yuǎn)；終究”；C選項inview“在視野范圍內(nèi)；在考慮中的；作為目標(biāo)”；D選項invain“徒然；無效”。句意：當(dāng)新政黨成立時，國會代表們焦急地等待來自莫斯科的賀電。結(jié)合句意，判斷出選項A為正確答案。

14.寫作題

Inmanycountrieschildrenareengagedinsomekindofpaidwork.Somepeopleregardthisascompletelywrong,whileothersconsideritasvaluableworkexperience,importantforlearningandtakingresponsibility.Whatareyouropinionsonthis?Writeapassageonthetopicinabout200words.YoumustwriteclearlyandlogicallyonyourAnswerSheet.

【答案】略。

15.單選題

Theacidrainattackstheleavesand_____theirwaxycoating.

問題1選項

A.resolves

B.unsolved

C.dissolves

D.shoves

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項resolves“決定；決心要做”；B選項unsolved“未解決的；未解答的”；C選項dissolves“溶解；分解”；D選項shoves“擠；強(qiáng)使；撞；猛推”。句意：酸雨會侵蝕樹葉，……它們的蠟涂層。根據(jù)attackstheleaves（侵蝕樹葉）可推測acidrain（酸雨）的危害極大，A選項resolves（決定）不符合題意，B選項unsolved（未解決的）可排除，D選項shoves（擠）不符合題意，可排除，結(jié)合此處語境，C選項正確。

16.單選題

ThedestructionoftheEarth’sozonelayer,forexample,couldcontributetothegeneralprocessofimpoverishmentbyallowingultravioletraystoharmplantsandanimals.

問題1選項

A.sufficient

B.improvement

C.prosperity

D.poverty

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項sufficient“足夠的；充分的”；B選項improvement“改進(jìn)，改善；提高”；C選項prosperity“繁榮，成功”；D選項poverty“貧困；困難；缺少；低劣”。句意：例如，地球臭氧層的破壞會使紫外線傷害動植物，從而加劇貧困化的進(jìn)程。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞impoverishment“貧窮；致使貧乏或貧瘠之事物；窮困化狀況”，得知D選項正確。

17.單選題

Inresponsetothesignals,therobotarmsmakescribblesonwhitecanvaswiththreecoloredmarkersattachedtotheendofthearms.

問題1選項

A.images

B.scripts

C.scratches

D.characters

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項images“圖像；影像；肖像”；B選項scripts“原稿”；C選項scratches“刮傷；刮花”；D選項characters“特性；人物角色”。句意：作為對信號的回應(yīng)，機(jī)器人手臂會在白色畫布上涂鴉，手臂末端有三個彩色標(biāo)記。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞markers“記號”，得知B選項正確。

18.單選題

Comicartcanbe,andoftenis,deadlyserious,atwhichpointitis___difficulttocategorizeit.

問題1選項

A.awfully

B.indicatively

C.crucially

D.ultimately

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項awfully“可怕地；十分；非常；很”；B選項indicatively“指示地，表示地；象征地；陳述地”；C選項crucially“關(guān)鍵地；至關(guān)重要地”；D選項ultimately“最后；根本；基本上”。句意：喜劇藝術(shù)可以是，而且往往是極度的嚴(yán)肅，在這一點上很難對它進(jìn)行分類。結(jié)合此處語境，A為正確答案。

19.單選題

In___timeshumanbeingsdidnottravelforpleasurebuttofindamorefavorableclimate.

問題1選項

A.prime

B.primitive

C.primary

D.preliminary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項prime“主要的；最好的；基本的”；B選項primitive“原始的，遠(yuǎn)古的；簡單的，粗糙的”；C選項primary“主要的；初級的；基本的”；D選項preliminary“初步的；開始的；預(yù)備的”。句意：在原始時代，人類旅行不是為了娛樂，而是為了尋找更適宜的氣候。因此B選項正確。

20.單選題

Sincethe1950s,conservationefforts—includingstricterhuntingrulesandmeasuresliketrappingthebirdsandthenreleasingthemintohealthyforests—helpedrestorewildturkeypopulations.

問題1選項

A.protection

B.conspiracy

C.compensation

D.destruction

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項protection“保護(hù)；防衛(wèi)；護(hù)照”；B選項conspiracy“陰謀；共謀”；C選項compensation“補(bǔ)償；報酬；賠償金”；D選項destruction“破壞，毀滅；摧毀”。句意：自20世紀(jì)50年代以來，保護(hù)措施——包括更嚴(yán)格的狩獵規(guī)則和誘捕火雞然后將它們放歸健康的森林等措施——幫助了野生火雞數(shù)量的恢復(fù)。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵短語helpedrestorewildturkeypopulations（幫助恢復(fù)了野生火雞的數(shù)量），可排除B、D選項，C選項不符合題意，也可排除，得知A選項正確。

21.寫作題

Inrecentyears,moreandmoreuniversitygraduatesgobacktotheirhometownintheruralareasandworkthereasteachersorvillagePartysecretaries,etC.afterobtainingtheirbachelorormasterdegrees.Somepeoplesaywhattheydogoesagainstconvention.Otherssaytheruralareasaredesperatelyinneedofskilledadministrators.Thenshoulduniversitygraduatesgotoworkinaruralarea?What’syouropinionaboutthisphenomenon?WriteapassageonthetopicIsUniversityGraduates’GoingtoWorkinaRuralAreaaWasteofTalent?inabout200words.YoumustwriteclearlyandlogicallyonyourAnswerSheet.（寫在試題冊上無效。）

IsUniversityGraduates’GoingtoWorkinaRuralAreaAWasteofTalent?

【答案】略。

22.單選題

Theauthoritiesclaimthattherateofcrimeisdeclining,butstatisticsshow______.

問題1選項

A.clockwise

B.otherwise

C.elsewhere

D.likewise

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項clockwise“順時針方向地”；B選項otherwise“另外，否則”；C選項elsewhere“在別處；到別處”；D選項likewise“同樣地；也”。句意：當(dāng)局聲稱犯罪率正在下降，但數(shù)據(jù)卻沒顯示……。根據(jù)but可知，句型表示轉(zhuǎn)折，只有選項B表示轉(zhuǎn)折，因此B選項符合題意。

23.單選題

Thereareactuallymanyconvincingreasonstousenaturalproducts,eventheregularhealthproductsarefilledwithchemicals.Allofthoseexcessivechemicalsdoalotharmtoyourbody.

問題1選項

A.persuasive

B.confident

C.obedient

D.concrete

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項persuasive“有說服力的；勸誘的，勸說的”；B選項confident“自信的；確信的”；C選項obedient“順從的，服從的；孝順的”；D選項concrete“混凝土的；實在的，具體的；有形的”。句意：事實上，使用天然產(chǎn)品有很多令人信服的理由，即使是普通的保健品也充滿了化學(xué)物質(zhì)。所有這些過量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)都對你的身體有害。。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞convincing“令人信服的；有說服力的”，得知A選項正確。

24.單選題

ArewegoingtoseeanendtotheArab-Israelidisagreement?

問題1選項

A.disaster

B.controversy

C.confrontation

D.aggression

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項disaster“災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍；不幸”；B選項controversy“辯論”；C選項confrontation“對抗；對峙”；D選項aggression“侵略；侵犯；侵害”。句意：我們會看到阿拉伯和以色列的分歧結(jié)束嗎。A選項disaster（災(zāi)難）不能形容兩個國家的分歧。B選項controversy（辯論），可以排除。D選項aggression（侵犯），這里并沒有體現(xiàn)兩個國家的侵略。C選項confrontation（對峙）最符合題意，由此得知C選項正確。

25.單選題

AirattacksinAfghanistanarefocusedonairportsandtrainingcampstoavoidcivilian______.

問題1選項

A.involvement

B.rebellion

C.casualties

D.anguish

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項involvement“參與；牽連；包含；混亂；財政困難”；B選項rebellion“叛亂；反抗；謀反”；C選項casualties“傷亡；人員傷亡”；D選項anguish“痛苦；苦惱”。句意：阿富汗的空襲主要集中在機(jī)場和訓(xùn)練營，以避免平民的……?？赏茰y為了不使平民受到傷亡，所以阿富汗的空襲主要集中在機(jī)場和訓(xùn)練營。結(jié)合此處語境，C選項正確。

26.單選題

Ican’t___whathashappenedtothevegetables,fortheywerefreshlypickedthismorning.

問題1選項

A.figureout

B.drawout

C.lookout

D.workout

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組。A選項figureout“了解，弄清楚”；B選項drawout“拉長”；C選項lookout“留神，小心”；D選項workout“解決出，算出”。句意：我不知道這些蔬菜怎么了，因為它們是今天早上剛摘的。結(jié)合句意，A選項正確。

27.單選題

Themanhadeithertoleavethecountryimmediatelyortosurrenderhimselftotheenemyandhadnootherchoice.

問題1選項

A.alternative

B.hope

C.resource

D.approach

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項alternative“二中選一；供替代的選擇”；B選項hope“希望”；C選項resource“資源”；D選項approach“方式”。句意：這個人要么立即離開這個國家，要么向敵人投降，結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵短語leavethecountry（離開這個國家）以及surrenderhimselftotheenemy（向敵人投降），可推測他是在兩者之間進(jìn)行選擇，由此得知A選項正確。

28.寫作題

Wearepayingmoreattentiontothevulnerable(weak)groupsofpeopleinoursociety,suchasthedisabled,thesickelderly,thedivorcedmothers,andchildrenwithrural-workerparentsinbigcities,andetC.Whatisyourattitudetowardsthem?Pleasegiveyouropinion.Youmayfocusonaparticulargrouporthevulnerableasawholegroup.Writeapassageabout200words.Youmustshowyourclearpointofviewwithsufficientsupportingpoints.Youshouldhaveyourowntitle.

【答案】略

29.單選題

SpecialistMusicSchoolsHowtocopewithachildwhoshowsoutstandingmusicalability?It'snotalwaysclearhowbesttodevelopandencouragetheirgift.Manyparentsmayevenfailtorecognizeandrespondtotheirchild'sneeduntilfrustrationexplodesintodifficultoruncooperativebehavior.Andwhilemostschoolsareequippedtodealwithchildrenwhoareespeciallyableinacademicsubjects,themusicallygiftedrequirespecialunderstandingwhichmaynotalwaysbeavailableinanordinaryschoolespeciallyonewheremusicisregarded