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住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-湖南師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)(圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Language,cultureandpersonalitymaybeconsidered()ofeachotherinthought,buttheyareinseparableinfact.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indistinctly

B.indefinitely

C.irrelevantly

D.independently

【答案】D

【解析】indistinctly朦朧地;indefinitely無(wú)限地,不明確地;irrelevantly不相干地;independently獨(dú)立地。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)填入與inseparable相反的詞,選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

2.單選題

Whatyousaynowisnot()withwhatyousaidlastweek.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistent

B.persistent

C.permanent

D.insistent

【答案】A

【解析】consistent一致的;persistent固執(zhí)的;permanent永久的,不變的;insistent堅(jiān)持的。句意:你現(xiàn)在所說(shuō)的與你上星期所說(shuō)的不一致。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

3.單選題

YouandIagreetomeetatfour-thirty,Ishowupat4:33.Idon’tsayanything,becausethat’scloseenoughtosatisfyoursocialcontract.Onlyafterfiveminutesdoyouexpectmetosay,“Sorry,I’mlate.”AttenminutesIoweyouanexplanation,“Thefreewayexitwasclosed.Ihadtogofourmilesoutofmyway.”AftertwentyminutesIhavetomakeafullandseriousapology.AfterfortyminutesI’dbetternotshowupatall.

Thatsortofthing—formallyobservedandneverexplicitlystated—drivespeoplefromotherculturescrazy.Anthropologistslistthetoughestthingstocopewithinaforeignland.Secondonlytolanguageisthewaywedealwithtime.

Nowpsychologistslookatourviewoftimeanotherway.Theygointoseveralcountriesandmeasurethepaceoflife.Theymeasuretheaccuracyofbankclocksandhowfastcitydwellerswalk.Theytimetransactionsinbanksandpostoffices.Theyseehowlongpeoplelaketoanswerquestions.

Japanesekeepthefastestpace.Americansareaclosesecond.ItaliansandIndonesiansareatthebottomofthelist.Italiansgivelonganswerstoyourquestions.Indonesiansdon’tgiveafigaboutstingtheirbankclocks.AmongAmericancities,BostonandKansasCityarefastest.NewYorkisupthere,ofcourse,butwekeepafasterpacehereinHouston.California’s“l(fā)aidback”reputationisdeserved.TheslowestpaceofalliskeptinLosAngeles.

Finally,welookatheartdisease.That’stricky,becauseotherfactorsareinvolved.Ourheart’sgreatestenemyistobacco.Butheartdiseasealsocorrelateswiththepacewekeep.Smokerswhodrivethemselvesarereallyaskingforit.

Nowit’s4:55.I’mstrolling,unhurriedtowardour4:30meeting.I’mthinkingsomethingaboutIsaacWatts,theEnglishpoet,wrote:

Time,whatanemptyvapouritis;

Anddayshowswifttheyare!

SwiftasanIndianarrowflies,

Orlikeashootingstar.

Thattensionsoaksthroughourviewoftime.Canweseetimeasanemptyvapor?Ordoourtechnologiesdefinetimeandbindustoin?Inatechnology-denseworld,wetoooftenlettimeturnintoanIndianarrow—oneaimedatourheart.

Sotheclockticks,andweask:Istimeanarrowwemustdodgeorvaporwecanignore?Ifwe’resmart,welivebytheclockonlywhenwehaveto.Otherwise,wesitbackandplay.Weknowhowtolettinebeonlyvapor,afterall.

1.InAmericayouhavetoapologizesincerelyifyouare________.

2.Weknowfromthepassagethat________.

3.IntheUnitedStates,thepaceoflifeisquiterelaxedin________.

4.Whichsentencecorrectlyrestates“Smokerswhodrivethemselvesarereallyrallyaskingforit”?

5.Whattheauthorwantstotellusisthat________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.5minuteslate

B.20minuteslate

C.40minuteslate

D.10minuteslate

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Indonesiansdonotmeasuretheaccuracyofbankclocks

B.Japanesekeepafairlyfastpace

C.thepaceoflifeinAmericaisthefastest

D.Italianslaketheirtimeindoingthings

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.California

B.Houston

C.LosAngeles

D.NewYork

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Smokersshouldnotdrivecarsbecausetheygetintoaccidentseasily.

B.Smokerswhohaveheartdiseaseshouldnotdrivethemselves.

C.Smokerswhoworktoohardwillsoonfindthemselvesdownwithhearttrouble.

D.Smokerswhodrivetheirowncarsarereallyaskingfortrouble.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.peoplewithhearttroubleshouldnotsmoke

B.timeisdangerousinthatitislikeanarrowaimedatourhearts

C.livingbytheclockinourtechnology-denseworldcouldbefatal

D.weshouldavoidhavingeverymomentofourliferuledbytheclock

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段AftertwentyminutesIhavetomakeafullandseriousapology.AfterfortyminutesI’dbetternotshowupatall.(在遲到20分鐘后,我必須真誠(chéng)道歉。在遲到40分鐘后,我最好不露面。),所以B選項(xiàng)“遲到20分鐘”正確。A選項(xiàng)“遲到5分鐘”對(duì)應(yīng)文章第一段,此處提到在遲到五分鐘后,我應(yīng)該說(shuō)“對(duì)不起,我來(lái)遲了”,與題干不符,屬于出處錯(cuò)位;C選項(xiàng)“遲到40分鐘”對(duì)應(yīng)第二段“遲到40分鐘后,我最好不露面”,與題干意思不符,屬于出處錯(cuò)位;D選項(xiàng)“遲到10分鐘”對(duì)應(yīng)第二段“在遲到10分鐘后,我欠你一個(gè)解釋”,與題干意思不符,屬于出處錯(cuò)位。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段Japanesekeepthefastestpace.Americansareaclosesecond.ItaliansandIndonesiansareatthebottomofthelist.Italiansgivelonganswerstoyourquestions.Indonesiansdon’tgiveafigaboutsettingtheirbankclocks.(日本人回答問(wèn)題的速度最快。美國(guó)人緊隨其后。意大利人和印尼人排在最后。意大利人對(duì)你的問(wèn)題回答很長(zhǎng)。印尼人對(duì)設(shè)置銀行時(shí)鐘毫不在意。),由日本人回答問(wèn)題的速度可推斷出日本人的生活節(jié)奏很快,所以B選項(xiàng)“日本人的節(jié)奏相當(dāng)快”正確。A選項(xiàng)“印度尼西亞人不會(huì)測(cè)量銀行時(shí)鐘的準(zhǔn)確性”說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤,此處只提到印度尼西亞人對(duì)銀行設(shè)置的時(shí)鐘不理會(huì),并沒(méi)有提到時(shí)鐘的準(zhǔn)確性測(cè)量,屬于曲解原文;C選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)的生活節(jié)奏是最快的”說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤,此處說(shuō)到日本的生活節(jié)奏最快,美國(guó)第二,屬于反向干擾;D選項(xiàng)“意大利人做事很費(fèi)時(shí)”說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤,此處只提到意大利人在銀行回答問(wèn)題的答案很長(zhǎng),并不意味著他們做所有的事情都費(fèi)時(shí),屬于曲解原文。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段AmongAmericancities,BostonandKansasCityarefastest.NewYorkisupthere,ofcourse,butwekeepafasterpacehereinHouston.California’s“l(fā)aid-back”reputationisdeserved.TheslowestpaceofalliskeptinLosAngeles.(在美國(guó)城市中,波士頓和堪薩斯城的生活節(jié)奏是最快的。當(dāng)然,紐約在這方面一直領(lǐng)先,但休斯敦的節(jié)奏比紐約更快。加利福利亞“悠閑”的名聲當(dāng)之無(wú)愧。最慢的是洛杉磯。),由此可知洛杉磯是美國(guó)生活節(jié)奏最輕松的,所以C選項(xiàng)“洛杉磯”正確。A選項(xiàng)“加利福利亞”,雖然此處提到了加利福利亞的生活很輕松,但不是最輕松的,故不選,屬于出處錯(cuò)位;B選項(xiàng)“休斯頓”,此處說(shuō)到紐約的生活節(jié)奏一直很快,休斯頓比紐約更快一點(diǎn),而題干中問(wèn)的是生活最輕松的地方,故B選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng)“紐約”都不選,屬于反向干擾。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第五段Finally,welookatheartdisease.That’stricky,becauseotherfactorsareinvolved.Ourheart’sgreatestenemyistobacco.Butheartdiseasealsocorrelateswiththepacewekeep.Smokerswhodrivethemselvesarereallyaskingforit.(最后,我們來(lái)看看心臟病。這很棘手,因?yàn)檫€涉及到其他因素。我們心中最大的敵人是煙草。但心臟病也與我們保持的節(jié)奏有關(guān)。自己開(kāi)車的吸煙者真的是自找麻煩),由此可推斷出患有心臟病的吸煙者不應(yīng)該自己開(kāi)車,所以B選項(xiàng)“患有心臟病的吸煙者不應(yīng)該自己開(kāi)車”正確。A選項(xiàng)“吸煙者不應(yīng)該開(kāi)車,因?yàn)樗麄兒苋菀壮鍪鹿省焙虳選項(xiàng)“自己開(kāi)車的煙民真是自找麻煩”此處都有提到,但是吸煙者開(kāi)車并不會(huì)有什么危險(xiǎn),除非他患有心臟病,A、D選項(xiàng)都沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn),屬于曲解原文;C選項(xiàng)“努力工作的吸煙者很快就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己患有心臟病”文章并沒(méi)有明確提到,屬于無(wú)中生有。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后兩段尤其最后一段的第二句Ifwe’resmart,welivebytheclockonlywhenwehaveto.(如果我們夠聰明,我們只會(huì)在必要的時(shí)候按時(shí)間行事。),結(jié)合文章可知作者把時(shí)間比喻成蒸汽和指向我們心臟的利箭,但其實(shí)患心臟病也與生活節(jié)奏有關(guān),所以可以推斷作者認(rèn)為生活節(jié)奏快對(duì)身體健康是不利的,我們的生活不應(yīng)該完全受時(shí)間掌控,所以D選項(xiàng)“我們應(yīng)該避免讓時(shí)鐘主宰我們生活的每一刻”正確。A選項(xiàng)“患有心臟病的人不應(yīng)該吸煙”對(duì)應(yīng)文章五段,文章只在該段提到了吸煙對(duì)心臟病有消極作用,但作者還提到了生活節(jié)奏太快也會(huì)導(dǎo)致心臟病發(fā)作,且全文都與生活節(jié)奏相關(guān),所以A選項(xiàng)不足以概括作者的意圖,屬于以偏概全;B選項(xiàng)“時(shí)間是危險(xiǎn)的,因?yàn)樗拖褚恢е赶蛭覀冃撵`的箭”對(duì)應(yīng)文章倒數(shù)第二段,此處提到我們的技術(shù)定義了我們對(duì)時(shí)間的看法,它可以是一把利箭,我們也可以把它當(dāng)蒸汽,這都取決于人們自己的選擇,屬于以偏概全;C選項(xiàng)“在我們這個(gè)技術(shù)密集的世界里,按時(shí)鐘生活可能是致命的”對(duì)應(yīng)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句,雖然該選項(xiàng)說(shuō)法無(wú)誤,但是不足以概括作者的意圖,屬于以偏概全。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Whyshouldanyonewanttoread()ofbooksbygreatauthorswhentherealpleasurecomesfromreadingtheoriginals?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.digests

B.themes

C.leaflets

D.insights

【答案】A

【解析】句意:當(dāng)真正的樂(lè)趣來(lái)自于閱讀原著時(shí),為什么有人想要閱讀偉大作家的作品摘要呢?選項(xiàng)A更符合語(yǔ)境。

5.單選題

Hetoldusalotofjokesandhadus______allthroughthemeal.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.laughing

B.laugh

C.laughed

D.tolaugh

【答案】A

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:他給我們講了好多笑話,讓我們?cè)诔燥埖臅r(shí)候笑個(gè)不停。A選項(xiàng)havesb./sth.doing“讓某人做某事,讓某情況發(fā)生”,含有動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行之意,haduslaughing“讓我們笑”;B選項(xiàng)havesb.do“請(qǐng)/派別人完成某事;經(jīng)歷某種不幸”;C選項(xiàng)havesth.done“請(qǐng)/派別人完成某事;完成某事(可能參與);遭受某種不幸”;D選項(xiàng)havesth.todo“有某事要完成”。這里指的是笑話讓我們一直笑,有強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)的含義,A選項(xiàng)laughing符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Theprisoner()ameansofescapefromprison.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contrived

B.conspired

C.intrigued

D.plotted

【答案】D

【解析】contrive設(shè)計(jì),謀劃;conspire共謀,協(xié)力;intrigue用詭計(jì)取得;plot密謀。選項(xiàng)A強(qiáng)調(diào)設(shè)法得到;選項(xiàng)B強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)人合作;選項(xiàng)C強(qiáng)調(diào)用詭計(jì)取得;選項(xiàng)D強(qiáng)調(diào)秘密的籌劃。所以選項(xiàng)D更符合語(yǔ)境。

7.單選題

______totellusthattheinterestoftheindividualshouldbesubordinatetothatofthecollective?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Wereyouused

B.Areyouused

C.Didyouuse

D.Doyouused

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定句型。句意:你不是經(jīng)常告訴我們個(gè)人的利益應(yīng)該從屬于集體的利益嗎?sb.usedtodo“某人過(guò)去常常做某事”,其一般疑問(wèn)句為didsb.usetodo;sb.beusedto(doing)sth.“習(xí)慣于(做)某事”,其一般疑問(wèn)句為be動(dòng)詞提前;beusedtodosth.“被用來(lái)做某事”。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境,這里指的是過(guò)去常常告訴我們某事,C選項(xiàng)Didyouuse符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Inhisfifties,Dr.Brownbecamedirectorofthechemicalcompany,apositionhe()fortherestofhislife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attained

B.cherished

C.expanded

D.retained

【答案】D

【解析】attain達(dá)到,實(shí)現(xiàn);cherish珍愛(ài);expand擴(kuò)大;retain保持。句意:50歲時(shí),Brown博士成為這家化學(xué)公司的董事,他在這個(gè)職位上呆了一輩子。只有選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

9.單選題

Heistheonlypersonwhocan()inthiscasebecausetheotherwitnesseswerekilledmysteriously.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.testify

B.charge

C.accuse

D.rectify

【答案】A

【解析】testify作證;charge負(fù)責(zé);accuse指控;rectify改正。句意:句意:他是唯一能為這個(gè)案件作證的人,因?yàn)槠渌C人都被神秘殺害了。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

10.單選題

Whyaremobilessopopular?Becausepeoplelovetotalktoeachother.Anditiseasierwithamobilephone.IncountrieslikeRussiaandChina,peopleusetilemobilephoneinplaceswherethereisnoordinarytelephone.Businesspeople,usemobileswhenthey’retraveling.Insomecountries,likeJapan,manypeopleusetheirmobilephonestosende-mailmessageandaccesstheInternet.Theyuseanewkindofmobilephonecalled“i-mode”.Youcanevenuseamobilephonetolistentomusic.

Mobilephonesareveryfashionablewithteenagers.Parentsbuymobilephonesfortheirchildren.Theycancallbornehomeiftheyareintroubleandneedhelp.Sotheyfeelsafer.Butteenagersmostlyusethemtokeepintouchwiththeirfriendsorplaysimplecomputergames.It’scooltobetheownerofasmallexpensivemobile.Researchshowsthatteenageownersofmobilephonessmokeless.Parentsandschoolsarehappythatteenagersaresaferandsmokeless.

Butmanypeopledislikethem.Theyhateitwhenthebusinessmanoppositethemonthetrainhasaloudconversationonhisphone.Orwhenthemobilephoneringsinacafeorrestaurant.Butthereisamuchmoreseriousproblem.It’spossiblethatthemobilephonecanheatupthebrainbecauseweholdthephonesoclosetoourhead.Scientistsfearthatmobilescanperhapsbebadforyourmemoryandevengiveyoucancer.

1.Mobilesarepopularamongpeoplebecause________.

2.ItisstatedinthepassagethatinRussiaandChina________.

3.Parentsbuymobilephonesfortheirchildrenbecause________.

4.Whycanmobilephonesbeamuchmoreseriousproblem?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitletileofthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theythinkmobilesarefun

B.theybelievemobilesaresafe

C.theylovetolistentomusic

D.theyfeeliteasiertotalktoeachother

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.ordinarytelephoneserviceisavailableeverywhere

B.peopleprefermobilephonestoordinarytelephones

C.mobilesareusedinplaceswithoutordinarytelephones

D.peopleusemobilestosende-mailsandaccesstheinternet

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.mobilephonesareveryfashionablewithteenagers

B.theycancallhomeiftheyareintroubleandneedhelp

C.theycanusemobilestoplaysimplecomputergames

D.mobilephonesenableteenagerstogiveupsmoking

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becausepeoplehatethebusinessmenusingmobilesinpublicplaces.

B.Becausepeoplefeeltheirprivacyunprotectedinacafeorrestaurant.

C.Becausethereisstrongevidencefortheproblemsofmobiles.

D.Becausetheuseofmobilephonescanbephysicallyharmful.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.WhyAreMobilesSoPopular?

B.Mobiles-UsefulorUseless?

C.Mobiles-ADangertoHealth?

D.WhyDoWeDesignMobiles?

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可定位到文章第一段開(kāi)頭Whyaremobilessopopular?Becausepeoplelovetotalktoeachother.Anditiseasierwithamobilephone.(為什么手機(jī)如此受歡迎?因?yàn)槿藗兿矚g互相交談。而且用手機(jī)就容易多了。),由此可知手機(jī)受歡迎的原因是手機(jī)會(huì)讓人們的交談變得更容易,所以D選項(xiàng)“人們覺(jué)得交談變得更容易”正確。A選項(xiàng)“人們認(rèn)為手機(jī)很有趣”文章并未提及,屬于無(wú)中生有;B選項(xiàng)“人們相信手機(jī)是安全的”,干擾源“safe”對(duì)應(yīng)原文第二段開(kāi)頭,但此處講的是父母給孩子買手機(jī)的原因,而不是手機(jī)受歡迎的原因,屬于張冠李戴;C選項(xiàng)“人們喜歡聽(tīng)音樂(lè)”對(duì)應(yīng)原文第一段段尾“Youcanevenuseamobilephonetolistentomusic.”,但此處與題干問(wèn)題無(wú)關(guān),不是手機(jī)受歡迎的原因,屬于出處錯(cuò)位。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可定位到文章第一段第四句IncountrieslikeRussiaandChina,peopleusemobilephonesinplaceswherethereisnoordinarytelephone.(在俄羅斯和中國(guó)這樣的國(guó)家,人們?cè)跊](méi)有普通電話的地方使用手機(jī)。),所以C選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)是在沒(méi)有普通電話的地方使用的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“一般的電話服務(wù)在任何地方都可以使用”和B選項(xiàng)“比起普通電話,人們更喜歡移動(dòng)電話”文章都沒(méi)有提到,屬于無(wú)中生有;D選項(xiàng)“人們用手機(jī)發(fā)電子郵件和上網(wǎng)”對(duì)應(yīng)文章第一段第六句Insomecountries,likeJapan,manypeopleusetheirmobilephonestosende-mailmessagesandaccesstheInternet.(在一些國(guó)家,比如日本,很多人用手機(jī)發(fā)送電子郵件和上網(wǎng)。),但此處講的是手機(jī)在日本的使用情況,而不是俄羅斯和中國(guó),屬于張冠李戴。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段開(kāi)頭Parentsbuymobilephonesfortheirchildren.Theycancallhomeiftheyareintroubleandneedhelp.(父母為他們的孩子買手機(jī)。如果他們遇到麻煩或需要幫助,他們可以打電話回家。),所以B選項(xiàng)“如果他們遇到麻煩或需要幫助,他們可以打電話回家”正確。A選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)在青少年中很流行”對(duì)應(yīng)第二段的第一句,但是正是因?yàn)樵絹?lái)越多的父母給孩子購(gòu)買手機(jī)才使得手機(jī)在青少年中很流行,并不是因?yàn)槭謾C(jī)流行父母才給孩子買手機(jī),父母的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是為了孩子們的安全考慮,此處屬于偷換概念;C選項(xiàng)“他們可以用手機(jī)玩簡(jiǎn)單的電腦游戲”對(duì)應(yīng)文章第二段第五句Butteenagersmostlyusethemtokeepintouchwiththeirfriendsorplaysimplecomputergames.(但青少年大多使用手機(jī)與朋友保持聯(lián)系或玩簡(jiǎn)單的電腦游戲。),但此處與題干無(wú)關(guān),不是父母給孩子購(gòu)買手機(jī)的原因,屬于出處錯(cuò)位;D選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)使青少年能夠戒煙”對(duì)應(yīng)第二段倒數(shù)第二句Researchshowsthatteenageownersofmobilephonessmokeless.(研究表明,擁有手機(jī)的青少年吸煙更少。),但此句講的是擁有手機(jī)的青少年吸煙更少,并不是說(shuō)手機(jī)能夠使青少年戒煙,屬于曲解原文。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段Butthereisamuchmoreseriousproblem.It’spossiblethatmobilephonecanheatupthebrainbecauseweholdthephonesoclosetoourhead.Scientistsfearthatmobilescanperhapsbebadforyourmemoryandevengiveyoucancer.(但還有一個(gè)更嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。手機(jī)可能會(huì)讓大腦發(fā)熱,因?yàn)槲覀儼咽謾C(jī)拿得離頭部太近了。科學(xué)家們擔(dān)心,手機(jī)可能會(huì)損害你的記憶力,甚至?xí)?dǎo)致癌癥。),由此可推斷出更嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題是手機(jī)會(huì)影響人們的健康,所以D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槭褂靡苿?dòng)電話可能對(duì)身體有害”正確。A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槿藗冇憛捝倘嗽诠矆?chǎng)所使用手機(jī)”和B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槿藗冇X(jué)得在咖啡館或餐館里沒(méi)有隱私保護(hù)”對(duì)應(yīng)文章最后一段的第一、二句“但是很多人不喜歡它們。他們討厭在火車上對(duì)面的商人大聲打電話,或者在咖啡館或餐館里手機(jī)響?!?,但此處講的是人們不喜歡手機(jī)的原因,并不是手機(jī)成為一個(gè)更嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題的原因,所以A選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴;并且這里也沒(méi)有提到任何隱私問(wèn)題,所以B選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)橛袕?qiáng)有力的證據(jù)證明手機(jī)的問(wèn)題”文章沒(méi)有提到,屬于無(wú)中生有。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章開(kāi)頭就提到了“Whyaremobilessopopular?(為什么手機(jī)如此受歡迎?)”,由此可知文章接下來(lái)都是在談手機(jī)受歡迎的原因,所以A選項(xiàng)“為什么手機(jī)如此受歡迎”正確。B選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)有用還是沒(méi)用”,文章主要探討的是手機(jī)受歡迎的原因,并不是手機(jī)的用處,屬于無(wú)中生有;C選項(xiàng)“手機(jī)危害健康”,文章只在最后一段提到使用手機(jī)會(huì)對(duì)身體造成危害,并不能用來(lái)概括整篇文章,屬于以偏概全;D選項(xiàng)“為什么要設(shè)計(jì)手機(jī)”文章并沒(méi)有對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)手機(jī)的原因進(jìn)行闡述,屬于無(wú)中生有。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

AssoonasHenryfoundthegemtobe(),hewentbacktotheshopandhadhismoneyback.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scattered

B.synthetic

C.identical

D.conspicuous

【答案】B

【解析】scattered分散的,散亂的;synthetic人造的,合成的;identical同一的;conspicuous顯著的。句意:Henry一發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)鉆石是人造的,他立馬返回商店退款。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

12.翻譯題

隨著地球上人口的增加,人類依靠土地資源生存變得越來(lái)越困難。土地的總量是有限的。雖然使用拖拉機(jī)等機(jī)械和施用化肥可以提高農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量,但是土地最終所能產(chǎn)出的糧食只有那么多,不會(huì)再增加。隨著人口越來(lái)越多,人類的消耗也越來(lái)越多。很明顯,地球上某些地區(qū)人口已經(jīng)飽和;在這其中的許多地區(qū),未來(lái)的人口增長(zhǎng)肯定會(huì)帶來(lái)更多的貧窮和苦難。然而,富裕國(guó)家的人們所使用的自然資源的比例,如糧食和能源,則遠(yuǎn)大于貧窮國(guó)家的人們,他們毫無(wú)節(jié)制地使用在另一方面會(huì)造成資源的巨大浪費(fèi)。

【答案】AsthenumberofpeopleonEarthincreases,itbecomesincreasinglydifficultforthepopulationtosurviveontheresourcesoftheland.Theamountoflandislimited.Althoughagriculturalproductioncanbeincreasedbyuseofmachinerysuchastractorsandtheadditionoffertilizer,thelandultimatelycanproduceonlysomuchfoodandnomore.Asthehumanpopulationgrows,peopleconsumemore.Clearly,somelocationsonEarthalreadyhavetoomanypeople,inmanyoftheseareas,futureincreaseswillsurelybringaboutmorepovertyandsuffering.Yetpeopleinrichnationsuseproportionallyfarmoreoftheavailableresourcesthanpeopleinpoorernations.Astheyconsumetheseresourceswithoutrestraint,theyalsowastelargeamountsofthem.

13.單選題

Becauseoftheirchemicalstructure,syntheticdyesgenerally(

moreslowlythannaturalones.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.penetrate

B.evaporate

C.fade

D.secede

【答案】C

【解析】penetrate滲透,看透;evaporate蒸發(fā),揮發(fā);fade褪色;secede脫離,退出。句意:由于化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)的原因,合成染料通常比天然染料褪色慢。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

14.單選題

Nylonisa(n)()material;itcanbeusedtomakeagreatmanythings.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compound

B.imitation

C.versatile

D.crystal

【答案】C

【解析】compound復(fù)合的;imitation人造的,仿制的;versatile多用的,萬(wàn)能的;crystal水晶的,透明的。根據(jù)下句:尼龍可以用來(lái)做很多東西,說(shuō)明尼龍用途廣泛,選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

15.單選題

Thecomplexityofpopularcultureisoftenoverlookedinoursociety.Peopleexpressconcernaboutthesocialeffectsofpopularculture——forexample,theinfluenceoftelevisionviolenceonchildren.Yetmostpeoplelookdownonthestudyofpopularculture,asifitcontainsnothingofsignificance.Thiscontradictionmakesitdifficultsometimestoinvestigateanddiscusspopularculture.

AsU.S.Americans,weareinauniquepositioninrelationshiptopopularculture.ProductsofU.S.popularculturearewellknownandcirculatewidelyontheinternationalmarket.ThepopularlyofU.Smusicstars,suchasMichaelJacksonandMadonna,andofHollywoodfilmsandtelevisionshowscreatesanunevenflowoftextsbetweentheUnitesStatesandothernations.ScholarsElihuKatzandTamarLiebesnotedthe“apparenteasewithwhichAmericantelevisionprogramscrossculturalandlinguisticfrontiers”.Indeedthephenomenonissotakenforgrantedthathardlyanysystematicresearchhasbeendonetoexplainthereasonswhytheseprogramsaresosuccessful.

Incontrast,U.S.AmericansarerarelyexposedtopopularculturefromoutsidetheUnitedStates.Exceptionstothislargelyone-waymovementofpopularcultureincluderockstarswhosinginEnglish.ConsiderhowdifficultitistofindforeignfilmsortelevisionprogramsthroughoutmostoftheUnitedStates.TheapparentimbalanceofculturaltextsgloballynotonlyrendersU.SAmericansmoredependentonU.S-producedpopularculture,butitalsocanleadtoculturalimperialism.

Thestudyofpopularculturehasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinthecommunicationfield.Althoughinterculturalcommunicationscholarstraditionallyhaveoverlookedpopularculture,webelievethatpopularcultureisasignificantinfluenceininterculturalinteractions.

1.“Thiscontradiction”inparagraph1referstothecontradictionbetween().

2.Accordingtothepassage,one-waymovementofpopularculturemayleadto().

3.Impliedbutnotstated:().

4.AmericansdependmoreonU.S-producedpopularculturebecause().

5.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressestheauthors’opiniononthestudyofpopularculture?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.people’sconcernaboutthesocialeffectsofpopularcultureandtheoverlookofthestudyofpopularculture.

B.thecomplexityofpopularcultureandpeople’sconcernaboutthesocialeffectsofpopularculture.

C.thecomplexityofpopularcultureandtheoverlookofthestudyofpopularculture

D.thesignificanceofpopularcultureandthestudyofpopularculture.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.culturalimperialism

B.thepopularityofrockstarswhosinginEnglish

C.theoverlookofpopularculture

D.thesystematicresearchonpopularculture

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Popularprogramshavebeenoverlooked

B.ProductsofU.SpopularculturearemorewidelyspreadinothernationsthanintheU.S

C.Socialeffectsofpopularcultureareofgreatimportance.

D.ThereasonswhyU.Spopularcultureisgloballysuccessfulhavenotbeenfound

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theydisliketelevisionprogramsofothernations

B.popularculturefromoutsidetheUnitedStatesishardlyfoundontheAmericanmarket

C.thestudyofpopularcultureisoverlooked

D.U.S.popularcultureiswellknownintheworld

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Popularculturehasmadeaglobalinfluenceininterculturalcommunication.

B.TheimbalanceofpopularcultureisharmfultoAmericans.

C.Interculturalresearchersshouldpayattentiontothestudyofpopularculture.

D.TheinternationalmarkershouldnotbedominatedbyU.S.popularculture

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文可知,“Thiscontradiction”指的是上一句提到的人們表達(dá)了流行文化對(duì)社會(huì)影響的擔(dān)憂——例如,電視暴力對(duì)兒童的影響。然而,大多數(shù)人看不起流行文化的研究,覺(jué)得它沒(méi)有任何意義。所以選項(xiàng)A與原文相符。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“one-waymovement”定位到第三段最后一句“TheapparentimbalanceofculturaltextsgloballynotonlyrendersU.SAmericansmoredependentonU.S-producedpopularculture,butitalsocanleadtoculturalimperialism.”可知,選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.推理判斷題。此題可采用排除法。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知,選項(xiàng)A表述錯(cuò)誤;選項(xiàng)B在文中并沒(méi)有相關(guān)的信息表明;選項(xiàng)D是原文內(nèi)容;所以只有選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“ConsiderhowdifficultitistofindforeignfilmsortelevisionprogramsthroughoutmostoftheUnitedStates.”可知,在美國(guó)大部分地區(qū)很難找到外國(guó)電影或電視節(jié)目。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,作者認(rèn)為流行文化在跨文化交際中有著重要的影響。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

16.單選題

Ifyousaythatsomethingis(),youareemphasizingthatitcannotbejustifiedor,toleratedbecauseitisextremelybad.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inevitable

B.ineffective

C.inexcusable

D.inexplicable

【答案】C

【解析】inevitable必然的,不可避免的;ineffective無(wú)效的,不起作用的;inexcusable不可原諒的;inexplicable費(fèi)解的。句意:如果你說(shuō)某件事是不可原諒的,你是在強(qiáng)調(diào)它是不合理的或不能容忍的,因?yàn)樗菢O其糟糕的。選項(xiàng)C更符合語(yǔ)境。

17.單選題

Savingmoneyregularlyduringone’sworkingyearswillhelpto()one’soldagefromwant.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.safeguard

B.assure

C.guard

D.guarantee

【答案】A

【解析】safeguard保護(hù),保衛(wèi);assure保證,確保;guard防衛(wèi);guarantee保證,擔(dān)保。safeguard...from...為固定搭配,表示“保護(hù)...使免于...”,句意:工作的時(shí)候定期存錢,有助于老年時(shí)期免受貧困之苦。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

18.單選題

Whileitsuniqueeatinghabitsmakethemountaingorillaafascinatingsubjectforobservations,itssmallpopulationanditsshynessserveto______manypotentialstudies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspire

B.fortify

C.release

D.hinder

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inspire“賦予靈感;鼓舞;激起”;B選項(xiàng)fortify“(在物質(zhì)或精神上)加強(qiáng)”;C選項(xiàng)release“(情感)發(fā)泄;放松”;D選項(xiàng)hinder“阻礙”。句意:雖然山地大猩猩獨(dú)特的飲食習(xí)慣吸引許多人的觀察,但它數(shù)量少和害羞的特點(diǎn)______許多研究的可能性。橫線處和studies構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,While表示轉(zhuǎn)折,大猩猩數(shù)量少且害羞,即使很多人想研究大猩猩也不能順利地進(jìn)行研究,會(huì)遇到一些困難,D選項(xiàng)hinder“阻礙”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Attheheightofthefinancialcrisis,alltheycoulddowas______andhopethatconditionswouldimprove.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.holdon

B.getalong

C.geton

D.lookon

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)holdon“堅(jiān)持;稍等”;B選項(xiàng)getalong“與……和睦相處”;C選項(xiàng)geton“繼續(xù)做;開(kāi)始做”;D選項(xiàng)lookon“把……當(dāng)作”。句意:在金融危機(jī)最嚴(yán)重的時(shí)候,他們能做的只有______,并希望情況會(huì)有所改善。they和橫線處構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系,在金融危機(jī)時(shí),只有A選項(xiàng)holdon“堅(jiān)持”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

ThetryptophanintheThanksgivingturkeyhad______effect,inducingsleepinthosewhoconsumedit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aninvigorating

B.depreciatory

C.hypnotic

D.lethal

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。A選項(xiàng)aninvigorating“使精力充沛的”;B選項(xiàng)depreciatory“貶值的”;C選項(xiàng)hypnotic“有催眠作用的;安眠的”;D選項(xiàng)lethal“致命的”。句意:感恩節(jié)火雞中的色氨酸有______的作用,能讓吃火雞的人入睡。色氨酸可以讓人們?nèi)胨梢?jiàn)有讓人產(chǎn)生困意的作用,C選項(xiàng)hypnotic“有催眠作用的;安眠的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Aviolentthunderstormwas()asdarkcloudswerecollectingoverhead.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eminent

B.imminent

C.instantaneous

D.simultaneous

【答案】B

【解析】eminent杰出的;imminent即將來(lái)臨的;instantaneous即時(shí)的;simultaneous同時(shí)的。句意:當(dāng)烏云在頭頂聚集時(shí),一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨即將到來(lái)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

22.單選題

Theaddictivenatureofonlinegamblinghasforcedmany______garnerstoseektreatment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sedative

B.fortified

C.compulsive

D.impulsive

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)sedative“鎮(zhèn)靜劑”;B選項(xiàng)fortified“(在物質(zhì)或精神上)加強(qiáng)”;C選項(xiàng)compulsive“欲罷不能的”;D選項(xiàng)impulsive“易沖動(dòng)的”。句意:在線賭博成癮的基本特征迫使許多______的賭徒尋求治療。這里的賭徒對(duì)賭博上癮,不能控制自己停下賭博,C選項(xiàng)compulsive“欲罷不能的”形容他們符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

23.翻譯題

現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越盛行送十幾歲的小孩子到國(guó)外留學(xué),人數(shù)在急劇增加。他們的家長(zhǎng)對(duì)國(guó)外的教育抱有不切實(shí)際的幻想。外國(guó)院校舉辦的教育展覽把國(guó)外的學(xué)校說(shuō)的天花亂墜,使他們聽(tīng)了介紹之后便心動(dòng)變?yōu)樾袆?dòng)。

可是,把小孩子送到國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)并不一定帶來(lái)好的結(jié)果。許多學(xué)生缺乏適應(yīng)性和靈活性,他們很難融入到國(guó)外新的環(huán)境,由于在文化上難以適應(yīng),即缺乏在國(guó)外陌生環(huán)境下生存的能力,他們往往會(huì)受到所謂“文化震蕩”的沖擊。缺乏必要的觀察能力,使他們難以理解東道主國(guó)家人民的行為表現(xiàn),他們也就無(wú)法與當(dāng)?shù)厝舜虺梢黄狈m應(yīng)性以及交流和交往能力必然會(huì)使自己感到孤立。

感到孤獨(dú)和生活上不能自理,他們會(huì)經(jīng)常想家和情緒低落。更重要的是,由于他們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)上沒(méi)有打好堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),不能適應(yīng)外語(yǔ)環(huán)境下的學(xué)習(xí),由于他們?nèi)狈Κ?dú)立學(xué)習(xí)的能力,所以就不可能取得所期望的進(jìn)步。

于是,許多人便不得不半途而廢,放棄來(lái)之不易的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)。因此,過(guò)早地送小孩子到國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)不一定是件好事情。

如果想要孩子到國(guó)外去見(jiàn)見(jiàn)世面,可以讓他們集體參加短期的國(guó)外游學(xué)項(xiàng)目,住在外國(guó)人的家里,參加暑期班的學(xué)習(xí),在所在地開(kāi)展一些旅游活動(dòng),但這些團(tuán)組必須有專門的老師陪同,提供全程性的指導(dǎo)和幫助。

【答案】Thereisagrowingtrendofsendingteenagestudentsabroadtostudy—thenumberhasbeenincreasingdramatically.Theirparentshaveunrealisticillusionsaboutforeigneducation.Attractedbytheeducationalexhibitionspresentedbyforeignuniversitiesandcollegeswhichpaintmanyrosypicturesandtellmanyglowtales,theyarepromptedintoaction.

However,sendingchildrentostudyabroaddoesn’tnecessarilyproducegoodoutcomes.Manyyoungstudentslackadaptabilityandflexibility.Theyfindithardtoadaptthemselvestonewenvironmentinforeigncountries.Becauseofthelackofculturaltoughness——theabilitytoliveinanalienculture,theyusuallysufferfromtheso-called“culturalshock”.Withoutadequateperceptualability—theabilitytounderstandwhythehost-countrypeoplebehaveastheydo,theyfinditdifficulttoempathizewiththem.Andduetothelackofself-orientation,theabilitytocommunicateandinteracteffectivelywithhost-countrynationals,theytendtofindthemselvesisolated.

Feelinglonelyandbeingunabletotakecareofthemselvesmakethemhomesickanddowninspirits.Andmoreimportantly,becausetheseyoungstudentsdon'thaveasoundacademicfoundationandtheabilitytopursuestudyinaforeignlanguage,theydon'tknowhowtoworkindependentlyandoftenfailtomaketheprogresstheydesire.

Therefore,manystudentshavetogiveuptheirhard-earnedlearningopportunityhalfway.Hence,sendingchildrentostudyabroadwhentheyarestillyoungisnotnecessarilyagoodthing.

Ifparentswanttobroadenthevisionoftheirchildren,itisadvisabletosendthemabroadingroupsforshorthome-staystudyprograms.Theycanlivewithahostfamily,attendasummerschool,andjoininexcursionsinandaroundthehostcity.Butthesegroupsmustbeaccompaniedbyadesignatedteacherwhocanprovideorientation,guidanceandassistanceallthe

24.單選題

UrbanmotorwayshaveprovednosolutiontoBritain’s______trafficcongestion—indeedsomesaytheyhavemadeitworse.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.abundant

B.adamant

C.sticky

D.chronic

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)abundant“大量的,充裕的”;B選項(xiàng)adamant“堅(jiān)決的”;C選項(xiàng)sticky“難辦的,棘手的”;D選項(xiàng)chronic“長(zhǎng)期的,難以治愈(或根除)的”。句意:事實(shí)證明,城市高速公路并不能解決英國(guó)______的交通擁堵問(wèn)題——事實(shí)上,有的人說(shuō),城市高速公路讓情況更糟了。橫線處修飾trafficcongestion“交通擁堵問(wèn)題”,交通擁堵問(wèn)題不是短時(shí)間形成和解決的,沒(méi)有提到會(huì)帶來(lái)很嚴(yán)重的后果,需要立刻解決,不至于棘手,D選項(xiàng)chronic“長(zhǎng)期的,難以治愈(或根除)的”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

Instudyingsocialgroups,sociologistsoftengain()throughtheuseofsuchdevicesasquestionnaires.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assess

B.credibility

C.understanding

D.insight

【答案】A

【解析】gainaccess(to)為固定搭配,意為“接近,獲得權(quán)限,得到(信息,資源等)”,這里省略了介詞to。選項(xiàng)A正確。

26.單選題

IstaredintotheblacknessandwonderedifhewasasawareofmypresenceasI______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wasofhis

B.wasofhim

C.didhim

D.didofhis

【答案】A

【解析】考查句子省略。句意:我盯著他陰沉的臉,想知道他是否注意到我的存在,正如我知道他的存在一樣。as到句尾是狀語(yǔ)從句,從句還原為asIwasasawareofhispresence,這里和前面if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句部分重復(fù),故省略重復(fù)的部分,A選項(xiàng)wasofhis符合題意。其余選項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

27.單選題

ManyvisitorspraisedthemagnificentarchitectureofthePalace______theForbiddenCity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.knowntoforeignersfor

B.knowntoforeignersas

C.knownforforeignerstobe

D.knownforforeignersas

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)。句意:許多游客驚嘆于這座被外國(guó)人熟知,被稱為紫禁城的宏偉建筑。beknownto“為……所知”,beknownas“作為……而出名,被稱為”,beknownfor“因?yàn)椤雒?。橫線到句尾是對(duì)thePalace進(jìn)行修飾的定語(yǔ),宮殿被外國(guó)人所知,并且被稱為紫禁城,所以B選項(xiàng)knowntoforeignersas符合題意。其余選項(xiàng)介詞用法錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

28.單選題

Intimesofeconomicdifficulty,corporatebudgetsforresearchdevelopmentareoften()beforeanyothers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shifted

B.examined

C.slashed

D.presented

【答案】C

【解析】shift轉(zhuǎn)移,變換;examine檢查;slash削減;present提出,呈現(xiàn)。句意:在經(jīng)濟(jì)困難時(shí)期,企業(yè)的研究開(kāi)發(fā)預(yù)算往往比其他任何時(shí)候都要先削減。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

29.單選題

TheannualreviewofAmericancompanyboardpracticesbyKorn/Ferry,afirmofheadhunters,isausefulindicatorofthehealthofcorporategovernance.Thisyear’sreview,publishedonNovember12th,showsthattheSarbanes-Oxleyact,passedin2002totrytopreventarepeatofcorporatecollapsessuchasEnron’sandWorldCom’s,hashadanimpactontheboardroom----albeitatanaverageimplementationcostthatKorn/Ferryestimatesat$5.1mperfirm.

Twoyearsago,only41%ofAmericanfirmssaidtheyregularlyheldmeetingsofdirectorswithouttheirchiefexecutivepresent;thisyearthefigurewas93%.Butsomethingshavebeensurprisinglyunaffectedbyth

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