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孔子語錄系列的中英文對照一.為人處世superiormandoesnotpromoteamansimplyonaccountofhiswords,notdoesheputasidegoodwordsbecauseoftheman.工欲善其事,必先利其器。Acraftsmanwhowishestodohisworkwellmustfirstsharpenhistools.君子和而不同,小人同而不合.Thesuperiormanaimsatharmonybutnotatuniformity。Themeanmanaimsatuniformitybutnotatharmony。欲速則不達(dá),見小利則大事不成。Ifyouhavethingsdonehastily,youwillnotreachthegoal.Ifyouonlyseesmallgains,youwillnotaccomplishgreattasks.其身正,不令而行;其身不正,雖令不從。Whenaruler’spersonalconductiscorrect,hewillbeobeyedwithouttheissuingoforders.Ifhispersonalconductisnotcorrect,hemayissueorders,buttheywillnotbefollowed.歲寒,然后知松柏之后凋也。Onlywhentheyearbecomescolddoweknowhowthepineandthecypressarethelasttofade。見義不為,無勇也.Toseewhatisrightandnottodoitiswantofcourage。見賢思齊焉,見不賢而內(nèi)自省也。Whenweseemenofworth,weshouldthinkofequallingthem;whenweseemenofacontraryweshouldturninwardsandexamineourselves.君子欲訥于言,而敏于行。Thesuperiormanwishestobeslowinhisspeechandearnestinhisconduct.1/8三軍可奪師也,匹夫不可奪志也.Thecommanderoftheforcesofalargestatemaybecarriedoff,butthewillofevenacommonmancannotbetakenfromhim。知者不惑,仁者不憂,勇者不懼。Thewisearefreefromperplexities;thevirtuousfromanxiety;andtheboldfromfear。subdueone'sselfandreturntopropriety,isperfectvirtue。IfamancanforonedaysubduehimselfandreturntoallunderheavenwillascribeperfectvirtuetoIsthepracticeofperfectvirtuefromamanhimself,orisitfromothers?thesuperiormanneverfailreverentiallytoorderhisownconduct,andlethimberespectfultoothersandobservantofpropriety:--thenallwithinthewholecountrywillbehisbrothers。Whathasthesuperiormantodowithbeingdistressedbecausehehasnobrothers?superiormanseekstoperfecttheadmirablequalitiesofmen,anddoesnotseektoperfecttheirbadqualities.Themeanmandoestheoppositeofthis.何以報德?以直報怨,以德報德。Withwhatthenwillyourecompensekindness?Recompenseinjurywithjustice,andrecompensekindnesswithkindness.巧言亂德。小不忍,則亂大謀.Speciouswordsconfoundvirtue。Wantofforbearanceinsmallmattersconfoundsgreatplans。道不同,不相為謀.Thosewhosecoursesaredifferentcannotlayplansforoneanother.二.為政以德2/8君君,臣臣,父父,子子。Thereiswhentheprinceisandtheministeriswhenthefatherisandthesonisson.子為政,焉用殺;子欲善,而民善矣.君子之德風(fēng),小人之德草,草上之風(fēng)必偃。Incarryingonyourgovernment,whyshouldyouusekillingataLetyourevinceddesiresbeforwhatisgood,andthepeoplewillbegood.TherelationbetweensuperiorsandislikethatbetweenthewindandtheThegrassmustbend,whenthewindblowsacrossit.舉直錯諸枉,能使枉者直。Employtheuprightandputasideallthecrooked;——inthiswaythecrookedcanbemadetobeupright.variousofficers,pardonsmallfaults,andraisetoofficemenofvirtueandtalents.。名不正,則言不順;言不順,則事不成;事不成,則禮樂不興;禮樂不興,則刑罰不中;刑罰不中,則民無所措手足。Ifnamesbenotcorrect,languageisnotinaccordancewiththetruthofthings。Iflanguagebenotinaccordancewiththetruthofthings,affairscannotbecarriedontosuccess.Whenaffairscannotbecarriedontosuccess,proprietiesandmusicwillnotflourish.Whenproprietiesandmusicdonotpunishmentswillnotbeproperlyawarded.Whenpunishmentsarenotproperlyawarded,thepeopledonotknowhowtomovehandorfoot。atrulyroyalrulerweretoarise,itwouldstillrequireageneration,andthenvirtuewouldprevail。行己有恥,使于四方,不辱君命,可謂士矣。Hewhoinhisconductofhimselfmaintainsasenseofshame,andwhensenttoanyquarterwillnotdisgracehisprince'scommission,deservestobecalledanofficer。以不教民戰(zhàn),是謂棄之。Toleadanuninstructedpeopletowar,istothrowthemaway.3/8不在其位,不謀其政。Hewhoisnotinanyparticularoffice,hasnothingtodowithplansfortheadministrationofitsduties。上好禮,則民易使也。Whenrulerslovetoobservetherulesofthepeoplerespondreadilytothecallsonthemforservice.聞有國有家者,不患寡,而患不均,不患貧,而患不安。蓋均無貧,和無寡,安無傾。IhaveheardthatrulersofStatesandchiefsoffamiliesarenottroubledlesttheirpeopleshouldbefew,butaretroubledlesttheyshouldnotkeeptheirseveralthattheyarenottroubledwithfearsofpoverty,butaretroubledwithfearsofawantofcontentedreposeamongthepeopleintheirseveralplaces.Forwhenthepeoplekeeptheirseveralplaces,therewillbenopoverty;whenharmonyprevails,therewillbenoscarcityofpeople;andwhenthereissuchacontentedrepose,therewillbenorebelliousupsettings。、三.人生態(tài)度nature,menarenearlyalike;bypractice,theygettobewideapart。過而不改,是謂過矣.Nottomendthefaultonehasmadeistoerrindeed.己所不欲,勿施于人.Whatyoudonotwantdonetodonotdotoothers.言必信,行必果.Keepwhatyousayandcarryoutwhatyoudo.君子以文會友,以友輔仁.Thesuperiormanongroundsofculturemeetswithhisfriends,andbytheirfriendshiphelpshisvirtue。三軍可奪師也,匹夫不可奪志也.ThecommanderoftheforcesofalargeStatemaybecarriedbutthewillofevenacommonmancannotbetakenfromhim.后生可畏,焉知來者之不如今也?Ayouthistoberegardedwithrespect。Howdoyouknowthathisfuturewillnotbeequaltoourpresent?4/8有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來,不亦樂乎?Isitnotdelightfultohavefriendscomingfromdistantquarters?人不知而不慍,不亦君子乎?Ishenotamanofcompletevirtue,whofeelsnodiscomposurethoughmenmaytakenonoteofhim?父在,觀其志。父沒,觀其行。三年無改于父之道,可謂孝矣。Whileaman’sfatherisalive,lookatthebentofhiswhenhisfatherisdead,lookathisconduct.Ifforthreeyearshedoesnotalterfromthewayofhisfather,hemaybecalledfilial.不患人之不己知,患不知人也。Iwillnotbeafflictedatmen’snotknowingme;IwillbeafflictedthatIdonotknowmen.詩三百,一言以蔽之,曰:思無邪。IntheBookofPoetryarethreehundredpieces,butthedesignofthemallmaybeembracedinonesentence-—"Havingnodepravedthoughts.”關(guān)睢樂而不淫,哀而不傷。TheKwanTsuisexpressiveofenjoymentwithoutbeinglicentious,andofgriefwithoutbeinghurtfullyexcessive。父母在,不遠(yuǎn)游,游必有方。Whilehisparentsarealive,thesonmaynotgoabroadtoadistance.Ifhedoesgohemusthaveafixedplacetowhichhegoes.德不孤,必有鄰。Virtueisnotlefttostandalone.Hewhopractisesitwillhaveneighbors。從心所欲,不逾矩。AtfifteenIsetmyheartuponAtIplantedmyfeetfirmupontheground。Atforty,InolongersufferedfromAtIknewwhatwerethebiddingsofHeaven.Atsixty,Iheardthemwithdocileear。Atseventy,Icouldfollowthedictatesofmyownheart;forwhatIdesirednolongeroversteppedtheboundariesofright。5/8賢哉回也!一簞食,一瓢飲,在陋巷,人不堪其憂,回也不改其樂。賢哉回也!IncomparableindeedwasHui!Ahandfulofricetoeat,agourdfulofwatertodrink,livinginameanstreet。Otherswouldhavefounditunendurablydepressing,buttoHui’scheerfulnessitmadenodifferenceatall。IncomparableindeedwasHui.wisefindpleasureinwater;thevirtuousfindpleasureinhills。Thewiseareactive;thevirtuousaretranquil.Thewisearejoyful;thevirtuousarelong—lived。逝者如斯夫,不舍晝夜.Itpassesonjustlikethis,notceasingdayornight!食不厭精,膾不厭細(xì)。Hedidnotdisliketohavehisricefinelynortohavehismincedmeatcutquitesmall.非禮勿視,非禮勿聽,非禮勿言,非禮勿動.Looknotatwhatiscontrarytopropriety;listennottowhatiscontrarytopropriety;speaknotwhatiscontrarytopropriety;makenomovementwhichiscontrarytopropriety.人無遠(yuǎn)慮,必有近憂。Ifamantakenothoughtaboutwhatishewillfindsorrownearathand.其老也,血?dú)饧人?,戒之在得。Therearethreethingswhichthesuperiormanguardsagainst.Inyouth,whenthephysicalpowers,arenotyetsettled,heguardsagainstWhenheisstrongandthephysicalpowersarefullofvigor,heguardsagainstquarrelsomeness.Whenheisold,andtheanimalpowersaredecayed,heguardsagainstcovetousness。唯女子與小人,為難養(yǎng)也。近之則不孫,遠(yuǎn)之則怨。Ofallpeople,girlsandservantsarethemostdifficulttobehaveIfyouarefamiliarwiththem,theylosetheirhumility.Ifyoumaintainareservetowardsthem,theyarediscontented.四.求知求學(xué)6/8有教無類。Inteachingthereshouldbenodistinctionofclasses.itcomestobenevolence,oneneednotgiveprecedenceeventohisteacher。學(xué)而時習(xí)之,不亦說乎?Isitnotpleasanttolearnwithaconstantperseveranceandapplication?溫故而知新,可以為師矣.Ifamankeepscherishinghisoldknowledge,soascontinuallytobeacquiringnew,hemaybeateacherofothers.學(xué)而不思則罔,思而不學(xué)則殆.Learningwithoutthoughtislabourlost;thoughtwithoutlearningisperilous。敏而好學(xué),不恥下問。Hew
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