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住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-北京體育大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)(圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小)題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Wepreferthattheplan(

)beforebeingputintoexecution.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.befullydiscussed

B.mustbefullydiscussed

C.willbefullydiscussed

D.isfullydiscussed

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。prefer后面接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形,其中should可省略。所以選項(xiàng)A為省略了should的正確答案。

2.單選題

M:IsthereanythingIcandoforyou.Madam?

W:I’dliketoseesomelinen,please.

Q:Wherearethetwopeople?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inasportsdepartment.

B.Inatextiledepartment.

C.Inahotel.

D.Inashoedepartment.

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)題目“l(fā)inen亞麻布”可知B選項(xiàng)‘紡織部’正確。

3.問(wèn)答題

Filmmakersunderstandablylosemuchoftheirinterestinthegenre,(appealto)

【答案】Itisunderstandablethatthegenredoesn’tappealtofilmmakersmuch.

4.單選題

IthinkIwasatschool,(

)IwasstayingwithafriendduringthevacationwhenIheardthenews.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.orelse

B.andthen

C.orso

D.evenso

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨析題。A選項(xiàng);B選項(xiàng)andthen“于是,然后”;C選項(xiàng)orso“大約”;D選項(xiàng)evenso“雖然如此,即使如此”。根據(jù)句意‘當(dāng)聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息時(shí),我應(yīng)該是在學(xué)校,……在和朋友度假?!瘧?yīng)該是表示選擇,所以A選項(xiàng)orelse“否則,要不然”符合邏輯,正確。

5.問(wèn)答題

Thegardenistoosmallforaswimmingpool,(room)

【答案】Thereisnoroomforaswimmingpoolinthegarden.

6.單選題

Manyteachersbelievethattheresponsibilitiesforlearningliewiththestudents.(1)alongreadingassignmentisgiven,instructorsexpectstudentstobefamiliarwiththe

(2)

inthereadingeveniftheydonotdiscussitinclassortakeanexamination.The

(3)

studentisconsideredtobe

(4)

whoismotivatedtolearnforthesakeof

(5)

,nottheoneinterestedonlyingettinghighgrader.Sometimeshomeworkisreturned

(6)

briefwrittencommentsbutwithoutagrade.Evenifagradeisnotgiven,thestudentsis

(7)

forlearningthematerialassigned.Whenresearchis

(8)

,theprofessorexpectedthestudenttotakeitactivelyandtocompletewith

(9)

guidance.Itisthe

(10)

responsibilitytofindbooks,magazines,andarticlesinthelibrary.Professorsdonothavethetimetoexplain

(11)

auniversitylibraryworks;theyexpectstudents,

(12)

graduatestudents,tobeabletoexhaustthereference

(13)

inthelibrary.Professorswillhelpstudentswhoneedit,but

(14)

thattheirstudentsshouldnotbe

(15)dependentonthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.If

B.Although

C.Because

D.Since

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.suggestion

B.context

C.abstract

D.information

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.poor

B.ideal

C.average

D.disappointment

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.such

B.one

C.any

D.some

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.fun

B.work

C.learning

D.prize

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.in

C.for

D.with

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.criticized

B.innocent

C.responsible

D.dismissed

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.collated

B.distributed

C.assigned

D.finished

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.maximum

B.minimum

C.possible

D.practical

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.student’s

B.professor’s

C.assistant’s

D.librarian’s

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.what

C.why

D.how

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.particularly

B.essentially

C.obviously

D.rarely

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.selections

B.collections

C.source

D.origins

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.hate

B.dislike

C.like

D.prefer

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.too

B.such

C.much

D.more

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:D

第7題:C

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:A

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:C

第14題:D

第15題:A

【解析】(1)邏輯連接詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格中填入一個(gè)引導(dǎo)連接詞引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,主句部分為instructorsexpectstudentstobefamiliarwith……,上一句提到布置一份很長(zhǎng)的閱讀作業(yè),下一句提到老師希望學(xué)生們熟悉……即使不在課堂上討論或進(jìn)行考試。可判斷出前后兩句存在假設(shè)關(guān)系,前一句為后一句的前提條件。選用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。句意:如果布置一份很長(zhǎng)的閱讀作業(yè),老師希望學(xué)生們熟悉……。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(2)名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意,老師們希望學(xué)生熟悉閱讀材料中的……即使不在課堂上討論或進(jìn)行考試。Suggestion“建議”;context“語(yǔ)境”;abstract“摘要”;information“信息”??芍處熞髮W(xué)生熟悉材料中的信息。因此信息D符合題意。

(3)形容詞詞義辨析。Poor“差的,可憐的”;ideal“理想的”;average“平均的,普通的”;disappointment“失望,沮喪,名詞”。根據(jù)下文“ismotivatedtolearnforthesakeof…,nottheoneinterestedonlyingettinghighgrader.”,可知這些學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)不僅僅是為了拿高分,而是為了……,可判斷出這是理想的學(xué)生。因此信息B符合題意。

(4)語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格后是由who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,所以空格中需填入一個(gè)先行詞。句子的主語(yǔ)為theidealstudent,人作主語(yǔ),所以可用代詞one代指人,作先行詞代詞theidealstudent。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

(5)上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)句意,這些理想的學(xué)生是為了……而學(xué)習(xí),而不僅僅為了拿高分。Fun“樂(lè)趣”;work“工作”;learning“學(xué)習(xí)”;prize“獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)”。可判斷出理想的學(xué)生是為了學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)而學(xué)習(xí)。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

(6)介詞詞義辨析。By“通過(guò)”;in“在……里面”;for“為了”;with“具有,帶著”。句意:有時(shí),家庭作業(yè)會(huì)被退回來(lái),并附有簡(jiǎn)短的書(shū)面評(píng)論,但沒(méi)有分?jǐn)?shù)。所以選用bereturnedwith“帶著……退回”。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

(7)形容詞詞義辨析。Criticized“被批評(píng)的”;innocent“無(wú)辜的,天真的”;responsible“負(fù)責(zé)任的”;dismissed“解雇的,解散的”。又根據(jù)固定搭配beresponsiblefor“對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)”。句意:即使沒(méi)有給出分?jǐn)?shù),學(xué)生也有責(zé)任學(xué)習(xí)指定的材料。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

(8)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Collate“核對(duì),整理,檢驗(yàn)”;distribute“分配,散布,物品的分配發(fā)放”;assign“分配,指派,特指分配任務(wù)”;finish“完成”。句意:當(dāng)教授布置研究任務(wù)時(shí),他希望學(xué)生積極參與。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

(9)形容詞詞義辨析。Maximum“最高的,最多的,最大的”;minimum“最小的,最低的”;possible“可能的,合理的”;practical“實(shí)際的,實(shí)用性的”。句意:當(dāng)教授布置研究任務(wù)時(shí),他希望學(xué)生積極參與,在最少的指導(dǎo)下完成。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

(10)上下文語(yǔ)義理解。根據(jù)上文提到當(dāng)教授布置研究任務(wù)時(shí),他希望學(xué)生積極參與,在最少的指導(dǎo)下完成??芍挛奶岬皆趫D書(shū)館查資料是學(xué)生自己的責(zé)任。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(11)語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)及空格前的動(dòng)詞explain,可知后接賓語(yǔ)從句,空格中應(yīng)填入一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意:教授們沒(méi)有時(shí)間解釋大學(xué)圖書(shū)館是如何查資料的。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

(12)副詞詞義辨析。Particularly“特別是,尤其是”;essentially“本質(zhì)上,本來(lái)”;obviously“明顯地”;rarely“很少地,難得地”。句意:他們希望學(xué)生,尤其是畢業(yè)生,能夠徹底研究參考文獻(xiàn)……。所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(13)名詞詞義辨析。Selection“選擇”;collection“采集,收集,收藏”;source“來(lái)源”;origin“起源,源頭”。句意:他們希望學(xué)生,尤其是畢業(yè)生,能夠徹底研究圖書(shū)館里參考文獻(xiàn)的出處來(lái)源。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

(14)上下文語(yǔ)義理解。Hate“憎恨”;dislike“不喜歡,討厭”;like“喜歡”;prefer“更喜歡,寧愿,愿意”??崭袂耙痪涮岬浇淌跁?huì)幫助需要幫助的學(xué)生,根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but,可知空格應(yīng)該填入與前句相反的意思。根據(jù)下文“thattheirstudentsshouldnotbe…dependentonthem.”,可知教授更希望學(xué)生們不那么依賴(lài)他。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

(15)副詞詞義辨析。Too“太”;such“如此”;much“許多,大量”;more“更多”。根據(jù)句意:教授們會(huì)幫助那些需要幫助的學(xué)生,但他們更希望學(xué)生不要太依賴(lài)他們。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

7.單選題

Toreadanewbook,yousimplyneedgoodlight,timeandtherightframeofmind.Buttoreadanewsoftwarepackage,youneedathousandpounds’worthofhardware,considerablecomputerknowledge,plentyoftimeand,mostimportantofall,endlessdetermination.

Generallyspeaking,allbooksareverymuchalike,andtheexperiencedreaderhasnodifficultycopingwithanunfamiliarbook.Butimaginehowfrustratingitwouldbeifyouhadtomakeamentaladjustment,ifyouhadtoreadinadifferentwayeverytimeyoureadabookfromadifferentpublisher,yetthisisexactlywhatitislikewhenyouuseanewsoftwarepackage.

Youcanbeencouragedinagoodbookwithinaminute,butgettingnewsoftwarerunningtakesages.Learningtouseanewpieceofsoftwareisliketryingtorideatrickbicycle,onwhichthehandlebarshaveareverseaction.Itlookseasierthanitreallyis.Thisispartlybecauseyoumustfirstunlearnwhatyou’velearntonthelastpackage;notwopackagesusethecontrolcharactersonthekeyboardinquitethesameway.Howmucheasieritwouldbeiftherearesomestandardstowhichallsoftwarewritersadhered!

Sinceyoucan’trelyonyourpreciousexperience,theonlywaytounderstandyournewsoftwarepackageistorelyonthemanual.Somesoftwaremanualsarewrittenwiththebeginnerinmindandhaveexplicitinstructionwithwell-designedexercisesthatleadyougentlyonfromstagetostage.Butmostassumethatyouarealreadyanexpert,andhavecomplicatedexplanationswhichonlyconfuseandirritateyou.Allrequireafullsetoffingersandthumbstomarkpageswhilehuntingoutinformation.Yes,perhapstheinformationisinthemanual,butwhere?

1.Whenlearningtouseanewsoftwarepackageyoumayprobablyfeel(

).

2.Theauthormentionsthetrickbicycle,onwhichthehandlebarshaveareverseaction,inordertoshow(

).

3.Howcouldasoftwarepackagebecomeeasiertousersaccordingtotheauthor?

4.Whatisthemostcommonprobleminsoftwaremanualsaccordingtothepassage?

5.Theword“explicit”underlinedinparagraph4probablymeans“(

)”.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.frustrated

B.encouraged

C.engrossed

D.dismayed

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.howdifficultitistolearntorideabicycle

B.itisimpossibletolearntoridethisbicycle

C.howdifficultitistolearnanewsoftwarepackage

D.toleamtorideabicycleisthesamethingastoleamanewsoftwarepackage

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Allsoftwarepackagesaremadebythesamesoftwarecompany.

B.Theusersarefamiliarwithallkindsofsoftwarepackages.

C.Therearesomestandardstowhichallsoftwarewritersadhere.

D.Thereisacommitteewhichexaminesallsoftwarepackages.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhavecomplicatedexplanationswhicharequitebeyondyourunderstanding.

B.Theyareprintedinverysmallcharacters.

C.Theirinstructionsandexplanationsaretoosimple.

D.Theyarewrittenwiththebeginnerinmind.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.confusing

B.clear

C.complicated

D.involved

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)‘當(dāng)你學(xué)習(xí)使用一個(gè)新的軟件包時(shí),你可能會(huì)覺(jué)得…’。根據(jù)文章第二段中第二句“Butimaginehowfrustratingitwouldbeifyouhadtomakeamentaladjustment,ifyouhadtoreadinadifferentwayeverytimeyoureadabookfromadifferentpublisher,yetthisisexactlywhatitislikewhenyouuseanewsoftwarepackage.但是想象一下,如果你必須在思想上做出調(diào)整,如果你每次閱讀不同出版商的書(shū)時(shí)都必須以不同的方式閱讀,這將是多么令人沮喪的一件事,而這正是你使用新軟件包時(shí)的情況?!贝_定A選項(xiàng)‘懊惱的,沮喪的’正確。

2.推理判斷題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)‘作者提到的自行車(chē)車(chē)把的反作用,是為了顯示…’。騎特技自行車(chē)的例子在文章第三段。第一句是該段的中心句,然后騎特技自行車(chē)的例子是為了論證這一句,所以答案在中心句找。“Youcanbeencouragedinagoodbookwithinaminute,butgettingnewsoftwarerunningtakesages.你可以在一分鐘內(nèi)讀完一本好書(shū),但讓新軟件運(yùn)行起來(lái)需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?!贝_定C選項(xiàng)‘學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)新的軟件包有多難’。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)‘根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn),軟件包如何變得對(duì)用戶(hù)更容易?’。根據(jù)文章第三段中的最后一句“Howmucheasieritwouldbeiftherearesomestandardstowhichallsoftwarewritersadhered!如果有一些所有軟件作者都遵循的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),那該多容易啊!”確定C選項(xiàng)‘所有軟件作者都遵循一些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。’。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)‘根據(jù)這篇文章,軟件手冊(cè)中最常見(jiàn)的問(wèn)題是什么?’。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的第三句“Butmostassumethatyouarealreadyanexpert,andhavecomplicatedexplanationswhichonlyconfuseandirritateyou.但是大多數(shù)人都認(rèn)為你已經(jīng)是專(zhuān)家了,并且有復(fù)雜的解釋?zhuān)@些解釋只會(huì)讓你困惑和惱怒?!贝_定A選項(xiàng)‘他們的解釋很復(fù)雜,你根本無(wú)法理解’正確。

5.詞匯題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)‘第4段下劃線的“explicit”一詞可能是指…’。“explicit”出現(xiàn)在文章最后一段的第二句話中。該句中與“haveexplicitinstruction”并列的是“withthebeginnerinmind站在初學(xué)者的角度”,而后文中是用but表示相反意思的“Butmostassumethatyouarealreadyanexpert,andhavecomplicatedexplanations但是大部分的使用手冊(cè)都認(rèn)為你是該領(lǐng)域的專(zhuān)業(yè)人員,手冊(cè)中的解釋都非常復(fù)雜”,所以該詞是與‘complicated’詞義相反,B選項(xiàng)‘清楚的’正確。

8.問(wèn)答題

Don’ttouchthosewiresinanycircumstances.(Under)

【答案】Don’ttouchthosewiresunderanycircumstances.

9.單選題

M:Sinceyoudon'tlikeyourboss,whyareyoustillhangingaroundwithhim?

W:I’mnot.Iamgoingtostopfoolingaroundandquit.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Shewillresign.

B.Shewillstopherbosshangingaround.

C.Shewillfiretheman.

D.Shecannotbutstaywiththeboss.

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)女士的話“我不再會(huì)這樣無(wú)所事事下去,我打算辭職。”A選項(xiàng)的resign和題目的quit是一個(gè)意思,正確。

10.單選題

M:Well,whatdidyouthinkofMr.Brokaw’sspeech?

W:IguessitwasOK,butIwasofteninthedarkinmorewaysthanone!

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thespeechwasgivenintheevening.

B.Thewomandidn’tquiteunderstandthespeech.

C.Thewomanwassomewhatinadarkplace.

D.Thewomancouldn’thearthespeechclearly

【答案】B

【解析】對(duì)話中的“inthedark”的引申含義是女士沒(méi)有聽(tīng)懂演講,所以B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Whydoescreamgobadfasterthanbutter?Someresearchersthinktheyhavetheanswer,anditcomesdowntothestructureofthefood,notitschemicalcomposition—afindingthatcouldhelpridsomeprocessedfoodsofchemicalpreservatives.

Creamandbuttercontainprettymuchthesamesubstances,sowhycreamshouldsourmuchfasterhasbeenamystery.Bothareemulsions—tinyglobules(小球體)ofoneliquidevenlydistributedthroughoutanother.Thedifferenceliesinwhat’sintheglobulesandwhat’sinthesurroundingliquid,saysBrocklehurst,wholedtheinvestigation.

Incream,fattyglobulesdriftaboutinaseaofwater.Inbutter,globulesofawaterysolutionarelockedawayinaseaoffat.Thebacteriawhichmakethefoodgobadprefertoliveinthewateryregionsofthemixture.“Thismeansthatincream,thebacteriaarefreetogrowthroughoutthemixture.”Hesays.

Whenthesituationisreversed,thebacteriaarelockedawayincompartmentsburieddeepintheseaoffat.Trappedinthisway,individualcoloniescannotspreadandrapidlyrunoutofnutrients.Theyalsoslowlypoisonthemselveswiththeirwasteproducts.“Inbutter,yougetaself-limitingsystemwhichstopsthehoteliergrowing.”SaysBrocklehurst.

Theresearchersarealreadyworkingwithfoodcompanieskeentoseeiftheirproductscanbemaderesistanttobacterialattackthroughalterationstothefood’sstructure.Brocklehurstbelievesitwillbepossibletomaketheemulsionsusedinsaladcream,forinstance,morelikethatinbutter.Thekeywillbetodothiswhilekeepingthesaladcreamliquidandnotturningitintoasolidlump.

1.ThesignificanceofBrocklehurst’sresearchisthat(

).

2.Accordingtotheresearchers,creamsoursfasterthanbutterbecausebacteria

).

3.AccordingtoBrocklehurst,wecankeepcreamfreshby

).

4.Theword‘‘colonies’’refersto

).

5.Commercialapplicationoftheresearchfindingwillbepossibleifsaladcreamcanbemaderesistanttobacterialattack(

).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.itsuggestedawaytokeepsomefoodsfreshwithoutpreservatives

B.itdiscoveredtinyglobulesinbothcreamandbutter.

C.itrevealedthesecretofhowbacteriamultiplyincreamandbutter.

D.itfoundthatcreamandbuttersharethesamechemicalcomposition

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.aremoreevenlydistributedincream

B.multiplymoreeasilyincreamthaninbutter

C.liveonlessfatincreamthaninbutter

D.producelesswasteincreamthaninbutter

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.removingitsfat

B.killingthebacteria

C.reducingitswatercontent

D.alteringitsstructure

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.tinyglobules

B.bacteriacommunities

C.wateryregions

D.littlecompartment

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.byvaryingitschemicalcomposition

B.byturningitintoasolidhump

C.whilekeepingitsstructureunchanged

D.whileretainingitsliquidform

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段,“Brocklehurst,wholedtheinvestigation.”,可知對(duì)于為什么奶油比黃油壞的問(wèn)題的研究是由Brocklehurst主導(dǎo)的。又根據(jù)文章第一段,“afindingthatcouldhelpridsomeprocessedfoodsofchemicalpreservatives.”,可知對(duì)這一問(wèn)題研究的結(jié)果和發(fā)現(xiàn),有助于幫助去除一些加工食品中的化學(xué)防腐劑??膳袛喑鯞rocklehurst的研究的意義在于提供了一種可以不使用防腐劑而使某些食品保持新鮮的方法。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段,“Incream,fattyglobulesdriftaboutinaseaofwater.Inbutter,globulesofawaterysolutionarelockedawayinaseaoffat.Thebacteriawhichmakethefoodgobadprefertoliveinthewateryregionsofthemixture.”,可知在奶油中,脂肪球在水中漂浮。在黃油中,水樣溶液的小球被鎖在脂肪中。而使食物變壞的細(xì)菌更喜歡生活在混合物的含水區(qū)域??膳袛喑鲈谀逃椭?,細(xì)菌更容易在這種混合物中生存繁殖,所以奶油會(huì)更快變質(zhì)。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段,“Theresearchersarealreadyworkingwithfoodcompanieskeentoseeiftheirproductscanbemaderesistanttobacterialattackthroughalterationstothefood’sstructure.”,可知研究人員已經(jīng)在與食品公司合作,希望能通過(guò)改變食物的結(jié)構(gòu)使其具有抵抗細(xì)菌攻擊的能力??膳袛喑鲅芯空連rocklehurst表示,我們可以通過(guò)改變食物的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)使奶油保險(xiǎn),抵抗細(xì)菌入侵。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段,“Whenthesituationisreversed,thebacteriaarelockedawayincompartmentsburieddeepintheseaoffat.Trappedinthisway,individualcoloniescannotspreadandrapidlyrunoutofnutrients.”,可知當(dāng)情況發(fā)生逆轉(zhuǎn)時(shí),細(xì)菌被鎖在深埋在脂肪海洋中的隔間里。根據(jù)trappedinthisway可判斷出,此句是對(duì)上一句情況的繼續(xù)描述,所以非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)仍然不會(huì)改變,這里的colonies和上文的bacteria是同一事物,都為主語(yǔ)??膳袛喑鯿olonies也是指細(xì)菌。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段,“Brocklehurstbelievesitwillbepossibletomaketheemulsionsusedinsaladcream,forinstance,morelikethatinbutter.Thekeywillbetodothiswhilekeepingthesaladcreamliquidandnotturningitintoasolidlump.”,可知Brocklehurst認(rèn)為將有可能制造出用于沙拉醬中的乳劑,就像用于黃油的乳劑一樣。關(guān)鍵是在保持沙拉醬液體的狀態(tài),而不是變成固體塊??膳袛喑鋈绻苁股忱u在保持液態(tài)的狀態(tài)下能同時(shí)抵抗細(xì)菌的侵襲,那么這項(xiàng)研究成果將有可能用于商業(yè)用途,所以關(guān)鍵在于是要保持液體狀態(tài)。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.單選題

Weneedtobemore(

)totheneedsoftheyoungstudents.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensitive

B.sensational

C.sensory

D.sensible

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。sensitive“敏感的”;sensational“轟動(dòng)的,聳人聽(tīng)聞的”;sensory“感知的,知覺(jué)的”;sensible“明智的,通情達(dá)理的”。句意:我們需要對(duì)青年學(xué)生的需求更加敏感。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

13.單選題

TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld,eventheseasonalchanges,asunpredictable,andtheysought,throughvariousmeans,tocontroltheseunknownandfearfulpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassed,someritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.

Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformances,andwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweenthe“actingarea”andthe“auditorium”.Inaddition,therewereperformers,and,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeingsandmimedthedesiredeffect—successinhuntorballet,thecomingrain,therevivalofthesun—asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.

Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisview,tales(aboutthehunt,war,ofother-feats)aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthataretheimitationofanimalmovementsandsounds.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whataspectofdramadoestheauthordiscussinthefirstparagraph?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacommonelementoftheatreandritual?

4.Theword“considerable”underlinedinparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto“(

)".

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualanddrama?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theoriginsoftheatre.

B.Theroleofritualinmodemdance

C.Theimportanceofstorytelling

D.Thevarietyofearlyreligiousactivities.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thereasondramaisoftenunpredictable.

B.Theseasonsinwhichdramaswereperformed.

C.Theconnectionbetweenmythsanddramaticplots.

D.Theimportanceofcostumesinearlydrama.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Dance.

B.Costumes.

C.Music

D.Magic.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thoughtful

B.substantial

C.relational

D.ceremonial

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Ritualusesmusicwhereasdramadoesnot.

B.Ritualisshorterthandrama.

C.Ritualrequiresfewerperformersthandrama.

D.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)‘這篇文章主要討論什么?’。文章前兩段介紹了一種被廣泛接受的一個(gè)理論,即戲劇是從儀式演變而來(lái)的。在最后一段還介紹了兩種有關(guān)戲劇起源的不同理論,一個(gè)是認(rèn)為戲劇起源于人類(lèi)對(duì)講故事的興趣,另一個(gè)將戲劇的起源追溯到舞蹈。所以全文圍繞著“戲劇的起源”這一主題展開(kāi),A選項(xiàng)‘戲劇的起源’正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)‘作者在第一段中討論了戲劇的哪些方面?’。根據(jù)文章第一段中的最后一句“Astimepassed,someritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.隨著時(shí)間的推移,一些儀式被廢棄了,但這些后來(lái)被稱(chēng)為神話的故事流傳下來(lái),為藝術(shù)和戲劇提供了素材。”確定作者在文章第一段討論了神話和戲劇情節(jié)之間的關(guān)系,所以C選項(xiàng)‘神話和戲劇性情節(jié)之間的聯(lián)系’正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)‘以下哪一項(xiàng)不被提及為戲劇和儀式的共同元素?’。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句“Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.那些相信戲劇是由儀式演變而來(lái)的人也認(rèn)為,這些儀式包含了戲劇的種子,因?yàn)橐魳?lè)、舞蹈、面具和服裝幾乎總是被使用?!贝_定A‘舞蹈’、B‘服裝’和C‘音樂(lè)’都有提及,D選項(xiàng)的“巫術(shù)”沒(méi)有提及,符合題意。

4.詞匯題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)‘第2段下劃線的“considerable”一詞在意義上最接近…’?!癱onsiderable”出現(xiàn)在文章第二段第三句話中,修飾名詞“importance重要性”,句意是‘由于在儀式的制定過(guò)程中避免錯(cuò)誤的發(fā)生受到了……重視,宗教領(lǐng)袖通常承擔(dān)這項(xiàng)任務(wù)?!鶕?jù)“avoidingmistakes避免錯(cuò)誤”以及“religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask通常是宗教領(lǐng)袖來(lái)承擔(dān)該項(xiàng)任務(wù)”可以確定B選項(xiàng)‘大量的’。正確

5.推理判斷題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)‘根據(jù)這篇文章,儀式和戲劇的主要區(qū)別是什么?’。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.那些相信戲劇是由儀式演變而來(lái)的人也認(rèn)為,這些儀式包含了戲劇的種子,因?yàn)橐魳?lè)、舞蹈、面具和服裝幾乎總是被使用?!贝_定A選項(xiàng)‘儀式用音樂(lè),而戲劇不用’不正確。B項(xiàng)“宗教儀式比戲劇短”與C項(xiàng)“宗教儀式相比戲劇有更少的表演者”在文中沒(méi)有提及;根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.最終,這種戲劇性的表現(xiàn)形式從宗教活動(dòng)中分離了出來(lái)?!贝_定D項(xiàng)“宗教儀式有一個(gè)宗教目的,而戲劇沒(méi)有”正確。

14.單選題

ParliamentaryleadersfailedtounderstandtheAmericancolonist.TheythoughttheAmericanwouldbuythecheap,legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.

InSeptember,1773,theEastIndiaCompanyPlannedtoship500,000poundsofteatotheirAmericanagentsinportsalongtheAtlanticcoast.WhenthecolonistslearnedabouttheEastIndiaCompany’splan,localteamerchantsinAmericanportsfromSouthCarolinatoMainetookstepstomeetthisattempttodrivethemoutofbusiness.TheBoltonTeaPartywasthemostviolentofthesesteps.Followingthisactofrebellion,GovernorHutchinsoncalledit“theboldeststrokewhichhadbeenstruckinAmerica.”

Parliamentrespondedtothisactofdefiancein1774bypassingaseriesofactsknownastheCoerciveActs.TheyweredesignedtopunishBostonandtoshowcoloniststhroughoutAmericathatEnglandwouldnottoleratesuchresistancetoitsauthority.

1.Accordingtothepassage,parliamentaryleaders(

).

2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat

).

3.WhatwastheCoerciveActs?

4.WhatdidtheAmericansdowhentheEastIndiaCompanyplannedtoshipthousandsofpoundsofteatoAmerica?

5.Theword“smuggled”mostlikelymeans(

).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.importedteafromSouthCarolina

B.weregreatteadrinkers

C.misjudgedtheAmericancolonist

D.fearedthattheywouldhavetobuycheaptea

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theAmericanswantedtobuyteafromHolland

B.teainHollandwascheaperthanthatinEngland

C.thecrowdwasgrowingmorepatient

D.theAmericansagreedtotheimpositionofthetax

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheyweredesignedtohelppaythecostofprotectingthecoloniesfromtheIndians.

B.TheyweretopermittheEastIndiaCompanytoshipteadirectlytoAmericanports

C.Theywereaseriesofactsknownasthetaxontea

D.TheyweredesignedtoshowAmericansthatEnglandwouldnotbepatientwiththeirresistance

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theytriedtodrivethemoutofbusiness

B.TheymedtowelcometheteamerchantsfromtheEastIndiaCompany

C.Theywaitedforthemeetingtodiscussthetaxontea.

D.Theytriedtoacceptportdutiesonimports.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.togetridof

B.tomakeunabletogetair

C.oortakesth.outofacountrywithoutpaymentoflegalduties

D.tobreakintopiecewithviolenceandnoise

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段,“ParliamentaryleadersfailedtounderstandtheAmericancolonist.”,可知議會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人未能了解美國(guó)殖民者。下文就用具體事例說(shuō)明,他們誤以為這些北美殖民者們會(huì)購(gòu)買(mǎi)東印度公司更加便宜的茶葉。可判斷出議會(huì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人錯(cuò)誤地判斷了美國(guó)殖民者的意圖和行為。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句,“TheythoughttheAmericanwouldbuythecheap,legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.”,可知他們認(rèn)為美國(guó)人會(huì)買(mǎi)便宜合法的東印度公司的茶葉,而不是購(gòu)買(mǎi)從荷蘭走私來(lái)的更貴的茶葉??膳袛喑雒绹?guó)人更愿意從荷蘭購(gòu)買(mǎi)茶葉。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段,“TheyweredesignedtopunishBostonandtoshowcoloniststhroughoutAmericathatEnglandwouldnottoleratesuchresistancetoitsauthority.”,可知他們制定這一系列強(qiáng)制性法案的目的是懲罰波士頓,并向美洲各地的殖民者表明,英國(guó)不會(huì)容忍這種對(duì)其權(quán)威的反抗??膳袛喑鲋贫ù朔ò傅哪康膶?shí)際上是向美國(guó)人表明,英國(guó)不會(huì)容忍他們的反抗。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段,“WhenthecolonistslearnedabouttheEastIndiaCompany’splan,localteamerchantsinAmericanportsfromSouthCarolinatoMainetookstepstomeetthisattempttodrivethemoutofbusiness.”,可知當(dāng)殖民者得知東印度公司的計(jì)劃時(shí),從南卡羅來(lái)納到緬因州的美國(guó)港口的當(dāng)?shù)夭枞~商人采取一系列措施使他們破產(chǎn)??膳袛喑霎?dāng)東印度公司計(jì)劃向美國(guó)運(yùn)送數(shù)千磅茶葉時(shí),美國(guó)人企圖采取措施讓他們破產(chǎn)。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句,“…legalEastIndiaCompanytearatherthanthemoreexpensivesmuggledteafromHolland.”,可知美國(guó)人購(gòu)買(mǎi)從荷蘭走私的更貴的茶葉,而不是合法的東印度公司的茶葉,句子中l(wèi)egal和smuggled形成對(duì)比,可知smuggled的意思為“走私的”,可將smuggle解釋為將某物輸入或輸出一個(gè)國(guó)家而不需要支付合法稅款。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

15.單選題

W:Wouldyoumindsendingchampagneandstrawberriestomyroomat1a.m.please?

M:I’lltry,ma’am.ButonWednesdaythekitchenstaffleaveatmidnight.

Q:Whatisthewomandoing?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Askingforhelp.

B.Makingarequest.

C.Makingasuggestion.

D.Orderingfood.

【答案】D

【解析】對(duì)話中,女士需要男士在凌晨1點(diǎn)將香檳和草莓送到她的房間,而男士表示廚房工作人員在周三的午夜時(shí)分都下班了。確定D選項(xiàng)‘訂購(gòu)食物’正確。

16.問(wèn)答題

Themanagerhasaskedmetoconsiderthisproposalcarefully,(consideration)

【答案】Themanagerhasaskedmetotakethisproposalintoconsiderationcarefully.

17.單選題

Happy()theywere,therewassomethingmissing.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.though

B.which

C.as

D.since

【答案】C

【解析】though雖然;which哪個(gè);as像,如;盡管;雖然;since自從。句意:盡管他們是快樂(lè)的,但總?cè)鄙傩┦裁?。句子之間有一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,though一般放在句子句首,as表示讓步時(shí),采用倒裝句式,表語(yǔ)一般放在從句之首,故C選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Hewasaccompaniedbyhisfaithfulfriendandsecretary,Mr.WilliamMinns,(

).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.withoutwhomhenevertravelled

B.withoutwhohenevertravelled

C.withouthimhenevertravelled

D.henevertravelledwithouthim

【答案】A

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和選項(xiàng),可知空格中填入非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,可由介詞without+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo),who和him不能用作關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,選項(xiàng)B和C可排除。句意:他忠實(shí)的朋友兼秘書(shū)威廉?明斯先生,沒(méi)有他經(jīng)常陪同著他,每次旅游都會(huì)和他一起。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

19.單選題

Thosepeople(

)ageneralunderstandingofthepresentsituation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lackof

B.arelackingof

C.lack

D.areinlack

【答案】C

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu),可知空格中填入謂語(yǔ),因?yàn)閘ack為及物動(dòng)詞,其后接賓語(yǔ)無(wú)需用介詞,選項(xiàng)A和B可排除。又因?yàn)楣潭ù钆鋓nlackof“缺少,缺乏”,選項(xiàng)D可排除。句意:這些人缺乏對(duì)目前形勢(shì)的基本了解。根據(jù)排除法,選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

20.單選題

Robotshavefreedthemanfrommuchboringwork;(

)theyprotectmanfrombeingharmedbysomedangerouswork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thus

B.so

C.however

D.moreover

【答案】D

【解析】副詞詞義辨析。thus“因此”;so“所以”;however“然而”;moreover“而且,此外”。根據(jù)句子意思,可判斷出前后兩句存在遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,所以選用moreover表遞進(jìn)。句意:機(jī)器人不僅可以使人類(lèi)從無(wú)聊的工作中解脫出來(lái),而且能夠保護(hù)人們免遭一些危險(xiǎn)工作的傷害。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

21.單選題

Peter,whohadbeendrivingallday,suggested(

)atthenexttown.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tostop

B.stopping

C.stop

D.havingstopped

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配題。suggestdoingsth.為固定用法,表示“建議做某事”,B選項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Aninterestingtheoryineconomicsis(1)bytheHeadManofasmallmountaintribe.Itseemsthatthistribewasverygoodatmakingstrawmatsthathadgreatsales

(2)

inthe

(3)

market.TherepresentativeofanAmericancompanywenttovisitthetribeandtriedtomakeagoodbusinessdeal.He

(4)

totheHeadManand

(5)

thathiscompanywouldliketo

(6)

severalthousandpieces.

Undoubtedly,hesaid,thebusiness

(7)

wouldbe

(8)

tothetribe.Aftersomethoughts,theHeadMan

(9)

,butannouncedthatthepriceperpiecewouldbe

(10)

insucha

(11)

orderthanitwouldbeif

(12)

asmallorderwereplaced.Therepresentativewas

(13)

thanalittleshocked

(14)

thebusinesssenseoftheHeadMan,

(15)

insistedthatthepriceshouldbe

(16)becauseofthelargevolume,and

(17)

nothigher.No,repliedtheheadofthetribe

(18)

.Butwhynot?askedtheAmerican.Because

(19)

issotiresometomakethe

(20)

articleoverandover,answeredtheHeadMan.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.illustrated

B.appreciated

C.demonstrated

D.anticipated

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.capacity

B.potential

C.ability

D.fortune

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.straw

B.global

C.world

D.earth

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.addressed

B.spoke

C.asked

D.told

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.declared

B.confirmed

C.demanded

D.gestured

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.order

B.sell

C.dispose

D.make

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.treaty

B.pact

C.matter

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