2022年考研考博-考博英語-北京航空航天大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)18

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-北京航空航天大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Thelocalgovernmenthas（）thelandownerstofishthesewaters.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transformed

B.ransferred

C.licensed

D.allocated

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)?shù)卣呀?jīng)（）地主在河里釣魚。transformed轉(zhuǎn)變；transferred移動(dòng)、轉(zhuǎn)移；licensed許可；allocated分配。故選C。

2.單選題

We（）thathecannotfinishtheworkbeforeJune15.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prosecute

B.meddle

C.presume

D.mingle

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我們他不能在六月十五號(hào)之前完成工作。prosecute起訴；meddle干涉；presume假設(shè)，認(rèn)為；mingle使混合，與……交往。因此，C項(xiàng)符合句意。

3.單選題

Childhoodmemoirsoftengaintheirpoignancythroughasenseofdisplacement:eachlessonisaccompaniedbyalossof（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.perspective

B.innocence

C.permission

D.veracity

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：童年記憶經(jīng)常由于取代感而更加哀傷，每一次教訓(xùn)都伴隨著

的丟失。

perspective洞察力，看法；innocence純潔，純真；permission允許，許可；veracity誠實(shí)，真實(shí)。故選B。

4.單選題

Mr.Smithbecamevery（）whenitwassuggestedthathehadmadeamistake.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ingenious

B.empirical

C.objective

D.indignant

【答案】D

【解析】D選項(xiàng)indignant意為“憤慨的”。句意：當(dāng)被指出犯了錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候，史密斯先生變得非常（），應(yīng)選D。A選項(xiàng)ingenious聰明的；B選項(xiàng)empirical經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的；C選項(xiàng)objective客觀的；D選項(xiàng)indignant憤慨的。D選項(xiàng)indignant符合句意。

5.單選題

Ashasalwaysbeenthecasewhentragedyhasstruckourcommunity,thepeopleofourtownfeeltheobligation,andrightlyso,to（）insupportofthevictimandhisfamily.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.entrench

B.rally

C.disseminate

D.apologize

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。句意：當(dāng)社會(huì)內(nèi)有悲劇事情發(fā)生時(shí)，我們鎮(zhèn)的居民感到有義務(wù)，（）以支持受害者和他的家人。entrench保衛(wèi)、防護(hù)；rally重整、團(tuán)結(jié)；disseminate散播、宣傳；apologizes道歉。B項(xiàng)rallyin意為“舉行集會(huì)”符合句意。

6.單選題

Althoughmostdreamsapparentlyhappen（）,dreamactivitymaybeprovokedbyexternalinfluences.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spontaneously

B.simultaneously

C.homogeneously

D.instantaneously

【答案】A

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：盡管大多數(shù)的夢(mèng)明顯是（）出現(xiàn)的，夢(mèng)境活動(dòng)也可能受到外界的影響。

spontaneously自然地，不由自主地；simultaneously同時(shí)地；homogeneously同樣地；instantaneously即刻，突如其來地。因此，A項(xiàng)spontaneously符合句意。

7.單選題

Ingeneral,matterswhichlieentirelywithinstatebordersarethe（）concernofstategov-ernments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extinct

B.excluding

C.excessive

D.exclusive

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：一般來說，國家邊境問題是政府關(guān)心的問題。

extinct滅絕的；excluding除……外，不包括；excessive過度的，過分的；exclusive獨(dú)有的，專一的。

D項(xiàng)exclusive獨(dú)有的，專一的符合句意，在這里表示“專門的，特別的”。

8.單選題

Emailisaconvenient,highlydemocraticinformalmediumforconveyingmessages

that（）welltohumanneeds.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adheres

B.conforms

C.satisfies

D.reflects

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。adheres堅(jiān)持，黏附；conforms符合；satisfies滿足，使?jié)M意；reflects反射，考慮。句意：電子郵件是方便的、高度大眾化的用于傳遞信息的非正式媒介，它（）人們的需求。從語義上來說，B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)都可以,但是satisfy是及物動(dòng)詞，排除。conformto意為“符合，遵照，順應(yīng)”，因此正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

Insomeculturestheessenceofmagicisitstraditionalintegrity;itcanbeefficientonlyifithasbeen（）withoutlossfromprimevaltimestothepresentpractitioner.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aggrandized

B.realized

C.transmitted

D.manipulated

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：在某些文化中魔術(shù)的本質(zhì)是其傳統(tǒng)的完整性；只有當(dāng)它從遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代毫發(fā)無損地

到今天的從業(yè)人員手中時(shí)它才是有效的。

aggrandized夸大；realized實(shí)現(xiàn)；transmitted傳輸，傳送；manipulated操作。選項(xiàng)C“傳輸，傳送”符合句意，在此意為“傳承”。

10.單選題

Recentlyanumberofcaseshavebeenreportedofyoungchildren（）aviolentactprevi-ouslyseenontelevision.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.modifying

B.duplicating

C.accelerating

D.stimulating

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：最近報(bào)道了很多案例：孩子們總是以前在電視上見過的暴力行為。modify修改，修飾；duplicate復(fù)制，重復(fù)；accelerate加速，促進(jìn)；stimulate刺激。B項(xiàng)duplicate在此可譯為“模仿”。

11.單選題

Recentresearchhasclaimedthatanexcessofpositiveionsintheaircanhaveanilleffectonpeople’sphysicalorpsychologicalhealth.Whatarepositiveions?Well,theairisfullofions,electri-callychargedparticles,andgenerallythereisaroughbalancebetweenthepositiveandthenegativecharged.Butsometimesthisbalancebecomesdisturbedandalargerproportionofpositiveionsarefound.Thishappensnaturallybeforethunderstorm,earthquakeswhenwindssuchastheMistral,HamsinorSharavareblowingincertaincountries.Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelec-tricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibers,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsorcom-puterdisplayscreens.

Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresent,intheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue，irritability,andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernauseaorevenmentaldisturbance.Animalsarealsoaffected,particularlybeforeearthquakes,snakeshavebeenobservedtocomeoutofhibernation,ratstofleefromtheirburrows,dogshowlandcatsjumpabout

unaccountably.ThishasledtheU.S.GeographicalSurveytofundanetwork,ofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinanefforttoforeseesuchdisastersbeforetheyhitvulnerableareassuchasCalifornia.

Conversely,whenlargenumbersofnegativeionsarepresent,thenpeoplehaveafeelingofwell-being.Naturalconditionsthatproducetheselargeamountsarenearthesea,closetowaterfallsorfountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsaspray.Thisprobablyaccountsforthebeneficialeffectofaholidaybythesea,orinthemountainswithtumblingstreamsorwaterfalls.

Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers:smallportablemachines,whichgeneratenegativeions.Theyclaimthationizersnotonlycleanandrefreshtheairbutalsoimprovethehealthofpeoplesensitivetoexcesspositiveions.Ofcourse,therearethedetractors,otherscientists,whodismisssuchclaimsandareskepticalaboutnegative/posi-tiveionresearch.Thereforepeoplecanonlymakeuptheirownmindsbyobservingtheeffectson

themselves,oronothers，ofanegativerichorpoorenvironment.Afterallitisdebatablewhetherde-pendingonseismicreadingstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat.

1.Whateffectdoesexceedingpositiveionizationhaveonsomepeople?

2.Inaccordancewiththepassage,staticelectricitycanbecausedby（）.

3.Ahighnegativeioncountislikelytobefound（）.

4.Whatkindofmachinecangeneratenegativeionsindoors?

5.Accordingtothepassage,somescientistsbelievethat（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theythinktheyareinsane.

B.Theybecomeratherbad-tempered.

C.Theybecomeviolentlysick.

D.Theyaretootiredtodoanything.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.usinghome-madegoods

B.wearingclothesmadeofnaturalmaterials

C.walkingoncarpets

D.cleaningcomputerscreens

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.nearaparkinglot

B.closetoaslow-flowingriver

C.insomebarrenmountains

D.byarotatingwatersprinkler

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Ionizers.

B.Air-conditioners.

C.Exhaust-fans.

D.Vacuumpumps.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.watchinganimalstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethandependingonseismography

B.theunusualbehaviorofanimalscannotbeexplained

C.neitherwatchingnorusingseismographsisreliable

D.earthquakecannotbepredicted

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段指出：Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresent,intheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue,irritability,andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernauseaorevenmentaldisturbance.因此，B項(xiàng)“人會(huì)變得易怒”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“staticelectricity”定位至第一段：Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelectricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibers,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsorcom-puterdisplayscreens（也可能是由于室內(nèi)地毯或人造纖維制成的衣服或電視機(jī)、復(fù)印機(jī)或電腦顯示屏產(chǎn)生的靜電積聚所致）。因此C選項(xiàng)“在地毯上行走”是靜電產(chǎn)生的原因之一。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“negativeion”定位至第三段：Naturalconditionsthatproducetheselargeamountsarenearthesea,closetowaterfallsorfountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsaspray（產(chǎn)生這些大量負(fù)離子的自然條件是靠近大海，靠近瀑布或噴泉，或在噴灑水的任何地方，或形成噴霧劑）,因此D項(xiàng)“通過旋轉(zhuǎn)灑水車”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“negativeionsindoors”定位至最后一段：Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers.由此可知，ionizers（離子發(fā)生器）可以制造室內(nèi)負(fù)離子。A項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段指出：Afterallitisdebatablewhetherdependingonseismicreadingstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat（依靠地震知識(shí)預(yù)測(cè)地震是否比觀察貓更有效還存在爭(zhēng)議）,因此A項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Hisideasareinvariablycondemnedas（）byhiscolleagues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imaginative

B.ingenious

C.impractical

D.theoretical

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他的想法總是被同事們認(rèn)為（）。condemn意為“譴責(zé)，反對(duì)”，表明其后的形容詞應(yīng)為貶義詞。A選項(xiàng)imaginative想象的，虛構(gòu)的；B選項(xiàng)ingenious聰明的，精巧的；C選項(xiàng)impractical不切實(shí)際的，不實(shí)用的；D選項(xiàng)theoretical理論上的。C選項(xiàng)impractical符合句意和邏輯。

13.單選題

Mrs.Greenreceivedan（）letterthreateningtoexposeherprivatelifeifsherefusedtopay$10,000.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anonymous

B.apparent

C.arbitrary

D.artificial

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：格林太太收到了一封匿名信，威脅說如果她拒絕支付10000美元，就要揭露她的私生活。因此選A。

14.單選題

Thisrestaurantisfrequently（）bytouristsbecauseofitsfamouscooking.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.patronized

B.serviced

C.attended

D.utilized

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：旅客經(jīng)常

這家餐館，因?yàn)檫@里的烹飪很有名。patronized光顧；serviced為……服務(wù)；attended參加，出席；utilized利用。故選A。

15.單選題

Thetownplanningcommissionsaidthattheirfinancial（）forthenextfiscal

yearwasoptimistic;theyexpectincreasedtaxrevenues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.outlook

B.oversight

C.notion

D.subject

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：城市規(guī)劃委員會(huì)表示，他們對(duì)下一個(gè)財(cái)政年度的財(cái)務(wù)前景持樂觀態(tài)度；他們預(yù)計(jì)稅收會(huì)增加。

16.單選題

Manyreportedthatthegeneralmilitarymessagetheyreceivedwasthat,asnurses,theywereex-pectedtobe（）strong.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.empirically

B.eminently

C.emulously

D.emotionally

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：許多人聲稱，他們收到的一般軍事信息是，作為護(hù)士，他們應(yīng)該在堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。empirically憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)地，經(jīng)驗(yàn)為主地；eminently突出地，顯著地；emulously好勝地，

競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性地；emotionally感情上，心理上。因此，D項(xiàng)符合句意。

17.單選題

Atpresent,itisnotpossibletoconfirmortorefutethesuggestionthatthereisacausalrelationshipbetweentheamountoffatweeatandthe（）ofheartattacks.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.incidence

B.impetus

C.rupture

D.emergence

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。incidence發(fā)生率；impetus動(dòng)力；rupture破裂，絕交；emergence出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生。句意：脂肪的攝入量和心臟病的

有所關(guān)聯(lián)，目前對(duì)這種說法既不能肯定也無法反駁。A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

18.單選題

MorethantwohundredyearsagotheUnitedStates（）fromtheBritishEmpireandbecameallindependentcountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gotoff

B.pulleddown

C.brokeaway

D.dropoff

【答案】C

【解析】短語辨析。句意：200多年以前，美國從大英帝國中出來，成為完全獨(dú)立的國家。getoff下來；pulldown推翻；breakaway脫離；dropoff減少。因此，C項(xiàng)符合句意。

19.單選題

Eachworkday,theworkersfollowedthesameschedulesandrarely（）fromthisroutine.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deviated

B.disconnected

C.detached

D.distorted

【答案】A

【解析】句意：每個(gè)工作日，工人們遵循著同樣的日程表，很少常規(guī)。A選項(xiàng)deviated脫離，偏離；B選項(xiàng)disconnected切斷；拆開；C選項(xiàng)detached分離，拆開；D選項(xiàng)distorted歪曲，扭曲，deviatefrom意為“背離，偏離”，應(yīng)選A。

20.單選題

Havinghadherasaprofessorandadviser,Icantellyouthatsheisan（）forcewhopushesherstudentstoexcelfarbeyondtheirownexpectations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspirational

B.educational

C.excessive

D.instantaneous

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。inspirational鼓舞人心的；educational教育的；excessive過度的；instantaneous即刻的。句意是：由于她是我的教授兼指導(dǎo)老師，不妨告訴你，她具有一種（

）力量，激發(fā)著她的學(xué)生超越自我的期望。因此，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

21.單選題

Thelanguagebarriermadecommunicationdifficult,butfinally，partofmymes-

sage（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.passedaway

B.wentover

C.cameup

D.gotthrough

【答案】D

【解析】短語辨析。passedaway去世；wentover重溫，仔細(xì)檢查；cameup發(fā)生，接近；gotthrough使理解，向講清楚。句意：語言障礙使溝通很困難，但我的一部分想法最終還是被（）了。因此D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

22.單選題

Theyhadafierce（）astowhethertheircompanyshouldrestorethetraderelationship

whichwasbrokenyearsago.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.debate

B.clash

C.disagreement

D.contest

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：關(guān)于公司是否應(yīng)該恢復(fù)數(shù)年前破裂的貿(mào)易關(guān)系，他們進(jìn)行了一場(chǎng)激烈的

。

debate討論，辯論；clash爭(zhēng)論；disagreement分歧；contest競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。因此，A項(xiàng)符合句意。

23.單選題

Upuntilthattime,hisinteresthadfocusedalmost（）onfullymasteringthe

skillsandtechniquesofhiscraft.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.restrictively

B.radically

C.inclusively

D.exclusively

【答案】D

【解析】句意：直到那個(gè)時(shí)候，他的興趣幾乎只（）充分地掌握職業(yè)的技能和技巧。再根據(jù)題干中almost和fully，可知他只關(guān)注掌握他的職業(yè)的技能和技巧。A選項(xiàng)restrictively限制性地；B選項(xiàng)radically根本地，徹底地；C選項(xiàng)inclusively包含地；D選項(xiàng)exclusively專有地；排外地。

24.單選題

Althoughthemodellooksgoodonthesurface,itwillnotbearclose（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.temperament

B.contamination

C.scrutiny

D.symmetry

【答案】C

【解析】句意：盡管這個(gè)模特表面上看起來很漂亮，可（）就不行了。A選項(xiàng)temperament性格，氣質(zhì)；B選項(xiàng)contamination污染；C選項(xiàng)scrutiny細(xì)看；仔細(xì)觀察；D選項(xiàng)symmetry對(duì)稱。itwillnotbearclosescrutiny意為“細(xì)看就不行了”。

25.單選題

Thenewsitemaboutthefireisfollowedbyadetailedreportmade（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.onthelocation

B.onthesite

C.onthespot

D.ontheground

【答案】C

【解析】短語辨析。句意：火災(zāi)的新聞之后是一份詳細(xì)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)報(bào)告。因此選C。

26.單選題

Perfectcertaintybelongsonlytothegods；therestofushavetomakedowithscienceandits（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imperfections

B.conclusions

C.methodologies

D.hyperbole

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：完美只屬于上帝，其余的我們必須用科學(xué)彌補(bǔ)。imperfections不完美；conclusions結(jié)論；methodologies方法論；hyperbole夸張。故選A。

27.單選題

TheexpeditionhasleftfortheAndesandthereisno（）whenitwillreturn.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.informing

B.reporting

C.knowing

D.advising

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)已出發(fā)前往安第斯山脈，但沒有通知何時(shí)返回。故選A。

28.單選題

Thoughsometimes（）alltoooftentechnologyisseenasapanaceaforthegreateconomic,social,andpoliticalchallengesfacingthenationasitembarksonthepathofmodernization.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.expensive

B.effective

C.ignored

D.calamitous

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：盡管技術(shù)有時(shí)（），但常常被視為應(yīng)對(duì)高速經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和現(xiàn)代化道路中面臨

的政治挑戰(zhàn)的靈丹妙藥。expensive昂貴的；effective有效的；ignored被忽視的；calamitous災(zāi)難的。因此，C項(xiàng)符合句意。

29.單選題

Acontroversyeruptedinthescientificcommunityinearly1998overtheuseofDNA(deoxyribo-nucleicacid)fingerprintingincriminalinvestigations.DNAfingerprintingwasintroducedin1987asamethodtoidentifyindividualsbasedonapatternseenintheirDNA,themoleculeofwhichgenearemade.DNAispresentineverycellofthebodyexceptredbloodcells.DNAfingerprintinghasbeenusedsuccessfullyinvariousways,suchastodeterminepaternitywhereitisnotclearwhothefa-therofaparticularchildis.However,itisintheareaofcriminalinvestigationsthatDNAfingerprint-inghaspotentiallypowerfulandcontroversialuses.

DNAfingerprintingandotherDNAanalysistechniqueshaverevolutionizedcriminalinvestigationsbygivinginvestigatorspowerfulnewtoolsintheattempttoproveguilt,notjustestablishinnocence.Whenusedincriminalinvestigations,aDNAfingerprintpatternfromasuspectiscomparedwithaDNAfingerprintpatternobtainedfromsuchmaterialashairsorbloodfoundatthesceneofacrime.AmatchbetweenthetwoDNAsamplescanbeusedasevidencetoconvictasuspect.

Thecontroversyin1998stemmedfromareportpublishedinDecember1991bypopulationgenet-icistsRichardC.LewontinofHarvardUniversityinCambridge,Mass.,andDanielL.HartlcalledintoquestionthemethodstocalculatehowlikelyitisthatamatchbetweentwoDNAfingerprintsmightoccurbychancealone.Inparticular,theyarguedthatthecurrentmethodcannotproperlyde-terminethelikelihoodthattwoDNAsampleswillmatchbecausetheycamefromthesameindividualratherthansimplyfromtwodifferentindividualswhoaremembersofthesameethnicgroup.LewontinandHartlcalledforbettersurveysofDNApatternsmethodsareadequate.

Inresponsetotheircriticisms,populationgeneticistsRanajitChakrabortyoftheUniversityofTexasinDallasandKennethK.KiddofYaleUniversityinNewHaven,Conn.,arguedthatenoughdataarealreadyavailabletoshowthatthemethodscurrentlybeingusedareadequate.InJanuary1998,however,theFederalBureauofInvestigationandlaboratoriesthatconductDNAtestsan-nouncedthattheywouldcollectadditionalDNAsamplesfromvariousethnicgroupsinanattempttoresolvesomeofthesequestions.And,inApril,aNationalAcademyofSciencescalledforstrictstandardsandsystemofaccreditationforDNAtestinglaboratories.

1.BeforeDNAfingerprintingisused,suspects（）.

2.DNAfingerprintingcanbeunreliablewhen（）.

3.TogeneticistslikeLewontinandHartl,thecurrentmethod（）.

4.TheattitudeoftheFederalBureauofInvestigationshowsthat（）.

5.NationalAcademyofSciencesholdsthestancethat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldhavetoleavetheirfingerprintsforfurtherinvestigations

B.wouldhavetosubmitevidencefortheirinnocence

C.couldeasilyescapeconvictionofguilt

D.couldbeconvictedofguiltaswell

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.themethodsusedforblood-cellcalculationarenotaccurate

B.twodifferentindividualsofthesameethnicgroupmayhavethesameDNAfingerprintingpat-tern

C.amatchisbychanceleftwithfingerprintsthathappentobelongtotwodifferentindividuals

D.twodifferentindividualsleavetwoDNAsamples

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.isnotsoconvincingastoexcludethelikelihoodthattwoDNAsamplescannevercomefromtwoindividuals

B.isarguablebecausetwoindividualsofthesameethnicgrouparelikelytohavethesameDNApattern

C.isnotbasedonadequatescientifictheoryofgenetics

D.istheoreticallycontradictorytowhattheyhavebeenstudying

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.enoughdataareyettobecollectedfromvariousethnicgroupstoconfirmtheunlikelihoodoftwoDNAsamplescomingfromtwoindividualmembers

B.enoughdataofDNAsamplesshouldbecollectedtoconfirmthatonlyDNAsamplesfromthesamepersoncanmatch

C.enoughdataareyettobecollectedfromvariousethnicgroupstodeterminethelikelihoodoftwodifferentDNAsamplescomingfromthesameperson

D.additionalsamplesfromvariousethnicgroupsshouldbecollectedtodeterminethattwoDNAsamplesareunlikelytocomefromthesameperson

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.DNAtestingshouldbesystematized

B.onlyauthorizedlaboratoriescanconductDNAtesting

C.theacademyonlyisauthorizedtoworkoutstandardsfortesting

D.theacademyhastherighttoaccreditlaboratoriesforDNAtesting

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.此句考查定語從句，空格處應(yīng)填入關(guān)系代詞，而先行詞是zoologists，因此，正確答案為“who”，C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.句意為：牛津大學(xué)的動(dòng)物學(xué)家在對(duì)信鴿進(jìn)行了18個(gè)月的后，得出了結(jié)論，選項(xiàng)D“study”符合句意。

3.此處需要結(jié)合文章倒數(shù)第三句“Thescientistsconcludedthatpigeonsuseafamiliarvisuallandmarks（科學(xué)家得出結(jié)論，鴿子使用一種熟悉的視覺標(biāo)志物）。因此此處選項(xiàng)B“familiar”正確。

4.本句句意：鴿子會(huì)通過熟悉的地標(biāo)按原路返回家里，以最短的距離直線飛回家。這里D選項(xiàng)“ratherthan”是固定搭配，表示“而不是”。

5.此處句意為：鴿子因其長(zhǎng)距離的導(dǎo)航能力而，選項(xiàng)C“known”與“for”搭配表示“因……聞名”，其他選項(xiàng)都不能與介詞for搭配使用，故選項(xiàng)C正確。

6.空格處句意：信鴿利用太陽和星星的、它們的內(nèi)置羅盤以及嗅覺來辨識(shí)方向。故C選項(xiàng)“position”符合句意。

7.根據(jù)空后的“oronajourney”判斷，此處應(yīng)填入與“journey”并列平行的單詞。因此選項(xiàng)B“distance”正確。

8.空格后分句句意：不同的因素會(huì)影響鴿子的航行，因此此處是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，雖然C選項(xiàng)“otherwise”也有轉(zhuǎn)折的意思，但其后不跟逗號(hào)，故選項(xiàng)B“however”正確。

9.空格處句意：當(dāng)信鴿被放飛到離家近的地方時(shí)，它的導(dǎo)航能力似乎會(huì)受到不同因素的影響。因此此處應(yīng)選擇A項(xiàng)“when”，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。

10.空格處句意為：當(dāng)信鴿被放飛到離近的地方時(shí)，它的導(dǎo)航能力似乎會(huì)受到不同因素的影響。因此此處應(yīng)填C項(xiàng)home。

11.此處句意為：通過給信鴿安裝小型全球定位裝置，將它們放到離家?guī)坠锏牡胤阶鰧?shí)驗(yàn)，動(dòng)物行為學(xué)家由此得出了。選項(xiàng)C“conclusion”符合句意。

12.句意：給信鴿安裝全球定位裝置是用來信鴿的飛行位置的，選項(xiàng)D“record”符合句意。

13.此處表達(dá)的是：實(shí)驗(yàn)應(yīng)該對(duì)每一只信鴿每一次飛行過程中的每一秒進(jìn)行記錄，并且由“everysecond”推斷，此處為“per”。

14.此處句意為：在起點(diǎn)進(jìn)行放飛實(shí)驗(yàn)，選項(xiàng)A“same”符合句意。

15.此處句意為：最初的幾次放飛實(shí)驗(yàn)，信鴿的返回路徑與放飛路徑，選項(xiàng)B“varied”符合句意。

16.“takeoff”為固定搭配，表示“起飛”。

17.空格前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

18.“flightafterflight”為固定搭配，表示“成群的”。

19.“achainof”修飾后面的“l(fā)andmarks”表示“一連串路標(biāo)”。

20.句意：在信鴿返回的途中，高速公路就是。B項(xiàng)“such”正確。

30.單選題

Ananalysisoftheideasinthenovelcompelsananalysisoftheformofthework,particularlywhenformandcontentareas（）astheyareinTheHouseoftheSevenGables.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.symptomatic

B.delineated

C.integrated

D.conspicuous

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：對(duì)小說理念的分析使人不得不分析作品的形式，特別是當(dāng)形式和內(nèi)容像它們?cè)凇秲凑呓菢恰防镆粯樱ǎ┑臅r(shí)候。

symptomatic有癥狀的，癥候的；delineated描繪；integrated綜合的，相互協(xié)調(diào)的；conspicuous顯著的，明顯的。選項(xiàng)C“相互協(xié)調(diào)的”符合題意。

31.寫作題

Directions:“Thepurposeofeducationshouldbetocreateanacademicenvironmentthatisseparatefromtheoutsideworld.Thiskindofenvironmentisidealbecauseitallowsstudentstofocusonimportantideaswithoutbeingheldbackbypracticalconcerns.”Doyouagreeordisagreewiththisstatement?Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordstoexplainyouropinionsonthisissue.

【答案】

ThePurposeofEducation32.單選題

Attheageof40,hehadalready（）agreatfortunethroughsuccessfulfinancial

dealings.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pierced

B.assessed

C.amassed

D.agitated

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：在40歲的時(shí)候，他已經(jīng)通過成功的金融交易積累了大量財(cái)富。因此選C。

33.單選題

Heistheauthorofthisnovelwithhigh（）inthecountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.coherence

B.prestige

C.consequence

D.commitment

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：他是這本小說的作者，在這個(gè)國家有很高的（）。coherence統(tǒng)一，連貫性；prestige聲望，名望；consequence結(jié)果，推論，重要性；commitment承諾，委托。因此，B項(xiàng)符合句意。

34.單選題

TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventu-allybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning450-1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftheewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughouturope.ScholarsandartistsofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearninganddealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohu-man—asopposedtospiritual—values.Fulfillmentinlife—asopposedtoconcernaboutanafter-life—becameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingtheleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellaseligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.

ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed，experienced,discussed,anddis-seminated.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonuments,sculptures,plays,andpoemsthatwerebe-ingrediscovered,buttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusic—althoughtheycouldreadthewrit-ingsofclassicalphilosophers,poets,essayists,andmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandlit-erature.

ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf—thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthinkersoftheRenaissancewereseekingarebirthof().

3.Accordingtothepassage,RenaissanceartistsandwritershadallofthefollowingintentionsEX-CEPT().

4.Theword“disseminated”inline16isclosestinmeaningto()

5.WhichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasareasonfortheabsenceofasingleRenais-sancemusicalstyle?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ThemusicalcompositionsthatbestillustratethedevelopmentsduringtheEuropeanRenais-sance.

B.ThemusicaltechniquesthatwereinuseduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.

C.TheEuropeanRenaissanceasaculturaldevelopmentthatincludedchangesinmusicalstyle.

D.TheancientGreekandRomanmusicalpracticesusedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.communicationamongartistsacrossEurope

B.spiritualityineverydaylife

C.aculturalemphasisonhumanvalues

D.religiousthemesinartthatwouldaccompanythetraditionalsecularthemes

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.usingreligiousthemes

B.portrayingonlythepleasantpartsofhumanexperience

C.producingartthatpeoplewouldfindattractive

D.creatingworksthatwereeasilyunderstood

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.played

B.documented

C.spread

D.analyzed

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ThemusicalRenaissancewasdefinedbytechniqueratherthanstyle.

B.ThemusicalRenaissancewastooshorttogiverisetoanewmusicalstyle.

C.RenaissancemusiciansadoptedthestylesofbothGreekandRomanmusicians.

D.DuringtheRenaissance,musicneverremainedthesameforverylong.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章開頭介紹了“復(fù)興”一詞的來源及興起。第二段寫文藝復(fù)興影響人們音樂思考和音樂創(chuàng)作的方式。第三段寫這一時(shí)期的音樂風(fēng)格多變，很難定義為單一的音樂類型。C項(xiàng)對(duì)文意的概括比較全面，所以C項(xiàng)正確。

2.第一段指出：Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohuman—asopposedtospiritual一values（對(duì)于這些學(xué)者而言，文藝復(fù)興意味著對(duì)人類價(jià)值而非精神方面的回歸）。C項(xiàng)“重視人類價(jià)值觀的主張”符合原文意思。

3.B項(xiàng)“僅僅描述人生經(jīng)歷中快樂的部分”不是藝術(shù)家和作家的目的，故選B。

4.“disseminated”出現(xiàn)在第二段:ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed,experienced,discussed,anddisseminated.（這些觀點(diǎn)的改變深深地影響了文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的音樂文化——人們思考音樂的方式以及音樂的創(chuàng)作、體驗(yàn)、爭(zhēng)議和）。所以，C項(xiàng)spread“傳播”正確。

5.第三段指出：musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf—thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle（在本世紀(jì)半葉，音樂變化如此之快，盡管在不同的國家以不同的速度變化，但我們無法定義一種文藝復(fù)興風(fēng)格）。所以“changedsorapidly”是原因，D項(xiàng)“音樂無法長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的保持一種形式”正確。

35.單選題

Unfortunately,hisdamagingattacksontheramificationsoftheeconomicpolicyhavebeen（）byhiswholeheartedacceptanceofthatpolicy’sunderlyingassumptions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.supplemented

B.undermined

C.redeemed

D.diverted

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：不幸的是，他對(duì)這項(xiàng)政策基本假設(shè)的衷心接受

了他之前對(duì)其分支的猛烈抨擊。supplemented增補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)充；undermined破壞，削弱；redeemed救贖，贖回，彌補(bǔ)；di-verted呼叫轉(zhuǎn)移，釋放。選項(xiàng)B“破壞”符合句意。

36.單選題

Tocallsomeonebird-brainedinEnglishmeansyouthinkthatpersonissillyorstu-pid.Butwillthisdescriptionsoondisappearfromuseinthelightofrecentresearch?ItseemstheEnglishmayhavebeenunfairinassociatingbird’sbrainswithstupidity.

Inanattempttofindouthowdifferentcreaturesseetheworld,psychologistsatBrownUniversityintheUSAhavebeencomparingthebehaviourofbirdsandhumans.OneexperimenthasinvolvedteachingpigeonstorecognizelettersoftheEnglishalphabet.Thebirdsstudyin“classrooms”，whichareboxesequippedwithacomputer.Afteraboutfourdaysofstudyingaparticularletter,thepigeonhastopickoutthatletterfromseveraldis-playedonthecomputerscreen.Threemalepigeonshavelearnttodistinguishalltwenty-sixlettersofthealphabetinthisway.

Acomputerrecordofthebirds’four-monthstudyperiodhasshownsurprisingsimilar-itiesbetweenthepigeons’andhumanperformance.Pigeonsandpeoplefindthesameletterseasy,orhard,totellapart.Forexample,92percentofthetimethepigeonscouldtelltheletterDfromtheletterZ.ButwhenfacedwithUandV(oftenconfusedbyEnglishchil-dren),thepigeonswererightonly34percentofthetime.

Theresultsoftheexperimentssofarhaveledpsychologiststoconcludethatpigeonsandhumansobservethingsinsimilarways.Thissuggeststhatthereissomethingfunda-mentalabouttherecognitionprocess.Ifscientistscouldonlydiscoverjustwhatthisrecog-nitionprocessis,itcouldbeveryusefulforcomputerdesigners.Thedisadvantageofapresentcomputeristhatitcanonlydowhatahumanbeinghasprogrammedittodoandtheprogrammermustgivethecomputerprecise,logicalinstructions.Maybeinthefuture,though,computerswillbeabletothinklikehumanbeings.

1.Thewritersuggeststhattheexpression“bird-brained”mightbeoutofusesoonbe-causeitis（）

2.sychologistshavebeenexperimentingwithpigeonstof