2022年考研考博-考博英語-南京師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號58

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-南京師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

（）shewaslivinginLondonthatshemetherhusbandTerry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Justwhen

B.Duringthetimewhen

C.Soonafter

D.Itwaswhile

【答案】D

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)為itis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that….故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：她住在倫敦的時候遇見了她的丈夫Terry.

2.寫作題

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingontheremark’'Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass"Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainwhatyouwilldotomakeyourlifemoremeaningful.Youshouldwriteatleast200words.PutyouressayonAnswerSheet.PartICloze

【答案】略

3.單選題

Manyofthesametechniqueswerethesolutionofindustrial,scientificandmedicalproblems.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appliedfor

B.appliedto

C.applyingfor

D.applyingto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。applyfor申請；applyto適用于，應(yīng)用于；技術(shù)應(yīng)該是運(yùn)用于某些解決方案中，故先排除AC兩項(xiàng)。技術(shù)與解決方案之間是被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)，B項(xiàng)正確。句意：許多相同的技巧被運(yùn)用到工業(yè)，科技和醫(yī)療問題的解決方案里。

4.單選題

Heputaspecial（）foranextraday’sholidayssothathecouldattendhisdaughter’swedding.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.request

B.inquiry

C.enquiry

D.proposal

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。request“請求，需要”；inquiry“探究，調(diào)查”；enquiry“詢問，詢盤”；proposal“提議，建議”。句意：他提出要請一天假以便能夠參加他女兒的婚禮。requestfor“要求，對…有請求”，只有A項(xiàng)符合句意。

5.單選題

Ididn’tmakeoutwhattheprofessormeansbecausehishandwritingisso（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eligible

B.illegible

C.Knowledgeable

D.vague

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。eligible合格的，合適的；illegible難辨認(rèn)的，字跡模糊的；knowledgeable知識淵博的；vague模糊的，含糊的。由空格前的handwriting可知能修飾字跡的只有B項(xiàng)，故B項(xiàng)正確。

6.翻譯題

Themediahelpdemocracywhentheyprovidemorechoicestomorepeople,buttheydonofavorstodemocracywhentheyturnthemselvesfrombeacons（信號站）oflightintoheat-seekingmissiles.Forexample,thepresident’s1995StateoftheUnionaddresstookmorethananhour,whichapparentlywasaboutahalfhourmorethanthepatienceofmostnetworkcommentators（commentator:personwhocomments）couldtolerate.Intheirinstantanalysisafterthespeech,theyallcriticizeditslengthand“l(fā)ackoffocus’’.Yetjudgingbypollsandtalkshowsthenextday,mostAmericansappearedtoappreciatethecontentofthepresident’sspeech.Todaythemediainvestigatelessandpreachmore……

【答案】當(dāng)媒體為更多的人提供更多的選擇時，媒體有助于民主政治，而當(dāng)媒體由燈光信號站轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闊釋?dǎo)導(dǎo)彈時，媒體將不利于民主政治。比如，總統(tǒng)發(fā)表的1995年國情咨文報告花了一個多小時，這顯然超出了大多數(shù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)評論家（評論員：發(fā)表評論的人）所能承受的大約半小時的容忍度。演說結(jié)束后，網(wǎng)絡(luò)評論家即時對演說做出分析，批判演說的長度而且“缺乏重點(diǎn)”。然而，從第二天的民意調(diào)查結(jié)果和現(xiàn)場訪談來看，大多數(shù)美國人似乎很欣賞總統(tǒng)演講的內(nèi)容。當(dāng)今媒體調(diào)查少，宣傳多.......

7.單選題

His（）inEnglish,FrenchandItalianmadehimaprominentinterpreterinthecountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Proficiency

B.diversion

C.immersion

D.involvement

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。proficiency精通，熟練；diversion轉(zhuǎn)移，消遣；immersion沉浸，浸入；involvement參與，牽連。由后半句的prominentinterpreter著名的翻譯家可知他對這三種語言很熟練。故A項(xiàng)正確。

8.寫作題

Directions:FromJune1,2008,Chinawillbanshopsfromofferingfreeplasticbagandhascalledonconsumerstousebasketsandclothsacksinsteadtoreduceenvironmentalpollution.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthispolicy?Pleasewriteacompositionofapproximately200wordsonthefollowingtopic:

ShouldWeBanFreePlasticBagsFromShops?

Inthefirstpart,youshouldstaleclearlyyourviewpointonthisissue.Inthesecondpart,youshouldsupportyourviewpointwilhappropriatedetails.InIhelastpart,youshouldbringwhatyouhavewrittenIoanaturalconclusion.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheseinstructionsmayresultinthelossofmarks.

WriteyourcompositionontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

9.翻譯題

我為什么寫作？我為了我們的國家、社會、生活更加美好而寫作。熱愛生活，我嘆息一切美好的瞬間的短促。只有文學(xué)才能使美好的瞬間與永恒連接起來。至少我有理由希望，在寫作的時候我能夠比我自己還要好一點(diǎn)，聰明一點(diǎn)，豐富一點(diǎn)，有時候更執(zhí)著一點(diǎn)，也有時候更豁達(dá)一點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槲沂翘椒擦?，我是有太多的缺點(diǎn)以至于缺陷。我不滿意自己，我已經(jīng)沒有辦法再重新投胎一次，我只能在寫作里得到一些校正與補(bǔ)償。我喜歡寫作還因?yàn)檫@并不總是快樂的。誰能回避那些沉重的不愉快的甚至于可怕的事情呢？然而當(dāng)這一切經(jīng)驗(yàn)都變成文學(xué)的契機(jī)的時候，人生就比較能夠忍受了。

【答案】WhydoIwrite?Iwriteforthebettermentofourcountry,societyandlife.Ilovelife,Isighthebrevityofallthebeautifulmoments.Onlyliteraturecanconnectthebeautifulmomentwiththeeternal.AtleastIhavereasontohopethatwhenIwrite,Icanbealittlebetterthanmyself,alittlesmarter,alittlericher,sometimesalittlemorepersistent,andsometimesalittlemoreopen-minded,becauseIamtooordinary,Ihavetoomanyshortcomingsandevendefects.Iamnotsatisfiedwithmyself,Ihavenowaytobebornagain,Icanonlygetsomecorrectionandcompensationfromwriting.Ialsolikewritingbecauseit'snotalwaysfun.Whocanavoidthoseheavyunpleasantandeventerriblethings?However,whenalltheseexperiencesbecometheopportunityofliterature,lifeismoretolerable.

10.單選題

Carefulplanningandhardworkwill（）ourfinalsuccess.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ensure

B.enclose

C.discharge

D.deny

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。ensure“保證，確?！?；enclose“圍繞，裝入”；discharge“準(zhǔn)許，釋放，排出”；deny“否定，否認(rèn)”。句意：認(rèn)真的計劃和努力的工作將確保我們最后的成功。只有A項(xiàng)符合句意。

11.單選題

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynursery,wasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe（1）halfofthe19thcentury;mostof（2）werecharitable.ButinEuropeandintheU.S.,thedaynurserymovementreceivedgreat（3）duringtheFirstWorldWar,when（4）ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountriesnurserieswereestablished（5）inmunitionsplants:underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.（6）thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose（7）thisrise,wasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,（8）,federal,State,andlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol（9）thedaynurseries,chieflyby（10）themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.

The（11）oftheSecondWorldWarwasquicklyfollowedbyanincreaseinthenurseriesinalmostallcountries,aswomenwere（12）calledupontoreplacemeninthefactories.Onthis（13）theU.S.governmentimmediatelycametothesupportofthenurseryschools,（14）$6.000,000inJuly,1942,foranurseryschoolprogramforthechildrenofworking.AlotStatesandlocalcommunities（15）thisFederalaid.Bytheendofthewar.inAugust,1945,morethan100,000childrenwerebeingcared（16）indaycarecentersreceivingFederal（17）.Soonafterward,theFederalgovernment（18）cutdownitsexpendituresforthispurposeandlater（19）them,causingasharpdropinthenumberofnurseryschoolsinoperation.However,theexpectationthatmostemployedmotherswouldleavetheir（20）attheendofthewarwasonlypartlyfulfilled.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.late

B.latter

C.other

D.first

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.those

B.them

C.whose

D.imitation

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.imitation

B.input

C.impetus

D.initiative

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.sources

B.abundance

C.shortage

D.reduction

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.hardly

B.entirely

C.only

D.even

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Because

B.As

C.Although

D.Since

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.unanimously

B.sharply

C.Predominantly

D.militantly

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.therefore

B.consequently

C.however

D.moreover

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.over

B.in

C.at

D.about

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.formulating

B.labeling

C.patenting

D.licensing

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.outset

B.outbreak

C.breakthrough

D.breakdown

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.again

B.thus

C.repeatedly

D.Yet

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.Circumstance

B.occasion

C.case

D.situation

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.regulating

B.summoning

C.allocating

D.transferring

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.expanded

B.facilitated

C.compensated

D.supplemented

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.after

C.of

D.for

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.pensions

B.subsidies

C.revenues

D.budgets

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.prevalently

B.furiously

C.statistically

D.drastically

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.abolished

B.diminished

C.jeopardized

D.precluded

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.nurseries

B.homes

C.jobs

D.children

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:D

第16題:D

第17題:B

第18題:D

第19題:A

第20題:C

【解析】第1題:1.考查形容詞辨析。由上文可知，美國第一家日托所建于1854年，日托所在各地普遍建立應(yīng)該是在19世紀(jì)后半期。thelatterhalf為后半期。故B項(xiàng)正確。

2.mostof后面接人稱代詞。句意：大多數(shù)幼兒園都是慈善性質(zhì)的。

3.考查名詞辨析。imitation模仿；input輸入；initiative主動權(quán)；impetus推動，促進(jìn)，動力；句意：日托所在一戰(zhàn)期間受到了很大的推動。

4.考查名詞辨析。sources來源;abundance豐富，充裕;shortage短缺;reduction減少。句意：當(dāng)時勞動力短缺使得大量的女性被雇傭。由下文的industrialemployment…可知是由于勞動力短缺，故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.考查副詞辨析。句意：在政府直接倡導(dǎo)下，歐洲一些國家建立了日托所，甚至在軍火工廠里也建了日托所。軍火工廠相對國家的其他地方來說，層次加深了，故用even.

6.考查邏輯連詞。由下文thisrise,wasaccomplished…可知前后句是讓步關(guān)系，故用although。

7.考查副詞辨析。unanimously全體一致地，無異議地;sharply急劇地；predominantly主要地，支配其他地；militarily在軍事上。只有sharply能修飾動詞rose。句意：盡管美國托兒所數(shù)目急劇增長，但并未得到政府的任何資助。

8.考查邏輯連詞。前一句提到美國的一些托兒所沒有政府資助，該空后面的句子又提到聯(lián)邦政府以及當(dāng)?shù)卣_始逐漸對托兒所進(jìn)行控制，前面兩種是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。

9.考查固定搭配。controlover控制，支配。

10.考查動詞辨析。formulate規(guī)范;label貼標(biāo)簽于，分類；patent取得專利權(quán);license許可，特許。由后半句的inspect和regulate可知聯(lián)邦政府對托兒所進(jìn)行規(guī)范化管理。句意：然而在一戰(zhàn)后的幾年中，聯(lián)邦政府和地方政府開始采取措施來控制托兒所，主耍通過檢查和規(guī)范化化來管理控制托兒所。故A項(xiàng)正確。

11.考查名詞辨析。outset開端，開始:outbreak爆發(fā)；breakthrough突破：breakdown崩潰，故障。此句句意為二戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)，故B項(xiàng)正確。

12.考查邏輯關(guān)系。在上一段中提到了一戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)時，由于勞動力短缺，大量雇傭女性。二戰(zhàn)中女性又被號召去替補(bǔ)工廠里的男性。所以要填again.

13.考查名詞辨析。circumstance環(huán)境，狀況；occasion時機(jī)，機(jī)會；case情況；situation情形；ontheoccasion在那時，能與介詞on搭配的只有B項(xiàng)。

14.考查動詞辨析。regulate規(guī)定，調(diào)節(jié)；summon召集、召喚；allocate分配;transfer轉(zhuǎn)讓，轉(zhuǎn)移。由上句可知美國政府大力支持托兒所，又由空格后的數(shù)字可推知此句表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)為美國政府分配了600萬美元用于托兒所的發(fā)展。故C項(xiàng)正確。

15.考查動詞辨析。expanded膨脹、擴(kuò)充；facilitated使容易、使便利；compensated補(bǔ)償、償還；supplemented補(bǔ)充,補(bǔ)全。句意：許多州和地方團(tuán)體對聯(lián)邦政府資助進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充。

16.考查詞組辨析。carefor關(guān)系，照顧。

17.考查名詞辨析。pensions養(yǎng)老金，退休金；subsidies補(bǔ)助金，津貼；revenues國家的收入，稅收；budgets預(yù)算。句意：一百多萬兒童在接受聯(lián)邦津貼的日托中心里受到照顧。

18.考查副詞辨析。prevalently普遍地，流行地；furiously狂暴地，猛烈地;statistically統(tǒng)計上地;drastically激烈地，徹底地。由后文的asharpdrop可知此空應(yīng)填drastically，由于大量削減用于日托所的開支，導(dǎo)致了托兒所的劇減。故D項(xiàng)正確。

19.考查動詞辨析。abolish廢除;diminish使減少，變小;jeopard危害，危及；precluded排除。前句提到托兒所大幅度減少支出，后來應(yīng)該是廢除了，所以才導(dǎo)致運(yùn)營中的日托所大幅減少。故A項(xiàng)正確。

20.考查名詞辨析。上文提到了戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)時大多數(shù)女性被工廠雇傭來替代男性的工作，在戰(zhàn)后可推知很多男性回到了工廠，自然不需要這么多女性來替代他們的工作，所以很多被雇傭的母親離開他們的工作這一愿望得到了實(shí)現(xiàn)。故C項(xiàng)正確。

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12.單選題

Susanisstudyingalgebraandgeometry,and（）she’stakingmicrocomputerlessons.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inamoment

B.inbrief

C.inaddition

D.inconclusion

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。inamoment“立刻，立即”；inbrief“簡言之”；inaddition“另外，此外”；inconclusion“總之，最后”。句意：Susan正在學(xué)習(xí)代數(shù)和幾何學(xué)，此外，她還在學(xué)習(xí)微型計算機(jī)課程。and表示并列關(guān)系，代數(shù)，幾何，微型計算機(jī)課程都是并列關(guān)系，故C項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Inthemodernsociety,peopleoftenfeelcomfortablephysicallybutsufferalot（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.moderately

B.naturally

C.biologically

D.psychologically

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。moderately“適度地，有節(jié)制地”；naturally“自然地”；biologically“生物學(xué)上地”；psychologically“精神上地，心理上地”。句意：在現(xiàn)代社會，人們經(jīng)常感覺生理上是舒服的，但卻遭遇心理上的問題。由but可知其前后內(nèi)容性質(zhì)相反，前面提到生理，故空格處應(yīng)該填心理上地。

14.單選題

Muchofthenewsprovidedbythisnewspaperis(

)

notforeign.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.domestic

B.devilish

C.unusual

D.civilian

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。domestic“國內(nèi)的”；devilish“邪惡的，精力旺盛的”；unusual“不尋常的”；civilian“民用的”。句意：這家報紙?zhí)峁┑男侣劧际牵ǎ┑亩皇峭鈬摹Ｓ蒼otforeign可推知這家報紙?zhí)峁┑南⒋蟛糠质菄鴥?nèi)的，故A項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Onceyouhaveaddedupthefiguresinthebudgetplan,youwillhaveto（）incometaxtoarriveatthenetspendingamountavailabletoyou.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.divide

B.deduct

C.multiply

D.add

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。divide“分開”；deduct“扣除;減去”multiply“乘；使增加”；add“增加”，addto“加入，增加”。句意：一旦你把預(yù)算計劃中的數(shù)字加起來，為了得出你可利用的凈支出金額，你將不得不加入所得稅。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.填空題

Sincehewasachild,DonCameronhasbeeninterestedinanythingwhichflies.HegrewupontheoutskirtsofGlasgowand,asastudentatGlasgowUniversity,joinedtheUniversityAirSquadron.1.（）Hisgrandfatherwasanengineer,whoturnedhishandtomakingmodelsteamenginesandboats.

DonCameron’sfirstjobwasatBristolAircraft,whereheworkedasanengineer.HethenhadjobsinthesteelworksatLanwemandforRio-TintoZineinBristol,workingwithcomputers.Inthemid-sixties,newsofAmericanexperimentswithhotairballoonscrossedtheAtlantic,andheandacoupleoffriendsdecidedtobuildtheirownballoon.ProbablythefirsthotairballooninwesternEurope,theycalleditTheBristolBelle2.（）.

At40hehasalreadybeenhalfwayroundtheworldbyballoon3.（）HehascrossedtheChannelbyballoonandevenflownintheArcticCircleinone."Beforeyouflythere"，heremembers,“youaretoldhowtobuildigloosandsurviveinthesnow.It'salovelyplacetofly”.

"Intheearlydays”,herecalls.“Iusedtoworknightandday.”Helooksdownathisscheduleforthenextfewdays.ItincludesadrivetoFrancetomakeadelivery,plusreadingproofsofaballooninghandbookhehaswritten.“Istilldon'ttakeitveryeasy.”hesays.HestartedthebusinessinthebasementofthelargeVictorianhouse,whereheliveswithhiswifeKinandtwochildren.4.（）.Theyincludespeciallydesignedballoonsforadvertisingpurposes.ThefirmexportsallovertheworldandissettingupafactoryinAmerica,whereballoonswillbemadeforthemunderlicense.5.（）.

【答案】1.D

2.E

3.B

4.C

5.A

【解析】1.D項(xiàng)提到了familytradidion家庭傳統(tǒng)，與空格后面的內(nèi)容即對爺爺?shù)慕榻B對應(yīng)。

2.由空格前的內(nèi)容“heandacoupleoffriendsdecidedtobuildtheirownballoon.ProbablythefirsthotairballooninwesternEurope,theycalleditTheBristolBelle.他和幾個朋友決定自己造一個氣球?？赡苁俏鳉W的第一個熱氣球，他們叫它布里斯托爾貝爾。”可知卡梅倫與他的朋友決定自己造氣球，并且創(chuàng)造了西歐第一個熱氣球。E項(xiàng)講述的是他們公司的成就，現(xiàn)在本國就有300個熱氣球。有三分之二的熱氣球是由卡梅倫的公司制作的。能與下文自然銜接。

3.At40hehasalreadybeenhalfwayroundtheworldbyballoon40歲時，他已經(jīng)乘氣球環(huán)游了半個世界。這句為本段的中心句，接下來應(yīng)該會提到他乘坐熱氣球去過的地方。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.此空前面HestartedthebusinessinthebasementofthelargeVictorianhouse,whereheliveswithhiswifeKinandtwochildren.他在一幢維多利亞時代的大房子的地下室里開始了他的生意，他和他的妻子及兩個孩子住在那里。此空與過去進(jìn)行對比，講述仙子它的公司很有前途。由空格后的Theyincludespeciallydesignedballoonsforadvertisingpurposes.其中包括為廣告目的而特別設(shè)計的氣球,也可知they是指代熱氣球。故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.文章最后講述了卡梅倫公司的成就，A項(xiàng)用具體的數(shù)字能讓人更清楚地知道這家公司的成功。故A項(xiàng)正確。

17.翻譯題

WhatIwishforallstudentsissomereleasefromthegrimgripofthefuture.Iwishthemachancetoenjoyeachsegmentoftheireducationasanexperienceinitselfandnotasatiresomerequirementinpreparationforthenextstep.Iwishthemtherighttoexperiment,totripandfall,tolearnthatdefeatisaseducationalasvictoryandisnottheendoftheworld.

Mywish,ofcourse,isnative.OneofthefewrightsthatAmericadoesnotproclaimistherighttofail.Achievementisthenationalgod,worshippedinourmedia—themillion-dollarathlete,thewealthyexecutive---andglorifiedinourpraiseofpossessions.Inthepresenceofsuchapotentstatereligion,theyoungaregrowingupold.

【答案】我希望所有的學(xué)生稍微擺脫未來的無情控制。我希望他們有機(jī)會把自己每一階段的教育純粹當(dāng)成一種經(jīng)歷來享受，而不是作為一種為下一步做準(zhǔn)備的令人厭倦的需要。我希望他們有權(quán)利去嘗試、跌倒、懂得失敗如同勝利一樣具有教育意義和失敗并不是世界的末日。

當(dāng)然，我的希望是天真的。失敗的權(quán)利是美國人不贊揚(yáng)的幾個權(quán)利之一。成就是民族之神，在我們的媒體中受到崇拜——如身價百萬的運(yùn)動員，富有的主管人員一樣——在我們對財富的贊美中得到榮耀。年輕人就是在這樣一種強(qiáng)有力的民族信仰熏陶下長大的。

18.單選題

Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12to$50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.Speroblamesthesofteningeconomy."I'magoodeconomicindicator,"shesays."Iprovideaservicethatpeoplecandowithoutwhenthey'reconcernedaboutsavingsomedollars."SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus."Idon'tknowifotherclientsaregoingtoabandonme,too"shesays.

EvenbeforeAlanGreenspan'sadmissionthatAmerica'sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lotsofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsoftheslowdownthemselves.FromcardealershipstoGapoutlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,wholastyeartookin24percentoftheirrevenuebetweenThanksgivingandChristmas,thecautiousapproachiscoiningatacrucialtime.Already,expertssay.holidaysalesareoff7percentfromlastyear'space.Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.

Consumerssaythey'renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."saysJohnDeadly,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.

Manyfolksseesilverliningstothisslowdown.Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.Forthat,Greenspan&Co.maystillbeworthtoasting.

1.By“EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet’’(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans（）.

2.Howdothepublicfeelaboutthecurrenteconomicsituation?

3.Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange’’(Lines3,Paragraph3)theauthoristalkingabout（）.

4.Whycanmanypeoplesee‘‘silverlinings”totheeconomicslowdown?

5.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sperocanhardlymaintainherbusiness.

B.Speroistoomuchengagedinherwork.

C.Sperohasgrownoutofherbadhabit.

D.Speroisnotinadesperatesituation.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Optimistic

B.Confused

C.Carefree

D.Panicked.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.goldmarket.

B.realestate.

C.stockexchange

D.ventureinvestment.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theywouldbenefitincertainways.

B.Thestockmarketshowssignsofrecovery.

C.Suchaslowdownusuallyprecedesaboom

D.Thepurchasingpowerwouldbeenhanced.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Anewboom,onthehorizon.

B.Tightenthebelt，thesingleremedy.

C.Cautionallright,panicnot

D.Themoreventures,themorechances.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12toS50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus.這位47歲的美甲師也沒有像她想的那樣修剪、填充或拋光那么多的指甲。她的大多數(shù)客戶每周花費(fèi)12至50美元，但上個月，兩位老客戶突然不再光顧。因此，斯珀羅開始縮減開支，在迪拉德位于克利夫蘭郊區(qū)的家附近的中檔百貨商店購物，而不是去內(nèi)曼?馬庫斯(NeimanMarcus)。由此段內(nèi)容可知雖然Ellen的生意沒以前好了，但Ellen的生活狀況并沒有陷入絕望的境地。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.但是現(xiàn)在還沒有發(fā)出警報。消費(fèi)者似乎只是擔(dān)心，并沒有驚慌失措，許多人說，他們對經(jīng)濟(jì)的長期前景仍持樂觀態(tài)度，盡管他們采取了一些適度的緊縮措施?？芍M(fèi)者對經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢保持樂觀態(tài)度，故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。由第三段Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."在大多數(shù)地區(qū)，房價保持穩(wěn)定。在曼哈頓，“新的淘金熱在400萬到1000萬美元之間發(fā)生，主要是由華爾街的獎金推動的?！苯?jīng)紀(jì)人芭芭拉?科克倫說。在舊金山，房價仍在上漲，盡管瘋狂的高出價已經(jīng)平息?，F(xiàn)在，你可能只會收到兩三個offer，而不是20到30個?？芍?00萬到1000萬美元是指房價，整段都是圍繞房價問題展開的，故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。由最后一段“Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.潛在的購房者會為更低的利率而歡呼。雇主們不會介意就業(yè)市場少一點(diǎn)泡沫。許多消費(fèi)者似乎受到了股市波動的影響，投資者現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為股市波動是持續(xù)繁榮的必要因素。用餐者可能也看到了好處。要在曼哈頓炙手可熱的新阿蘭杜卡斯(AlainDucasse)餐廳訂到位子是不可能的，現(xiàn)在不是這樣了?？芍?jīng)濟(jì)衰退也能帶來一些好處。故A項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。本文開篇用事例引出經(jīng)濟(jì)滑坡的話題，隨后表明人們對經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑仍然保持樂觀態(tài)度，最后指出，人們可從中可以得到不少好處。C項(xiàng)的“適度謹(jǐn)慎是必要的，無需驚慌”與本文相符，故C項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Doeshehavetherightworkexperienceandskills?（）,canhedothejob?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inanotherway

B.Inotherways

C.Inanotherword

D.Inotherwords

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。inanotherway另一方面；inotherways在其他方面；ininotherwords換句話說。inantherword沒有這個搭配?？崭袂昂缶渥右馑枷嗨?，故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：他有相關(guān)的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技能嗎？換言之，他能做這個工作嗎？

20.單選題

Withthecombinationofintelligenceand（）skills,peoplehavefoundwaystouseplantandanimalresources,mineralores,fuels,andmanyotherofEarth'smaterialsandresources.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.plausible

B.elegant

C.exterior

D.manual

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。plausible“看似可信的，花言巧語的”；elegant“優(yōu)雅的”；exterior“外部的，外面的”；manual“體力的，手控的”。句意：通過智慧和動手技巧，人們已經(jīng)找到了利用動植物資源、礦石、燃料以及地球上許多其他物質(zhì)和資源的方法。只有D項(xiàng)符合句意。

21.單選題

Thedirectionswereso（）thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ingenious

B.ambitious

C.notorious

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ingenious有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，機(jī)靈的；ambitious野心勃勃的，有雄心的；notorious聲名狼藉的，臭名昭著的；ambiguous模糊不清的，模棱兩可的。能修飾directions的只有D項(xiàng)“模糊不清的”，故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：該指示如此模糊不清以致于不可能完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。

22.單選題

Thisisaverybighotelanditcan（）morethan1,000people.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.furnish

B.accommodate

C.transport

D.institute

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。furnish“提供，供應(yīng)”；accommodate“容納，使適應(yīng)”；transport“運(yùn)輸”；institute“實(shí)行，建立”。句意：這是一個很大的酒店，能夠容納1000多人。只有B項(xiàng)符合句意。

23.單選題

Trysomeofthiscake,whichI（）especiallyforyou.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.boiled

B.baked

C.burned

D.roasted

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。boil“煮沸”；bake“烤，烘焙”；burn“燃燒，燒毀”；roast“烤”。句意：吃一點(diǎn)這種蛋糕吧，這是我特意為你烘焙的?？镜案庥胋ake,故B項(xiàng)正確。

24.翻譯題

Sustainabledevelopmentisappliedtojustabouteverythingfromenergy,tocleanwaterandeconomicgrowth,andasaresultithasbecomedifficulttoquestioneitherthebasicassumptionsbehinditorthewaytheconceptisputtouse.Thisisespeciallytrueinagriculture,wheresustainabledevelopmentisoftentakenasthesolemeasureofprogresswithoutaproperappreciationofhistoricalandculturalperspectives.Tostartwith,itisimportanttorememberthatthenatureofagriculturehaschangedmarkedlythroughouthistory,andwillcontinuetodoso.MedievalagricultureinnorthernEuropefed,clothedandshelteredapredominantlyruralsocietywithamuchlowerpopulationdensitythanitistoday.Ithadminimaleffectonbiodiversity,andanypollutionitcausedwaslocalized.Intermsofenergyuseandthenutrientscapturedintheproduct,itwasinefficient.Contrastthiswithfanningsincethestartoftheindustrialrevolution.Competitionfromoverseasledfarmerstospecializeandincreaseyields.Throughoutthisperiodfoodbecamecheaper,safeandmorereliable.However,thesechangeshavealsoledtohabitatlossandtodiminishingbiodiversity.What'smore,demandforanimalproductsindevelopingcountriesisgrowingsofastthatmeetingitwillrequireanextra300milliontonsofgrainayearby2050.Yetthegrowthofcitiesandindustryisreducingtheamountofwateravailableforagricultureinmanyregions.Allthismeansthatagricultureinthe213rcenturywillhavetobeverydifferentfromhowitwasinthe20th.

【答案】可持續(xù)發(fā)展幾乎適用于從能源到清潔水和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的所有領(lǐng)域，因此很難對其背后的基本假設(shè)或概念的使用方式提出質(zhì)疑。在農(nóng)業(yè)方面尤其如此，在農(nóng)業(yè)方面，可持續(xù)發(fā)展往往被視為進(jìn)步的唯一衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而沒有適當(dāng)?shù)貜臍v史和文化角度加以評價。首先，重要的是要記住，農(nóng)業(yè)的性質(zhì)在歷史上已經(jīng)發(fā)生了顯著的變化，并將繼續(xù)發(fā)生變化。北歐的中世紀(jì)農(nóng)業(yè)為主要的農(nóng)村社會提供了食物、衣服和庇護(hù)，人口密度比今天低得多。它對生物多樣性的影響微乎其微，而且它造成的任何污染都是局部的。就能量使用和產(chǎn)品中獲取的營養(yǎng)而言，它是低效的。這與工業(yè)革命開始以來的扇風(fēng)形成了鮮明對比。來自海外的競爭促使農(nóng)民專業(yè)化并提高產(chǎn)量。在此期間，食物變得更便宜、更安全、更可靠。然而，這些變化也導(dǎo)致了棲息地的喪失和生物多樣性的減少。此外，發(fā)展中國家對動物產(chǎn)品的需求增長如此之快，以至于到2050年每年需要額外增加3億噸谷物才能滿足需求。然而，城市和工業(yè)的發(fā)展正在減少許多地區(qū)可供農(nóng)業(yè)使用的水資源。所有這一切意味著，21世紀(jì)的農(nóng)業(yè)將與20世紀(jì)大不相同。

25.單選題

Ineverknowwhetherthebosswilldismissmebecauseofmybeinglateforwork,soIcan'taffordto（）myduties.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.neglect

B.deny

C.refuse

D.ignore

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。neglect“疏忽；忽視”；deny“否定；否認(rèn)”；refuse“拒絕，回絕”；ignore“忽視；不理睬”。句意：我從不知道老板是否將會因?yàn)槲疑习噙t到而解雇我，所以我不能承受去疏忽我的職責(zé)。由前半句可知，此空表達(dá)的是“不能承受疏忽職責(zé)”之意，故A項(xiàng)正確。

26.單選題

Ihavetrouble（）thistaskwithinthisweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.infinishing

B.tofinish

C.forfinishing

D.onfinishing

【答案】A

【解析】考查語法。havetroubleindoingsth做某事有麻煩。故A項(xiàng)正確。句意：我有困難在這周內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。

27.單選題

IfthereisonequalitythatmostAmericanshares,itisadesirethatsetstheireyesstrainingforalookbeyondthehorizon,theirmindswonderingwhatmightbebeyondtheirrangeofvision,andtheirfeetonpathsintotheunknown.Thehorizonskeepexpanding;overacenturytheadventurersandhome-seekersbravedthewildnesstolookforindependenceandprosperity.

Inthe1800’stheterm“theWest”wasoftenusedtodescribeanyfrontierregionorterritorythatlaybetweenthewell-establishedsettlementsandtheuntamedwildness.AsAmericanmovedsteadilywestward,thefrontiermovedwestwardalso.

Thepushingbackofthefrontier,however,wasfarfromeasy.Theearlypioneerhadtofaceandovercomemanydangersandhardships.Horriblesnowstormsinwintermightdestroyhislivestock,andmanypioneersthemselveswerefrozentodeath.Insummerapioneermightstandbyhelplesslywhilehiscattlediedorcropswitheredforlackofwater.Atothertimes,floodsmightsweepawayallofhisworkButhisgreatestdangerintheearlyyearswasfromIndianraids.ThewestwardmovementwasatypicalexpressionoftheAmericancharacter,notoostronglydesiringforasettledlifebutseekingtheirdreamsbymovingfromplacetoplace.Itisstilltrueevennow.

TheworstdangerstoapeacefulpioneerinthemiddlenineteenthcenturycameperhapsnotfromnaturalconditionsorfromIndians,butfrompioneers.Itwasdifficulttoenforcelawandorderinsuchalargeareawithsolittleestablishedauthority,andsomepeoplemovedtothewestnotinordertodevelopthecountrybuttorobthosewhoweredoinghardwork.Themovementtothewesthaditsheroesaswellasitsvillains.

OnthewaytowardtheWest,one’ssuccessorfailuredependedlargelyonhisstrengthandabilityinmanagement.HardlaborandtensecompetitionintheWestmadethefrontiersmenrough,sowastheirlanguage.ThiscouldserveasacluetotheunderstandingofAmerican“honesty”.TheAmericansweresaidtovaluehonestspeech,honestpeople,honestgovernment,andhonestPresidents.

SomepeoplefeelthatthefrontierspiritnolongerexistsintheUSA.Butitexpressesitselfinanumberofways.Americansdonotlikebeingwithoutwork,andtheywilltravelhundredsofmilesinsearchofajob,showingacourageandanenterprisewhichisunusualinmostoftheolderEuropeancountries.Thenthereistheexplorationofouterspace.PresidentJohnKennedyinaspeechtothenation,spokeofthe“NewFrontier”.Thefrontierspiritcertainlyplayedapartinputtingthefirstmenonthemoon,themostrecentofallfrontiersmentobecrossed.

1.Thetextismainlyabout（）.

2.Accordingtothetext,whatisatypicalexpressionofthefrontierspirit?

3.Fromthetextyoucanlearnwhatendangeredtheearlypioneerwas（）.

4.Itseemsthatsuccessfulfrontiersman（）.

5.Fromthet