最新高中英語(yǔ)必修四第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)講義及習(xí)題

必修4UNIT1

Unit1

achievementn.成就；功績(jī);實(shí)現(xiàn)achievev.實(shí)現(xiàn)〔dream,goal等〕

welfaren.福利；福利事業(yè)

projectn.工程；工程；規(guī)劃

instituten.學(xué)會(huì)；學(xué)院；協(xié)會(huì)

△ChinaWelfareInstitute中國(guó)福利基金會(huì)

specialistn.專(zhuān)家；專(zhuān)業(yè)工作者ist為后綴的意思是：從事.......的人

scientist;novelist;violinist;pianist;psychologist等

specializevi.專(zhuān)攻；專(zhuān)門(mén)從事；專(zhuān)注于和in連用

Manystudentsspecializeinengineering

Ispecializeinspeaking,listeningandreading.

chimpn.〔非洲〕黑猩猩

connectionn.連接；關(guān)系

humanbeing人類(lèi)此單詞不要覺(jué)得奇怪，就是指人類(lèi)的意思，也可以human單獨(dú)用，也可以being單獨(dú)用，單復(fù)數(shù)不需要知道

campaignn.運(yùn)動(dòng)；戰(zhàn)役

vi.作戰(zhàn)；參加運(yùn)動(dòng)war“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)〞的總稱(chēng)，一般包括多個(gè)戰(zhàn)役的大規(guī)模戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

battle“戰(zhàn)斗〞，指有組織的武裝部隊(duì)之間的戰(zhàn)斗，有持續(xù)幾小時(shí)的，也有持續(xù)幾天的。

campaign“戰(zhàn)役〞，指在某一地區(qū)所進(jìn)行的一連串有固定目的的軍事行動(dòng)，規(guī)模比battle大，比方淮海戰(zhàn)役；還用來(lái)表“政治或商業(yè)性的活動(dòng)、競(jìng)選活動(dòng)，比方五四運(yùn)動(dòng)等。

organizationn.組織；機(jī)構(gòu)；團(tuán)體

behavevt.&vi.舉動(dòng)；〔舉止或行為〕表現(xiàn)

behaviour(=behavior)行為；舉止；習(xí)性

shaden.蔭；陰涼處

vt.遮住光線(xiàn)

moveoff離開(kāi)；起程；出發(fā)相近意思的有：startoff;setoff

Gilwavedhishandandthecarmovedoff.

worthwhileadj.值得的；值得做的

nestn.巢；窩

bondn.聯(lián)系；關(guān)系；結(jié)合；紐帶

observevt.觀察；觀測(cè)；遵守此單詞很多同學(xué)都只記得住一個(gè)意思：觀察。但高考也經(jīng)?？剂硗庖粋€(gè)意思：遵守，經(jīng)常會(huì)忘記。

Anyonewhocomesheremustobservetherules.

Weshouldobservethelocalcustoms.

observationn.觀察；觀測(cè)

childhoodn.童年；幼年時(shí)代

outspokenadj.直言的；坦誠(chéng)

respectvt.&n.尊敬；尊重；敬意

arguevt.&vi.討論；辯論；爭(zhēng)論

argumentn.爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)辯；爭(zhēng)吵

entertainmentn.款待；娛樂(lè)；娛樂(lè)表演(此單詞好多學(xué)生老是知道意思也不會(huì)翻譯〕Youhaveyourwork,yourentertainmentandyourfriends.Televisionhasresplacedfilmasourcountry'smostpopularformofentertainment.

leada…life過(guò)著……的生活

crowdn.人群；觀眾

vt.擠滿(mǎn)；使擁擠

crowdin〔想法、問(wèn)題等〕涌上心頭；涌入腦海

inspirevt.鼓舞；激發(fā)；啟示inspiring鼓舞人心的，令人鼓舞的

△inspirationn.靈感；鼓舞

supportn.&vt.支持；擁護(hù)

lookdownupon/on蔑視；瞧不起

refervi.談到；查閱；參考

referto查閱；參考；談到此句型高考經(jīng)常考，但是要準(zhǔn)確翻譯其意思確實(shí)要多注意

audiencen.觀眾；聽(tīng)眾；讀者

bychance碰巧；湊巧byaccident

comeacross〔偶然〕遇見(jiàn)；碰見(jiàn)IcameacrossmyfriendswhenIwasshopping.

careern.事業(yè)；生涯Job泛指工作，Career是指事業(yè)，這是值得個(gè)人投注一生心力，，作為一個(gè)老師，我的Career就是教師，而他的Job是由學(xué)校來(lái)提供的，他可以在不同的學(xué)校教書(shū)。Profession所指的職業(yè)是需要在文科或理科方面有一定的教育程度，具備一定理論水平的人才的職業(yè)。通常指腦力勞動(dòng)

raten.比率；速度

sicknessn.疾?。粣盒?/p>

intendvt.方案；打算intendtodosth.beintendedtodo

emergencyn.突發(fā)事件；緊急情況

generationn.一代；一輩generationgap：代溝gap：縫隙，缺口，溝壑

△determinationn.決心；果斷

kindnessn.仁慈；好意

considerateadj.考慮周到的

considerationn.考慮；體諒

delivervt.遞送；生〔小孩兒〕；接生；

發(fā)表〔演說(shuō)等〕

carryon繼續(xù)；堅(jiān)持carryout=perform執(zhí)行，履行Thegroupofsoldierscarriedoutasecretmilitaryactiontheotherday．

modestadj.謙虛的；謙讓的；適度的

本章節(jié)知識(shí)點(diǎn)較少，以做題來(lái)練，知識(shí)點(diǎn)集中到UNIT2講解。

高考真題〔適合AB班〕

CharlotteWhiteheadwasborninEnglandin1843,andmovedtoMontreal,Canadaattheageoffivewithherfamily.While__21__herilleldersisterthroughouttheyears,Charlottediscoveredshehada(n)__22__inmedicine.At18shemarriedand__23__afamily.Severalyearslater,Charlottesaidshewantedtobea__24__.Herhusbandsupportedherdecision.

__25__,Canadianmedicalschoolsdidnot__26__womenstudentsatthattime.Therefore,CharlottewenttotheUnitedStatestostudy__27__attheWomen’sMedicalCollegeinPhiladelphia.Ittookherfiveyearsto__28__hermedicaldegree.

Upongraduation,Charlotte__29__toMontrealandsetupaprivate__30__.Threeyearslater,shemovedtoWinnipeg,Manitoba,andthereshewasonceagaina__31__doctor.Manyofherpatientswerefromthenearbytimberandrailwaycamps.Charlotte__32__herselfoperatingondamagedlimbsandsetting__33__bones,inadditiontodeliveringallthebabiesinthearea.

ButCharlottehadbeenpractisingwithoutalicence.Shehad__34__adoctor’slicenceinbothMontrealandWinnipeg,butwas__35__.TheManitobaCollegeofPhysicianandSurgeons,anall-maleboard,wantedherto__36__herstudiesataCanadianmedicalcollege!Charlotterefusedto__37__herpatientstospendtimestudyingwhatshealreadyknew.Soin1887,sheappealedtotheManitobaLegislatureto__38__alicencetoherbutthey,too,refused.Charlotte__39__topractisewithoutalicenceuntil1912.Shediedfouryearsattheageof73.

In1993,77yearsafterher__40__,amedicallicencewasissuedtoCharlotte.ThisdecisionwasmadebytheManitobaLegislaturetohonor“thiscourageousandpioneeringwoman.〞

21.A.raising B.teaching C.nursing D.missing

22.A.habit B.interest C.opinion D.voice

23.A.invented B.selected C.offered D.started

24.A.doctor B.musician C.lawyer D.physicist

25.A.Besides B.Unfortunately C.Otherwise D.Eventually

26.A.hire B.entertain C.trust D.accept

27.A.history B.physics C.medicine D.law

28.A.improve B.save C.design D.earn

29.A.returned B.escaped C.spread D.wandered

30.A.school B.museum C.clinic D.lab

31.A.busy B.wealthy C.greedy D.lucky

32.A.helped B.found C.troubled D.imagined

33.A.harmful B.tired C.broken D.weak

34.A.putaway B.takenover C.turnedin D.appliedfor

35.A.punished B.refused C.blamed D.fired

36.A.display B.change C.preview D.complete

37.A.leave B.charge C.test D.cure

38.A.sell B.donate C.issue D.show

39.A.continued B.promised C.pretended D.dreamed

40.A.birth B.death C.wedding D.graduation

高考真題〔適合AB班〕

Abouttwentyofushadbeenfortunateenoughtoreceiveinvitationstoafilm-studio〔影棚〕totakepartinacrowd-scene.Althoughour"act"wouldlastonlyforashorttime,wecouldseequiteanumberofinterestingthings.

Weallstoodatthefarendofthestudioasworkmenpreparedthescene,settinguptreesattheedgeofawindingpath.Verysoon,brightlightswereturnedonandthebigmovie-camerawas

wheeledintoposition.Thedirectorshoutedsomethingtothecameraoperatorandthenwenttospeaktothetwofamousactorsnearby.Sinceitwashotinthestudio,itcameasasurprisetoustoseeoneoftheactorsputonaheavyovercoatandstartwalkingalongthepath.Abigfanbeganblowingtinywhitefeathersdownonhim,andsoonthetreeswerecoveredin"snow".Twomorefanswereturnedon,anda"strongwind"blewthroughthetrees.Thepicturelookedsorealthatitmadeusfeelcold.

Thenextscenewasacompletecontrast(比照).Thewayitwasfilmedwasquiteunusual.PicturestakenonanislandinthePacificwereshownonaglassscreen.Anactorandactressstoodinfrontofthescenesothattheylookedasiftheywereatthewater'sedgeonanisland.Byasimpletricklikethis,palmtrees,sandybeaches,andblue,clearskieshadbeenbroughtintothestudio!

Sinceitwasourturnnext,wewereleftwonderingwhatscenewouldbepreparedforus.Forafullthreeminutesinourliveswewouldbeexperiencingtheexcitementofbeingfilm〞Stars〞!

64.Whoistheauthor?

A.Acameraman.

B.Afilmdirector.

C.Acrowd-sceneactor

D.Aworkmanforscenesetting

65.Whatmadetheauthorfeelcold?

A.Theheavysnowfall.

B.Theman-madescene.

C.Thelowtemperature.

D.Thefilmbeingshown.

66.Whatwouldhappeninthe"threeminutes"mentioned,inthelastparagraph?

A.Anewscenewouldbefilmed.

B.Morestarswouldactinthefilm.

C.Theauthorwouldleavethestudio.

D.Thenextscenewouldbeprepared.

高考英語(yǔ)〔適合AB班做〕

ThepacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru’sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.

Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedontheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798.HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.

However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thenwhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Aten-yearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900.

Nauru’srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate(磷酸鹽)ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichisaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate.

Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine.Whenacompanystrip-mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoil.Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants.Strip-miningtotallydestroystheland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon.

In1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.Everyyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate.

Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasalmostfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately＄433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.

56.Whatmightbetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.ToseekhelpforNauru’sproblems.

B.Togiveawarningtoothercountries.

C.Toshowtheimportanceofmoney.

D.Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar.

57.WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame?

A.Richandpowerful.B.Modernandopen.

C.PeacefulandattractiveD.Greedyandaggressive.

58.TheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom____.

A.soilpollutionB.phosphateovermining

C.farmingactivityD.whalehunting

59.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru’sfinancialproblem?

A.Itsleadersmisusedthemoney.

B.Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland.

C.Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney.

D.Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.

60.WhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastparagraph?

A.Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.

B.Theleaderswilltaketheexperts’wordsseriously.

C.TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans.

D.Thephosphateminesweredestroyed.

高考真題〔適合A班做〕

MoneyMatters

Parentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.71soyoumaystarttallkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.

Thebasicfunctionofmoney

Beingexplainingthebasicfunctionofmoneybyshowinghowpeopletrademoneyforgoodsorservices.it’simportanttoshowyourchildhowmoneyistradedforthethinghewantstohave.Ifhewantstohaveatoy,givehimthemoneyandlethimhandthemoneytothecashier.72whenyourchildgrowsabitolderandunderstandsthebasicfunctionofmoney,youcanstartexplainingmorecomplexwaysofusingmoney.

2.Moneylessons

Approachmoneylessonswithopennessandhonesty.73Ifyoumustsaynotoachild’srequesttospendmoney,explain,〞Youhaveenoughtoytrucksfornow.〞Or,iftherequestisformanydifferentthings,say.“Youhavetomakeachoicebetweenthistoyandthattoy.〞

3.74

Beginatthegrocerystore.Pickputsimilarbrandsofaproduct—anamebrandbutterandageneric(無(wú)商標(biāo)產(chǎn)品),forexample.Youcanshowyourchildhowtomakechoicesbetweendifferentbrandsofaproductsothatyoucansavemoney.75Ifhechoosesthecheaperbrand,allowhimtomakeanotherpurchasewiththemoneysaved.Later,youmayexplainshowthemoreexpensivechoiceleaveslessmoneyforotherpurchases.

A.wisedecision.

B.Thevalueofmoney.

C.Permitthechildwhyhecan—orcannot—havecertainthings.

D.Talkyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.

E.Askyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.

F.Talkabouthowthemoneyboughtthethingafteryouleavethetoystore.

G.Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest.

高考真題〔適合B班做〕

MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinittwice.However,fewpeopleknowthatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.

BorninSeptember,1987,IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuries’twodaughters.Alongwithnineotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirownschool,andhermotherwasoneoftheteachers.ShefinishedherhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSévignéinParis.

IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepareforadegreeinmathematicsandphysics.WhenWorldWarIbegan,Irenewenttohelphermother,whowasusingX-rayfacilities〔設(shè)備〕tohelpsavethelivesofwoundedsoldiers.IrenecontinuedtheworkbydevelopingX-rayfacilitiesinmilitaryhospitalsinFranceandBelgrum.HerserviceswererecognisedintheformofaMilitary’s