2023屆虹口區(qū)高考英語二模

第頁虹口區(qū)2023學年度第二學期期終教學質量監(jiān)控測試高三英語試卷2023.04考生注意：1.考試時間120分鐘，試卷總分值140分。2.本考試設試卷和答題紙兩局部。所有答題必須涂〔選擇題〕或寫〔非選擇題〕在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分。3.答題前，務必在答題紙上填寫準考證號和姓名，并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上，在答題紙反面清楚地填寫姓名。第I卷(共100分)I.ListeningComprehensionII.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Nook’sarrival,GoodorBad?Booklovers,mostofthem,willtellyou(21)_________apleasureitistolendafavoritereadtothefriendthenovelyoustayedupallnighttogettotheendof;thetravelbookthatmadeyoufeel(22)_________youyourselfwereonatrainridethroughIndia.Forawhileitseemedthate-bookusersweretobedeniedthispleasureoflendingtofriends.Youcouldbuyabookormagazineforyourreadingdevice,butyoucouldn'tlenditout.Butnow,withtheNock,theUSbookchainBarnesandNoble'sresponsetoAmazon'sKindle,electronicreaderswillbeabletohavetheirlatestliteraryenthusiasm(23)_________(press)ontheirfriends,justlikereadersofphysicalbookscan,YousimplyemailthebookfromyourNookandyourfriendcanreaditfortwoweeks,(24)_________(use)anydevicewiththeBarnes&Noblee-bookreadersoftware.It'sabigimprovementfrompreviouse-bookreaders.TheNookoffersotherfeaturestoo.Youreadinblackandwhiteonthemainscreen.justlikewithKindle.Thedifferenceis(25)_________onthelowerpartofthedevicethere'sacolourtouchscreen,(26)_________allowsyoutobrowsethroughabookoramagazine,butgoesblackwhenyou'renotusingitsothatyousavepower.(27)_________excitingthingabouttheNookisthatitoffersWi-Fi,arguablyabigadvanceonpreviouse-bookreaders.CustomersintheUnitedStatescanusetheInternetconnection(28)_________(read)wholee-booksatBarnes&Nobleforhundredsofbookstoresforfree.NoneofBarnes&Noble’scompetitorscancomeclosetothis.ButtheNook,ironically,(29)_________(turnout)tobeamoney-loserforBarnes&Noble,oratleastajob-loserforBarnes&Noble'semployees.AccordingtoMarianMonikeratTheBigMoneyWebsite,(30)_________theNookissuccessfulitmighttakesalesfromthecompany’sbookstores,eventuallyforcingtheirclosureandthelossofthousandsofjobs.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.branch B.departmentC.appropriate D.expansion E.withdrew F.dominatedG.licensed H.contract I.considerable J.brands K.breakthroughForeignGiantsTargetChineseMilkMarketEuropeandairyproductsgiantArlaFoodshaschosenaleadingChinesemilkmanufactureasabusinesspartnerforits(31)________inChina–aclearsignthatoverseascompaniesarestartingtocultivatehugeChina’sdairymarketbytyingupwithlocalplayers.Arlasignedthecooperation(32)________,whichcomesintoeffectthismonth,withMengniuDairyattheendofAugusttosetupamilk-powderjointventureinHohhot,capitalofNorthChina’sInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion.ThedealbetweenArleFoodsandMengniucanbeseenasanew(33)________forMultinational’sre-entryintothesector.Manyforeigngiantshavefounditdifficulttocreate(34)________profitsindomesticmilkmarket,especiallytheliquid-milksector,whichisfollowedcloselybypricewarsanddominatedbylocal(35)________companieslikeDanone,KraftandFrieslandCobercohavequitteddairyproductioninChina.AfewhavebeensuccessfulNestle,Inter,Bristo-MyersSquibbandWyethhave(36)________thehigh-endmilk-formulamarketinChina.“Wewillwatchthemarketcloselyandre-investhereina(n)(37)________time,〞anofficialoftheDutchfirmFrieslandsaidwhenit(38)itsinvestmentinitsTianjinjointventurelastyearaftereightyears.Thecompanyhas(39)________itsChinesepartnertocontinueusingitsDutchladybrandandalsosellsitsimportedFrisoinfantfoods,DutchLadymilkpowderandDutchladyCalcimexintheChinesemarketthroughits(40)________companyinHongKong.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Ourmodernworkinglivesareruledbytheconceptofcompetence(能力).Theideathatliesbehindcompetenceisquitesimple:thatonecanstatewhatpeopleshoulddoinbehavioralterms,andthen_____41____whetherapersonhassucceededinmeetingthattaskornot.Werarelyhaveasecondthoughtaboutwhethertheideaofmeasuringandachievingcompetenceisagoodoneornot._____42____,itisadebatableone.Humansdonotlearnorworkinwaysthatcanbemeasuredbythe_____43____ofcompetence.Taketheexampleofabaristawhoisbeingtrainedtomakecoffee.Thejobtitleof“barista〞____44_____adegreeofskillinmakingcoffee.However,baristasinlargecoffeechainsareusuallytrainedthrough_____45____qualifications.Onepartofthesequalificationsistoproduceacupofcoffeetomeeta(n)____46_____standard.Itmighthavetoachieveacertaintasteandappearance.Thismightseemperfectlyreasonable,buttherearetworeasonswhysuchanapproachtotrainingbaristasdoesnot____47_____.First,theproductionofacupofcoffeetoacertainstandardisabinary(二次元的)____48____.Thebaristascaneitherproduceacoffeeofacertainstandardortheycannot.Iftheyhappentoproducethebestcupofcoffeeintheworld,itdoesnotmatter,ascompetence-basedtrainingdoesnotrewardoutstandingperformance._____49____,producingtheworstcupofcoffeewouldbeafailinthesamewayasproducingacupjustbelowthestandard.Infact,competenceisnotinterestedintheprocessofproducingacoffeeatallonlythefinalbinaryoutcome.Second,ifthebaristadoesproduceacoffeetoacertain______50___,competenceisnotinterestedinwhythebaristacandothat.Buthumansarenotmachinesthat_____51____producebinaryoutcomes.Wehavebodiesandmindswhich____52_____throughlearning.Yetweareincreasinglyforcedto____53_____competenceinourschoolsandworkplace.Wearenotemptymachinesthatsimplyproducebinaryoutcomes.Ifwewanttobetruehumaninourlearningandourworkplace,weneedtobe_____54____andspecial.Learningandinnovationinvolvefailureinaimingforsomethingthatisunusuallygood.Suchthingssimplycannotbe_____55____bythestandardofcompetencewherethemediocre(平凡的)isthegoldstandard.41.A.questionB.predictC.measureD.confirm42.A.AsaruleB.AsawholeC.InotherwordsD.Infact43.A.impressionB.conceptC.valueD.development44.A.suggestsB.assumesC.deservesD.inherits45.A.society-basedB.self-basedC.pleasure-basedD.competence-based46.A.minimumB.uniqueC.traditionalD.international47.A.lastB.workC.existD.change48.A.challengeB.appearanceC.outcomeD.practice49.A.ThereforeB.InsteadC.MoreoverD.Likewise50.A.agreementB.extentC.standardD.description51.A.typicallyB.simplyC.cheaplyD.occasionally52.A.alterB.expandC.createD.exhaust53.A.handleB.classifyC.transferD.achieve54.A.commonB.sociableC.creativeD.mature55.A.judgedB.achievedC.restoredD.presentedSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)WilliamHerschelwasbornonNovember15th,1738inHanoverinafamilyofmusicians.In1757,hefledtoEnglandandbeganearningalivingasanorganistandlatercomposerandconductor.In1772,heconvincedhissisterCarolinetojoinhimasasinger.Intheirsparetimethebrother-sisterteambecameoccupiedinastronomy.WilliamdiedathishomeinSlough,nearWindsoronAugust25th,1822,andCarolineonSeptember1st,1848.Herschel'sfirstmajordiscoveriesweretoshowthatMarsandJupiterexhibitaxialrotation(繞軸自轉).Herschelstruckfamein1781,whenonMarch13th,hediscoveredtheplanetUranus(天王星〕whileengagedinworkaimedatdeterminingstellarparallax(恒星視差).Thisbeingthefirstnewplanetdiscoveredsinceancienttimes,Herschel,untilthenamereamateurastronomerrelativelyunknowneveninEngland,becameworld-famous.Adoptingahistoricallyprovenstrategy,HerschelnamedthenewplanetGeorgiumSidum,inhonorofthethenrulingEnglishkingGeorgeIII.Thetrickworkedonceagain,askingGeorgeIIIgaveWilliamandCarolinethetitlesof"TheKing5sAstronomer"and"Assistanttotheking'sAstronomer",anhonorwhichcamewithalife'spensionforboth.In1782theymovedtoBath,andshortlythereaftertoSlough,andfromthispointonWilliamandCarolinecoulddevotethemselvesentirelytoastronomy.TheHerschelwentontodiscovertwomoonsofUranusin1787.WhileCarolinebecameincreasinglyoccupiedwiththesearchforcometsatwhichshewasquitesuccessful.WilliambecameforatimeinterestedintheSun.InspiredbyWilson5s1774work,heputforththetheoryofsunspot,anopinionthatcontinuedtoexistwellintothenineteenthcentury.In1800,hebecameinterestedinthesolarspectrum(太陽光譜)，anduncoveredthefirstevidenceforsolarenergyoutputoutsideofthevisiblespectrum,inwhatisnowknownastheinfrared(紅外線).In1801,hepublishedtwopapersthateffectivelystartedthefieldofsolarinfluencesonEarth’sweather.56.Herschelmadehimselfknowntotheworldmainlyby_____________.A.discoveringtheplanetUranusB.determiningstellarparallaxC.discoveringtwomoonsofUranusD.uncoveringtheevidencefortheinfrared57.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatGeorgeIII____________.A.likedscienceandtechnologyB.likedHerschel'snamingofthenewplanetC.wasinterestedinastronomyD.gaveHerschelalotofusefulsuggestions58.WhatdoweknowaboutCarolinefromthepassage?A.Shewassuccessfulinmusic.B.Shewastitled"Theking'sAstronomerC.Shediedlaterthanherbrother.D.Shepublishedtwopapers59.Thispassagemainlytellsreaders____________A.someinformationaboutHerschelandhissisterB.howHerschelandhissisterdiscoveredtheplanetUranusC.HerschelandCarolinegotalongwellwitheachotherD.HerschelandCaroline'smajorscientificpublications()OSRHREOOIG-inesnTheoxffcesopnondytoSturd,10-8p.-yostSttngtheprformcendchoceofss,encosngachqu,postlord,oryourcrdtcrddtstoscrThtreoxffc,POox220,nstrt.llchqusshoudbemdepybletocrThtre-yteehoneng08448472484torsrveyortcktsortopybycrdtcrd(s,astrrdccptd)-on-lieomptetheon-lnebookngformtocrthtreco.ISOSSave:$2ofanystbookdnytmendvnceforprformcsfromondytoThursdyncusv,ndforlmtns(下午場.Svrsrevbeforchdrnupto16yrsod,ovr60sndfu-tmestudnts.Suesae:hf-prcessrevbeforpopewthdsbltsndonecmpnon.Itsdvsbetobookndvnc.Thresamxmumofghtwhchrspcsvbendonwwlairspcewlbeheduntilonehourbforethesh(subcttovbilty)Stany:bstviblestsreonsefor$6fromonehourbfretheprformceforpopligible(有資格)forSvrndSuprsvrdcountsndthrtymnutsbforeforalothrcustoms.oupookings:thresatnprcntdscountforprtsofwormor.Shools:choolprtsoftnormorecnbook$9tcksndvncendwllgtvrytnthtcktfr.leaent:wreunbetoxchngetcktsorrfundmonyunssaprfrmncescncdduetounforsnccumstc.60.Whenbookingbypost,youcanpayforaticketby___________.A.visitingthewebsiteofapostofficeB.goingtoyourlocalbankinpersonC.enclosingyourMasterCardinanenvelopeD.providingyourcreditcardinformation61.Whatbenefitcanbookersenjoyaccordingtothetext?A.Agroupoftenadultsgoingtoaperformancecanclaimadiscount.B.Aschoolpartyof15personsthatbookinadvancepay$135intotalforaperformance.C.Someoneaccompanyingawheelchairusertoaperformancereceivesadiscount.D.An18-year-oldteenageriseligibleforSaverdiscounts.62.Accordingtothetext,_________cangetStandbyticket.A.65-year-oldsbuyingticketsanhourandahalfbeforeaperformancebeginsB.fulltimestudentsbuyingtickets45minutesbeforeaperformancebeginsC.theatre-goerswhoareunexpectedlyunabletobepresentataperformance.D.anyonewhobuysticketsanhourbeforeaperformancebegins(C)Here’sthescarythingabouttheidentity-theftringthatthefedscrackedlastweek:therewasnothinganyofitsestimated40,000victimscouldhavedonetopreventitfromhappening.Thiswasaninsidejob,accordingtocourtdocuments.Alowlyhelp-deskworkeratTeledataCommunications,asoftwarefirmthathelpsbanksaccesscreditreportsonline,allegedlystolepasswordsforthosereportsandsoldthemtoagroupof20thievesat$60apop.Thatallowedthegangtocherry-pickconsumerswithgoodcreditandapplyforallkindsofaccountsintheirnames.Costtothevictims:$3millionandrising.Evenscarieristhatthis,thelargestidentity-theftbusttodate,isjustadropinthebitbucket.Morethan700,000Americanshavetheircredithijackedeveryyear.It'soneofcrime'sbiggestgrowthmarkets.Aname,addressandSocialSecuritynumber--whichcanoftenbefoundontheWeb--isallanybodyneedstoapplyforaboguslineofcredit.Creditcompaniesmake$1.3trillionannuallyandloselessthan2%ofthatrevenuetofraud,sothere'slittlefinancialincentiveforthemtomaketheapplicationprocessmoresecure.Asitstandsnow,it'suptoyoutoprotectyouridentity.Thegoodnewsisthatthereareplentyofstepsyoucantake.Mostcreditthievesareopportunists,notwell-organizedgangs.AlotofthemgoDumpsterdivingforthosemillionsof"pre-approved"credit-cardmailingsthatgoouteveryday.Othersstealwalletsandreturnthem,takingonlyaSocialSecuritynumber.ShreddingyourjunkmailandleavingyourSocialSecuritycardathomecansavealotofagonylater.Butthemosteffectivewaytokeepyouridentitycleanistocheckyourcreditreportsonceortwiceayear.Therearethreemajorcredit-reportoutfits:Equifax(atequifax),Trans-Union(transunion)andExperian(experian).Allallowyoutoorderreportsonline,whichisalotbetterthanwadingthroughvoice-mailhellontheir800lines.Ofthethree,IfoundTransUnion'swebsitetobethecheapestandmostcomprehensive--layingoutstate-by-stateprices,rightsandtipsforconsumersineasy-to-readfashion.Ifyou'reluckyenoughtoliveinColorado,Georgia,Maryland,Massachusetts,NewJerseyorVermont,youareentitledtoonefreereportayearbylaw.Otherwiseit'sgoingtocost$8to$14eachtime.Avoidservicesthatoffertomonitoryourreportsyear-roundforabout$70;that's$10morethanthegoingrateamongthieves.Ifyouthinkyou'reavictimofidentitytheft,youcanaskforfraudalertstobeputonfileateachofthethreecredit-reportcompanies.Youcanalsodownloadatheft-reportformat/idtheft,which,alongwithalocalpolicereport,shouldhelpwheniratecreditorscomeknocking.Justdon'texpectjustice.Thataudacioushelp-deskworkerwasoneofthefewerthan2%ofidentitythieveswhoareevercaught.63.Theexpression“insidejob〞(Line2,Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans_________.A.acrimethatiscommittedbyapersonworkingforthevictimB.acrimethatshouldbepunishedseverelyC.acrimethatdoesgreatharmtothevictimD.acrimethatposesagreatthreattothesociety64.Thecreditorscanprotecttheiridentityinthefollowingwayexcept________.A.destroyingyourjunkmailB.leavingyourSocialSecuritycardathomeC.visitingthecredit-reportwebsiteregularlyD.obtainingthefreereportfromthegovernment65.Itiseasytohavecredit-theftbecause________________A.Morepeopleareusingcreditservice.B.Theapplicationprogramisnotsafeenough.C.Creditorsusuallydisclosetheiridentity.D.Creditorsarenotcarefulabouttheiridentity.66.Thebesttitleofthetextis________A.Thedangerofcredit-theftB.ThelossofthecreditorsC.HowtoprotectyourgoodnameD.WhythecreditorslosetheiridentitySectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithaproperseengiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesthanyouneed.A.Whenyouaredonewithyourtaskthenrewardyourself.B.Makesureyouonlyrestfor10minutes.C.Oryoucanworkharderandstartanevenbiggerproject.D.Setakitchentimerandsaytoyourselfthatyouonlyhavetodothisworkfor10minutes.E.Whenyousortpapers，dothelaundryordothedishes,befullythere.F.Youdon'talwayshavetodojustonethingatatimeinsilence.WaystoBeMoreEfficientNotalltasksofthedayareinspiring.Butyoustillhavetowashthosedishesandtakecareofthoseroutinetasksatworkorinschool.Sowhatcanyoudonottogetlostinprocrastination(拖延)?I’llsharehowIdoit,howIgetsomemotivationandfindmorepleasureinwhatmayseemtobeaboringtask.Insteadoffocusingyourmindonhowboringataskmayfeel,focusonyourthoughtonwhyyouaredoingthisandhowgooditwillfeelwhenyouaredonewithit.Ifneeded,sitdownforafewminutes,closeyoureyesandseeinyourmind.Thengotoworkwiththatmotivationandthosepositivefeelingsinyourbody.Doitattentively.______67_____.Focus100%onjusttheworkwithallyoursense-howitfeels,looks,andsmells–asyouarescrubbingitandnothingelse.Don’tgetlostindaydreams.Ifyouarejustthere,Ihavefoundthatevensuchasimpletaskbecomesmoreenjoyableandsomethingthatcanbringinnercalmratherthandistress.Makeadealwithyourselfandsetatimerfor10minutes.Itisofteneasiertodotaskliketheseinsmallbursts.Somakeadealwithyourselftojustspend10minutesonyourreadingorcleaningthehouse.________68_____.Whenthetimerringsyoucancontinuedoingitiffeellikeit(thisoftenhappenstomebecausegettingstartedisthehardpart).Oryoucanstopandgodosomethingmoreinterestinginstead.Createapleasurabledistraction.Ifpossible，trytolistentotheradio,yourfavoritesongs，anaudiobookorwatchamovieorTVepisodewhiledoingyourboringtask._____69____.IoftenlistentomusicorwatchanepisodeoftheSimpsonswhiledoingthedishesorotherroutineworkathome._______70_____.Takeawalkinthesun.Moveontomorefunorcreativetaskatworkorinschool.Haveatastytreat.Thishabitcanmakeiteasiertogetstartedandtokeepgoingeachday.Becauseyouknowthatyoucanlookforwardtonotjustbeingdoneandthelong-termpayofffromthatbutalsoyourimmediaterewardrightafteryouarefinished.IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Clearlyifwearetoparticipateinthesocietyinwhichwelive,wemustcommunicatewithotherpeople.Agreatdealofcommunicatingisperformedonaperson-to-personbasisbythesimplemeansofspeech.Ifwetravelinbuses,buythingsinshops,oreatinrestaurants,wearelikelytohaveconversationswherewegiveinformationoropinions,receivenewsorcommentandverylikelyhaveourviewschallengedbyothermembersofsociety.Face-tofacecontactisbynomeanstheonlyformofcommunicationandduringthelasttwohundredyearstheartofmasscommunicationhasbecomeoneofthedominatingfactorsofcurrentsociety.Twothings,aboveothers,havecausedtheenormousgrowthofthecommunicationindustry.Firstly,inventivenesshasledtoadvancesinprinting,telecommunications,photography,radioandtelevision.Secondly,speedhasrevolutionizedthetransmissionandreceptionofcommunicationssothatlocalnesoftentakesabackseattonationalnews,whichitselfisoftenalmosteclipsed(失去優(yōu)勢)byinternationalnews.Nolongeristhepossessionofinformationrestrictedtoawealthyminority.Inthelastcenturythewealthymanwithhisownlibrarywasindeedfortunate,buttodaytherearepubliclibraries.Fortyyearsago,peopleusedtogotothecinema,butnowfarmorepeoplesitathomeandturnontheTVtowatchaprogramthatisbeingchanneledintomillionsofhomes.Communicationisnolongermerelyconcernedwiththetransmissionofinformation.Themodemcommunicationinfluencestheway,peoplelive