2022年考研考博-考博英語-暨南大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)15

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-暨南大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Nowadayspopmusicsingersofforeigncountries（）tomostofouryouths.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attract

B.appreciation

C.appeal

D.approve

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)attract“吸引”；B選項(xiàng)appreciation“欣賞”；C選項(xiàng)appeal“呼吁，對(duì)……有吸引力”；D選項(xiàng)approve“批準(zhǔn)，贊成”。句意：現(xiàn)在外國(guó)的流行音樂歌手對(duì)我們大多數(shù)年輕人很有吸引力。appealto“對(duì)……有吸引力”符合句意，A選項(xiàng)attract做及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)意思是“吸引，引起”，做不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)意思是“吸引，有吸引力”，B、D選項(xiàng)不符句意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Congressrecognizedthemoremoneyforbettereducationandjobtrainingis（）tocompetitiveness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adaptable

B.applicable

C.crucial

D.cryst

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)adaptable“適合的，可修改的”；B選項(xiàng)applicable“可應(yīng)用的，合適的”；C選項(xiàng)crucial“重要的”；D選項(xiàng)cryst“結(jié)晶的”。句意：國(guó)會(huì)意識(shí)到，為改善教育和職業(yè)培訓(xùn)提供更多資金對(duì)提高競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力至關(guān)重要。本句表示“提供資金給教育和職業(yè)培訓(xùn)對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的作用”，經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)決定上層建筑，一般都有很重要的作用，C選項(xiàng)crucial“重要的”符合句意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Themotherreallytookprideinherson,a（）artistwhohadalreadyheldseveralnationalexhibitions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prospective

B.perspective

C.descriptive

D.partial

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prospective“未來的，預(yù)期的”；B選項(xiàng)perspective“透視的”；C選項(xiàng)descriptive“描述性的”；D選項(xiàng)partial“局部的，偏袒的”。句意：這位母親真的為自己的兒子感到驕傲，因?yàn)樗麅鹤游磥頃?huì)是一位藝術(shù)家，已經(jīng)舉辦過好幾次全國(guó)性的展覽?？崭窈蟮膬?nèi)容都是描述兒子的，從舉辦過好幾次展覽可知兒子最有可能成為未來的一位藝術(shù)家，所以A選項(xiàng)符合句意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Severalmonthspreviously,theworkershadpetitionedthecompanyfora25percentwageincreaseand（）ofstrictersafetyregulations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.implement

B.endowment

C.enforcement

D.engagement

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查了同形詞辨析。implement“實(shí)施；工具”；endowment“捐贈(zèng)；天賦”；enforcement“實(shí)施；執(zhí)行”；engagement“約定”，此處應(yīng)該選擇一個(gè)名詞，根據(jù)regulation“規(guī)范；管理”，可知此處應(yīng)該填一個(gè)表示“實(shí)施”的名詞，所以可以排除選項(xiàng)B、D；implement做動(dòng)詞是“實(shí)施”的意思，但是做名詞是“工具”的意思，所以此處應(yīng)該用enforcement，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

5.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

AndresearcherssaythatlikethoseliteraryromanticsRomeoandJuliet,theymaybeblindtotheconsequencesoftheirquestsforanidealizedmatewhoservestheireveryphysicalandemotionalneed.Nearly19in20never-marriedrespondentstoanationalsurveyagreethatwhenyoumarryyouwantspousetobeyoursoulmate,firstandforemostaccordingtotheStateofourUnions:2001studyreleasedWednesdaybyRutgersUniversity.

DavidPopenoe,aRutgerssociologistandoneofthestudy’sauthors,saidthatviewmightspelldoomformarriages.“Itreallyprovidesaveryunrealisticviewofwhatmarriagereallyis,”Popenoesaid.“Thestandardbecomessohigh,it’snoteasytobailoutifyoudidn’tfindasoulmate.”

Thesurveypointstoafundamentaldilemmainwhichyoungerpeoplewantmorefromtheinstitutionofmarriagewhiletheyseeminglyareunwillingtomakethenecessarycommitments.

Thesurveyalsosuggeststhatsomerespondentsexpecttoomuchfromaspouse,includingthekindofemotionalsupportrenderedbysamesexfriends.Theauthorsofthestudysuggestthatthegenerationthatwaspolledmaymorequicklyleaveamarriagebecauseofinfidelitythanpastgenerations.

Popenoesaidthepoll,conductedbytheGallupOrganization,isthefirstofitskindtoconcentrateonpeopleintheir20s.Atotalof1,003marriedandsingleyoungadultsnationwidewereinterviewedbytelephonebetweenJanuaryandMarch.Themarginoferrorwasplusorminusfourpercentagepoints.

Respondentssaidtheyeventuallywanttogetmarried,realizeit’salotofworkandthinktherearetoomanydivorces.Theybelievethereisonerightpersonforthemouttheresomewhereandthinktheirownmarriageswon’tendindivorce.

Sincethepollisthefirstofitskind,researcherssayitisimpossibletosayifexpectationsaboutmarriagearechangingorstatic.

Butscholarssaythesearchforsoulmateshasincreasedoverthelastgeneration—andthelastcentury—asmarriagehasbecomeaninstitutioncenteringonromanceratherthanutility.“Onehundredyearsago,peoplemarriedforfinancialreasons,fortyingfamiliestogether,theymarriedforpoliticalreasons,”SaidJohnDeLamater,asociologistattheUniversityofWisconsin.“Andmostpeoplehadchildren.”

ThoseconditionsarenolongerthecaseforyoungadultslikeDavidAsher,a24-yearwaiterinaTrentoncafewhohasbeeninarelationshipforabouttwoyears.Hewantstowaittomakesurehe’sreadytochangevows“Iknowalotofithastodowithfinancialreasons,”hesaid.“Maybeifyou’regoingtohavechildren,marriageisthebestbet.”Butthemainreasonformatrimony.“Ifyou’reinlovewithsomeone,it’ssortoflikepromisingtothemyouareinlove.”

That’sallwellandgood,saidHeatherHelms-Erikson,anassistantprofessorofhumandevelopmentandfamilystudiesattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatGreensboro,butpassionpartlyinendorphin—causedphysiologicalphenomenon—hasbeenknowntodiminishintime.

1.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?

2.Thenewstudyinthispassageshowsthat（）.

3.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorwouldmostlikelyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementsregardingmarriage?

4.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthedifferencesbetweenthisgenerationandthepastgenerationsasfarasmarriageisconcerned?

5.WhichofthefollowingsentenceswillHeatherHelms-Eriksonusetoillustrateherownargument?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.MarriageScholarsWorrySearchfor“SoulMates”isunrealistic

B.PeopleShouldSeekforRomanticLovelikeRomeoandJuliet

C.MarriageShouldHappenbetweenSoulMates

D.Searchfor“SoulMates”ShouldbesupersededbyReality

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.manyAmericanareverypracticalwhentheysearchforaspouse

B.American20-somethingshavealargelyromanticviewofmarriage

C.Romanticviewofmarriagemightleadmarriagetoahappyending

D.Americansarefondofmarriagelifesotheywillnotcarecohabitation

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itusuallyinvolvesidealizedmateswhocanservetheireveryphysicalandemotionalneed.

B.Itmaynotberealizedunlessthecoupleconsidercarefullyabouttheirresponsibilityandcommitment.

C.Itbecomesmoreunrealisticnowadaysthaninthepastbecausemostpeoplecenteronromanceinsteadofutility.

D.Itresultsfrommanyreasonssuchasfinancialreasons,familyreunion,apoliticalreasons.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyoungpeoplenowadaysrequiremorefrommarriagebuttheyseemnottobewillingtomakenecessarycommitments.

B.Thisgenerationexpectstoomuchfromtheirspouseandtheycannotkeeptobefaithfullytotheirhusbandsorwives.

C.Theyoungpeopleatpresentpaymoreattentiontolookforsoulmatesthanthepastgenerationswhentheysearchofpartners.

D.Nowsomeyoungpeopleusuallymarryforthesamereasonsastheoldergenerationssuchasfinancialonesandchildren.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Tenyearsintoamarriage,youwillstillhavegreatpassionandyounoticesometoneelseandsay,“Onlymywifeorhusbandismysoulmate.”

B.“Theromanticpartofmarriagewhileitcanbethere—shouldnotbesubstitutedbyotherthingssuchassharedvaluesandsocialstatus.”

C.“Thecoupleshouldfocusonthe‘threeCs’—communication,conflictresolutionandcommitmenttomakemarriagethefirstpriority.”

D.“Tenyearsintoamarriage,youdon’thavethatanymoreandyounoticesomeoneelseandthinkmaybethispersonismysoulmate.”

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。這篇文章最佳標(biāo)題是什么？選項(xiàng)A婚姻研究者擔(dān)心尋找“靈魂伴侶”這種想法很不現(xiàn)實(shí)；選項(xiàng)B“人們應(yīng)該尋找像羅密歐和朱麗葉那樣的愛情”；選項(xiàng)C“婚姻是靈魂伴侶之間的事”；選項(xiàng)D“和靈魂伴侶的婚姻最終會(huì)被現(xiàn)實(shí)打敗”，本文中，作者主要介紹了關(guān)于年輕人對(duì)于婚姻的態(tài)度問題的一個(gè)調(diào)查，結(jié)果顯示許多年輕人都?jí)粝霌碛徐`魂伴侶，通過對(duì)年輕人的婚姻態(tài)度問題進(jìn)行分析之后，文章最后一段表明，有研究者表示婚姻中的熱情會(huì)隨著時(shí)間而消失，所以可以排除選項(xiàng)B和選項(xiàng)C；而選項(xiàng)D所表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)又過于絕對(duì)，所以正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。

第2題:主旨大意題。這篇文章中新的研究表明了什么，選項(xiàng)A“許多美國(guó)人在尋找配偶時(shí)非常的物質(zhì)”；選項(xiàng)B“20多歲的美國(guó)年輕人有著非常浪漫的婚姻觀”；選項(xiàng)C“羅曼蒂克式的婚姻觀也許會(huì)帶來幸福的婚姻”；選項(xiàng)D“美國(guó)人非常熱衷婚姻生活，所以他們不會(huì)在乎同居”，選項(xiàng)A所表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)與研究結(jié)果相悖，許多美國(guó)人在尋找配偶時(shí)不是非常的物質(zhì)，而是抱著非常浪漫的想法；選項(xiàng)C不屬于研究表明的觀點(diǎn)，在最新的研究中，研究者表現(xiàn)出對(duì)于浪漫的婚姻觀的擔(dān)憂，而不是贊成；選項(xiàng)D文章沒有提到，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

第3題:推理判斷題?？梢酝茢喑鲎髡邔?duì)于以下關(guān)于婚姻的看法中最有可能同意哪個(gè)？選項(xiàng)A“它通常發(fā)生在可以滿足彼此生理和心理需求的理想伴侶之間”；選項(xiàng)B“如果夫妻不認(rèn)真考慮他們的責(zé)任和承諾的話，婚姻將很難維持”；選項(xiàng)C“現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人注重愛情而不是物質(zhì)，這讓婚姻相比過去而言，變得更加不現(xiàn)實(shí)”；選項(xiàng)D“婚姻是由許多因素共同決定的，比如經(jīng)濟(jì)原因，家族團(tuán)結(jié)和政治原因”，文章中作者只是站在一個(gè)客觀的角度來講述年輕人的婚姻觀和影響婚姻的一些因素，并沒有主觀的傾向哪一種婚姻，所以選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C可以排除，因?yàn)榍罢邇A向于靈魂伴侶，后者傾向于物質(zhì)婚姻；選項(xiàng)D所表達(dá)的只是在過去人們結(jié)婚的原因，作者并沒有表示贊成；選項(xiàng)B所表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)正是現(xiàn)在的年輕人對(duì)待婚姻所存在的問題，所以最有可能是作者贊成的，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。以下哪一點(diǎn)不是這一代與上一代關(guān)于婚姻的看法的差別？選項(xiàng)A“現(xiàn)在的年輕人要求從婚姻中獲得很多，但是他們似乎不愿做出承諾”；選項(xiàng)B“這一代人期待從配偶那里獲得很多，然而他們并不能對(duì)自己的丈夫或者妻子保持忠誠(chéng)”；選項(xiàng)C“現(xiàn)在的年輕人相比上一代人尋找同伴而言他們更多的關(guān)注尋找靈魂伴侶”；選項(xiàng)D“現(xiàn)在的年輕人和老一輩一樣因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)因素和孩子而結(jié)婚”，選項(xiàng)A、B和C都在文章中有體現(xiàn)，選項(xiàng)D的表達(dá)與文章第8段中“Butscholarssaythesearchforsoulmateshasincreasedoverthelastgeneration—andthelastcentury—asmarriagehasbecomeaninstitutioncenteringonromanceratherthanutility.但是學(xué)者表明尋找靈魂伴侶這種想法超過了上一輩——以及上個(gè)世紀(jì)——婚姻變成了愛情的殿堂而不是物質(zhì)”，從此處我們可以看出現(xiàn)在的年輕人更多的是因?yàn)閻矍槎Y(jié)婚，所以選項(xiàng)D的表述錯(cuò)誤，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。

第5題:推理判斷題。HeatherHelms-Erikson會(huì)用以下哪些話來證明她的觀點(diǎn)？選項(xiàng)A“結(jié)婚十年后，你依然對(duì)婚姻充滿激情，而且你會(huì)聽到有人說，之后我的妻子或者丈夫是我的靈魂伴侶”；選項(xiàng)B“婚姻中的愛情不應(yīng)該被其他東西所取代，比如相同的價(jià)值觀和社會(huì)地位”；選項(xiàng)C“夫妻應(yīng)該關(guān)注原則溝通，沖突解決辦法和承諾，以保持婚姻的優(yōu)先權(quán)”；選項(xiàng)D“結(jié)婚十年后，你不再有熱情了，當(dāng)你遇到另一個(gè)人然后你會(huì)認(rèn)為也許這個(gè)才是我的靈魂伴侶”，做題之前我們必須清楚HeatherHelms-Erikson這個(gè)人表達(dá)了什么觀點(diǎn)，根據(jù)最后一段我們認(rèn)為她所表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)是：因?yàn)閻矍槎Y(jié)婚是件很好的事情，但是激情會(huì)隨著時(shí)間而消失。所以我們要從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)能證明“激情會(huì)隨著時(shí)間而消失”這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，所以分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)所表達(dá)的意思可知正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。

6.單選題

Internationalsportshouldcreategoodwillbetweenthenations,butinthepresentorganizationoftheOlympicssomehowencourages（）patriotism.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.obsolete

B.aggressive

C.harmonious

D.amiable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。obsolete“陳舊的，過時(shí)的”；aggressive“侵略性的；好斗的；激進(jìn)的”；harmonious“和諧的”；amiable“親切的；友好的”，此處應(yīng)該選擇一個(gè)形容詞來修飾“愛國(guó)主義”，這種愛國(guó)主義與國(guó)際體育中倡導(dǎo)的國(guó)家之間的友誼是相對(duì)的，故此處最恰當(dāng)?shù)男稳菰~是aggressive。句意：國(guó)際體育應(yīng)該增進(jìn)兩國(guó)之間的友誼，但是目前的奧林匹克組織在某種程度上倡導(dǎo)……愛國(guó)主義。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

7.單選題

Wehadamarvelousholiday;onlythelasttwodayswasslightly（）byweather.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.damaged

B.enhanced

C.spoiled

D.diminished

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。damaged“破壞”；enhanced“提高；加強(qiáng)”；spoiled“溺愛；糟蹋；破壞”；diminished“減少；縮小”，根據(jù)句子前后的轉(zhuǎn)折可知此處想表達(dá)的是最后兩天受到了天氣的不好影響，被破壞了，所以此處應(yīng)該從damaged與spoiled兩個(gè)中間選擇，damage主要是指事物的價(jià)值或功能部分受損，spoil除了有溺愛、寵壞、破壞的意思外，還指事物完整性、完美性或者整體感受的破壞，此處表達(dá)的是最后兩天由于壞的天氣的影響，使其完美性遭到破壞，所以應(yīng)該用spoil。句意：我們度過了一個(gè)十分愉快的假期，只有最后兩天稍微被天氣……了。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

8.單選題

Withtheirmodern,lightweightboat,theysoon（）theoldervesselsintherace.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.overran

B.exceeded

C.outstripped

D.caughtup

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查了同義詞辨析。overran“超過（范圍）”；exceeded“超過，超越（數(shù)量，限制）”；outstripped“超過，趕上”；caughtup“追上，趕上（接名詞時(shí)跟with連用）”，此處指的是在比賽中超過，趕上別人，所以可以排除選項(xiàng)A、B，此處如果使用catchup的話后面應(yīng)該加with，用catchupwith的形式，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

9.單選題

Inthatcountry,apersonwhomarriesbeforelegalagemusthaveaparent’s（）toobtainalicense.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sanction

B.warrant

C.magnate

D.affirmation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。sanction“制裁；認(rèn)可；支持”；warrant“證明；擔(dān)?！?；magnate“巨頭；資本家”；affirmation“主張；斷言”，根據(jù)句意可知在未到法定婚齡的時(shí)候結(jié)婚需要有父母的擔(dān)保，這符合邏輯。句意：在那個(gè)國(guó)家，在法定婚齡前結(jié)婚的人必須要在父母的……下才能拿到證。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

10.單選題

Accordingtothelatestreport,consumerconfidence（）abreathtaking15pointslastmonth,toitslowestlevelin9years.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.soared

B.mutated

C.plummeted

D.fluctuated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。soared“飄升”；mutated“變化；突變”；plummeted“驟降”；fluctuated“波動(dòng)”，根據(jù)lowestlevel“最低水平”可知此處應(yīng)該填plummeted。句意：根據(jù)最近的報(bào)告，消費(fèi)者信任度上個(gè)月驚人的……15個(gè)點(diǎn)，達(dá)到九年中最低值。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

11.單選題

Whenapersondies,hisdebtsmustbepaidbeforehis（）canbedistributed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradoxes

B.legacies

C.platitudes

D.analogies

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。paradoxes“悖論；矛盾的事物”；legacies“遺產(chǎn)”；platitudes“平凡；陳詞濫調(diào)”；analogies“類比；類推”，根據(jù)whenapeopledies“在一個(gè)人死的時(shí)候”和distributed“分發(fā)”，可知此處指的是遺產(chǎn)的分發(fā)。句意：一個(gè)人去世的時(shí)候，在分……之前他的債務(wù)必須償還清楚。正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

12.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

AlanChangwasahandsomeyoungmanwithgoodmanners.

Onemorninghewaswalkingalongastreetonhiswaytoanappointment.Hedidnotwanttobeearlyorlate.Hehadforgottentoputonhiswatchsohewentuptoamanwhowaswaitingforataxi.

“Excuseme,sir,”hesaid,verypolitely,“butcouldyoutellmethetime?”

Theman,whowasverywell-dressedandlookedquiterich,saidnothing.HedidnotevenlookatAlan.

Alanspoketohimagain.“Excuseme,sir,”hesaid,“butcouldyoupleasetellmewhattimeis?”

Thistimethemanlookedathim,buthedidnotspeakandlookedquicklyaway.

Alanthoughttohimself:Well,he’snotdeaf.Hemustbejustrude.

“Whywon’tyoutellmethetime,sir?”hedemanded.

Themanturnedtowardshimandsaid,“Trytounderstandme,Iamstandingherewaitingforataxi.Youcomeuptomeandaskmeforthetime.IfItellittoyou,youwillthankme.Iwillsay,‘That’sallright.’Youmaythensay,‘It’sabeautifulday,’towhichImayreply‘Yes,Ilikethesesunnywinterdays.’Beforeweknowwhatishappeningwehaveafriendlyconversation.Youareapleasant,politeyoungmanandsowhenmytaxicomes,Iofferyouaride.Youaccept.Wetalk.Ilikeyou.Youlikeme.Iinviteyoutomyhome.Youmeetmydaughter.Sheisaveryprettygirl.Youareagood-lookingman.Youlikeeachother.Soonyoufallinlove.Youwanttomarry.Nowdoyouunderstandmyproblem?”

Alanshookhishead.

“Nosir,I’msorry,Idon’t.Everythingyouhavesaidseemsverynaturaltome.”

“Exactly,”themansaid,“andIdonotwantmydaughtertomarryamanwhoistoopoortobuyawatch.Goodmorningtoyou,”andwiththesewordshehurriedaway.

1.WhydidAlanaskthemanwhattimeitwas?

2.WhatdidAlanthinkthemanwaswhenhewouldnottellhimthetime?

3.Whydidn’tthemantellAlanthetime?

4.WhatkindofamandidthemanconsiderAlanChang?

5.Whatisthestoryreallyabout?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hewaslate.

B.Hewasearly.

C.Hehadforgottentoputonhiswatch.

D.Hewantedtomeettheman’sdaughter.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.rude

B.deaf

C.stupid

D.unabletospeakEnglish

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Hedidnotknowit.

B.Hedidnothaveawatch.

C.HethoughtAlanwasathief.

D.HedidnotwanttospeaktoAlan.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.athief

B.apoorman

C.acheat

D.arichman

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.tellingthetime

B.beingrudetopeople

C.notspeakingtostrangers

D.onethingleadingtoanother

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第二段第三句Hehadforgottentoputonhiswatchsohewentuptoamanwhowaswaitingforataxi（他忘了戴表，所以走到一個(gè)正在等出租車的人面前）可知C選項(xiàng)“他忘了戴表”正確。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第七段Alanthoughttohimself:Well,he’snotdeaf.Hemustbejustrude（艾倫心想：嗯，他不是聾子。他一定只是沒有禮貌）可知，A選項(xiàng)“粗魯?shù)?，無禮的”正確。

第3題:推理判斷題。由文章第九段至末尾可知，“那個(gè)男人”不想讓女兒嫁給Alan，因此不想跟他說話，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。A、B、C選項(xiàng)在本文中均未被提及。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由最后一段中的Idonotwantmydaughtertomarryamanwhoistoopoortobuyawatch（我不希望我的女兒嫁給一個(gè)窮得連手表都買不起的人）可知Alan被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)窮人，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章講述了Alan向路人打聽時(shí)間，路人卻想象了“Alan會(huì)跟他相談甚歡，然后他邀請(qǐng)Alan搭便車，之后邀請(qǐng)Alan去他家，Alan見到了他的女兒并與他女兒陷入愛河”等一系列事情，因此D選項(xiàng)“一件事引發(fā)另一件事”符合題意。

13.單選題

Thesecretarywasharshly（）byherbossformisplacingsomeimportantfiles.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rebuked

B.teased

C.washed

D.accused

【答案】A

【解析】本題是動(dòng)詞辨析題。rebuked“指責(zé)”；teased“取笑，戲弄”；washed“洗滌”；accused“控告”，根據(jù)for后面的內(nèi)容“誤放了重要文件”，可知這位秘書會(huì)被老板責(zé)備，此處應(yīng)該使用動(dòng)詞rebuke的過去分詞rebuked，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。句意為：這位秘書因?yàn)檎`放了重要文件而被老板嚴(yán)厲指責(zé)了。

14.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Thereisnothingthatmanfearsmorethanthetouchoftheunknown.Hewantstoseewhatisreachingtowardshim,andtobeabletorecognizeoratleastclassifyit.Manalwaystendstoavoidphysicalcontactwithanythingstrange.Eveninsleep,whenheisfarmoreunguarded,hecanalltooeasilybedisturbedbyatouch.

Allthedistanceswhichmencreateroundthemselvesaredictatedbythisfear.Theyshutthemselvesinhouseswhichnoonemayenter,notonlythefearofbeingrobbed,butalsothefearofasuddenandunexpectedclutchoutofthedarkness.Thefearofbeingtouchedremainswithuswhenwegoaboutamongpeople;thewaywemoveinabusystreet,inrestaurants,trainsorbuses,isgovernedbyit.Evenwhenwearestandingnexttothemandareabletowatchandexaminethemclosely,weavoidactualcontactifwecan.Ifwedonotavoidit,itisbecausewefeelattractedtosomeone;andthenitiswewhomaketheapproach.

Itisonlyinacrowdthatmancanbecomefreeofthisfearofbeingtouched.Thatistheonlysituationinwhichthefearchangesintoitsopposite.Thecrowdheneedsisthedensecrowd,inwhichbodyispressedtobody;acrowd,too,whosephysicalconstitutionisalsodense,orcompact,sothathenolongernoticeswhoitisthatpressesagainsthim.Assoonasamanhassurrenderedhimselftothecrowdheceasestofearitstouch.

Ideallyallareequalthere;nodistinctionscount,noteventhatofsex.Themanpressedagainsthimisthesameashimself.Hefeelshimashefeelshimself.Suddenlyitisasthougheverythingwerehappeninginoneandthesamebody.Thisisperhapsoneofthereasonswhyacrowdseekstocloseinonitself:itwantstorideachindividualascompletelyaspossibleofthefearofbeingtouched.Themorefiercelypeoplepresstogether,themorecertaintheyfeelthattheydonotfeareachother.Thisreversalofthefearofbeingtouchedbelongstothenatureofcrowds.Thefeelingofreliefismoststrikingwherethedensityofthecrowdisgreatest.

1.Peoplefearburglarsbecause（）.

2.Inpublic,accordingtotheauthor,we（）.

3.Whichisthepossiblemeaningofthephrase“maketheapproach”inParagraph3?

4.Thewaywefeelwheninacrowdispresentedasa(n)（）.

5.Onceformed,crowdsalwaystendto（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyarrivesuddenlyandunexpectedly

B.theygrabyouinthedark

C.theytakeawayyourmosttreasuredpersonalpossessions

D.theyattackpeopleintheassumedsafetyoftheirhome

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.alwaysavoidcontactwithpeople

B.donotobjecttosomeoneattractivetouchingus

C.feelveryuneasy

D.trynottobetouched

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.runaway

B.makeone’sway

C.layouttheroad

D.trytogetnearer

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.absurdity

B.logicalconclusion

C.opposite

D.paradox

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.becomeuncomfortable

B.contract

C.expand

D.splitup

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。文中第一句話Thereisnothingthatmanfearsmorethanthetouchoftheunknown.“沒有什么比接觸未知更讓人害怕的了?！币约暗诙蔚诙銽heyshutthemselvesinhouseswhichnoonemayenter,notonlythefearofbeingrobbed,butalsothefearofasuddenandunexpectedclutchoutofthedarkness.“他們把自己關(guān)在一所不讓人進(jìn)去的房子里，不僅怕被搶劫，而且也怕突然地、意外地從黑暗中鉆出來?！庇刑岬剑藗兒ε挛粗挛锸且?yàn)榕潞诎抵械耐蝗灰馔?。A選項(xiàng)“他們來得突然，出乎意料”這是竊賊的特點(diǎn)，但不是人們害怕的理由；B選項(xiàng)“他們?cè)诤诎抵凶プ∧恪?，跟原文表達(dá)的意思是一樣的；C選項(xiàng)“它們會(huì)帶走你最珍貴的個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)”文中有提及，但表示深層原因；D選項(xiàng)“他們?cè)谌藗冋J(rèn)為安全的家里攻擊他們”跟“黑暗中被抓住”意思有出入。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第2題:判斷推理題。文章第二段提到…weavoidactualcontactifwecan.Ifwedonotavoidit,itisbecausewefeelattractedtosomeone…“我們盡量避免實(shí)際接觸。如果我們不回避它，那是因?yàn)槲覀儽荒橙宋恕?，由此可知，在公共?chǎng)合，作者認(rèn)為我們不反對(duì)有吸引力的人對(duì)我們的碰觸，所以B選項(xiàng)符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“總是避免與人接觸”跟原文表述“盡量避免與人接觸”還是有區(qū)別的，前者有些絕對(duì)化，人多的時(shí)候我們不可能避免接觸，只是說盡量；C選項(xiàng)“感到十分不安”，文中沒有提到關(guān)于心情方面；D選項(xiàng)“盡量不要被碰”也是比較絕對(duì)的說法。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:語義推測(cè)題。由題意定位到文章第二段Ifwedonotavoidit,itisbecausewefeelattractedtosomeone;andthenitiswewhomaketheapproach.“如果我們不回避它，那是因?yàn)槲覀儽荒橙宋?；然后是我們來采取行?dòng)。”由此可知，maketheapproach意為“采取措施，采取行動(dòng)”。A選項(xiàng)“逃跑”意思不對(duì)；B選項(xiàng)“讓路，行走”也不符合題意；C選項(xiàng)“鋪設(shè)道路”可排除；D選項(xiàng)“試著靠近”與approach（靠近）意思一致，比較符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:判斷推理題。由題干定位到文章第三段Itisonlyinacrowdthatmancanbecomefreeofthisfearofbeingtouched.Thatistheonlysituationinwhichthefearchangesintoitsopposite.

“只有在人群中，人們才能擺脫被觸碰的恐懼。只有在這種情況下，恐懼才會(huì)變成與之相反的?！焙竺孢€給出了相應(yīng)的合理解釋。由此可知，我們?cè)谌巳褐幸话愕母惺苁呛侠淼?。B選項(xiàng)“合乎邏輯的結(jié)論”符合題意；A選項(xiàng)“荒謬，謬論”與題意相反；C選項(xiàng)“相反的”并不是原文要表達(dá)的意思；D選項(xiàng)“悖論”不合題意可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:判斷推理題。結(jié)合文章最后一段Thisisperhapsoneofthereasonswhyacrowdseekstocloseinonitself:itwantstorideachindividualascompletelyaspossibleofthefearofbeingtouched.“這也許是群體慢慢向他自己靠攏的原因之一：它希望盡可能徹底地消除每個(gè)個(gè)體對(duì)被觸碰的恐懼?！币馑际侨巳憾嗔耍總€(gè)人所占據(jù)的空間就相應(yīng)地縮小了，也就向自己越靠越緊了。B選項(xiàng)contract“收縮”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“變得不舒服”，由最后一句話可知該選項(xiàng)意思不對(duì)；C選項(xiàng)“擴(kuò)張”與題意正好相反；D選項(xiàng)“分開”文中未提及可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Researchsuggeststhat,heavypenaltiesdonotactasa（）topotentialcriminals.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deterrent

B.prevention

C.safeguard

D.distraction

【答案】A

【解析】本題考查了名詞的辨析。deterrent“威懾物；制止物”；prevention“預(yù)防；阻止”；safeguard“保護(hù)；安全設(shè)施”；distraction“分心；消遣”，heavypenalties“嚴(yán)厲的刑罰”是用來威懾那些犯罪者的，所以此處應(yīng)該選擇名詞deterrent，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。句意為：研究表明，嚴(yán)厲的刑罰并不能威懾那些潛在的犯罪者。

16.單選題

ParticipantsintheShanghaiCo-operationForum（）regionalteamworktopromoteinvestmentandeconomicdevelopment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cursed

B.echoed

C.bounced

D.hailed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。cursed“詛咒”；echoed“重復(fù)；附和；發(fā)出回聲”；bounced“彈；跳；彈起”；hailed“致敬；招呼”，根據(jù)句子的語義邏輯，此處想表達(dá)的是參與者們附和區(qū)域團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的響應(yīng)。句意：參加上海合作論壇的代表們呼應(yīng)了促進(jìn)投資和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的區(qū)域合作。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

17.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Themostvaluablediamondsarelarge,individualcrystalsofpurecrystallintcarbon.Lessperfectforms,knownas“boars”and“carbonado”areclustersoftinycrystals.Untildiamondsarecutandpolished,theydonotsparklelikethoseyouseeonaring—theyjustlooklikesmall,blue-greystones.

InarathercrudeformthecuttingandpolishingofpreciousstoneswasanartknowntotheAncientEgyptians,andinthemiddleAgesitbecamewidespreadinnorth-westEurope.However,arevolutionarychangeinthemethodsofcuttingandpolishingwasmadein1476whenLudwigVanBerquenofBrugesinBelgiuminventedtheuseofaswiftlyrevolvingwheelwithitsedgefacedwithfinediamondpowder.Thename“boast”isgiventothisfinepowderaswellasthenaturalcrystallinematerialalreadymentioned.Itisalsogimptobadlyflawedorbrokendiamondcrystals,uselessasjewelsthatarebrokenintopowderforgrindingpurposes,theso-called“industrial”diamonds.

Diamonditselfistheonlymaterialhardenoughtocutandpolishdiamonds—thoughrecently,high-intensitylightbeamscalledlasershavebeendevelopedwhichcanboreholesinthem.Itmaybenecessarytosplitorcleavethelargestonesbeforetheyarecutandpolished.

Everydiamondhasanaturallineofcleavage,alongwhichitmaybesplitbyasharpblowwithacuttingedge.Afullycut“brilliant”diamondhas58facets,orfaces,regularlyarranged.Forcuttingorfaceting,thestonesarefixedintocopperholdersandheldagainstawheel,edgedwithamixtureofOilandfinediamonddust,whichisrevolvedatabout2,500revolutionsaminute.AmsterdamandAntwerp,inHollandandBelgiumrespectively,havebeenthecentreofthediamondcuttingandpolishingindustryforoversevencenturies.

Thejewelvalueofbrilliantdiamondsdependsgreatlyontheircolors,or“water”asitiscalled.Theusualcoolersofdiamondsarewhite,yellow,brown,greenorblue.Surroundingrocksandtakeontheircolor,thusblack,redandevenbrightpinkdiamondshaveoccasionallybeenfound.

Thetradeindiamondsisnotonlyinthevaluablegemstonesbutalsointheindustrialdiamondsmentionedabove.Zaireproduces70%ofsuchstones.Theyarefixedintotherockdrillsusedinminingandcivilengineering,alsoforedgingbandsawsforcuttingstone.Diamond-facedtoolsareusedforcuttinganddrillingglassandfineporcelainandfordentists’drills.Theyareusedasbearingsinwatchesandotherfinelybalancedinstruments.Perhapsyouownsomediamondswithoutknowingit—inyourwristwatch!

1.“Carbonado”isthenamegivento（）.

2.Theartofcuttingandpolishingpreciousstonesremainedcrudeuntil（）.

3.Duringfaceting,diamondsareheldincopperholders（）.

4.Thevalueorderofwaterindiamond（）.

5.Industrialdiamondsareused（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.onlytheverybestdiamonds

B.lumpsofpurecarbon

C.Spanishdiamonds

D.diamondsmadeupofmanysmallcrystals

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thefourteenthcentury

B.thefifteenthcentury

C.thesixteenthcentury

D.theseventeenthcentury

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.tofacilitateaccuratecutting

B.tomakethemshinemorebrilliantly

C.sothattheycanrevolvemoreeasily

D.asasteelholdermightdamagethediamond

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.ismoreimportantthantheircolor

B.rangesfromblue-whiteupwards

C.rangesfrombluewhitedownwards

D.hasneverbeenreliablyestablished

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.forawiderangeofpurposes

B.mainlyfordentists’drills

C.fordecorationinringsandwatches

D.principallyinmass-producedjewellery

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題?！昂诮饎偸笔怯脕矸Q呼什么的？選項(xiàng)A“僅僅是最好的鉆石”；選項(xiàng)B“純碳團(tuán)”；選項(xiàng)C“西班牙鉆石”；選項(xiàng)D“由小水晶組成的鉆石”，根據(jù)第一段中“Lessperfectforms,knownas‘boars’and‘carbonado’areclustersoftinycrystals.”不那么完美的形式，被稱為“野豬”或者“黑金剛鉆”，是一簇小水晶組成的，所以“黑金剛鉆”指的是小水晶組成的鉆石，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。切割和打磨寶石的工藝保持著粗糙直到，選項(xiàng)A“十四世紀(jì)”；選項(xiàng)B“十五世紀(jì)”；選項(xiàng)C“十六世紀(jì)”；選項(xiàng)D“十七世紀(jì)”，第二段首先說了粗糙的切割和打磨鉆石的工藝開始于古埃及，然后“However,arevolutionarychangeinthemethodsofcuttingandpolishingwasmadein1476when...然而切割和打磨鉆石的工藝在1476年發(fā)生了革命性的變化”，所以直到15世紀(jì)這種粗糙的工藝才被革新，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

第3題:推理判斷題。在切磨刻面的時(shí)候，鉆石用銅架固定，選項(xiàng)A“使切割更精確”；選項(xiàng)B“讓它們發(fā)出更璀璨的光”；選項(xiàng)C“為了讓它們更容易旋轉(zhuǎn)”；選項(xiàng)D“因?yàn)殍F架會(huì)損壞鉆石”，選項(xiàng)B和D表達(dá)的內(nèi)容文章沒有提到，且也沒有任何表述暗示，故可以排除；根據(jù)文章第四段中“fixedintocopperholders固定在銅架上”中fixed一詞可知將鉆石固定在銅架上是為了讓其固定，選項(xiàng)C中revolve一詞明顯與此目的不符，所以可以排除；故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A，為了讓其更好的被打磨，從而提高打磨與切割的精確度。

第4題:推理判斷題。鉆石的“水度”價(jià)值排序，選項(xiàng)A“比他們的顏色更重要”；選項(xiàng)B“由藍(lán)到白遞增”；選項(xiàng)C“由藍(lán)到白遞減”；選項(xiàng)D“沒有被確定地建立”，文章倒數(shù)第二段中在講述鉆石的顏色的時(shí)候并沒有對(duì)其價(jià)值做出比較與說明，所以可以排除選項(xiàng)B和C；根據(jù)“dependsgreatlyontheircolor,or‘water’asitiscalled…很大程度上取決于它們的顏色，或者所謂的‘水度’”，可以知道顏色和水度其實(shí)是表示的同一種東西，所以它們之間不存在比較，所以選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D，并沒有明確的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來鑒定這種價(jià)值排序。

第5題:推理判斷題。工業(yè)鉆石被用來，選項(xiàng)A“在很多用途上”；選項(xiàng)B“主要作為牙醫(yī)的鉆子”；選項(xiàng)C“作為戒指和手表的裝飾物”；選項(xiàng)D“主要在大量生產(chǎn)的寶石上”，根據(jù)最后一段中的內(nèi)容“它們被鑲在礦業(yè)和土木工程所用的鑿石器上，也被用在用來切石頭的鋸子邊緣上。鉆石做成的工具被用來切割或者打孔玻璃，細(xì)瓷器，或者用作牙醫(yī)的鉆子。它們被用做手表或者精密儀器的軸承。”這些內(nèi)容講述的是鉆石的工業(yè)用途，根據(jù)此段內(nèi)容我們可以推斷鉆石的工業(yè)用途有很多，選項(xiàng)B、C和D表達(dá)的內(nèi)容明顯太過局限，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。

18.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

WouldyoustopbuyingApple’sproductsifitdecidedtohelptheFBIopenaterroristsiPhone?Ithoughtnot.

WhichistosaythatAppleCEOTimCook,inhisrefusaltohelptheFBIbreakintoiphones,isaheadofmostofthepopulation.Butmaybenotallthatfarahead.Hisverypublicstancemighteventurnouttobethesmartestthinghe’sdoneforApplesincebecomingCEO.

Weallgiveourprivacyawayeveryday,constantly,toapanoplyofentities.IactuallysnortedalaughwhenFacebookandGoogleproclaimedtheirsupportforCook’sposition.FacebookandGooglehordemoredataaboutusthananyothercommercialentitiesandmakebillionsofdollarsonit.Remember,theirproductsarefree;theircorebusinessissellingthedetailsofourlivestoadvertisers.

Atthemoment,whenmostconsumerssaythey’reconcernedaboutprivacy,they’rekiddingthemselves.ArecentsurveybyTRUSTeandtheNationalCyberSecurityAlliancefoundthat92percentofrespondentswhousetheInternetsaidtheyworryaboutonlineprivacy,yet89percentdonotavoidbusinessestheyfeelarenotrespectingtheirprivacy.

Inotherwords,ouranxietiesaboutthisstuffarecompletelydisconnectedfromouractions.

Andencroachmentsonourprivacyareonlygoingtogetworse.WearableslikeFitbits,smarthomedeviceslikeNest,connectedcarsandInternetofThingssensorsareallcreatingevermoredataaboutevermoredetailedandintimateaspectsofourlives.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecanstitchtogetherdifferentkindsofdatatopaintaridiculouslyaccuratepictureofanindividual.

Inmanyways,wewelcomethis—thebettertechnologyknowsus,thebetteritcanserveus.Butatwhatpointdoestheexploitationofourdetailsturnfromconvenienceintoinvasion?Anddon’twewantcontrolofthatknobtounderstandanddecidewhatwe’reagreeingtoshare?

Cookismakingusthinkaboutallthatnow.Domostpeoplecaremuchaboutthisonecase,thisonephone?Notlikely.Butthisfightismakingusrealizethatweneedtomakesomedecisions,individuallyandasasociety,aboutdigitalprivacybeforeitgetsawayfromus.AcynicmightsayApplecanaffordtotakethisstandbe