2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南林業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號15

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南林業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Mybosshasalwaysattendedtothe___ofimportantbusinesshimself.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transaction

B.stimulation

C.transition

D.solution

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)transaction“交易；事務(wù)；辦理；會報(bào)，學(xué)報(bào)”；B選項(xiàng)stimulation“刺激；激勵，鼓舞”；C選項(xiàng)transition“過渡；轉(zhuǎn)變；[分子生物]轉(zhuǎn)換；變調(diào)”；D選項(xiàng)solution“解決方案；溶液；溶解；解答”。句意：我的老板總是親自處理重要事務(wù)。A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Wemustlivewiththeknowledgethatalllivingcreaturesare___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.moral

B.fierce

C.fatal

D.mortal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)moral“道德的；精神上的；品性端正的”；B選項(xiàng)fierce“兇猛的；猛烈的；暴躁的”；C選項(xiàng)fatal“致命的；重大的；毀滅性的；命中注定的”；D選項(xiàng)mortal“凡人的；致死的；終有一死的；不共戴天的”。句意：我們必須認(rèn)識到，所有生物都是終有一死的。故選D。

3.單選題

Inhernovelof“Reunion,AmericanStyle”,RonaJaffesuggeststhataclassreunion“ismorethanasentimentaljourney.Itisalsoawayofansweringthequestionthatliesatthebackofnearlyallourminds.DidtheydobetterthanI?”

Jaffe’sobservationmaybemisplacedbutnotcompletelylost.AccordingtoastudyconductedbysocialpsychologistJackSparacino,theoverwhelmingmajoritywhoattendreunionsaren'tthereinvidiouslytocomparetheirrecentaccomplishmentswiththoseoftheirformerclassmates.Instead,theyhope,primarily,torelivetheirearliersuccesses.

Certainly,afewreturntoshowtheirformerclassmateshowwelltheyhavedone;othersenjoyobservingthechangesthathaveoccurredintheirclassmates(notalwaysinthemselves,ofcourse).Butthemajoritywhoattendtheirclassreunionsdosotorelivethegoodtimestheyrememberhavingwhentheywereyounger.Inhisstudy,Sparacinofoundthat,ashighschoolstudents,attendeeshadbeenmorepopular,moreoftenregardedasattractive,andmoreinvolvedinextracurricularactivitiesthanthoseclassmateswhochosenottoattenD.Forthosewhoturnedupattheirreunions,then,theoldtimeswerealsothegoodtimes!

ItwouldappearthatAmericanshaveaspecialfondnessforreunions,judgingbytheirprevalence.Majorleaguebaseballplayers,fraternitymembers,veteransgroups,highschoolandcollegegraduates,andformerBoyScoutsallholdreunionsonaregularbasis.Inaddition,familyreunionsfrequentlyattractbloodrelativesfromfarawayplaceswhospendconsiderablemoneyandtimetoreunite.

Actually,intheiraffectionforreunitingwithfriends,familyorcolleagues,Americansareprobablynodifferentfromanyotherpeople,exceptthatAmericanshavecreatedamind-bogglingnumberandvarietyofinstitutionalizedformsofgatheringstofacilitatethesatisfactionofthisdesire.Indeed,reunionshaveincreasinglybecomeformaleventsthatareorganizedonaregularbasisand,intheprocess,theyhavealsobecomebigbusiness.

ShellNorrisofClassReunion,Inc.,saysthatChicagoalonehas1,500highschoolreunionseachyear.Aconservativeestimateonthenationallevelwouldbe10,000annually.Atonetime,allhighschoolreunionswereorganizedbyvolunteers,usuallyfemalehomemakers.Inthelastfewyears,however,asmoreandmorewomenhaveenteredthelabourforce,alumnireunionsareincreasinglybeingplannedbyspecializedcompaniesratherthanbypart-timevolunteers.

ThefirstcollegereunionwasheldbythealumniofYaleUniversityin1792.GraduatesofPennsylvania,Princeton,Stanford,andBrownfollowedsuit.Andbytheendofthe19thcentury,most4-yearinstitutionswereholdingalumnireunions.

Thevarietyofcollegereunionsisimpressive.AtPrinceton,alumniparadethroughthetownwearingtheirclassuniformsandsingingtheiralmamater.AtMariettaCollege,theygatherforadinner-danceonasteamshipcruisingtheOhioRiver.

Clearly,thethoughtofcruisingonasteamshipormarchingthroughthestreetsisusuallynot,byitself,sufficientreasonforlargenumbersofalumnitoreturntocampus.Alumniwhodecidetoattendtheirreunionsshareacommonidentitybasedontheyearstheyspenttogetherasundergraduates.Forthisreason,universitiesthatsomehowestablishacommonbond—forexample,becausetheyarerelativelysmallorespeciallyprestigious—tendtodrawsubstantialnumbersoftheiralumnitoreunions.Inanefforttoenhancethiscommonidentity,largercollegesanduniversitiesfrequentlybuildtheirclassreunionsonparticipationinsmallerunits,suchasdepartmentsorschools.Ortheyencourage“affinityreunions”forgroupsofformercheerleaders,editors,fraternitymembers,musicians,membersofmilitaryorganizationsoncampus,andthelike.

Ofcourse,noteveryalumnusisfondofhisorheralmamater.Studentswhograduatedduringthelate1960smaybeespeciallyreluctanttogetinvolvedinalumnievents.Theywerepartofthegenerationthatconductedsit-insandteach-insdirectedatuniversityadministrators,protestedmilitaryrecruitmentoncampusandmarchedagainst“establishmentpolitics.”Ifthisgenerationhasacommonidentity,itmayfalloutsideoftheiruniversityties—orevenbehostiletothem.Evenastheyentertheirmiddleyears,alumniwhocontinuetoholdunpleasantmemoriesofcollegeduringthisperiodmaynotwishtoattendclassreunions.

1.Accordingtothepassage,Sparacino'sstudy___.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadistinctfeatureofU.S.classreunions?

3.Whatmainlyattractsmanypeopletoreturntocampusforreunion?

4.Therhetoricalfunctionofthefirstparagraphisto___.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.providedstrongevidenceforJaffe’sstatement

B.showedthatattendeestendedtoexcelinhighschoolstudy

C.foundthatinterestinreunionswaslinkedwithschoolexperience

D.foundevidenceforattendees'intensedesireforshowingoffsuccess

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.U.S.classreunionsareusuallyoccasionstoshowoffone’srecentsuccess

B.Reunionsareregularandformaleventsorganizedbyprofessionalagencies

C.Classreunionshavebecomeaprofitablebusiness

D.Classreunionshavebroughtaboutavarietyofactivities

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thevarietyofactivitiesforclassreunion

B.Thespecialstatustheiruniversityenjoys

C.Sharedexperiencebeyondthecampus

D.Sharedundergraduateexperienceoncampus

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.introduceRonaJaffe’snovel

B.presenttheauthor’scounterargument

C.serveaspreludetotheauthor’sargument

D.bringintofocuscontrastingopinions

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.AhistoricalperspectiveforalumnireunionsintheUnitedStates

B.Reasonsforpopularityandattendanceforalumnireunions

C.AlumnireunionsandAmericanuniversitytraditions

D.Alumnireunionanditssocialandeconomicimplications

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Sparacino'sstudy”可以定位到文章第三段中“Inhisstudy,Sparacinofoundthat,ashighschoolstudents,attendeeshadbeenmorepopular,moreoftenregardedasattractive,andmoreinvolvedinextracurricularactivitiesthanthoseclassmateswhochosenottoattend.”，中文翻譯為：在他的研究中，斯帕拉奇諾發(fā)現(xiàn)，作為高中生，參加者比那些選擇不參加的同學(xué)更受歡迎，更常被視為有吸引力，更多地參與課外活動。可以得知B選項(xiàng)“表明參與者往往在高中學(xué)習(xí)中表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由A選項(xiàng)“美國的班級聚會通常是炫耀自己最近成功的機(jī)會?！笨梢远ㄎ坏皆牡谌巍癈ertainly,afewreturntoshowtheirformerclassmateshowwelltheyhavedone;othersenjoyobservingthechangesthathaveoccurredintheirclassmates(notalwaysinthemselves,ofcourse).Butthemajoritywhoattendtheirclassreunionsdosotorelivethegoodtimestheyrememberhavingwhentheywereyounger.”，中文翻譯為：當(dāng)然，也有一些人回來向他們以前的同學(xué)展示他們做得多么好；還有一些人喜歡觀察他們同學(xué)身上發(fā)生的變化（當(dāng)然，他們自己并不總是這樣）。但大多數(shù)參加班級聚會的人都是為了重溫年輕時的美好時光。因此可知A選項(xiàng)錯誤，符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段“Alumniwhodecidetoattendtheirreunionsshareacommonidentitybasedontheyearstheyspenttogetherasundergraduates.Forthisreason,universitiesthatsomehowestablishacommonbond—forexample,becausetheyarerelativelysmallorespeciallyprestigious—tendtodrawsubstantialnumbersoftheiralumnitoreunions.”，中文翻譯為：決定參加校友聚會的校友們都有一個共同的身份，這個身份基于他們在一起度過的大學(xué)生時代。出于這個原因，那些以某種方式建立了共同紐帶的大學(xué)——例如，因?yàn)樗鼈円?guī)模相對較小或特別有聲望——往往會吸引大量校友參加聚會?？芍狟

選項(xiàng)“他們大學(xué)享有的特殊地位”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段“Inhernovelof‘Reunion,AmericanStyle’,RonaJaffesuggeststhataclassreunion‘ismorethanasentimentaljourney.Itisalsoawayofansweringthequestionthatliesatthebackofnearlyallourminds.DidtheydobetterthanI?’”中文翻譯為：在她的小說《美國風(fēng)格的重聚》中，羅娜?賈菲暗示，一次班級聚會“不僅僅是一次感傷的旅程。這也是一種回答隱藏在我們所有人內(nèi)心深處的問題的方式。他們比我做得好嗎?”。以及原文第二段“Jaffe’sobservationmaybemisplacedbutnotcompletelylost.”，中文翻譯為：賈菲的觀察也許放錯了地方，但并不是完全沒有意義。判斷出C選項(xiàng)“作為作者論證的前奏?！闭_。

5.主旨大意題。通讀全文判斷出答案為A選項(xiàng)“美國校友聚會的歷史視角”，D選項(xiàng)“校友聚會及其對社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響?！睂儆谖恼碌谒亩巍⒌谖宥蝺?nèi)容，B選項(xiàng)“受歡迎和出席校友聚會的原因?！睂儆谖恼碌诙?、第三段的內(nèi)容，C選項(xiàng)“校友聚會和美國大學(xué)傳統(tǒng)?！睂儆谖恼碌诹?、第七段、第八段、第九段的內(nèi)容。

4.單選題

We'dbetterdiscussthesituationbeforewe___tobusiness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sitdown

B.putdown

C.comedown

D.getdown

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組。A選項(xiàng)sitdown“坐下；扎營”；B選項(xiàng)putdown“著陸；羞辱；放下；寫下；付定金；鎮(zhèn)壓（暴動、叛亂）”；C選項(xiàng)comedown“下來，降落；流傳下來；倒塌；落魄，失勢”；D選項(xiàng)getdown“下來；吞下；使沮喪”。句意：我們最好在談生意之前先討論一下形勢。結(jié)合此處語境，B為正確答案。

5.單選題

Thereareactuallymanyconvincingreasonstousenaturalproducts,eventheregularhealthproductsarefilledwithchemicals.Allofthoseexcessivechemicalsdoalotharmtoyourbody.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.persuasive

B.confident

C.obedient

D.concrete

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)persuasive“有說服力的；勸誘的，勸說的”；B選項(xiàng)confident“自信的；確信的”；C選項(xiàng)obedient“順從的，服從的；孝順的”；D選項(xiàng)concrete“混凝土的；實(shí)在的，具體的；有形的”。句意：事實(shí)上，使用天然產(chǎn)品有很多令人信服的理由，即使是普通的保健品也充滿了化學(xué)物質(zhì)。所有這些過量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)都對你的身體有害。。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞convincing“令人信服的；有說服力的”，得知A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Learningdisabilitiesareverycommon.Theyaffectperhaps10percentofallchildren.Fourtimesasmanyboysasgirlshavelearningdisabilities.

Sinceabout1970,newresearchhashelpedbrainscientistsunderstandtheseproblemsbetter.Scientistsnowknowtherearemanydifferentkindsoflearningdisabilitiesandthattheyarecausedbymanydifferentthings.Thereisnolongeranyquestionthatalllearningdisabilitiesresultfromdifferencesinthewaythebrainisorganized.

Youcannotlookatachildandtellifheorshehasalearningdisability.Thereisnooutwardsignofthedisorder.Sosomeresearchersbeganlookingatthebrainitselftolearnwhatmightbewrong.

Inonestudy,researchersexaminedthebrainofalearning-disabledpersonwhohaddiedinanaccident.Theyfoundtwounusualthings.Oneinvolvedcellsintheleftsideofthebrain,whichcontrollanguage.Thesecellsnormallyarewhite.Inthelearning-disabledperson,however,thesecellsweregray.Theresearchersalsofoundthatmanyofthenervecellswerenotinalinethewaytheyshouldhavebeen.Thenervecellsweremixedtogether.

ThestudywascarriedoutundertheguidanceofNormanGeschwind,anearlyexpertonlearningdisabilities.DoctorGeschwindproposedthatlearningdisabilitiesresultedmainlyfromproblemsintheleftsideofthebrain.Hebelievedthissideofthebrainfailedtodevelopnormally.Probably,hesaid,nervecellstheredidnotconnectastheyshoulD.Sothebrainwaslikeanelectricaldeviceinwhichthewireswerecrossed.

Otherstudiesdidnotexaminebraintissue.Instead,theymeasuredthebrain’selectricalactivityandmadeamanoftheelectricalsignals.

FrankDuffyexperimentedwithhistechniquesatChildren’sHospitalMedicalCenterinBoston.DoctorDuffysaidhisresearchisevidencethatreadingdisabilitiesinvolvedamagetoawideareaofthebrain,notjusttheleftside.

1.Scientistfoundthatthebraincellsofalearning-disabledpersondifferfromthoseofanormalpersonin______.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

3.AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPTthat______.

4.DoctorDuffybelievedthat______.

5.Accordingtothepassagewecanconcludethatfurtherresearchshouldbemade______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.structureandfunction

B.colorandfunction

C.sizeandarrangement

D.colorandarrangement

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromtheunknownareaofthebrain

B.Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromdamagetoawideareaofthebrain

C.Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromabnormalorganizationofbraincells

D.Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromproblemsintheleftsideofthebrain

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.manyfactorsaccountforlearningdisorder

B.alearning-disabledpersonshowsnooutwardsigns

C.readingdisabilitiesareacommonproblemthataffects10percentofthepopulation

D.thebrainactivityoflearning-disabledchildrenisdifferentfromthatofnormalchildren

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.hefoundtheexactcauseoflearningdisabilities

B.theproblemoflearningdisabilitieswasnotlimitedtotheleftsideofthebrain

C.theproblemoflearningdisabilitiesresultedfromtheleftsideofthebrain

D.theproblemoflearningdisabilitiesdidnotlieintheleftsideofthebrain

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.toinvestigatepossibleinfluencesonbraindevelopmentandorganization

B.tostudyhowchildrenlearntoreadandwrite,andusenumbers

C.tohelplearning-disabledchildrentodeveloptheirintelligence

D.toexplorehowtheleftsideofthebrainfunctionsinlanguagelearning

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干，通讀全文，以及定位到文章第四段“Oneinvolvedcellsintheleftsideofthebrain,whichcontrollanguage.Thesecellsnormallyarewhite.Inthelearning-disabledperson,however,thesecellsweregray.Theresearchersalsofoundthatmanyofthenervecellswerenotinalinethewaytheyshouldhavebeen.Thenervecellsweremixedtogether.”，中文翻譯為：其中一個是大腦左側(cè)控制語言的細(xì)胞。這些細(xì)胞通常是白色的。然而，在學(xué)習(xí)障礙者中，這些細(xì)胞是灰色的。研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，許多神經(jīng)細(xì)胞并沒有按照應(yīng)有的方式排列。神經(jīng)細(xì)胞混合在一起。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“white”“gray”可排除A、C選項(xiàng)，以及“cellswerenotinaline”（細(xì)胞不在一條線上）可排除B選項(xiàng)，因此可判斷D選項(xiàng)“顏色和排列”正確。

2.推理判斷題。通讀全文，A選項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)障礙可能來自大腦的未知區(qū)域?！痹谖闹胁]有提及，因此可知A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)障礙可能是由于大腦大面積受損造成的?！痹谖闹械谖宥巍癏ebelievedthissideofthebrainfailedtodevelopnormally.Probably,hesaid,nervecellstheredidnotconnectastheyshould.Sothebrainwaslikeanelectricaldeviceinwhichthewireswerecrossed.”中文翻譯：他認(rèn)為大腦的這一側(cè)不能正常發(fā)育。他說，很可能那里的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞并沒有正常連接。所以大腦就像一個電線交叉的電子裝置?？赏茰y，大腦受損導(dǎo)致學(xué)習(xí)障礙。因此B選項(xiàng)正確，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)障礙可能是由腦細(xì)胞的異常組織引起的?！痹谖闹械诙巍癟hereisnolongeranyquestionthatalllearningdisabilitiesresultfromdifferencesinthewaythebrainisorganized.”中文翻譯：毫無疑問，所有的學(xué)習(xí)障礙都是由大腦組織方式的差異造成的。因此C選項(xiàng)符合原文意思，可排除。D選項(xiàng)Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromproblemsintheleftsideofthebrain.“學(xué)習(xí)障礙可能是由左腦問題引起的?！笨啥ㄎ坏轿闹械谖宥巍癉octorGeschwindproposedthatlearningdisabilitiesresultedmainlyfromproblemsintheleftsideofthebrain.”中文翻譯：Geschwind博士提出學(xué)習(xí)障礙主要是由左腦問題引起的。因此，D選項(xiàng)也是直接來自原文，可排除。

3.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“manyfactorsaccountforlearningdisorder”（許多因素導(dǎo)致了學(xué)習(xí)障礙），可定位到文中第二段第二句“Scientistsnowknowtherearemanydifferentkindsoflearningdisabilitiesandthattheyarecausedbymanydifferentthings”，中文翻譯：科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在知道有許多不同種類的學(xué)習(xí)障礙，它們是由許多不同的事情引起的。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“alearning-disabledpersonshowsnooutwardsigns”（有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的人沒有外在的跡象），可定位到原文第三段“Youcannotlookatachildandtellifheorshehasalearningdisability.Thereisnooutwardsignofthedisorder.”中文翻譯：你不能看著一個孩子就知道他或她是否有學(xué)習(xí)障礙。沒有這種紊亂的外在跡象。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。C選項(xiàng)“readingdisabilitiesareacommonproblemthataffects10percentofthepopulation.”（閱讀障礙是影響10%人口的一個常見問題），可定位到文中第一段第二句“Theyaffectperhaps10percentofallchildren.”中文翻譯：大約有10%的兒童患有這種疾病。與C選項(xiàng)不符，因此C選項(xiàng)錯誤。D選項(xiàng)“thebrainactivityoflearning-disabledchildrenisdifferentfromthatofnormalchildren.”（學(xué)習(xí)障礙兒童的大腦活動與正常兒童不同），可定位到文中第四段，可知學(xué)習(xí)障礙者控制語言的左腦細(xì)胞是灰色的，而這些細(xì)胞通常是白色的?？赏茰y學(xué)習(xí)障礙兒童的大腦活動與正常兒童不同。因此選項(xiàng)D正確。綜上所述，C選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“DoctorDuffy”可定位到文中最后一段FrankDuffyexperimentedwithhistechniquesatChildren’sHospitalMedicalCenterinBoston.DoctorDuffysaidhisresearchisevidencethatreadingdisabilitiesinvolvedamagetoawideareaofthebrain,notjusttheleftside.中文翻譯：達(dá)菲在波士頓兒童醫(yī)院醫(yī)療中心試驗(yàn)了他的技術(shù)。達(dá)菲博士

說，他的研究證明，閱讀障礙不僅會損害大腦的左側(cè)，還會損害大腦的大部分區(qū)域。A選項(xiàng)“他找到了學(xué)習(xí)障礙的確切原因”，不符合題意，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)障礙的問題不僅限于左腦”，達(dá)菲博士的研究證明“閱讀障礙還會損害大腦的大部分區(qū)域”，因此，選項(xiàng)B正確。C選項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)障礙的問題是由左腦造成的”，不符合題意，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)障礙的問題并不在于大腦的左側(cè)”不符合題意，可排除。綜上所述，B選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

5.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“研究可能對大腦發(fā)育和組織的影響”，B選項(xiàng)“研究兒童如何學(xué)習(xí)讀寫和使用數(shù)字”，C選項(xiàng)“幫助學(xué)習(xí)障礙兒童發(fā)展智力”，D選項(xiàng)“探討左腦在語言學(xué)習(xí)中的作用”。根據(jù)題干，可以定位到文中最后一段最后一句“達(dá)菲博士說，他的研究證明，閱讀障礙不僅會損害大腦的左側(cè)，還會損害大腦的大部分區(qū)域?！保纱丝赏茰y接下來的研究會探討“大腦發(fā)育和組織的影響”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

ItisMr.YorkwhobangsthedruminJohnKirkpatrick'sapparentlyauthentic,andcertainlysuitablebandmusic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.genuine

B.reliable

C.honest

D.automatic

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)genuine“真實(shí)的，真正的；誠懇的”；B選項(xiàng)reliable“可靠的；可信賴的”；C選項(xiàng)honest“誠實(shí)的，實(shí)在的；可靠的；坦率的”；D選項(xiàng)automatic“自動的；無意識的；必然的”。句意：約克先生在約翰?柯克帕特里克(JohnKirkpatrick)的音樂中敲起了鼓，這顯然是真實(shí)的，當(dāng)然也是合適的樂隊(duì)音樂。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞authentic“真正的，真實(shí)的；可信的”，得知A為正確答案。

8.單選題

Fortune-tellersaregoodatmaking___statementssuchas“Yoursorrowswillchange”.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.philosophical

B.ambiguous

C.literal

D.invalid

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)philosophical“哲學(xué)的（等于philosophic）；冷靜的”；B選項(xiàng)ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱兩可的；不明確的，不明朗的；引起歧義的”；C選項(xiàng)literal“文字的；逐字的；無夸張的”；D選項(xiàng)invalid“無效的；有病的；殘疾的”。句意：算命的人擅長說一些模棱兩可的話，比如“你的悲傷會變的”。根據(jù)句意，B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Tony'smotherlovesPekingoperaandwheneverthereisanewplay,sheasksTonytobuyticketsforher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adorns

B.adapts

C.adopts

D.adores

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)adorns“裝飾；使生色”；B選項(xiàng)adapts“適合的；使適應(yīng)，改編”；C選項(xiàng)adopts“收養(yǎng)”；D選項(xiàng)adores“崇拜；喜愛；極喜歡”。句意：托尼的媽媽喜歡京劇，每當(dāng)有新戲上演，她就讓托尼給她買票。結(jié)合句意，A，B，C選項(xiàng)都可排除，得知D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Inasense,thenewprotectionismisnotprotectionismatall,atleastnotinthetraditionalsenseoftheterm.Theoldprotectionismreferredonlytotraderestrictingandtradeexpandingdevices,suchasthetarifforexportsubsidy.Thenewprotectionismismuchbroaderthanthis:itincludesinterventionsintoforeigntradebutisnotlimitedtothem.Thenewprotectionism,infact,referstohowthewholeofgovernmentinterventionintotheprivateeconomyaffectsinternationaltrade.Theemphasisontradeisstillthere,thuscametheterm“protection.”Butwhatisnewistherealizationthatvirtuallyallgovernmentactivitiescanaffectinternationaleconomicrelations.

TheemergenceofthenewprotectionismintheWesternworldreflectsthevictoryoftheinterventionist,orwelfareeconomyoverthemarketeconomy.JabTumilerwrites,“Theoldprotectionism...coexisted,withoutanyapparentintellectualdifficultywiththeacceptanceofthemarketasanationalaswellasaninternationaleconomicdistributionmechanism-indeed,protectionistsaswellas(ifnotmorethan)freetradersstoodforlaissezfaire.Now,asinthe1930s,protectionismisanexpressionofaprofoundskepticismastotheabilityofthemarkettodistributeresourcesandincomestosocieties’satisfaction.”Itispreciselythisprofoundskepticismofthemarketeconomythatisresponsiblefortheprotectionism.Inamarketeconomy,economicchangeofvariouscolorsimpliesredistributionofresourcesandincomes.Thesameopinioninmanycommunitiesapparentlyisthatsuchredistributionsoftenarenotproper.Therefore,thegovernmentintervenestobringaboutamoredesiredresult.

ThevictoryofthewelfarestateisalmostcompleteinnorthernEurope.InSweden,Norway,Finland,Denmark,andtheNetherlands,governmentinterventioninalmostallaspectsofeconomicandsociallifeisconsiderednormal.InGreatBritainthisisonlysomewhatlesstrue.GovernmenttraditionallyhasplayedaveryactiveroleineconomiclifeinFranceandcontinuedtodoso.OnlyWestGermanydarestogoagainstthetidetowardsexcessiveinterventionisminWesternEurope.ItalsohappenstobethemostsuccessfulWesternEuropeaneconomy.

ThewelfarestatehasmadesignificantprogressintheUnitedStatesaswellasinWesternEurope.Socialsecurity,unemploymentinsurance,minimumwagelaws,andrentcontrolarebynowtraditionalwelfarestateelementsontheAmericanscene.

1.Thispassageisprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing______.

2.Theword“virtually”(ParA.1)isclosestinmeaningto______.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTacharacteristicofawelfarestatementionedinthispassage?

4.Whichofthefollowinginferencesistrue,accordingtothispassage?

5.Thepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringwhichofthefollowingquestions?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedefinitionofthenewprotectionism

B.thedifferencebetweennewandoldprotectionism

C.theemergenceofthenewprotectionismintheWesternworld

D.thesignificanceofthewelfarestate

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.genuinely

B.really

C.nearly

D.particularly

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Freeeducationisavailabletoachild

B.Lawsaremadetofixtheminimumwage

C.Ajoblesspersoncanbeinsured

D.Thereareregulationsforrent

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theeconomydevelopedfasterinwelfarestatesthaninnon-welfarestates

B.Inthe1930s,protectionismbegantorise

C.Thenewprotectionismissocalledmainlybecauseitisthelatest

D.GovernmentplaysamoreactiveroleineconomiclifeinNorthernEuropethaninGreatBritain

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Whendidthenewprotectionismarise

B.WhyisthenewprotectionismsopopularinnorthernEuropeancountries

C.Whydoesthegovernmentinterveneineconomiclife

D.DoestheAmericangovernmentplayamoreactiveroleineconomiclifethantheBritishgovernment

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。通讀全文，可知是“新保護(hù)主義”的出現(xiàn)以及產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。A選項(xiàng)“新保護(hù)主義的定義”過于片面，不符合題意，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“新舊保護(hù)主義的區(qū)別”也是講述了一個方面，也可排除。D選項(xiàng)“福利國家的意義”也不符合題意，可排除，因此C選項(xiàng)“西方新保護(hù)主義的興起”正確。

2.詞義辨析題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段中“therealizationthatvirtuallyallgovernmentactivitiescanaffectinternationaleconomicrelations.”中文翻譯為：幾乎所有政府活動都會影響國際經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)“真誠地；真正地”，B選項(xiàng)“真正地”，C選項(xiàng)“幾乎”，D選項(xiàng)“尤其”。根據(jù)“政府的一切活動都會影響國際經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系”，這句話太過于絕對，可排除A、B選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)與題意不符，也可排除，由此可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“awelfarestate”可定位到文中最后兩段，中文翻譯：福利國家的勝利在北歐幾乎已經(jīng)完成。在瑞典、挪威、芬蘭、丹麥和荷蘭，政府對經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會生活幾乎所有方面的干預(yù)都被認(rèn)為是正常的。在英國，這只是稍微有點(diǎn)不真實(shí)。在法國，政府傳統(tǒng)上在經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中扮演著非常積極的角色，并將繼續(xù)這樣做。只有西德膽敢逆著西歐過度干預(yù)主義的潮流而動。它也是最成功的西歐經(jīng)濟(jì)體。福利國家在美國和西歐都取得了重大進(jìn)展。社會保障、失業(yè)保險、最低工資法和租金管制現(xiàn)在都是美國社會的傳統(tǒng)福利要素。A選項(xiàng)“兒童可以接受免費(fèi)教育”不符合上述列表。B選項(xiàng)“最低工資法”、C“失業(yè)者投?！薄選項(xiàng)“租房有規(guī)定”均符合美國傳統(tǒng)福利要素。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。通讀全文，A選項(xiàng)“福利國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)比非福利國家發(fā)展得更快”，文中并未提及，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“20世紀(jì)30年代，保護(hù)主義開始興起”。與句中“在20世紀(jì)30年代，保護(hù)主義是對市場分配資源和收入以使社會滿意的能力的一種深刻懷疑的表現(xiàn)”不符，也可排除。C選項(xiàng)“所謂新保護(hù)主義，主要是因?yàn)樗亲钚碌摹?，理解錯誤，不符合題意，也可排除。D選項(xiàng)“在北歐，政府在經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中扮演著比英國更積極的角色”，可定位到文中第三段“InSweden,Norway,Finland,Denmark,andtheNetherlands,governmentinterventioninalmostallaspectsofeconomicandsociallifeisconsiderednormal.InGreatBritainthisisonlysomewhatlesstrue.”中文翻譯：在瑞典、挪威、芬蘭、丹麥和荷蘭，政府對經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會生活

幾乎所有方面的干預(yù)都被認(rèn)為是正常的。在英國，這只是稍微有點(diǎn)不真實(shí)?？赏茰y，英國對于經(jīng)濟(jì)的干涉較少。因此可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。通讀全文，A選項(xiàng)“新的保護(hù)主義是什么時候出現(xiàn)的？”，文章第一段對“新保護(hù)主義的興起”一筆帶過，可排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)“為什么新的保護(hù)主義在北歐國家如此流行？”，理解片面，排除。C選項(xiàng)“政府為什么要干預(yù)經(jīng)濟(jì)生活？”，可定位到文中第一段“Thenewprotectionism,infact,referstohowthewholeofgovernmentinterventionintotheprivateeconomyaffectsinternationaltrade”中文翻譯：新保護(hù)主義指的是政府對私營經(jīng)濟(jì)的整體干預(yù)如何影響國際貿(mào)易。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。D選項(xiàng)“美國政府在經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中的作用是否比英國政府更為積極？”理解片面，可排除。綜上所述，C選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

11.單選題

EuropeanUnionenvironmentalofficialshavedeterminedthattwokindsofgeneticallymodifiedcorncouldharmbutterflies,affectfoodchainsanddisturblifeinriversandstreams,andtheyhaveproposedabanonthesaleoftheseeds,whicharemadebyDuPontPioneer,DowAgrosciencesandSyngentA.ThepreliminarydecisionsarecirculatingwithintheEuropeanCommission,whichhasthefinalsay.SomeofficialsthereareskepticalofabanthatwouldupsetthepowerfulbiotechnologyindustryandcouldexacerbatetensionswithimportanttradingpartnersliketheUnitedStates.TheseedsarenotavailableontheEuropeanmarketforcultivation.

Inthedecisions,theenvironmentcommissioner,StavrosDimas,contendsthatthegeneticallymodifiedcom,ormaizecouldaffectcertainbutterflyspecies,specificallythemonarch,andotherbeneficialinsects.Forinstance,researchthisyearindicatesthatlarvaeofthemonarchbutterflyexposedtothegeneticallymodifiedcom“behavedifferentlythanotherlarvae.”InthedecisionconcerningthecornseedsproducedbyDowandPioneer,Mr.Dimascalls“potentialdamageontheenvironmentirreversible.”InthedecisiononSyngenta’scom,hesaysthat“thelevelofriskgeneratedbythecultivationofthisproductfortheenvironmentisunacceptable.”

AdecisionbytheEuropeanUniontobarcultivationofthegeneticallymodifiedcropswouldbethefirstofitskindinthetradebloc,andwouldintensifythecontinuingbattleovergeneticallymodifiedcorn.BanningtheapplicationsforcorncropsalsowouldmarkaboldnewstepforEuropeanenvironmentalauthorities,whoarealreadyaggressivelypursuingregulationsonemissionsfromcarsandaircraft,settingitatoddswiththeUnitedStatesandangeringindustries.

“TheseproductshavebeengrownintheU.S.andothercountriesforyears,”saidStephenNorton,aspokesmanfortheUnitedStatestraderepresentative,“WearenotawareofanyothercasewhenaproducthasbeenrejectedafterhavingbeenreviewedanddeterminedsafebyEuropeanfoodsafetyauthorities,”hesaid.

BarbaraHelfferich,aspokeswomanforMr.Dimas,declinedtocommentonthespecificsoftheprocedurebecausecommissionershadnotyetmadeafinaldecision.ButshesaidthattheEuropeanUnionwaswithinitsrightstomakedecisionsbasedonthe“precautionaryprinciple”evenwhenscientistshadfoundnodefinitiveevidenceprovingproductscancauseharm.ShesaidthatthedecisionsbyMr.Dimascouldgobeforethecommissionwithinafewweeks,butshesaidthatnodatehadbeenset.Inthedecisions,Mr.Dimascitedrecentresearchshowingthatconsumptionofgeneticallymodified“combyproductsreducedgrowthandincreasedmortalityofnon-targetstreaminsects”andthattheseinsects“areimportantpreyforaquaticandriparianpredators”andthatthiscouldhave“unexpectedecosystem-scaleconsequences.”

Althoughstillpreliminary,hisdecisionscoulddrasticallytiltthepolicyagainstfutureapprovalsofgeneticallymodifiedcrops,saidNathalieMoll,aspokeswomanforEuropabio,anindustrygroupwith80membersincludingSyngenta,PioneerandDow.EuropabiosaysthatthecropsgrownusingthegeneticallymodifiedcomarealreadyimportedintoseveralEuropeancountries,includingFranceandGermany,wheretheyareusedtofeedanimalslikecowsandchickens.

RobGianfranceschi,spokesmanattheUnitedStatesmissiontotheEuropeanUnioninBrussels,saiditwastooearlytocommentonadecisionthathadnotyetbeenformalizeD.ButhemadeclearthattheUnitedStatesremainedfrustratedwithEuropeanpoliciesongeneticallymodifiedcrops.

1.Thepreliminarydecisionsaremadeby______.

2.Tothedecisions,theEuropeanCommissionofficials’attitudesare______.

3.Aboutthedecisions,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

4.Mr.Dimascitedmanyresearchesonthegeneticallymodifiedcorninhisdecisioninorderto______.

5.Theword“tilt”inParA.6mostprobablymeans______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.StavrosDimas

B.EuropeanUnionenvironmentalofficials

C.EuropeanCommission

D.DuPontPioneer,DowAgrosciencesandSyngenta

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.skeptical

B.controversial

C.divergent

D.contradictory

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thedecisionsaimtoputabanonthesaleofthes