2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-黑龍江大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)79

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-黑龍江大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

TheLawtoKeeptheOilIndustryunderControlTheNorwegianGovernmentisdoingitsbesttokeeptheoilindustryundercontrol.Anewlawlimitsexplorationtoanareasouthofthesouthernendofthelongcoastline;productionlimitshavebeenlaiddown(thoughthesehavealreadybeenraised);andoilcompanieshavenotbeenallowedtoemploymorethanalimitednumberofforeignworkers.

Buttheoilindustryhasawayofgettingoversuchproblems,andfewpeoplebelievethatthegovernmentwillbeabletoholdthingsbackforlong.

AsonNorwegianpoliticiansaidlastweek“Wewillsoonbechangedbeyondallrecognition.”

Eversincethewar,theGovernmenthasbeencarryingoutaprogrammeofdevelopmentintheareanorthoftheArcticCircle.Duringthepastfewyearsthisprogrammehashadagreatdealofsuccess:Tromsohasbeenbuiltupintoalocalcapitalwithauniversity,alargehospitalandahealthyindustry.Buttheoilindustryhasalreadystartedtodrawpeoplesouth,andwithinafewyearsthewholenorthernpolicycouldbeinruins.

Theeffectsoftheoilindustrywouldnotbelimitedtothenorth,however.Withnearly100percentemployment,everyonecanseeasituationdevelopinginwhichtheserviceindustriesandthetouristindustrywilllosemoreoftheirworkerstotheoilindustry.Somesmallerindustriesmightevendisappearaltogetherwhenitbecomescheapertobuygoodsfromabroad.

TherealargumentoveroilisitsthreattotheNorwegianwayoflife.Farmersandfishermendonotmakeupmostofthepopulation,buttheyareanimportantpartofit,becauseNorwegiansseeinthemmanyofthequalitiesthattheyregardwithprideasessentiallyNorwegian.

Anditisthefarmersandthefishermenwhoaremostcriticaloftheoilindustrybecauseofthedamagethatitmightcausetothecountrysideandtothesea.

1.TheNorwegianGovernmentwouldprefertheoilindustryto______.

2.TheNorwegianGovernmenthastriedto______.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theoilindustrymightleadnorthernNorwayto_____.

4.Inthesouth,oneeffecttothedevelopmentoftheoilindustrymightbe______.

5.Norwegianfarmersandfishermenhaveanimportantinfluencebecause______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.providemorejobsforforeignworkers

B.slowdowntherateofitsdevelopment

C.selltheoilitisproducingabroad

D.developmorequicklythanatpresent

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.encouragetheoilcompaniestodiscovernewoilsources

B.preventoilcompaniesemployingpeoplefromnorthernNorway

C.heldtheoilcompaniessolvemanyoftheirproblems

D.keeptheoilindustrytosomethingnearitspresentsize

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thedevelopmentofindustry

B.agrowthinpopulation

C.thefailureofthedevelopmentprogramme

D.thedevelopmentofnewtowns

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.alargereductiononunemployment

B.agrowthinthetouristindustry

C.areductioninthenumberofexistingindustries

D.thedevelopmentofanumberofserviceindustries

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyformsuchalargepartofNorwegianideal

B.theirlivesandvaluesrepresenttheNorwegianideal

C.theirworkissousefultotherestofNorwegiansociety

D.theyregardoffasathreattotheNorwegianwayoflife

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheNorwegianGovernmentwouldprefertheoilindustryto____.挪威政府更傾向于石油工業(yè)____。

A.providemorejobsforforeignworkers.A.為外國(guó)工人提供更多的工作機(jī)會(huì)

B.slowdowntherateofitsdevelopmentB.減緩其發(fā)展速度

C.selltheoilitisproducingabroadC.把它生產(chǎn)的石油賣(mài)到國(guó)外去

D.developmorequicklythanatpresentD.比現(xiàn)在發(fā)展得更快

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息詞oilindustry可定位到Para.1第一句，該處講到“挪威政府正在盡最大努力控制石油工業(yè)（undercontrol）”，又提到“一項(xiàng)新法律（Anewlawlimits）將勘探范圍限制在長(zhǎng)海岸線南端以南的地區(qū)；已經(jīng)制定了生產(chǎn)限制；石油公司也不允許雇傭超過(guò)有限數(shù)量的外國(guó)工人”?？芍拗剖凸I(yè)的發(fā)展。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“為外國(guó)工人提供更多的工作機(jī)會(huì)”，文中第一段最后提到石油公司雇傭外國(guó)工人的數(shù)量不得超過(guò)限定數(shù)量，即減少雇傭工人數(shù)量。這里屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“把它生產(chǎn)的石油賣(mài)到國(guó)外去”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“比現(xiàn)在發(fā)展得更快”，文中說(shuō)到要限制石油工業(yè)的發(fā)展，D選項(xiàng)與文章相反，屬于反向干擾。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheNorwegianGovernmenthastriedto____.挪威政府已努力去____。

A.encouragetheoilcompaniestodiscovernewoilsourcesA.鼓勵(lì)石油公司發(fā)現(xiàn)新的石油資源

B.preventoilcompaniesemployingpeoplefromnorthernNorway

B.禁止石油公司雇傭挪威北部人

C.heldtheoilcompaniessolvemanyoftheirproblemsC.控制石油公司解決它們的許多問(wèn)題

D.keeptheoilindustrytosomethingnearitspresentsizeD.使石油工業(yè)保持在接近目前規(guī)模的水平

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.2第一句，該處講到“很少有人相信政府能夠長(zhǎng)期阻止事態(tài)發(fā)展”，結(jié)合第一段第一句“挪威政府正在盡最大努力控制石油工業(yè)”可知政府在控制石油工業(yè)發(fā)展，努力維持石油工業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“鼓勵(lì)石油公司發(fā)現(xiàn)新的石油資源”，而文中說(shuō)新的法律限制人們只能在長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的海岸線南端以南地區(qū)進(jìn)行勘探，也就是限制人們發(fā)現(xiàn)新資源，A選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“禁止石油公司雇傭挪威北部人”，文中說(shuō)到石油工業(yè)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始吸引人們前往南方但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)禁止雇傭北部人，B選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“控制石油公司解決它們的許多問(wèn)題”，但文中提到的是石油工業(yè)解決問(wèn)題，屬于張冠李戴。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassage,theoilindustrymightleadnorthernNorwayto____.根據(jù)這篇文章，石油工業(yè)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致挪威北部____。

A.thedevelopmentofindustryA.工業(yè)的發(fā)展

B.agrowthinpopulationB.人口的增長(zhǎng)

C.thefailureofthedevelopmentprogrammeC.發(fā)展計(jì)劃的失敗

D.thedevelopmentofnewtownsD.新市鎮(zhèn)的發(fā)展

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.4最后一句，該處講到“不出幾年，整個(gè)北方政策就可能毀于一旦”。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“工業(yè)的發(fā)展”，文中說(shuō)到“一些小的工業(yè)甚至?xí)В⊿omesmallerindustriesmightevendisappear）”屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“人口的增長(zhǎng)”，文中說(shuō)到“石油工業(yè)吸引人們前往南方（startedtodrawpeoplesouth）”也就是說(shuō)北部人口會(huì)減少。B選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“新市鎮(zhèn)的發(fā)展”，北部人口跑到南方北方應(yīng)該不會(huì)有新城鎮(zhèn)的發(fā)展，反而是南方可能有新城鎮(zhèn)的發(fā)展，這屬于無(wú)中生有。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Inthesouth,oneeffecttothedevelopmentoftheoilindustrymightbe____.在南方，石油工業(yè)的發(fā)展可能產(chǎn)生的影響是____。

A.alargereductiononunemploymentA.失業(yè)率大幅下降

B.agrowthinthetouristindustryB.旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展

C.areductioninthenumberofexistingindustriesC.現(xiàn)有工業(yè)數(shù)量的減少

D.thedevelopmentofanumberofserviceindustriesD.發(fā)展一批服務(wù)業(yè)

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】倒數(shù)第三段第一句提到“然而，石油工業(yè)的影響不會(huì)局限于北方”即可知本段在描寫(xiě)石油工業(yè)的發(fā)展對(duì)南方帶來(lái)的影響，根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第三段最后一句，該處講到“一些較小的工業(yè)甚至可能完全消失”。換言之，這些原本存在的小工業(yè)會(huì)減少。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“失業(yè)率大幅下降”，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第二句“在就業(yè)率接近100%的情況下（Withnearly100percentemployment），每個(gè)人都可以看到服務(wù)行業(yè)和旅游業(yè)的大部分工人將會(huì)跑到石油工業(yè)去?！笨芍恼f(shuō)到1.就業(yè)率接近100%；2.服務(wù)業(yè)和旅游業(yè)的從業(yè)人員會(huì)流向石油業(yè)，無(wú)法推斷出失業(yè)率大幅下降，屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展”，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第二句“服務(wù)行業(yè)和旅游業(yè)的大部分工人將會(huì)跑到石油工業(yè)去。”可知旅游業(yè)不會(huì)發(fā)展，B選項(xiàng)反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“發(fā)展一批服務(wù)業(yè)”，也是根據(jù)原文中人們發(fā)展石油工業(yè)導(dǎo)致從事服務(wù)和旅游的人減少，不會(huì)發(fā)展一批服務(wù)業(yè)，D選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Norwegianfarmersandfishermenhaveanimportantinfluencebecause____.挪威的農(nóng)民和漁民有重要的影響，因?yàn)開(kāi)___。

A.theyformsuchalargepartofNorwegianidealA.他們構(gòu)成了挪威人理想的很大一部分

B.theirlivesandvaluesrepresenttheNorwegianidealB.他們的生活和價(jià)值觀代表了挪威人的理想

C.theirworkissousefultotherestofNorwegiansocietyC.他們的工作對(duì)挪威社會(huì)很有幫助

D.theyregardoffasathreattotheNorwegianwayoflifeD.他們認(rèn)為這是對(duì)挪威人生活方式的威脅

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干farmers和fishermen可定位到倒數(shù)第二段第二句，該處講到“挪威人在他們身上看到了許多他們自豪地認(rèn)為是挪威人本質(zhì)上的品質(zhì)?！北娝苤?，挪威的農(nóng)業(yè)和漁業(yè)發(fā)展歷史悠久，農(nóng)民和漁民是挪威的代表。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“他們構(gòu)成了挪威人理想的很大一部分”，并不是說(shuō)挪威人的理想是漁民和農(nóng)民，而是說(shuō)漁民和農(nóng)民的生活和價(jià)值觀代表了他們的理想，A選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念；

C選項(xiàng)“他們的工作對(duì)挪威社會(huì)很有幫助”，文中只是說(shuō)石油的發(fā)展阻礙了漁業(yè)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)他們?yōu)槭裁粗匾珻選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為這是對(duì)挪威人生活方式的威脅”，但是文中說(shuō)的是“關(guān)于石油的真正爭(zhēng)論是它對(duì)挪威人生活方式的威脅”。對(duì)生活有威脅的是石油并不是farmers和fishermen。這里屬于張冠李戴。

2.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvelousage.Weareimmunizedfrombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerousdiseases.Alargenumberofoncefatalillnessescannowbecuredbymoderndrugsandsurgery.Itisalmostcertainthatonedayremedieswillbefoundforthemoststubbornremainingdisease.Theexpectationoflifehasincreasedenormously.Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbefore,everydaywewitnesstheincredibleslaughterofmen,womenandchildrenontheroads.Manversusthemotor-car!Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosing.Thousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledorhorriblykilledeachyearandwearequietlysittingbackandlettingithappen.

Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheel,hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotor-caroftenbringsoutaman’sveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebehindasteeringwheel.Theyswear,theyareill-manneredandaggressive,willfulastwo-year-oldandutterlyselfish.Alltheirhiddenfrustrations,disappointmentsandjealousiesseemtobebroughttothesurfacebytheactofdriving.

Thesurprisingthingisthatthesocietysmilessogentlyonthemotoristandseemstoforgivehisbehavior.Everythingisdoneforhisconvenience.Citiesareallowedtobecomealmostuninhabitablebecauseofheavytraffic;townsaremadeuglybyhugecarparks;thecountrysideisdesecratedbyroadnetworks;andthemassannualslaughterbecomesnothingmorethanastatistic,tobeconvenientlyforgotten.

Itishightimeaworldcodewerecreatedtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.Withregardtodriving,thelawsofsomecountriesarenotoriouslylaxandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.Acodewhichwasuniversallyacceptedcouldonlyhaveadramaticallybeneficialeffectontheaccidentrate.Hereareafewexamplesofthethingsthatmightbedone.Thedrivingtestshouldbestandardizedandmadefardifficultthanitis;allthedriversshouldbemadetotakeatesteverythreeyearsorso;theageatwhichyoungpeopleare,allowedtodriveanyvehicleshouldberaisedtoatleast21;allvehiclesshouldbeputthroughstrictannualtestsforsafety.Eventhesmallestamountofalcoholinthebloodcanimpairaperson’sdrivingability.Presentdrinkinganddrivinglaws(wheretheyexist)shouldbemademuchstricter.Maximumandminimumspeedlimitsshouldbeimposedonallroads.Governmentsshouldlaydownsafetyspecificationformanufacturers,ashasbeendoneintheUSA.Alladvertisingstressingpowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.Thesemeasuresmaysoundinordinatelyharsh.Butsurelynothingshouldbeconsideredastoosevereifitresultsinreducingtheannualtollofhumanlife.Afterall,theworldisforhumanbeings,notformotor-cars.

1.Themainideaofthispassageis_______.

2.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsocietytowardmotorists?

3.Whydoestheauthorsay:“hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality?”

4.WhichofthefollowingsisNOTmentionedasawayagainsttrafficaccidents?

5.Theattitudeoftheauthoris_____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.trafficaccidentsaremainlycausedbymotorists

B.thousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledeachyear

C.thelawsofsomecountriesaboutdrivingaretoolax

D.onlystrictertrafficlawscanpreventaccidents

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Societysmilesonthemotorists.

B.Hugecarparksarebuiltinthecitiesandtowns.

C.Victimsofaccidentsarenothing.

D.Societycondonestheirrudedriving.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Drivingcanshowhisrealself.

B.Drivingcanshowtheotherpartofhispersonality.

C.Drivingcanbringouthischaracter.

D.Hiscarembodieshistemper.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Buildmorehighways.

B.Stricterdrivingtests.

C.Testdriverseverythreeyears.

D.Raiseagelimitandlaydownsafetyspecifications.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ironical

B.critical

C.appealing

D.militant

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Themainideaofthispassageis____.

這篇文章的主要觀點(diǎn)是____。

A.TrafficaccidentsaremainlycausedbymotoristsA.交通事故主要是由開(kāi)車(chē)的人引起的

B.ThousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledeachyearB.全世界每年有成千上萬(wàn)的人被殺

C.ThelawsofsomecountriesaboutdrivingaretoolaxC.有些國(guó)家有關(guān)駕駛的法律太寬松了

D.OnlystrictertrafficlawscanpreventaccidentsD.只有更嚴(yán)格的交通法規(guī)才能防止事故發(fā)生

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】全文主要講當(dāng)今社會(huì)交通事故發(fā)生率提高。第一段首先指出問(wèn)題：全世界每年都有成千上萬(wàn)的人被殺害或慘死；第二段講到：汽車(chē)常常顯露出一個(gè)人最壞的品質(zhì)；第三段講述因?yàn)槠?chē)出現(xiàn)許多問(wèn)題；第四段提出作者的中心觀點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候制定一套世界準(zhǔn)則來(lái)減少這種無(wú)謂的生命浪費(fèi)了。作者提出一些舉措來(lái)防止事故的發(fā)生。綜合全文，文章先是提出因?yàn)榻煌▽?dǎo)致的許多問(wèn)題，最后提出應(yīng)該要增加交通措施防止事故發(fā)生。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“交通事故主要是由開(kāi)車(chē)的人引起的”，文中沒(méi)有提及交通事故的發(fā)生主要是由開(kāi)車(chē)的人引起的，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“全世界每年有成千上萬(wàn)的人被殺”，文中提到“全世界每年都有成千上萬(wàn)的人被殺害或慘死，而我們卻袖手旁觀”但是這不是文章的主旨，文章主要說(shuō)交通事故，該選項(xiàng)以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“有些國(guó)家有關(guān)駕駛的法律太寬松了”，文中提到了有些國(guó)家法律太松，但是這是為了引出文章中的主旨——要采取手段防止事故的發(fā)生，該選項(xiàng)屬于本末倒置。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsocietytowardmotorists?作者是如何看待社會(huì)對(duì)待司機(jī)的？

A.Societysmilesonthemotorists.A.社會(huì)對(duì)司機(jī)笑容可掬。

B.Hugecarparksarebuiltinthecitiesandtowns.B.在城市和城鎮(zhèn)建造了巨大的停車(chē)場(chǎng)。

C.Victimsofaccidentsarenothing.C.事故的受害者不算什么。

D.Societycondonestheirrudedriving.D.社會(huì)容忍他們粗野的駕駛行為。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.3第一句，該處講到“令人驚訝的是，社會(huì)對(duì)司機(jī)笑容可掬，似乎原諒了他的行為”，又因?yàn)樯衔恼f(shuō)到“他們所有隱藏的沮喪、失望和嫉妒似乎都在開(kāi)車(chē)的過(guò)程中顯露出來(lái)”綜合理解，作者認(rèn)為社會(huì)寬容了司機(jī)的行為。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)對(duì)司機(jī)笑容可掬”，這是作者對(duì)社會(huì)存在的一個(gè)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行的比喻，并不是作者的態(tài)度，屬于過(guò)度推斷；

B選項(xiàng)“在城市和城鎮(zhèn)建造了巨大的停車(chē)場(chǎng)”，雖然可以在文中定位到該選項(xiàng)，但是該選項(xiàng)不是作者是如何看待社會(huì)看待司機(jī)的，而是一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；

C選項(xiàng)“事故的受害者不算什么”，文中雖然可以推測(cè)出該選項(xiàng)，但是該選項(xiàng)也是對(duì)客觀現(xiàn)象的描述，并不是作者認(rèn)為的，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whydoestheauthorsay:“hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality?”

為什么作者說(shuō):“他的車(chē)成為了他個(gè)性的延伸?”

A.Drivingcanshowhisrealself.A.駕駛可以展示他真實(shí)的自我。

B.Drivingcanshowtheotherpartofhispersonality.B.駕駛可以顯示他性格的另一部分。

C.Drivingcanbringouthischaracter.C.駕駛能顯示出他的性格。

D.Hiscarembodieshistemper.D.他的汽車(chē)體現(xiàn)了他的脾氣。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.2第一句，該處講到“他的汽車(chē)就成了他個(gè)性的延伸”，后面的句子講到“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，汽車(chē)常常顯露出一個(gè)人最壞的品質(zhì)（worstqualities）。”還講到“他們所有隱藏的沮喪、失望和嫉妒似乎都在開(kāi)車(chē)的過(guò)程中顯露出來(lái)”。換言之，駕駛能展示一個(gè)人真正的自我，由此可以說(shuō)是個(gè)性的延伸。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“駕駛可以顯示他性格的另一部分”，屬于展現(xiàn)真正自我中的一部分，該選項(xiàng)以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“駕駛能顯示出他的性格”，屬于展現(xiàn)真正自我的一部分，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“他的汽車(chē)體現(xiàn)了他的脾氣”，屬于展現(xiàn)真正自我的一部分，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhichofthefollowingsisNOTmentionedasawayagainsttrafficaccidents?

下面哪一項(xiàng)沒(méi)有被提到作為一種預(yù)防交通事故的方法?

A.Buildmorehighways.A.修建更多的公路。

B.Stricterdrivingtests.B.更嚴(yán)格的駕駛考試。

C.Testdriverseverythreeyears.C.每三年對(duì)司機(jī)進(jìn)行一次測(cè)試。

D.Raiseagelimitandlaydownsafetyspecifications.D.提高年齡限制，制定安全規(guī)范。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息詞awayagainsttrafficaccidents可定位到Para.4第五句，該處講到“駕駛考試應(yīng)該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，難度要比現(xiàn)在高得多”，即更嚴(yán)格的駕駛考試；還講到“所有的司機(jī)應(yīng)該每三年左右參加一次考試”；和“年輕人可以駕駛?cè)魏诬?chē)輛的年齡應(yīng)該提高到至少21歲”。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，B、C、D都提到了，A沒(méi)有提到。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“更嚴(yán)格的駕駛考試”、C選項(xiàng)“每三年對(duì)司機(jī)進(jìn)行一次測(cè)試”以及D選項(xiàng)“提高年齡限制，制定安全規(guī)范”通過(guò)解題思路可知都是文章中被提到作為一種預(yù)防交通事故的方法，和題干相悖，屬于反向干擾。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theattitudeoftheauthoris_____.作者的態(tài)度是_____。

A.ironicalA.諷刺的

B.criticalB.批評(píng)的

C.appealingC.懇求的

D.militantD.好戰(zhàn)的

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】文中先是指出交通事故的產(chǎn)生越來(lái)越多，然后指出交通事故的原因，最后對(duì)各國(guó)寬松的交通法律進(jìn)行批評(píng)。綜合來(lái)看，作者的態(tài)度是批評(píng)的。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“諷刺的”，C選項(xiàng)“懇求的”，D選項(xiàng)“好戰(zhàn)的”都屬于無(wú)中生有。

3.翻譯題

TheEnglishlanguageoftodayreflectsmanycenturiesofdevelopment.ThepoliticalandsocialeventsthathaveinthecourseofEnglishhistorysoprofoundlyaffectedtheEnglishpeopleintheirnationallifehavegenerallyhadarecognizableeffectontheirlanguage.TheRomanChristianizingofBritainin597broughtEnglandintocontactwithLatincivilizationandmadesignificantadditionstoourvocabulary.TheScandinavianinvasionsresultedinaconsiderablemixtureofthetwopeoplesandtheirlanguages.TheNormanConquestmadeEnglishfortwocenturiesthelanguagemainlyofthelowerclasseswhilethenoblesandthoseassociatedwiththemusedFrenchonalmostalloccasions.AndwhenEnglishoncemoreregainedsupremacyasthelanguageofallelementsofthepopulation,itwasanEnglishgreatlychangedinbothformandvocabularyfromwhatithadbeenin1066.

【答案】今天的英語(yǔ)反映了許多世紀(jì)的發(fā)展。在英國(guó)歷史進(jìn)程中深刻影響英國(guó)人國(guó)家生活的政治和社會(huì)事件，通常也對(duì)他們的語(yǔ)言產(chǎn)生了明顯的影響。597年羅馬人對(duì)不列顛的基督教化使英國(guó)接觸了拉丁文明，并大大增加了我們的詞匯。斯堪的那維亞人的入侵導(dǎo)致了這兩個(gè)民族及其語(yǔ)言的大量混合。諾曼征服使英語(yǔ)在長(zhǎng)達(dá)兩個(gè)世紀(jì)的時(shí)間里成為下層階級(jí)的主要語(yǔ)言，而貴族和與他們有關(guān)的人幾乎在所有場(chǎng)合都使用法語(yǔ)。當(dāng)英語(yǔ)再次成為所有人口的語(yǔ)言時(shí)，它的形式和詞匯都比1066年發(fā)生了巨大的變化。

4.單選題

Althoughthesestatesandtheirpeopleare___,theysharethecommongoalofeconomicdevelopment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.controversial

B.involved

C.diverse

D.visible

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.controversial有爭(zhēng)議的；有爭(zhēng)論的B.involved有關(guān)的；卷入的；復(fù)雜的

C.diverse不同的；多樣化的D.visible明顯的；看得見(jiàn)的；現(xiàn)有的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)“共同目標(biāo)（commongoal）”可知：這些地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的目標(biāo)相同。空格處的從句用although連接，表示盡管。這句話的意思為盡管這些地區(qū)和人……所以空格處應(yīng)該填一個(gè)與后面“相同”的反義詞表示轉(zhuǎn)折。綜上所述，C選項(xiàng)diverse“不同的；多樣化的”可引申為此句所需的邏輯“不同的”以滿(mǎn)足上述條件。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】盡管這些國(guó)家及其人民各不相同，但他們都有共同的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展目標(biāo)。

5.單選題

Recentstoriesinthenewspapersandmagazinessuggestthatteachingandresearchcontradicteachother,thatresearchplaystooprominentapartinacademicpromotions,andthatteachingisbadlyunderemphasized.Thereisanelementoftruthinthesestatements,buttheyalsoignoredeepermoreimportantrelationships.

Researchexperienceisanessentialelementofhiringandpromotionataresearchuniversitybecauseitistheemphasisonresearchthatdistinguishessuchauniversityfromanartscollege.Someprofessors,however,neglectteachingforresearchandthatpresentsaproblem.

Mostresearchuniversitiesrewardoutstandingteaching,butthegreatestrecognitionisusuallyforachievementsinresearch.Partofthereasonisthedifficultyofjudgingteaching.Ahighlyresponsibleandtoughprofessorisusuallyappreciatedbytopstudentswhowanttobechallengedbutdislikedbythosewhoserecordsarelessimpressive.Themildprofessorgetsoverallratingsthatareusuallyhigh,butthereisasenseofdisappointmentonthepartofthebeststudents,exactlythoseforwhomthesystemshouldpresentthegreatestchallenges.Thus,auniversitytryingtopromoteprofessorsprimarilyonthebasisofteachingqualitieswouldhavetoconfrontthisconfusion.

Asmodernsciencemovesfaster,twoforcesareexertedonprofessors:oneisthetimeneededtokeepupwiththeprofession;theotheristhetimeneededtoteach.Thetrainingofnewscientistsrequiresoutstandingteachingattheresearchuniversityaswellastheartscollege.Althoughscientistsareusually“made”intheelementaryschools,scientistscanbe“l(fā)ost”bypoorteachingatthecollegeandgraduateschoollevels.Thesolutionisnottoseparateteachingandresearchbuttorecognizethatthecombinationisdifficultbutvital.Thetitleofprofessorshouldbegivenonlytothosewhoprofessanditisperhapstimeforuniversitiestoreserveitforthosewillingtobeanearnestpartofthecommunityofscholars.Professorsunwillingtoteachcanbecalled“distinguishedresearchinvestigators”orsomethingelse.

Thepaceofmodernsciencemakesitincreasinglydifficulttobeagreatresearcherandagreat.Yetmanyaredescribedinjustthoseterms.Thosewhosaywecanseparateteachingandresearchsimplydonotunderstandthesystem,butthosewhosaytheproblemwilldisappeararenotfulfillingtheirresponsibilities.

1.Whatideadoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthefirstparagraph?

2.Inacademicpromotionsresearchuniversitiesstillattachmoreimportancetoresearchpartlybecause（

）.

3.Accordingtothefourthparagraph,whichofthefollowingwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?

4.Thetitleofprofessorshouldbegivenonlytothosewhofirstandforemostdo（

）.

5.Thephrase"theproblem”(Line3,Para.5)refersto（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Therelationshipbetweenteachingandresearchshouldnotbesimplified.

B.Teachingandresearcharecontradictory.

C.Researchcanneverbeemphasizedtoomuch.

D.Itiswrongtooverestimatetheimportanceofteaching.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.researchimprovesthequalityofteaching

B.studentswhowanttobechallengedappreciateresearchprofessors

C.professorswithachievementsinresearchareusuallyresponsibleandtough

D.itisdifficulttoevaluateteachingqualityobjectively

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Distinguishedprofessorsatresearchuniversitiesshouldconcentrateonresearchonly.

B.Itisofutmostimportancetoimproveteachinginelementaryschoolsinordertotrainnewscientists.

C.Theseparationofteachingfromresearchcanlowerthequalityoffuturescientists.

D.Therapiddevelopmentofmodernsciencemakesitimpossibletocombineteachingwithresearch.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.scientificresearch

B.teaching

C.fieldwork

D.investigation

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.raisingthestatusofteaching

B.theseparationofteachingfromresearch

C.thecombinationofteachingwithresearch

D.improvingthestatusofresearch

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。通讀第一段“Recentstoriesinthenewspapersandmagazinessuggestthatteachingandresearchcontradicteachother,thatresearchplaystooprominentapartinacademicpromotions,andthatteachingisbadlyunderemphasized.Thereisanelementoftruthinthesestatements,buttheyalsoignoredeepermoreimportantrelationships.最近在報(bào)紙和雜志上的報(bào)道表明，教學(xué)和研究是相互矛盾的，研究在學(xué)術(shù)推廣中扮演的角色過(guò)于突出，而對(duì)教學(xué)的重視嚴(yán)重不足。這些說(shuō)法有一定的真實(shí)性，但它們也忽略了更深層次更重要的關(guān)系?！笨芍髡哒J(rèn)為教學(xué)與研究的更深層次的關(guān)系被忽略了。故A項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第三段“Mostresearchuniversitiesrewardoutstandingteaching,butthegreatestrecognitionisusuallyforachievementsinresearch.Partofthereasonisthedifficultyofjudgingteaching.大多數(shù)研究型大學(xué)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)杰出的教學(xué)，但通常對(duì)研究成果給予最大認(rèn)可。部分原因是很難對(duì)教學(xué)進(jìn)行評(píng)判。”可知大學(xué)重視研究的部分原因是很難客觀評(píng)判教學(xué)。故D項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。由第四段“Althoughscientistsareusually‘made’intheelementaryschools,scientistscanbe‘lost’bypoorteachingatthecollegeandgraduateschoollevels.盡管科學(xué)家通常是在小學(xué)‘培養(yǎng)’出來(lái)的，但科學(xué)家也可能因?yàn)榇髮W(xué)和研究生階段糟糕的教學(xué)而‘流失’?！笨芍狟項(xiàng)“為了培養(yǎng)新的科學(xué)家，改善小學(xué)的教學(xué)是最重要的”錯(cuò)誤。A項(xiàng)“研究型大學(xué)的杰出教授應(yīng)該只專(zhuān)注于研究”only表達(dá)過(guò)于絕對(duì)，故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的迅速發(fā)展使教學(xué)與研究不能結(jié)合起來(lái)。”錯(cuò)誤。故C項(xiàng)“教學(xué)與科研分離會(huì)降低未來(lái)科學(xué)家的素質(zhì)”符合文章內(nèi)容。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第四段“Thetitleofprofessorshouldbegivenonlytothosewhoprofessanditisperhapstimeforuniversitiestoreserveitforthosewillingtobeanearnestpartofthecommunityofscholars.Professorsunwillingtoteachcanbecalled‘distinguishedresearchinvestigators’orsomethingelse.教授的頭銜應(yīng)該只授予那些從事教授工作的人，也許大學(xué)是時(shí)候把它保留給那些愿意成為學(xué)者群體中重要一部分的人了。不愿意教書(shū)的教授可以被稱(chēng)為‘杰出的研究人員’或別的什么?！笨芍淌诘念^銜應(yīng)該留給愿意教學(xué)的人。故B項(xiàng)正確。

5.詞義題。由最后一句“Thosewhosaywecanseparateteachingandresearchsimplydonotunderstandthesystem,butthosewhosaytheproblemwilldisappeararenotfulfillingtheirresponsibilities.那些說(shuō)我們可以把教學(xué)和科研分開(kāi)的人根本不了解這個(gè)制度，但那些說(shuō)這個(gè)問(wèn)題會(huì)消失的人沒(méi)有盡到自己的責(zé)任?！笨芍斑@個(gè)問(wèn)題”指教學(xué)和科研分開(kāi)，故B項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Likemanyloversofbooks,Maryandherhusband,RichardGoldman,seldomwalkedpastabookstorewithoutstoppingtolookinside.Theyoftentalkedofopeningtheirownstoreoneday.

WhenMarywashospitalizedwithhearttroublein1989,theydecideditwastimetogetserious.Richard,whoworkedforabusinesscompany,waseagertoworkforhimself,andMaryneededtoslowdownfromherdemandingjob.

Theystartedbytalkingtobookstoreownersandresearchingtheindustry.“Weknewithadtobeaspecialtystorebecausewecouldn’tmatchthebigchainsdollarfordollar.”saysMary.Onefigurecaughtherattention:She’dreadsomewherethatroughly20percentofbookssoldweremysteries,andmanybuyersspentmore$300ayearonbooks.SheandRichardwerethemselvesmysteryreaders.

OnHalloween1992,theyopenedtheMysteryLoversBookshopandCafeneartheirhome.Withthreechildrenincollege,thecouplecouldnotspendallthefamily’smoneytostartashop.Tocoverthe$100,000cost,theydrewsomeoftheirsavings,borrowedfromrelativesandfromabank.

Thestoremerelybrokeeveninitsfirstyear,withonly$120,000insales.ButMarywasalwayscomingupwithnewwaystoattractcustomers.Theshophadacoffeebaranditofferedgiftstomysteryloversandserveddinnersforbookclubsthatmetinthestore.Shealsoinviteddozensofwriterstodiscusstheirstories.

TodayMysteryLoversmakessalesofabout$420,000ayear.Afterpayingtaxes,businesscostsandthesixpart-timesalesclerks,RichardandMarytogetherearnabout$34,000.

“Thejobyoulovemaynotgohandinhandwithamillion-dollarincome,”saysRichard.“Thishasalwaysbeenaboutanenjoyablelifeforourselves,notaboutmakingalotofmoney.”

1.WhenMarywasinhospital,thecouplerealizedthat（

）.

2.AfterMarygotwellfromherillnesstheybegan（

）.

3.Howdidtheirbookstoredointhefirstyear?

4.AccordingtoRichard,themainpurposeofrunningthebookstoreis（

）.

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudeaboutdoingsomethingyoulikebutcannotearnlotsofmoney?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyhadtoputtheirplanintopractice

B.healthwasmoreimportantthanwealth

C.hearttroublewasaseriousillness

D.theybothneededtostopworking

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.tostudyindustrialmanagement

B.tobuyandreadmoremysterybooks

C.todomarketresearchonbookbusiness

D.toworkhardertosavemoneyforthebookstore

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhadtoborrowmoneytokeepitgoing.

B.Theymadejustenoughtocoverallthecosts.

C.Theysucceededinearningalotofmoney.

D.Theyfailedthoughtheyworkedhard.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.topayfortheirchildren’seducation

B.togettoknowmorewriters

C.tosetupmorebookstores

D.todowhattheyliketodo

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Heisforit.

B.Heisagainstit.

C.Hehasnospecialattitude.

D.Wedon’tknow.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。第一段講述了Mary夫婦特別喜歡書(shū)，他們經(jīng)常談?wù)撚幸惶扉_(kāi)一個(gè)自己的書(shū)店。再由第二段“WhenMarywashospitalizedwithhearttroublein1989,theydecideditwastimetogetserious.1989年瑪麗因心臟病住院時(shí)，他們決定是時(shí)候認(rèn)真對(duì)待這件事了?！笨芍狹ary夫婦決心認(rèn)真對(duì)待他們的開(kāi)書(shū)店的計(jì)劃。故A項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第三段“Theystartedbytalkingtobookstoreownersandresearchingtheindustry.他們首先與書(shū)店老板交談，并對(duì)這個(gè)行業(yè)進(jìn)行了研究?！笨芍麄冮_(kāi)始對(duì)書(shū)店行業(yè)進(jìn)行市場(chǎng)調(diào)研。故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第四段“Tocoverthe$100,000cost,theydrewsomeoftheirsavings,borrowedfromrelativesandfromabank.為了支付這10萬(wàn)美元的費(fèi)用，他們從親戚和銀行借了一部分存款?！币约暗谖宥巍癟hestoremerelybrokeeveninitsfirstyear,withonly$120,000insales這家店在開(kāi)業(yè)第一年僅僅實(shí)現(xiàn)了收支平衡，銷(xiāo)售額只有12萬(wàn)美元”可知B項(xiàng)“他們賺的僅夠支付成本”正確。

4.推理判斷題。由最后一段“Thishasalwaysbeenaboutanenjoyablelifeforourselves,notaboutmakingalotofmoney.對(duì)我們自己來(lái)說(shuō)，這一直是一種享受生活的方式，而不是為了賺很多錢(qián)。”可知Richard開(kāi)書(shū)店的原因是出于對(duì)書(shū)的熱愛(ài)。故D項(xiàng)“做自己想做的事情”正確。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。全文講述了一對(duì)夫婦出于對(duì)書(shū)的熱愛(ài)，最后開(kāi)了一家書(shū)店的故事，沒(méi)有涉及作者的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。故C項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Theillegalimmigrantswerecaughtand（

）bythelocalgovernment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.relegated

B.banished

C.deported

D.expatriated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。relegate“降級(jí)”；banish“放逐，驅(qū)逐”；deport“驅(qū)逐出境，放逐”；expatriate“流放，官方法令強(qiáng)迫離開(kāi)某國(guó)或某地”。句意：這些非法移民被抓了，并且被當(dāng)?shù)卣?qū)逐出境。此句指的是驅(qū)逐出境，故C項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Notlongago,amysteriousChristmascarddroppedthroughourmailslot.TheenvelopewasaddressedtoamannamedRaoul,who,Iwasrelativelycertaindidnotlivewithus.Theenvelopewasn’tsealed,soIopenedit.Theinsideofthecardwasbland.Ed,myhusband,explainedthatthecardwasbothfromandtothenewspaperdeliveryman.HisnamewasapparentlyRaoul,andRaoulwantedaholidaytip.Weweremeanttoputacheckinsidethecardandthendroptheenvelopeinthemail.Whenyourservicesarerenderedat4a.m,youcan’tsimplyhangaround,likeahotelbellboyexpectingatip.Youhavetobedirect.

SoIwroteaniceholidaygreetingtothismanwho,inmyimagination,firesTheNewYorkTimesfromhisbikeaimedatourfrontdoor,causingmorenoisewithmerenewsprintthanmostpeoplemanagewithsophisticatedblackmarketfireworks.

Withastart,Irealizedthatperhapsthereasonforthe4a.m.wake-upnoisewasnotordinaryrudenessbutcarefullyexecutedspite:IhadnottippedRaoulinChristmasespast.Ihonestlyhadn’trealizedIwassupposedto.Thiswasthefirsttimehe’dusedthecardtactic.SoIgotoutmycheckbook.Somewherealongtheline,holidaytippingwentfromanoptionaltank-youforayearofservicestoaMafia-styleprotectionracket(收取保護(hù)費(fèi)的黑社會(huì)組織).

Severaldayslater,IwasbringingourgarbagebinsbackfromthecurbwhenInoticedanenvelopetapedtooneofthelids.Theouts