【語(yǔ)法】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別-完整版課件

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別Lead-in時(shí)態(tài)（tense）不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用不同的形式。已學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)的時(shí)態(tài)有哪些？Lead-in名稱時(shí)間動(dòng)詞形式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)平時(shí)，經(jīng)常一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去（與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)）一般將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)即將，計(jì)劃正在進(jìn)行過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去在進(jìn)行過(guò)去，強(qiáng)調(diào)影響1.v.2.v+s/es（三單現(xiàn)）

am/is/are+v-ing1.will/shall+v.2.am/is/aregoingto+v.1.v-ed（規(guī)則動(dòng)詞）2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞was/were+v-inghave/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞Lead-in1.Sheworksinafactory.2.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.3.WearegoingtohaveapicnicthisSunday.4.Theyheldasportsmeetinglastweek.5.Areyouhelpingyourmother?6.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)判斷下列各句的時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)鞏固Lead-in一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過(guò)去，那么這兩種時(shí)態(tài)有什么區(qū)別呢？Presentation結(jié)構(gòu)不同一般過(guò)去時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+其他

nowpastfuture一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的是過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事情?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，也可表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Presentation概念不同Presentation意義不同一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者單純的敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)雖然動(dòng)作也是過(guò)去發(fā)生的，但是強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。Isawthisfilmyesterday.(看電影的動(dòng)作發(fā)生了）—Wouldyouliketoseethefilm“Cats”withme?—I’dloveto,butIhaveseenthisfilm。(強(qiáng)調(diào)電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道，側(cè)重對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響）Presentation一般過(guò)去時(shí)常常和具體的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間連用。如：yesterday，lastweek,…ago，in1990,inOctober,justnow等。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不和具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用，通常和一段時(shí)間或者模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：for,since,sofar,just,uptonow,inthepastfewyears,recently等。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不同Practice用所給單詞的正確形式填空1.Yourcoatisnice.Where____you_____(buy)it?TomandMary_______(come)toChinalastmonth.3.I__________(finish)myhomework.soIcanplay.4.Mikedidn’tgotobeduntil12o’clocklastnight.Sohe____(get)uplate.5.MrLi_________(go)toBeijing.Heisn’tathome.didbuycamehasgonegothave

finished練習(xí)鞏固Presentationhave(has)been和have(has)gone的區(qū)別have(has)been:表示曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地，人現(xiàn)在不在某地。have(has)gone：表示已經(jīng)去過(guò)某地了，人現(xiàn)在在去某地的路上或已經(jīng)在某地了。ShehasbeentoShanghai.她去過(guò)上海。（有過(guò)去上海的經(jīng)歷）ShehasgonetoShanghai.她去了上海。（不在說(shuō)話的地點(diǎn)）練習(xí)鞏固Practice1.—Hello,mayIspeaktoMr.Smith?—Sorry,heisn'tin.He_____________theoffice.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.hasbeenaway2.“HaveyoueverbeentoTokyo?”“Yes,I______theretwice.It’samoderncity.”A.havegoneB.havebeenC.hadgoneBBPresentationSoldier:Captain!Captain!TheGreeks__________(go).They_____(leave)lastnight.Captain:Great!They_______(come)heretenyearsagoand______(try)manytimestocaptureourcity,buttheycouldn’t.We_________(win).Soldier:Butthey_________(leave)ahugewoodenhorse.Canyouseeitoutsidethegates?TheGreeks____________(nottake)itwiththem.Captain:Let’skeepitthen.Goandpullitintothecity.用動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空haven’t

takenhavegoneleftcametriedhave

wonhave

leftPractice用單詞的正確形式填空Thursday,10NovemberAnewbookshop________(open)thedaybeforeyesterdaynearmyschool.I_____(go)therewithmycousinthisafternoon.I______(buy)atravelbookaboutGreece.I_____________(neverbe)toGreece,butmycousin________(visit)thecountrylastyear.openedhaveneverbeenvisitedwentboughtPracticeI__________(see)someofherphotos.Greeceissuchabeautifulcountry.Mycousin__________(buy)abookaboutancientGreece.I__________(read)afewpagesofthebookwithher.Ithinkit’sveryinteresting.have

seenboughthave

readPractice【2014年威海市中考】—WhenwillDianaarrive?—Oh,she______.Sheisinthemeetingroomnow.arrives B.isarriving C.arrived D.hasarrived分析：句意：—Diana什么時(shí)候到達(dá)？—哦，她已經(jīng)到了。她現(xiàn)在在會(huì)議室。根據(jù)句意：在對(duì)話之前，Diana已經(jīng)到了，而且在會(huì)議室。表示在過(guò)去某一事件發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響或產(chǎn)生了結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選D。D直擊中考Practice【2014年江蘇省徐州市中考】（）Whatasurprisetoseeyouhere!When___you_____back?do;getB.did;getC.have;gotD.will;get分析：句意：在這里看見(jiàn)你真是吃驚，你什么時(shí)候回來(lái)的?根據(jù)Whatasurprisetoseeyouhere!可知人已經(jīng)回來(lái)了，所以回來(lái)這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去。故選B。B直擊中考Practice【2012貴州銅仁】33.MrWangisn’there,Ithinkhe___________Guiyang.hasgoneto

B.hasbeento

C.goes

D.went分析：

“goto+地點(diǎn)”，表示“去某地，故排除C、D選項(xiàng)?！県avebeento指“去過(guò)(回來(lái)了)”，havegoneto指“去了（沒(méi)有回來(lái)）”。根據(jù)句義：王老師不在這里。我認(rèn)為他“去了”貴陽(yáng)。（去了還沒(méi)有回來(lái)）。所以選A。A直擊中考Practice【2012北京】26.—WherewereyoulastSaturday?—I____intheCapitalMuseum.amB.willbeC.wasD.havebeen分析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此句的含義是上周六你在哪里了?答語(yǔ)是我在首都博物館。根據(jù)題干可知考查的是動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)，系動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去時(shí)是was或were，因主語(yǔ)是I故用was選擇C。C直擊中考Practice【2013湖北隨州】31.—Jack,Ihaven'tseenyouruncleforalongtime.—He______

Shanghai

onbusinessfortwomonths.A.

wentto

B.hasgoneto

C.hasbeenin

D.hasbeento分析：根據(jù)題意：他在上海做生意兩個(gè)月了，fortwomonths是一段時(shí)間，須用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。hasgoneto是去了某地，hasbeento是去過(guò)某地，hasbeenin表示一直在某地，表示狀態(tài)。所以選擇答案C。C直擊中考Homework1.—When

back?—Icamebackjustnow.A.didyoucome

B.haveyoucomeC.willyoucome

D.areyougoingtocome2.—Doyoustillplaybasketball?—Oh,no.I

itforthepasttwoyears.A.haven'tp