2023年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試綜合類(lèi)(C級(jí))真題及答案

2023年度全國(guó)職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試綜合類(lèi)(C級(jí))試題第1局部：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第l-15題，每題l分，共15分)下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)畫(huà)有底橫線(xiàn)。請(qǐng)為每處畫(huà)線(xiàn)局部確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1Wehadtroublefindingapurewatersupply．AtypicalBcompleteCclearDclean2Keepyourpassportinasecureplace．AsafeBspecialCgoodDdifferent3Manyformsofcancercanbecuredifdetectedearly．AselectedBoperatedCdiscoveredDdeveloped40nthetablewasavasefilledwithartificialflowers．AwildBfalseCfreshDlovely5Thestorywaspublishedwiththesolepurposeofsellingnewspapers．AonlyBreaICmainDpractical6I’dIiketowithdraw￡500frommycurrentaccount．AleaveBpayCputDdraw7HekeptinconstantcontactwithhisfamilywhilehewasinAustralia．AgradualBdirectCregularDoccasional8Sheonlyneedsaminuteamountofmoney．AsmallBcertainCfairDfull9“Whatdoyoumeanbythat?〞Paulaskedsharply．AhelplesslyBpolitelyCquicklyDcritically10Didsheaccepthisresearchproposal?AinvitationBplanCofferDview11Thecitycentrewaswipedoutbythebomb．AcoveredBreducedCdestroyedDmoved12Thecontempthefeltforhisfellowstudentswasobvious．AneedBloveChateDpity13AlargecrowdassembledoutsidetheAmericanembassy．AwatchedBshoutedCwalkedDgathered14Heinspiredmanyyoungpeopletotakeupthesport．AallowedBencouragedCcalledDadvised15Thestormcausedseveredamage．AseriousBphysicalCaccidentalDenvironmental第2局部：閱讀判斷(第16-22題.每題l分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息.請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C.BrotherlyLoveAdidasandPumahavebeentwoofthebiggestnamesinsportsshoemanufacturingforoverhalfacentury．Sincel928theyhavesuppliedshoesforOlympicathletes．WorldCup-winningfootballheroes．MuhammadAli.hiphopstarsandrockmusiciansfamousallovertheworld．ButthestoryofthesetwocompaniesbeginsinonehouseinthetownofHerzogenaurach,Germany．AdolphandRudolphDasslerwerethesonsofashoemaker．Theylovedsportbutcomplainedthattheycouldneverfindcomfortableshoestoplayin．Rudolphalwayssaid,Youcannotplaysportswearingshoesthatyou’dwalkaroundtownwith.Sotheystartedmakingtheirown．Inl920Adolphmadethefirstpairofathleticshoeswithspikes(釘)，producedontheDasslers’kitchentable．OnlstJulyl924theyformedashoecompany，DasslerBrothersLtdandtheyworkedtogetherformanyyears．ThecompanybecamesuccessfulanditprovidedtheshoesforGermany’sathletesatthel928andl932OlympicGames．Butinl948thebrothersargued．Nooneknowsexactlywhathappened，butfamilymembershavesuggestedthattheargumentwasaboutmoneyorwomen．TheresultwasthatAdolphleftthecompany．HisnicknamewasAdi．a(chǎn)ndusingthisandthefirstthreelettersofthefamilyname,Dassler,hefoundedAdidas．RudolphrelocatedacrosstheRiverAurachandfoundedhisowncompanytoo．AtfirsthewantedtocallitRuda,buteventuallyhecalleditPuma，afterthewildcat．ThefamousPumalogoofthejumpingcathashardlychangedsince．Afterthebigsplitofl948AdolphandRudolphneverspoketoeachotheragainandtheircompanieshavenowbeenincompetitionforoversixtyyears．Bothcompanieswereformanyyearsthemarketleaders,thoughAdidashasalwaysbeenmoresuccessfulthanPuma．Ahiphopgroup,RunDMC，hasevenwrittenasongcalled“MyAdidas〞andin2005AdidasboughtReebok,anotherbigsportsshoecompany．Theterriblefamilyargumentshouldreallybeforgotten，buteversinceithappened，oversixtyyearsago．thetownhasbeensplitintotwo．Evennow，someAdidasemployeesandPumaemployeesdon’ttalktoeachother．16AdidasandPumastartedtomakesportsshoesattheendofthel9thcentury．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned17Thebrothers’fatherwasaballmaker．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned18Thebrothersfirstmadesportsshoesathome．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned19Thebrothersprovidedsportsshoesforthel924OlympicGames．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned20Thebrothersdecidedtostartuptheirseparatecompaniesaftertheargument．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned21NikesellsmoreshoesthanAdidas．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned22Peopleinthetownhavenowforgottentheargument．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3局部：概括大意與完成句子(第23-30題，每題l分，共8分)下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23—26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1-4段每段選擇1個(gè)最正確標(biāo)題；(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最正確選項(xiàng).WhoBuiltGiza’sPyramids(金字塔)?1Forcenturies，thepyramidsofGizahavebeentimelesssymbolsofEgyptianculture．Butwhoactuallybuiltthem?Foryears，wedidnotknowforsure．Butarcheologists(考古學(xué)家)recentlydiscoveredanancientvillagenearthepyramids．Closeby．therewasalsoacemetery(墓地)wherepyramidbuilderswereburied．Fromstudyingtheseplaces，archeologistscannowconfirmthatthepyramidswerenotbuiltbyslavesorforeigners．OrdinaryEgyptiansbuiltthem．2Ittookabouteightyyearstobuildthepyramids．Accordingtoarcheologists．a(chǎn)bout20,000-30,000peoplewereinvolvedincompletingthetask．Theworkershaddifferentroles．Someduguptherock．somemovedit，andsomeshapeditintoblocks．Peoplealsoworkedondifferentteams.eachwithitsownname．OnawallinKhufu’sGreatPyramid，forexample，agroupofworkerswrote“FnendsofKhufu．〞Teamsoftencompetedtodoajobfaster．3Lifefortheseworkerswashard．“Wecanseethatintheirskeletons(骨架).〞saysAzzaMohamedSarryEl-Din．a(chǎn)scientiststudyingbodiesfoundinthecemetery．Thebonesshowsignsofarthritis(關(guān)節(jié)炎)，whichdevelopedfromcarryingheavythingsforalongtime．Archeologistshavealsofoundmanyfemaleskeletonsinthevillageandcemetery．Thedamagetotheirbonesissimilartothemen’s．Theirlivesmayhavebeeneventougher：maleworkerslivedtoage40—45．butwomentoonly30—35．However,workersusuallyhadenoughfood．a(chǎn)ndtheyalsohadmedicalcareiftheygotsickorhurt．4Theworkwaschallenging,butlaborerswereproudoftheirwork．“It'sbecausetheywerenotjustbuildingthetomboftheirking.〞saysEgyptianarcheologistZahiHawass．“TheywerebuildingEgypt．Itwasanationalproject．a(chǎn)ndeveryonewasaparticipant．〞23Paragraphl24Paragraph225Paragraph326Paragraph4APyramidbuilders’toughlivesBAnimportantnationalprojectCFemalepyramidbuilders：thechallengesDFemalepyramidbuilders’jobEBuildersofthepyramidsFEgyptiansalves27ThepyramidsofGizawerebuilt.28Tobuildthepyramids，theworkershaddifferentrolesandworked.29Bothmenandwomenworkerssufferedfromarthritiswhichdeveloped.30Thepyramidbuilderswereproud.AbyforeignersBoftheirworkCbyordinaryEgyptiansDondifferentteamsEoftheirkingFfromtakingheavythings第4局部：閱讀理解(第31-45題，每題3分，共45分)．下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題.請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定l個(gè)最正確選項(xiàng).第一篇TheChangingMiddleClassTheUnitedStatesperceivesitselftobeamiddle-classnation．However，middleclassisnotarealdesignation，nordoesitcarryprivileges(特權(quán))．Itismoreofaperception，whichprobablywasastrueasitevercouldberightafterWorldWarⅡ．Theeconomywasgrowing，moreandmorepeopleownedtheirownhomes．workershadsolidcontractswiththecompaniesthatemployedthem,andnearlyeveryonewhowantedahighereducationcouldhaveone．Successfulpeopleenjoyedupwardsocialmobility．Theymayhavestartedoutpoor,buttheycouldbecomerich．Successfulpeoplealsofoundthattheyhadgreatergeographicmobility．Inotherwords．theyfoundthemselvesmovingtoandlivinginavarietyofplaces．Themiddleclasscollectivelyholdsseveralvaluesandprinciples．Onestrongvalueistheneedtoearnenoughmoneytofeelthatonecandetermineone’sowneconomicfate．Inaddition，middle-classmorality(道德觀)embracesprinciplesofindividualresponsibility，importanceoffamily,obligationstoothers,andbelievinginsomethingoutsideoneself．Butinthel990sthoseinthemiddleclassfoundthattherewasapriceforsuccess．AU.S.News&WorldReportsurveyinl994indicatedthat75percentofAmericansbelievedthatmiddle-classfamiliescouldnolongermakeendsmeet．Bothspouses(配偶)nowworked，asdidsomeofthechildren，longcommutes(通勤)becameroutine，theneedforchildcareputstrainsonthefamily．a(chǎn)ndpublicschoolswerenotasgoodastheyoncewere．Membersofthemiddleclasswerenolongerfinancingtheirlifestylesthroughearningsbutwereusingcredittostayafloat(透支)．Theunderstandingofjustwhatmiddleclassmeantwaschanging．31Thispassagegivesinformationabout.AanindividualBasocialandeconomicgroupCapoliticalorganizationDagovernmentdepartment32IntheyearsafterWorldWarⅡ,themiddleclasswere.AoverburdenedandindebtBhardworkinganddoubtfulChappyandfullofhopeDyoungandupset33Oneimportantmiddle-classvalueisthat.ApeopleshouldalwayshavefunBchildrenshouldbelieveinthemselvesCdebtisnothingtoworryaboutDtheyshouldearnenoughtofinancetheirlifestyles34Inthesecondparagraph,theword“collectively〞means.AcommonlyBhesitatinglyCunknowinglyDweakly35Thel994surveyshowedmostAmericansthoughtthemiddleclass.AtookpleasureinraisingchildrenBhadaregularjourneytoworkCcouldnotearnenoughmoneytomaintaintheirlifestylesDcouldeasilymaintaintheirlifestyles第二篇PuertoRicanCuisine(菜肴)PuertoRico,aCaribbean(加勒比海區(qū))islandrichinhistoryandremarkablenaturalbeauty,hasacuisineallitsown.Immigration(移民)totheislandhashelpedtoshapeitscuisine,withpeoplefromallovertheworldmakingvariouscontributionstoit.However,beforethearrivaloftheseimmigrants,theTainopeoplelivedontheislandofPuertoRico.Tainocuisineincludedsuchfoodsasrodents(嚙齒動(dòng)物),freshshellfishandfishfriedincornoil.ManyaspectsofTainocuisinecontinuetodayinPuertoRicancooking,butithasbeenheavilyinfluencedbytheSpanish,whoinvadedPuertoRicoin1508,andAfricans,whowereinitiallybroughttoPuertoRicotoworkasslaves.TainocookingstylesweremixedwithideasbroughtbytheSpanishandAfricanstocreatenewdishes.TheSpanishextendedfoodchoicesbybringingcattle,pigs,goats,andsheeptotheisland.Africansalsoaddedtotheisland'sfoodculturebyintroducingpowerful,contrastingtastesindishes.Infact,muchofthefoodPuertoRicoisnowfamousfor-coffee,coconuts,andoranges-wasactuallyimportedbyforeignerstotheisland.AcommonassumptionmanypeoplemakeaboutPuertoRicanfoodisthatitisveryspicy(辛辣的).It'struethatchilipeppersarepopular;aijcaballeroinparticularisaveryhotchilipepperthatPuertoRicansenjoy.However,milder(微辣的)tastesarepopulartoo,suchassofrito.AsthebaseofmanyPuertoRicandishes,sofritoisasaucemadefromchoppedonions,greenbellpeppers,sweetchilipeppers,andahandfulofotherspices.Itisfriedinoilandthenaddedtootherdishes.36、wholivedinPuertoRicofirstA.theTainopeopleB.theAfricansC.theSpanishD.theAmericans37、Inthefirstparagraphtheword“it〞r(shí)eferstoA.immigrationB.PuertoRicancuisineC.CaribbeanhistoryD.theisland’snaturalbeauty38、whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.TainodishesareimportantinPuertoRicancookingB.PuertoRicancookinghasmanyoutsideinfluencesC.Foodimportedbyforeignersisn’treallyPuertoRicanD.Africanfoodshaveprobablyhadthemostinfluence39、Howissofritoused?A.ItiseatenbeforemealsB.ItisaddedtootherdishesC.ItisusedwherefoodsaretoospicyD.Itiseatenasamaindish40、whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.ManypeoplethinkPuertoRicanfoodisspicyB.PuertoRicancuisineusesalotofchilipeppersC.softitoisatypeofextremelyspicyfoodD.Aijcaballeroisatypeofchilepepper第三篇FromPonzitoMadoffTheyearwasl920．ThecountrywastheUnitedStatesofAmerica．Theman’snamewasCharlesPonzi．Ponzitoldpeopletostopdepositingmoneyinasavingsaccount．Instead．theyshouldgiveittohimtosaveforthem．Ponzipromisedtopaythemmorethanthebank．Forexample,asavingsaccountmightpayyou$5ayearforevery$100youdeposit．Ponzi，however，wouldpayyou$40ayearforevery$100yougavehimtohold.Manypeoplethoughtthiswasagoodplan．TheybegantogivetheirmoneytoPonzi．HowcouldPonzimakesomuchmoneyforpeople?Thisiswhathedidwiththemoneypeoplegavehim：Heusedsomeofthatmoneytopayotherpeoplewhogavehimmoney．However,healsokeptalotofthemoneyforhimself．Soonhehad$250million．Thiswasakindoftheft,anditwasagainstthelaw．Thepeoplewhogavehimtheirmoneydidn’tthinkanythingwaswrong．Ponzipaidthemeverymonth．justlikeabank．Ponzicontinuedthiswayofworkingfortwoyears．Thenoneday,hedidn’thaveenoughmoneytopayallthepeople．Theydiscoveredhiscrime．a(chǎn)ndhewenttoprisonforfraud．Ninetyyearslater,peoplebegantohearaboutabusinessmaninNewYorknamedBernardMadoff．Peoplesaidhegavegoodadviceaboutmoney．Theysaidwhentheygavehimtheirmoney．hepaidthemalotmorethanthebank．Madoffhelpedhospitals,schools，andindividualsearnmoney．Overaperiodof40years．peoplegavehim$170billion．However,nooneinvestigatedwhathedidwiththemoney．ThepeoplewhogaveMadofftheirmoneyalsodidn’tthinkanythingwaswrongbecausehepaidthemeverymonth．Oneday,Madoffdidn’thaveenoughmoneytopayallthepeopleheneededtopay．That’swhenpeoplediscoveredhowMadoffworked：Hewastakingmoneyfromsomepeopletopayotherpeople，justthewayChadesPonzidid．However，thistime，insteadoflosingmillionsofdollars．peoplelostbillions．Madoffwasaccusedoffraud,andUnitedStatesgovernmentofficialsarrestedhim．Hedidn’thavetogoontrialbecausehesaidhewasguilty．In2023,ajudgesentencedhimto150yearsinprison．BernardMadoff’scrimewasevenbiggerthanPonzi’s．Itwasthebiggestfraudinhistory．Thelessonofthisstoryisclear：Whensomethingseemstoogoodtobetrue，itprobablyis!41Forevery$100,Ponzipromisedtopaypeople.A$5ayearB$20ayearC$40ayearD$100ayear42WhatdidPonzidowiththemoneypeoplegavehim?AHespentitallonthingsforhimself．BHedepositeditallinabank．CHekeptitalltosaveforagoodplan．DHeusedsomeofittopayotherpeople．43WhatwasPonzi’scrime?AHekeptalotofotherpeople’smoneyforhimself．BHerobbedthebanksofmillionsofdollars．CHegavepeoplemorethanthebankdid．DHedidnotpaypeopletheirinterests．44HowlongdidMadoff’strickslast?AFouryear．BNineyears．CFortyyears．DNinetyyears．45Whydidn’tMadoffhavetogoontrial?ATheofficialscouldn’tfindanyevidenceagainsthim．BHeadmittedhewasguilty．CHehadfriendsinthegovemmentwhohelpedhim．DHereturnedalltheillegalmoney．第5局部：補(bǔ)全短文(第46-50題，每題2分，共l0分)下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌.ForestsforCitiesYouarestandinginabeautifulforestinJapan．Theairiscleanandsmellslikeplantsandflowers．Therearel75differentkindsoftrees，and60kindsofbirdslivehere．(46)YouaredowntowninthecityofNara，Japan，inKasugayamaForest，theoldesturbanforestintheworld．Itwasstartedmorethanathousandyearsago，andtodayit'sverypopularwithtouristsandartists．Citiesaroundtheworldareworkingtoprotecttheirurbanforests．Someurbanforestsareparks，andsomearejuststreetswithalotoftrees．Butallurbanforestshavemanygoodeffectsontheenvironment．(47)Theyalsostopthenoisefromheavytraffic．Theyevenmaketheweatherbetterbecausetheymaketheair3-5degreescooler，andtheystopstrongwinds．Urbanforestsalsohavemanygoodeffectsonpeople．Theymakethecitymorebeautiful．Inacrowdedarea，theygivepeopleaplacetorelaxandspendtimeinnature．(48)Insomecountries，peoplearestartingnewurbanforests．InEngland，therearenow1.3milliontreesinanurbanforestcalledThamesChase，eastofLondon．Itwasstartedin1990，andithasgrownveryfast.Walkingandbicycleclubsusetheforest，andthereareprogramsforchildrenandartists．(49)Someoldercitiesdon'thavespaceforabigurbanforest，butplantingtreesonthestreetsmakesthecitybetter.Scientistsfoundthatcommuters(通勤人員)feelmorerelaxedwhentheycanseetrees．Treesareevengoodforbusiness．(50)Inthefuture,urbanforestswillbecomeevenmoreimportantasourcitiesgrowbigger．Inthemegacities(超大城市)oftomorrow，peoplewillneedmoregreenspacetoliveacomfortablelife．Plantingtreestodaywillmakeourlivesbetterinthefuture．ATreestakepollutionoutoftheair．BIn2033．itwillhave5milliontrees．CButyouarenotinaruralarea．DIthasmanykindsofbirdsinthecountry．EInhotcountries，urbanforestsarecoolplacesforwalkingandotherhealthyexercises.FPeoplespendmoretimeat