黑龍江省大慶市鐵人中學(xué)2019～2020學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期末考試試題【含答案】

黑龍江省大慶市鐵人中學(xué)2019-2020學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期末試題試題說明：1、本試題滿分150分，答題時(shí)間120分鐘。2、請(qǐng)將答案填寫在答題卡上，結(jié)束后只交答題卡。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)考查（每小題1分，共30小題，滿分30分）選詞填空1.Theghoststorywasso_________thateveryonepresentwasfrightenedtodeath.2.Naturalresourcesarelimited.Weshouldencouragethedevelopmentof__________resources.3.No__________experienceisnecessaryforthisjob.4.Iknowheistoo__________butIdon'twanttodepresshim.5.The_________warmademanypeoplehomeless.1.C2.E3.A4.B5.D【分析】【1題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這個(gè)鬼故事如此可怕，以至于在場的每個(gè)人都嚇得要死。根據(jù)空前的was可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞作表語，結(jié)合“everyonepresentwasfrightenedtodeath”可知scary符合題意，意為“可怕的，駭人的”，故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：自然資源是有限的。我們應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展可替代資源。根據(jù)空后的名詞resources可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞作定語，結(jié)合句意可知alternative符合題意，意為“可供選擇的，可替代的”，故選E項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這份工作不需要先前的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)空后的名詞experience可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞作定語，結(jié)合句意可知previous符合題意，意為“以前的，先前的”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我知道他太樂觀，但是我不想讓他沮喪。根據(jù)空前的is可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞作表語，結(jié)合butIdon'twanttodepresshim.可知，optimistic符合題意，意為“樂觀的”，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：內(nèi)戰(zhàn)使很多人無家可歸。根據(jù)空后的名詞war可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞作定語，結(jié)合句意可知civil符合題意，意為“國內(nèi)的”，故選D項(xiàng)。選詞填空6.There'snosimple_________tothisproblem.7.Thelakeissituatedtothesouthofthemountain__________.8.Theconcertwillraisemoneyforalocal___________.9.I'mafraidgettingthingschangedwillbeaslow_________.10.Theroseisthoughtofasthe_________oflove.6.D7.A8.B9.C10.E【分析】【6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這個(gè)問題沒有簡單的解決辦法。根據(jù)“tothisproblem”可知，solution符合題意，意為“解決辦法”，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這個(gè)湖位于山脈的南部。根據(jù)空前的定冠詞the可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合句意可知range符合題意，意為“一系列”，mountainrange意為“山脈，山巒”，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這場音樂會(huì)將為一個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)氐拇壬茩C(jī)構(gòu)籌錢。根據(jù)空前的不定冠詞a可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合“Theconcertwillraisemoney”可知，charity符合題意，意為“慈善機(jī)構(gòu)”，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：恐怕使事情發(fā)生變化是一個(gè)緩慢的過程。根據(jù)空前的不定冠詞a可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合句意可知process符合題意，意為“過程”，故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】考查名詞。句意：玫瑰被認(rèn)為是愛情的象征。根據(jù)空前的定冠詞the可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合句意可知symbol符合題意，意為“象征”，故選E項(xiàng)。選詞填空11.He__________theimportanceofagoodeducationfromdifferentaspects.12.Theidea__________tohiminadream.13.Aterriblehurricane__________thecitylastyear.14.Thesnowhad___________,butthelakewasstillfrozensolid.15.He'sgonetobe__________foranewsuit.11.E12.B13.C14.D15.A【11題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義。句意：他從不同方面強(qiáng)調(diào)了良好教育的重要性。stress意為:強(qiáng)調(diào)，陳述過去事情可知用一般過去時(shí)。根據(jù)句意可知答案E。【12題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：這個(gè)想法出現(xiàn)在他的夢(mèng)里?！皊th.occurtosb.”是一個(gè)固定搭配，意為：某事發(fā)生在某人身上，陳述過去事情可知用一般過去時(shí)。再根據(jù)句意可知答案B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義。句意：去年一場可怕的颶風(fēng)襲擊了這座城市。strick作為動(dòng)詞意為：敲擊、襲擊，根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語lastyear可知用一般過去時(shí)。結(jié)合句意可知答案C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義。句意：雪已經(jīng)融化了，但是湖水仍然凍得很結(jié)實(shí)。根據(jù)“butthelakewasstillfrozensolid”可知前文指的是雪已經(jīng)融化了，melt意為：融化，故答案為D。【15題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義。句意：他去量尺寸了，準(zhǔn)備買套新衣服。measure意為：測(cè)量、丈量，根據(jù)句中be可知用過去分詞形式。結(jié)合句意可知答案A。選詞填空16.Teamworkisakey__________ofthetrainingprogram.17.Heisa___________ofunequaltreatment.18.HongKongwasaBritish___________until1997.19.Thetreesgaveahigh________lastyear.Wehadagoodharvest.20.HouYiisaheroofanold__________.16.A17.C18.D19.E20.B【分析】【16題詳解】考查名詞。句意：團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作是這個(gè)培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目的主要特色。根據(jù)空前的冠詞a可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合句意可知feature符合題意，意為“特色，特征”，故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：他是不平等待遇的受害者。根據(jù)空前的冠詞a可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合句意可知victim符合題意，意為“受害者”，故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。句意：香港直到1997年都是英國的殖民地。根據(jù)空前的冠詞a可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合句意可知，colony符合題意，意為“殖民地”，故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這些樹去年產(chǎn)量很高。我們收成不錯(cuò)。根據(jù)空前的冠詞a可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合“Wehadagoodharvest.”可知yield符合題意，意為“產(chǎn)量，收益”，故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。句意：后裔是古代傳說中的一個(gè)英雄。根據(jù)空前的冠詞an可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合句意可知legend符合題意，意為“傳說，傳奇”，故選B項(xiàng)。選詞填空21.Itisdifficultto____________whenanearthquakewillhappen.22.Thepricesofthetoys__________between5yuanand300yuan.23.Thetestwill___________answeringquestionsaboutphotography.24.Thehallisbigenoughto______________400people.25.Don't__________!Thereisnodanger.21.B22.D23.E24.A25.C【分析】【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：很難預(yù)測(cè)地震什么時(shí)候發(fā)生。根據(jù)“whenanearthquakewillhappen”可知，predict符合題意，意為“預(yù)測(cè)”，故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這些玩具的價(jià)格在5元到300元之間變化。根據(jù)“between5yuanand300yuan”可知，vary符合題意，意為“變化”，故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：測(cè)試將包括回答關(guān)于攝影的問題。結(jié)合句意可知，動(dòng)詞involve符合題意，意為“包括，涉及”，故選E項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這個(gè)大廳足夠大容納400人。結(jié)合句意可知，動(dòng)詞accommodate符合題意，意為“容納”，故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：別驚慌！沒有危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)“Thereisnodanger.”可知，動(dòng)詞panic符合題意，意為“驚慌”，故選C項(xiàng)。選詞填空26.Theygotlostintheforest.Therewasan__________needforwaterandfood.27.Theyfoundhimlying___________onthefloorandsenthimtothenearesthospitalimmediately.28.Heavytrafficisan_____________problem.29.Riceisthe____________foodofmorethanhalftheworld'spopulation.30.COVID-19ishighly____________.26.E27.D28.C29.B30.A【分析】【26題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他們?cè)谏置粤寺?。急需水和食物。根?jù)空后的名詞need可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞作定語，結(jié)合句意可知urgent符合題意，故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他昏迷不醒地躺在地板上，立即將他送往最近的醫(yī)院。此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞作狀語，表示狀態(tài)，結(jié)合“senthimtothenearesthospitalimmediately”可知unconscious符合題意，意為“無意識(shí)的”，故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：交通堵塞是城市的問題。根據(jù)空后的名詞problem可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞作定語，結(jié)合句意可知urban符合題意，意為“城市的，都市的”，故選C項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：大米是世界上超過一半的人的主要食物。根據(jù)空后的名詞food可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞作定語，結(jié)合句意可知，staple符合題意，意為“主要的”，故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：新冠病毒具有高傳染性。根據(jù)空前的is可知，空處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞作表語，結(jié)合句意可知infectious符合題意，意為“傳染性的”，故選A項(xiàng)。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AHerearesomeofthemust-readsofthisyear.GiraffeProblemsbyJoryJohnEdwardthegiraffefeelsveryembarrassedabouthissuperlongneck.It'sdifficulttomove,toobendy,andonthewholejusttoo“necky”.Withadelightfulsenseofhumorandillustrations(插圖)thatrunacrossthepages,thisfunnystoryoffriendshipandself-acceptancewillbelovedbykids.TheDayYouBeginbyJacquelineWoodsonEverychildknowswhatit’sliketofeeldifferent.CelebratedauthorJacquelineWoodsonfindsawaytoreassurechildrenthattheyarenotaloneinthistaleabouthowsharingourownpersonalexperienceshelpsusconnectwithothers.ElmorebyHollyHobbieHollyHobbieisthecreatorofthebelovedToot&Puddleseriesandnowbringsusacharacterforthenextgeneration.Whodoesn’tloveacuteporcupine(豪豬)?Alotofotheranimals,obviously.PoorElmorecan’tmakefriends,eventhoughhereallywantsto,becauseeveryoneisafraidofhispines(刺).Thankfully,hewon’tletthatstandinhisway!WordyBirdybyTammiSauerWordyBirdylovestotalk,andtalk,andtalk,andtalk,whichmeansthatsometimesshedoesn’tpayattentiontowhatherfriendsaresayingorwhereshe’sgoing.Thatkindofthingcangetagirlintrouble.WhenWordyBirdygoesintoadeep,darkforest,sheistoobusytalkingtonoticethedangersignsahead,ortohearthewarningsfromherraccoon,squirrelandrabbitfriends,whobeghertoturnaround.31.HowcanthestoryofGiraffeProblemsmakekidsfeel?A.Delighted. B.Touched. C.Scared. D.Disappointed.32.Whycan’tElmoremakefriends?A.He’stooshytodothat. B.Othersfearhe’dhurtthem.C.Othersdislikehischaracter. D.Heoftenstandsinothers’way.33.Whichbooktellsabouttheimportanceoflisteningtoothers?A.TheDayYouBegin B.GiraffeProblemsC.WordyBirdy D.Elmore31.A32.B33.C這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了今年必讀的四本書?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“GiraffeProblemsbyJoryJohn”部分最后一句“Withadelightfulsenseofhumorandillustrations(插圖)thatrunacrossthepages,thisfunnystoryoffriendshipandself-acceptancewillbelovedbykids.(有趣的幽默感和插畫貫穿書頁，這個(gè)關(guān)于友誼和自我接納的有趣故事將受到孩子們的喜。)”可推知，GiraffeProblems這本書講述的故事會(huì)讓孩子感覺開心。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ElmorebyHollyHobbie”部分中倒數(shù)第二句“PoorElmorecan’tmakefriends,eventhoughhereallywantsto,becauseeveryoneisafraidofhispines(刺).(可憐的Elmore無法交朋友，盡管他真的很想交朋友，因?yàn)榇蠹液ε滤拇?”可知，別人害怕Elmore的刺會(huì)傷害他們，所以Elmore無法交朋友。故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段WordyBirdylovestotalk,andtalk,andtalk,andtalk,whichmeansthatsometimesshedoesn’tpayattentiontowhatherfriendsaresayingorwhereshe’sgoing.Thatkindofthingcangetagirlintrouble.WhenWordyBirdygoesintoadeep,darkforest,sheistoobusytalkingtonoticethedangersignsahead,ortohearthewarningsfromherraccoon,squirrelandrabbitfriends,whobeghertoturnaround.“WordyBirdy”的故事內(nèi)容“WordyBirdy喜歡一直講講講，有時(shí)注意不到朋友在說什么或者她要去哪兒。這種事使她陷入了麻煩。當(dāng)WordyBirdy深入一個(gè)黑暗的森林時(shí)，由于忙于講話而沒有注意前面的危險(xiǎn)信號(hào)，也沒聽見浣熊、松鼠和兔子朋友讓她返回的警告”可推知，WordyBirdy這本書講述了傾聽別人的重要性。故選C項(xiàng)。BHangingstocking(長襪)bythechimney(煙囪)withcareisoneofthemostpopularChristmastraditions,butmanyfamilieswonderwhy.Apopularorigin(起源)talestartswithnoneotherthanSt.NicholaswhowasthoughttobetheoriginalFatherChristmas.Inthethirdandfourthcenturies,St.NicholaswasaChristianbishopinmodern-dayTurkeywhomadehelpingothershislifepurpose,andhecaughtwindofafamilyinneed.Asthestorygoes,asinglefatherwasraisingthreedaughtersbutrealizedhedidn’thaveenoughmoneytopayfortheirdowries(嫁妝),withoutwhichtheycouldn’tgetmarried.Asapoorman,thefatherwouldn’tbeabletosupporthisdaughtersforlong.St.Nicholasheardofthefamily’stroublebutknewtheyweretooproudtoaccepthandouts.Tomakesuretheydidn’trefusehisgenerosity(慷慨),heanonymouslysentthemgoldatnight.Somepeoplesayhedroppedgolddownthechimney,andthegiftslandedinthestockingsthatwerelaidbythefiretodry,whileotherssaySt.Nicholashimselfclimbeddownfromthechimney.Someoneeitherthefatherorthedaughters,dependingonthetalecaughtSt.Nicholasintheactandthankedhimforhishelp.Thegiftswereenoughforthedaughterstomarryandlivehappilyeverafter.St.Nicholas’feastdaywasonDecember6,andfinally,thetraditionofleavinggiftsinstockingswaspairedupwithChristmascelebrations.SomeotherscientistssaythestockingtraditionmighthavestartedevenbeforeChristianityinScandinaviancultures.TheNorsegodOdinwassaidtocomeduringYule,ridingonaneight-leggedhorse.Childrenwouldleavesugarandcarrotsintheirshoestofeedthehorse,andOdinwouldleavethemgiftsinreturn.We’llneverknowforsurethetrueoriginofthestockingtradition,butstockingshaveastrongfootholdinChristmastradition.Thegift-givingoriginsshowgenerosityandkindnessaslongasyou’reonSt.Nicholas’nicelist,ofcourse.34.WhydidSt.Nicholasdecidetohelpthefamily?A.Thefatherraisedthreedaughters. B.Thefamilyhadnomoneytosupportthemselves.C.Thedaughterscouldn’tgetmarried. D.Thefatherwasn’twillingtopayforthedowries.35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“anonymously”inParagraph4mean?A.Honestly. B.Simply. C.Secretly. D.Immediately.36.WhatdothetwostoriesaboutSt.Nicholashaveincommon?A.St.Nicholasmetthefamilyonpurpose.B.St.Nicholashidthegoldinthestockings.C.St.Nicholasplacedthegirls’stockingsbesidethefire.D.St.Nicholaswantedtohelpthefamilythroughthechimney.37.Whatcanbelearntfromthelastparagraph?A.Childrenwererewardedfortheirkindness.B.Childrenhunguptheirshoestobegforgifts.C.PeoplehungupstockingsinmemoryofOdin.D.Scandinavianculturesvaluedthestockingtradition.34.C35.C36.D37.A【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了圣誕節(jié)時(shí)把長筒襪掛在煙囪旁的起源。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Asthestorygoes,asinglefatherwasraisingthreedaughtersbutrealizedhedidn’thaveenoughmoneytopayfortheirdowries(嫁妝),withoutwhichtheycouldn’tgetmarried.(故事是這樣的，一個(gè)單身父親撫養(yǎng)三個(gè)女兒，但是他意識(shí)到?jīng)]有足夠的錢支付嫁妝，沒有嫁妝她們就不能結(jié)婚)”可知，父親沒有錢支付女兒的嫁妝，女兒不能結(jié)婚，所以St.Nicholas決定幫助這個(gè)家庭。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】A.Honestly.B.Simply.A.Honestly.B.Simply.，結(jié)合劃線詞所在句“Tomakesuretheydidn’trefusehisgenerosity(慷慨)”及“atnight”可知，為了確保這個(gè)家庭不拒絕St.Nicholas的慷慨，St.Nicholas應(yīng)是在夜里“秘密地”給他們送黃金，所以劃線詞“anonymously”意為“秘密地”。A.Honestly.真誠地；B.Simply.簡單地；C.Secretly.秘密地；D.Immediately.立即。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“Somepeoplesayhedroppedgolddownthechimney,andthegiftslandedinthestockingsthatwerelaidbythefiretodry,whileotherssaySt.Nicholashimselfclimbeddownfromthechimney.”可知，有些人說他順著煙囪往下扔黃金，禮物落在了放在煙囪旁烘干的長筒襪里，然而其他人說St.Nicholas自己從煙囪往下爬，由此可知，關(guān)于St.Nicholas的兩個(gè)故事的共同之處是St.Nicholas想穿過煙囪幫助這個(gè)家庭。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Thegift-givingoriginsshowgenerosityandkindnessaslongasyou’reonSt.Nicholas’nicelist,ofcourse.(送禮物的起源故事展現(xiàn)了慷慨和善良，當(dāng)然，只要你在St.Nicholas的好人名單上)”可推知，孩子會(huì)因?yàn)樗麄兊纳屏级玫交貓?bào)。故選A項(xiàng)。CSomecaterpillars’warningsignals(信號(hào))mayhaveevolved(進(jìn)化)fromwalking.Ateam,writinginthejournalNatureCommunications,reportedthatthehair-likestructuresthelivingthingsusetomakesoundsevolvedfromlegs.Theteamstudiedcaterpillarswhichusethesestructurestocommunicatetheirownershipofleaves.Thismeansthecaterpillarsareableto“tell”strangerstogoawaywithoutriskinginjuryinfighting.“Thesearereallyinterestingcaterpillars,”saidDr.JayneYackfromCarletonUniversityinOttawa,Canada,wholedtheresearch.“Theymakesignalsusinghair-likestructureswhichareontheirbackends.”Thecaterpillarsdragthesestructuresacrosstheleaftomakescraping(刺耳的)soundswhenstrangersentertheareaoftheirleaves.“Whentheymakethissignal,thestrangersleave,”explainedDr.Yack.“It’slikesaying‘I’mhere,getoutofhere—Ialreadyownthisleaf’.”Thescientistslookedatotherspecies(物種)withinthesamegroupofcaterpillarsandcreatedtheir“familytree”.Theyusedchemicalmarkers(標(biāo)記物)toworkouttherelationshipbetweentheanimals,showingwhichinthegroupwerethemoreancientspeciesandwhichspeciesevolvedmorerecently.“Thosemoreancientspeciesactuallydon’thavethesesound-producingstructures.Theyhavelegsthattheyusetowalktowardsstrangers,”saidDr.Yack.Thesemoreancientspecies,sheexplained,walktowardsstrangersandtrytofightagainstthem.“Theycankilleachotherinthefighting,”Dr.Yackadded.Shesaidthattheevolutionofthescrapingshowhadallowedthecaterpillarstosolvetheirfightingwithoutinjury.“Soourideaisthatthesesignalsactuallyavoidharmtobothsides—theysolvefightinginamore‘friendly’way.”Thestudyalsoprovidesamapofanevolutionaryprocessthatmanyotherbiologistsareresearching.38.Whatcanwelearnaboutcaterpillars’warningstructuresfromthetext?A.Theyhavethesameuseashair.B.Theyarefoundincaterpillars’heads.C.Theyareusedtofightagainststrangers.D.Theymayhaveevolvedfromcaterpillars’legs.39.Accordingtothetext,Dr.Yack’steamdidNOT________.A.drawafamilytreeofcaterpillarsB.createamaptoshowhowcaterpillarsevolveC.studyspecieswithinthesamegroupofcaterpillarsD.makecleartherelationshipbetweendifferentspeciesofcaterpillars40.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inthefifthparagraphreferto?A.Theancientspecies. B.Thechemicalmarkers.C.Thesound-producingstructures. D.Themorerecentlyevolvedspecies.41.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Howcaterpillarsevolved.B.Howcaterpillarswarnstrangers.C.Communicationbetweencaterpillars.D.Caterpillars’warningsignalsevolvedfromwalking.38.D39.B40.A41.D本文是科普類說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，研究表明一些毛毛蟲的警告信號(hào)是從步行進(jìn)化而來的?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的Ateam,writinginthejournalNatureCommunications,reportedthatthehair-likestructuresthelivingthingsusetomakesoundsevolvedfromlegs.(在《自然通訊》雜志上發(fā)表文章的一個(gè)研究小組報(bào)告說，這些生物用來制造聲音的毛發(fā)狀結(jié)構(gòu)是從腿上進(jìn)化而來的)可知，它們可能是由毛蟲的腿進(jìn)化而來的。故選D。【39題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Thestudyalsoprovidesamapofanevolutionaryprocessthatmanyotherbiologistsareresearching.(這項(xiàng)研究還提供了一個(gè)許多其他生物學(xué)家正在研究的進(jìn)化過程的地圖)可知，Yack博士的團(tuán)隊(duì)沒有創(chuàng)建一張地圖來顯示毛毛蟲是如何進(jìn)化的。故選B。【40題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文Thosemoreancientspeciesactuallydon’thavethesesound-producingstructures.(那些更古老的物種實(shí)際上沒有這些產(chǎn)生聲音的結(jié)構(gòu))，可知，劃線部分的意思是：它們沒有用來走向陌生人的腿，因此推斷They指代“那些古老的物種”。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段的Somecaterpillars’warningsignals(信號(hào))mayhaveevolved(進(jìn)化)fromwalking.(一些毛毛蟲的警告信號(hào)可能是從行走中進(jìn)化出來的)以及下文對(duì)這個(gè)結(jié)論的研究的介紹可知，文章主要講述的是毛毛蟲的警告信號(hào)是從步行進(jìn)化而來的。故選D。DWeknowit’sgoodtolearnanotherlanguage.Itopensdoors,makesyoumoreemployable,helpsyoumakenewfriends,andit’sfun,too.Buttoimproveourlinguistic（語言）skills,manyofushavetostandhoursofschoollessonsoreveningclasses,withourheadsburiedintextbooks.It’snowonderthattechnologyappearstobeprovidingabetterandmoreaccessiblewayoflearning.Thereiscertainlyahugedemandforlanguagelearning,andhavingasmartphonemeansyoucanhaveavirtualteacherwithyouwhereveryougo.Manyappdevelopersarekeentocashinonthedemand,andtherearenumerouslearningappsavailable—includingourown,free,BBCLearningEnglishapp!Someeducationalappsofferlanguagesnotpopularenoughtobetaughtateveningclasses,oratmostuniversities.Andothersoffer“invented”languagecoursesinEsperanto,ElvishandStarTrek’sKlingon—lessonsyoumightnotfindinatraditionalclassroom.Whateveryouwanttolearn,appsallowyoutogoatyourownpaceandfitlearningaroundothercommitments.Butthey’renotperfect—youmightnotgetyourheadroundthegrammarandwilllackthepeersupportyougetinaclassroomenvironment.So,doestechnologytaketheplaceoftheendoftraditionalclassroomsandteachers?GuyBaron,headofmodernlanguagesatAberystwythUniversity,thinksnot.HetoldtheBBCthatappsshouldbeusedalongsideclassroommethods,nottoremovetraditionalteaching.Andheadds:“Theappsarenotdesignedfordegrees,buttheycouldbeadditionalresources.”Certainlytechnologyisgoingtohelpinandoutsidetheclassroom.Butattendingareallesson,facingarealteacher,probablyforcesyoutobemoreinvolved.42.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Smartphonesmustbeusedinlanguageclasses.B.Everyonehastobeartostayinclassroomsallday.C.Learninganotherlanguagehelpsimprovetechnology.D.Languagelearnershavemorechancestobeemployed.43.Whatcanyoudobylearningonapps?A.Studyingonyourownschedule.B.Learningallthepopularlanguages.C.Becomingamasterofgrammareasily.D.Havingmanyclassmatestostudytogether.44.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Technologywillreplaceteachers.B.Weusetechnologytoteachbetter.C.Realteachersandlessonsgetusmoreinvolved.D.Appsshouldbepopularizedinalldifferentclasses.45.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheWaytoLearnwithApps.B.TheAdvantagesofLearningwithAppsC.TheChoiceofAppsorClassroomLearning.D.TheImportanceofLearninganotherlanguage.42.D43.A44.C45.C這是一篇議論文。很多人認(rèn)為手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序給學(xué)習(xí)者提供了一種可以替代在教室里學(xué)習(xí)的選擇。讓學(xué)習(xí)者按照自己的節(jié)奏，在日常生活之余隨時(shí)隨地學(xué)習(xí)外語。但手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序是學(xué)習(xí)的最佳工具嗎?本文討論用智能手機(jī)學(xué)習(xí)的利弊，以及它是否預(yù)示著傳統(tǒng)課堂教學(xué)模式將從此一去不返?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Itopensdoors,makesyoumoreemployable,helpsyoumakenewfriends,andit’sfuntoo.”可知它開啟大門，讓你更有可能被雇傭，幫助你交到新朋友，并且它也很有趣。可以判斷出學(xué)習(xí)一門語言可以讓人更具工作競爭力。故選D項(xiàng)。【43題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Whateveryouwanttolearn,appsallowyoutogoatyourownpaceandfitlearningaroundothercommitments.”可知，通過app學(xué)習(xí)語言，人們可以按照自己的節(jié)奏進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二、第三句“Butattendingareallesson,facingarealteacher,probablyforcesyoutobemoredevoted.Motivationcanbeaproblemwhenusinganapp.”可知，參加真實(shí)的課堂可能會(huì)迫使人們投入其中，但用app學(xué)習(xí)語言就沒有這一優(yōu)點(diǎn)。由此判斷出真正的老師和課程讓我們更投入。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，很多人認(rèn)為手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序給學(xué)習(xí)者提供了一種可以替代在教室里學(xué)習(xí)的選擇。讓學(xué)習(xí)者按照自己的節(jié)奏，在日常生活之余隨時(shí)隨地學(xué)習(xí)外語。但手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序是學(xué)習(xí)的最佳工具嗎?本文討論用智能手機(jī)學(xué)習(xí)的利弊，以及它是否預(yù)示著傳統(tǒng)課堂教學(xué)模式將從此一去不返?？梢耘袛喽涛牡淖罴褬?biāo)題為“智能手機(jī)學(xué)習(xí)還是傳統(tǒng)課堂學(xué)習(xí)”故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從所給選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manyscientistsbelieveourloveofsugarmayactuallybeanaddiction.Whenweeatordrinksugaryfoods,thesugarentersourbloodandaffectspartsofourbrainthatmakeusfeelgood.___46___Inthisway,itisinfactanaddictivedrug,onethatdoctorsrecommendweallcutdownon.“ItseemslikeeverytimeIstudyanillnessandtraceapathtothefirstcause,Ifindmywaybacktosugar,”saysscientistRichardJohnson.One-thirdofadultsworldwidehavehighbloodpressure,andupto347millionhavediabetes.Why?“___47___“saysJohnson.Ourbodiesaredesignedtosurviveonverylittlesugar.Earlyhumansoftenhadverylittlefood,soourbodieslearnedtobeveryefficientinstoringsugarasfat.Inthisway,wehadenergystoredforwhentherewasnofood.Buttoday,mostpeoplehavemorethanenough.___48___Sowhatisthesolution?It’sobviousthatweneedtoeatlesssugar.___49___Frombreakfastcerealstoafter-dinnerdesserts,ourfoodsareincreasinglyfilledwithit.Somemanufacturersevenusesugartoreplacetasteinfoodsthatareadvertisedaslowinfat.Buttherearethosewhoarefightingbackagainstsugar.___50___Otherschoolsaregrowingtheirownfoodingardens,orbuildingfacilitieslikewalkingtrackssostudentsandothersinthecommunitycanexercise.Thebattlehasnotyetbeenlost.A.Wetakeinmoreenergyandfat.B.Thenthegoodfeelinggoesaway,leavinguswantingmore.C.Ourancestorswereusedtopoorfood,clothingandshelter.D.Sotheverythingthatoncesavedus,maynowbekillingus.E.Sugar,webelieve,isoneofthereasons,ifnotthemajorone.F.Thetroubleis,intoday'sworld,it'sextremelydifficulttoavoid.G.Manyschoolsarereplacingsugarydessertswithhealthieroptionslikefruit.46.B47.E48.D49.F50.G這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了許多科學(xué)家認(rèn)為吃糖會(huì)上癮，并引發(fā)疾病。為此，人們應(yīng)該減少攝入糖分，一些學(xué)校開始用水果代替甜點(diǎn)，或者步行道讓學(xué)生們加強(qiáng)鍛煉。【46題詳解】根據(jù)下文Inthisway,itisinfactanaddictivedrug,onethatdoctorssuggestweallcutdownon.可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)以這種方式，糖會(huì)使我們門上癮，醫(yī)生也建議我們要減少食用。因此橫線處應(yīng)該是說明糖為什么會(huì)使人上癮。故B項(xiàng)（Thenthegoodfeelinggoesaway,leavinguswantingmore）然后這種感覺消失，我們需要更多糖分。引出下文，符合語境。故正確答案為B。47題詳解】根據(jù)上文“One-thirdofadultsworldwidehavehighbloodpressure,andupto347millionhavediabetes.Why?”（世界上有三分之一的成年人患有高血壓，高達(dá)3億4700萬的人患有糖尿病。為什么？）可知，下文應(yīng)是介紹原因的。故E項(xiàng)（Sugar,webelieve,isoneofthereasons,ifnotthemajorone）我們認(rèn)為，糖是原因之一，即使不是主要原因。承接上文，符合題意。故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Earlyhumansoftenhadverylittlefood,soourbodieslearnedtobeveryefficientinstoringsugarasfat.Inthisway,wehadenergystoredforwhentherewasnofood.”可知，早期人類通常很少有食物，所以我們的身體學(xué)會(huì)了非常有效地將糖儲(chǔ)存為脂肪。這樣，我們就可以在沒有食物的時(shí)候儲(chǔ)存能量。這是在說明糖分的好處，緊接著Butoday轉(zhuǎn)折，意味著橫線處是強(qiáng)調(diào)糖分?jǐn)z入過分的害處。故D（Sotheverythingthatoncesavedus,maynowbekillingus.）曾經(jīng)救過我們的東西現(xiàn)在可能正在致我們于死地，承上啟下，符合語境。故選D。49題詳解】根據(jù)上文“It’sobviousthatweneedtoeatlesssugar.”和下文“Frombreakfastcerealstoafter-dinnerdesserts,ourfoodsareincreasinglyfilledwithit”可知，我們需要減少糖的食用，但是事實(shí)上從早餐到晚餐我們的食物中含有大量的糖。也就是說橫線處是對(duì)我們不得不吃糖這一事實(shí)的說明。故F項(xiàng)（Thetroubleis,intoday'sworld,it'sextremelydifficulttoavoid），問題是，在當(dāng)今世界，這是極難避免的，承上啟下，符合語境。故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Buttherearethosewhoarefightingbackagainstsugar”可知，有些人已經(jīng)開始與糖分做斗爭，故下文應(yīng)列舉具體斗爭的方法。故G項(xiàng)（Manyschoolsarereplacingsugarydessertswithhealthieroptionslikefruit.）許多學(xué)校正在選用更健康的食物例如水果代替含糖甜點(diǎn)，承上啟下，符合題意。故選G。第三部分：語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。WhenRobbieCampbellsetouttomarryStephanieAgnewinAustralia,hedecidedtomakethedayasperfectaspossible.Todothat,he___51___theeyesofallhisweddingguestssotheycould___52___theirweddinginexactlythesamewayashisbride(新娘),Stephanie,whowent___53___shortlybeforemeetingRobbie.JamesBaker___54___themostpreciousmomentsoftheday,andthephotosareimpressive.Robbiemadea(n)___55___totheguests,saying:“Whenweloseoneofour___56___,theothersheighten.Thisallowsustoexperiencesomethingasbeautifulasthesevows(誓言)inatotally___57___way.Today,wegettoexperienceitfromStephanie’spointofview.”Althoughthe___58___wascertainlyunusualforthosepresent,itactually___59___alottoRobbieaswellasStephanie’s___60___,who,likeherdaughter,wentblindfromaneyedisease.“Icouldn’t___61___myemotionsasshewalkeddowntheaisle(走上紅毯),”Robbiesaid.“Shelookedlikeatrueprincessinthedress.___62___,theblindfolds(眼罩)werereceivedwellbytheguests.Theyall___63___thechancetoexperiencethatmomentinthesamewayStephanieandhermumwereexperiencingit.”ForStephanie,whohas___64___seenherhusband,themomentwasoneshe’llnever___65___.“WhatIknowishis___66___,”Stephaniesaid.“Heis6foot4inchesandIam5foot4inches,soheisalot___67___thanme.AndIknowhehasbroadshoulders,but___68___thatIhavetorelyondescription.Everyonehas___69___butit’simportanttodigdeepwithinyouandunderstandthatlifecanbehardbuttherearealwayswaysto___70___.51.A.protected B.examined C.opened D.covered52.A.plan B.experience C.complete D.organize53.A.blind B.crazy C.hungry D.deaf54.A.recalled B.preferred C.recorded D.picked55.A.improvement B.promise C.difference D.announcement56.A.senses B.friends C.keys D.relatives57.A.traditional B.special C.ordinary D.wrong58.A.invitation B.reason C.request D.question59.A.meant B.brought C.showed D.taught60.A.father B.brother C.sister D.mother61.A.feel B.control C.picture D.understand62.A.Thankfully B.Unfortunately C.Carefully D.Unsurprisingly63.A.provided B.created C.missed D.valued64.A.ever B.always C.never D.seldom65.A.enjoy B.forget C.know D.change66.A.build B.appearance C.character D.hobby67.A.thinner B.heavier C.taller D.healthier68.A.laterthan B.biggerthan C.ratherthan D.otherthan69.A.advantages B.difficulties C.purposes D.rules70.A.discuss B.meetwith C.dealwith D.accept51.D52.B53.A54.C55.D56.A57.B58.C59.A60.D61.B62.A63.D64.C65.B66.A67.C68.D69.B70.C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了RobbieCampbell為失明的妻子舉辦的一場特殊的婚禮?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了做到那些，他讓所有的賓客遮住眼睛，這樣他們就能和新娘Stephanie用完全相同的方式體驗(yàn)婚禮，Stephanie在遇見Robbie前不久失明了。A.protected保護(hù)；B.examined檢查；C.opened打開；D.covered遮住，掩蓋。根據(jù)下文“theblindfolds(眼罩)werereceivedwellbytheguests”可知，賓客們都戴著眼罩，所以此處指“遮住”眼睛，故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了做到那些，他讓所有的賓客遮住眼睛，這樣他們就能和新娘Stephanie用完全相同的方式體驗(yàn)婚禮，Stephanie在遇見Robbie前不久失明了。A.plan計(jì)劃；B.experience體驗(yàn)；C.complete競爭；D.organize組織。根據(jù)下文“Today,wegettoexperienceitfromStephanie’spointofview.”可知，此處指和新娘Stephanie完全相同的方式“體驗(yàn)”婚禮，故選B項(xiàng)。【53題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：為了做到那些，他讓所有的賓客遮住眼睛，這樣他們就能和新娘Stephanie用完全相同的方式體驗(yàn)婚禮，Stephanie在遇見Robbie前不久失明了。A.blind看不見的；B.crazy瘋狂的；C.hungry饑餓的；D.deaf聾的。根據(jù)下文“…aswellasStephanie’s10,who,likeherdaughter,wentblindfromaneyedisease”可知，Stephanie在遇見Robbie前不久“失明”了，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：JamesBaker記錄下了那天最珍貴的一些時(shí)刻，拍攝的照片令人印象深刻。A.recalled回憶；B.preferred更喜歡；C.recorded記錄；D.picked撿起。根據(jù)“andthephotosareimpressive”可知，JamesBaker用照片“記錄”下了那天最珍貴的一些時(shí)刻，故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Robbie向賓客致辭說：“當(dāng)我們失去一種意識(shí)，其他的就會(huì)變強(qiáng)。”A.improvement改善；B.promise承諾；C.difference不同；D.announcement宣布。根據(jù)空后的“saying”可知，此處指Robbie在婚禮上向賓客致辭，makeanannouncement宣布，發(fā)表聲明，是固定短語，故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Robbie向賓客致辭說：“當(dāng)我們失去一種意識(shí)，其他的就會(huì)變強(qiáng)?！盇.senses感覺，意識(shí)；B.friends朋友；C.keys鑰匙；D.relatives親戚。根據(jù)上文賓客們遮住眼睛及下一句“Today,wegettoexperienceitfromStephanie’spointofview.”可知，此處指失去視覺，屬于一種“感官意識(shí)”，故選A項(xiàng)。【57題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓我們用一種非常特殊的方式體驗(yàn)像誓言一樣美好的事情。A.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；B.special特殊的；C.ordinary普通的；D.wrong錯(cuò)誤的。根據(jù)下文“Althoughth