2007年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)真題及答案

2007年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試試題PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofWhatelectivestochoose.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow:Whatelectivestochoose各大學(xué)開設(shè)了各種各樣的選修課學(xué)生因?yàn)楦鞣N原因選擇了不同的選修課以你自己為例……PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.UniversitiesBranchOutAsneverbeforeintheirlonghistory,universitieshavebecomeinstrumentsofnationalcompetitionaswellasinstrumentsofpeace.Theyaretheplaceofthescientificdiscoveriesthatmoveeconomiesforward,andtheprimarymeansofeducatingthetalentrequiredtoobtainandmaintaincompetitiveadvantage.Butatthesametime,theopeningofnationalborderstotheflowofgoods,services,informationandespeciallypeoplehasmadeuniversitiesapowerfulforceforglobalintegration,mutualunderstandingandgeopoliticalstability.Inresponsetothesameforcesthathavderiventheworldeconomy,universitieshavebecomemoreself-consciouslyglobal:seekingstudentsfromaroundtheworldwhorepresenttheentirerangeofculturesandvalues,sendingtheirownstudentsabroadtopreparethemforglobalcareers,offeringcourseofstudythataddressthechallengesofaninterconnectedworldandcollaborative(合作的)researchprogramstoadvancescienceforthebenefitofallhumanity.Oftheforcesshapinghighereducationnoneismoresweepingthanthemovementacrossborders.Overthepastthreedecadesthenumberofstudentsleavinghomeeachyeartostudyabroadhasgrownatanannualrateofpercent,from800,000in1975tomillionin2004.Mosttravelfromonedevelopednationtoanother,buttheflowfromdevelopingtodevelopedcountriesisgrowingrapidly.Thereverseflow,fromdevelopedtodevelopingcountries,isontherise,too.Todayforeignstudentsearn30percentofthedoctoraldegreesawardedintheUnitedStatesand38percentofthoseintheUnitedKingdom.Andthenumbercrossingbordersforundergraduatestudyisgrowingaswell,to8percentoftheundergraduatesatAmerica'sbestinstitutionsand10percentofallundergraduatesinthe.IntheUnitedStates,20percentofthenewlyhiredprofessorsinscienceandengineeringareforeign-born,andinChinamanynewlyhiredfacultymembersatthetopresearchuniversitiesreceivedtheirgraduateeducationabroad.Universitiesarealsoencouragingstudentstospendsomeoftheirundergraduateyearsinanothercountry.InEurope,morethan140,000studentsparticipateintheErasmusprogrameachyear,takingcoursesforcreditinoneof2,200participatinginstitutionsacrossthecontinent.AndintheUnitedStates,institutionsarehelpingplacestudentsinsummerinternships(實(shí)習(xí))abroadtopreparethemforglobalcareers.YaleandHarvardhaveledtheway,offeringeveryundergraduateatleastoneinternationalstudyorinternshipopportunity--andprovidingthefinancialresourcestomakeitpossible.Globalizationisalsoreshapingthewayresearchisdone.Onenewtrendinvolvessourcingportionsofaresearchprogramtoanothercountry.YaleprofessorandHowardHughesMedicalInstituteinvestigatorTianXudirectsaresearchcenterfocusedonthegeneticsofhumandiseaseatShanghai'sFudanUniversity,incollaborationwithfacultycolleaguesfrombothschools.TheShanghaicenterhas95employeesandgraduatestudentsworkingina4,300-square-meterlaboratoryfacility.Yalefaculty,postdoctorsandgraduatestudentsvisitregularlyandattendvideoconferenceseminarswithscientistsfrombothcampuses.Thearrangementbenefitsbothcountries;Xu'sYalelabismoreproductive,thankstothelowercostsofconductingresearchinChina,andChinesegraduatestudents,postdoctorsandfacultygeton-the-jobtrainingfromaworld-classscientistandhisU.S.team.Asaresultofitsstrengthinscience,theUnitedStateshasconsistentlyledtheworldinthecommercializationofmajornewtechnologies,fromthemainframecomputerandtheintegratedcircuitofthe1960stotheInternetinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)andapplicationssoftwareofthe1990s.Thelinkbetweenuniversity-basedscienceandindustrialapplicationisoftenindirectbutsometimeshighlyvisible:SiliconValleywasintentionallycreatedbyStanfordUniversity,andRoute128outsideBostonhaslonghousedcompaniesspunofffromMITandHarvard.Aroundtheworld,governmentshaveencouragedcopyingofthismodel,perhapsmostsuccessfullyinCambridge,England,whereMicrosoftandscoresofotherleadingsoftwareandbiotechnologycompanieshavesetupshoparoundtheuniversity.Forallitssuccess,theUnitedStatesremainsdeeplyhesitantaboutsustainingtheresearch-universitymodel.Mostpoliticiansrecognizethelinkbetweeninvestmentinscienceandnationaleconomicstrength,butsupportforresearchfundinghasbeenunsteady.ThebudgetoftheNationalInstitutesofHealthdoubledbetween1998and2003,buthasrisenmoreslowlythaninflationsincethen.Supportforthephysicalsciencesandengineeringbarelykeptpacewithinflationduringthatsameperiod.Theattempttomakeuplostgroundiswelcome,butthenationwouldbebetterservedbysteady,predictableincreasesinsciencefundingattherateoflong-termGDPgrowth,whichisontheorderofinflationplus3percentperyear.Americanpoliticianshavegreatdifficultrecognizingthatadmittingmoreforeignstudentscangreatlypromotethenationalinterestbyincreasinginternationalunderstanding.Adjustedforinflation,publicfundingforinternationalexchangesandforeign-languagestudyiswellbelowthelevelsof40yearsago.InthewakeofSeptember11,changesinthevisaprocesscausedadramaticdeclineinthenumberofforeignstudentsseekingadmissiontoU.S.universities,andacorrespondingsurgeinenrollmentsinAustralia,SingaporeandtheU.K.ObjectionsfromAmericanuniversityandbusinessleadersledtoimprovementsintheprocessandareversalofthedecline,buttheUnitedStatesisstillseenbymanyasunwelcomingtointernationalstudents.MostAmericansrecognizethatuniversitiescontributetothenation'swell-beingthroughtheirscientificresearch,butmanyfearthatforeignstudentsthreatenAmericancompetitivenessbytakingtheirknowledgeandskillsbackhome.TheyfalltograspthatwelcomingforeignstudentstotheUnitedStateshastwoimportantpositiveeffects:first,theverybestofthemstayintheStatesand--likeimmigrantsthroughouthistory--strengthenthenation;andsecond,foreignstudentswhostudyintheUnitedStatesbecomeambassadorsformanyofitsmostcherished珍(視)valueswhentheyreturnhome.Oratleasttheyunderstandthembetter.InAmericaaselsewhere,fewinstrumentsofforeignpolicyareaseffectiveinpromotingpeaceandstabilityaswelcominginternationaluniversitystudents.Fromthefirstparagraphweknowthatpresent-dayuniversitieshavebecome.morepopularizedthaneverbeforein-servicetrainingorganizationsapowerfulforceforglobalintegrationmoreandmoreresearch-orientedOverthepastdecades,theenrollmentofoverseasstudentshasincreased.atanannualrateof8percentB)atanannualrateofpercentC)by800,000D)bymillionIntheUnitedStates,howmanyofthenewlyhiredprofessorsinscienceandengineeringareforeign-born?38%.B)10%.C)30%D)20%.HowdoYaleandHarvardpreparetheirundergraduatesforglobalcareers?Theygivethemchancesforinternationalstudyorinternship.TheyarrangeforthemtoparticipateintheErasmusprogram.Theyofferthemvariouscoursesininternationalpolitics.Theyorganizeaseriesofseminarsonworldeconomy.Anexampleillustratingthegeneraltrendofuniversities'globalizationis.Yale'sestablishingbranchcampusesthroughouttheworldYale'sstudentexchangeprogramwithEuropeaninstitutionsYale'shelpingChineseuniversitiestolaunchresearchprojectsD)Yale'scollaborationwithFudanUniversityongeneticresearchWhatdowelearnaboutSiliconValleyfromthepassage?ItisknowntobethebirthplaceofMicrosoftCompany.ItwasintentionallycreatedbyStanfordUniversity.ItiswheretheInternetinfrastructurewasbuiltup.IthousesmanycompaniesspunofffromMITandHarvard.Whatissaidaboutthe.federalfundingforresearch?Ithasincreasedby3percent.Itdoubledbetween1998and2003.Ithasbeenunsteadyforyears.Ithasbeenmorethansufficient.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zThedramaticdeclineintheenrollmentofforeignstudentsintheU.S.afterSeptember11wascausedby.ManyAmericansfearthatAmericancompetitivenessmaybethreatenedbyforeignstudentswhowill.ThepolicyofwelcomingforeignstudentscanbenefittheU.S.inthattheverybestofthemwillstayand.PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefcohuoricesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D],anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions11to18arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.11.[A]Sheusedtobeinpoorhealth.[C]Shewassomewhatoverweight.[B]Shewaspopularamongboys.[D]Shedidn'tdowellathighschool.12.[A]Attheairport.[C]Inahookingoffice.[B]Inarestaurant.[D]Atthehotelreception.13.[A]Teachinghersonbyherself.[C]Askingtheteacherforextrahelp

7.18.[B][A][B][A][B][A][B][C][D][A][B][C][D][A][B][C][D]Havingconfidenceinherson.Haveashortbreak.Taketwoweeksoff.Heistakingcareofthistwinbrother.Hehasbeenfeelingillallweek.[D]Tellinghersonnottoworry.[C]Continueherworkoutdoors.[D]Goonvacationwiththeman.[C]HeisworriedaboutRod'shealth.[D]Hehasbeeninperfectcondition.7.18.[B][A][B][A][B][A][B][C][D][A][B][C][D][A][B][C][D]Havingconfidenceinherson.Haveashortbreak.Taketwoweeksoff.Heistakingcareofthistwinbrother.Hehasbeenfeelingillallweek.[D]Tellinghersonnottoworry.[C]Continueherworkoutdoors.[D]Goonvacationwiththeman.[C]HeisworriedaboutRod'shealth.[D]Hehasbeeninperfectcondition.sheSheSheSheTheThesoldallherfurniturebeforeshemovedhouse.stillkeepssomeoldfurnitureinhernewhouse.planstoputallheroldfurnitureinthebasement.broughtanewsetoffurniturefromItalylastmonth.wonderedwhythemandidn'treturnthebook.doesn'tseemtoknowwhatthebookisabout.doesn'tfindthebookusefulanymore.forgotlendingthebooktotheman.womanwomanTheTheMostoftheman'sfriendsareathletes.FewpeoplesharetheThemandoesn'tlookThewomandoubtsthewomanwomanQuestions19to22arebased19.[A]taxi.Shehaspackeditinwoman'sopinion.likeasportsman.man'sathleticability.ontheconversationoneofherbags.youhavejustheard.[C]Shehasprobablyleftitina[B]Sheisgoingtogetitattheit.20.[A]Itendsinwinter.[B]Itwillcostheralot.21.[A]Theplaneistakingoffsoon.[B]Thetaxiiswaitingforthem.22.[A]Athome.[B]Intheman'scar.Questions23to25arebasedonairport.[D]Sheisafraidthatshehaslost[C]Itwilllastoneweek.[D]Itdepends[C]Theremight[D]Thereisaontheweather.beatrafficjam.lotofstufftopack.23.[A][B]24.[A][B]25.[A][B]SectiontheconversationSheisthirstyforpromotion,Shewantsamuchhighersalary.Translator.Travelagent.Livelypersonalityandinquiringmind.Communicationskillsandteamspirit.B[C]Attheairport.[D]Bythesideofyouhavejustheard.[C]Sheistiredofherpresentwork.[D]Shewantstosavetravelexpenses.[C]Languageinstructor.[D]Environmentalengineer.[C]Devotionandworkefficiency.[D]Educationandexperience.ataxi.passages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillDirections:Inthissectionyouwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D]ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.[A]Theycarealotaboutchildren.[C]Theywanttoenrichtheirlifeexperience.Theyneedlookingafterintheiroldage.[D]Theywantchildrentokeepthemcompany.[A]Theyareusuallyadoptedfromdistantplaces.Theirbirthinformationisusuallykeptsecret.Theirbirthparentsoftentrytoconcealtheirbirthinformation.Theiradoptiveparentsdon'twantthemtoknowtheirbirthparents.[A]Theygenerallyholdbadfeelingstowardstheirbirthparents.Theydonotwanttohurtthefeelingsoftheiradoptiveparents.Theyhavemixedfeelingsaboutfindingtheirnaturalparents.Theyarefullyawareoftheexpensesinvolvedinthesearch.[A]Earlyadoptionmakesforcloserparent-childrelationship.Mostpeopleprefertoadoptchildrenfromoverseas.Understandingisthekeytosuccessfuladoption.Adoptionhasmuchtodowithlove.PassageTwoQuestions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.[A]Hesufferedfrommentalillness.[C]Heturnedafailingnewspaperintoasuccess.HeboughtTheWashingtonPost.[D]Hewasonceareporterforamajornewspaper.[A]Shewasthefirstwomantoleadabig.publishingcompany.ShegotherfirstjobasateacherattheUniversityofChicago.Shecommittedsuicidebecauseofhermentaldisorder.Shetookoverherfather'spositionwhenhedied.[A]Peoplecametoseetheroleofwomeninthebusinessworld.KatharineplayedamajorpartinreshapingAmericans'mind.AmericanmediawouldbequitedifferentwithoutKatharine.Katharinehadexertedanimportantinfluenceontheworld.PassageThreeQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.[A]It'llenablethemtoenjoythebestmedicalcare.[C]It'llprotectthemfrompossiblefinancialcrises.[B]It'llallowthemtoreceivefreemedicaltreatment.[D]It'llpreventthedoctorsfromoverchargingthem.[A]Theycan'timmediatelygetbackthemoneypaidfortheirmedicalcost.[B]Theyhavetogothroughverycomplicatedapplicationprocedures.Theycanonlyvisitdoctorswhospeaktheirnativelanguages.Theymaynotbeabletoreceivetimelymedicaltreatment.[A]Theydon'thavetopayforthemedicalservices.[B]Theyneedn'tpaytheentiremedicalbillatonce.Theymustsendthereceiptstotheinsurancecompanypromptly.Theyhavetopayamuchhigherpricetogetaninsurancepolicy.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejestheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Moreandmoreoftheworld'spopulationarelivingintownsorcities.Thespeedatwhichcitiesaregrowinginthelessdevelopedcountriesis(36).Between1920andI960bigcitiesindevelopedcountries(37)twoandahalftimesinsize,butinotherpartsoftheworldthegrowthwaseighttimestheirsize.The(38)sizeofgrowthisbadenough,buttherearenowalsovery(39)signsoftroubleinthe(40)ofpercentagesofpeoplelivingintownsandpercentagesofpeopleworkinginindustry.Duringthenineteenthcenturycitiesgrewasaresultofthegrowthofindustry.InEurope,the(41)ofpeoplelivingincitieswasalwayssmallerthanthatofthe(42)workinginfactories.Now,however,the(43)isalmostalwaystrueinthenewlyindustrializedworld:(44)Withoutabaseofpeopleworkinginindustry,thesecitiescannotpayfortheirgrowth;(45)Therehasbeenlittleopportunitytobuildwatersuppliesorotherfacilities.(46),agrowthinthenumberofhopelessanddespairingparentsandstarvingchildren.PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Aswarspreadstomanycomersoftheglobe,childrensadlyhavebeendrawnintothecenterofconflicts.InAfghanistan,Bosnia,andColombia,however,groupsofchildrenhavebeentakingpartinpeaceeducation(47).Thechildren,afterlearningtoresolveconflicts,tookonthe(48)ofpeacemakers.TheChildren'sMovementforPeaceinColombiawasevennominated(提名)fortheNobelPeacePrizein1998.Groupsofchildren(49)aspeacemakersstudiedhumanrightsandpovertyissuesinColombia,eventuallyformingagroupwithfiveotherschoolsinBogotaknownasTheSchoolsofPeace.Theclassroom(50)opportunitiesforchildrentoreplaceangry,violentbehaviorswith(51),peacefulones.Itisintheclassroomthatcaringandrespectforeachpersonempowerschildrentotakeastep(52)towardbecomingpeacemakers.Fortunately,educatorshaveaccesstomanyonlineresourcesthatare(53)usefulwhenhelpingchildrenalongthepathtopeace.TheYoungPeacemakersClub,startedin1992,providesaWebsitewithresourcesforteachersand(54)onstartingaKindnessCampaign.TheWorldCentersofCompassionforChildrenInternationalcallattentiontochildren'srightsandhowtohelpthe(55)ofwar.StartingaPeacemakers'tootherclassroomsandClubisapraiseworthyventureforaclassandonethatcouldspreadideallyaffectthecultureofthe(56)school.A)victimsI)forwardB)technologyJ)especiallyC)roleK)entireD)respectivelyL)cooperativeE)projectsM)comprehensiveF)offersN)assumingG)informationO)actingH)imagesSectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneInthisageofInternetchat,videogamesandrealitytelevision,thereisnoshortageofmindlessactivitiestokeepachildoccupied.Yet,despitethecompetition,my8-yoar-olddaughterRebeccawantstospendherleisuretimewritingshortstories.Shewantstoenteroneofherstoriesintoawritingcontest,acompetitionshewonlastyear.AsawriterIknowaboutwinningcontests,andaboutlosingthem.Iknowwhatitisliketoworkhardonastoryonlytoreceivearejectionslipfromthepublisher.Ialsoknowthepressuresoftryingtoliveuptoareputationcreatedbypreviousvictories.Whatifshedoesn'twinthecontestagain?That'sthestrangethingaboutbeingaparent.Somanyofourownpastscarsanddashedhopescansurface.Arevelation(啟示)camelastweekwhenIaskedher,"Don'tyouwanttowinagain?""No,"shereplied,"Ijustwanttotellthestoryofanangelgoingtofirstgrade."Ihadjustspentweekscorrectingherstoriesasshespontaneously(自發(fā)地)toldthem.TellingmyselfthatIwasmerelyanexperiencedwriterguidingtheyoungwriteracrossthehall,Iofferedsuggestionsforcharacters,conflictsandendingsforhertales.Thestoryaboutafearfulangelstartingfirstgradewasquickly"guided"bymeintothetaleofalittlegirlwithawildimaginationtakingherfirstmusiclesson.Ihadturnedhercontestintomycontestwithoutevenrealizingit.Stayingbackandgivingkidsspacetogrowisnotaseasyasitlooks.BecauseIknowverylittleaboutfarmanimalswhousetoolsorangelswhogotofirstgrade,IhadtoacceptthefactthatIwasco-opting(借用)mydaughter'sexperience.Whilesteppingbackwasdifficultforme,itwascertainlyagoodfirststepthatIwillquicklyfollowwithmoresteps,puttingmyselffarenoughawaytogiveherroombutcloseenoughtohelpifasked.AllthewhileIwillberemindingmyselfthatchildrenneedroomtoexperiment,growandfindtheirownvoices.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?Alotofdistractionscompeteforchildren'stimenowadays.Childrendofindlotsoffuninmanymindlessactivities.Rebeccaismuchtoooccupiedtoenjoyherleisuretime.Rebeccadrawsonalotofonlinematerialsforherwriting.Whatdidtheauthorsayaboutherownwritingexperience?Shewasconstantlyunderpressureofwritingmore.Mostofherstorieshadbeenrejectedbypublishers.Shedidnotquiteliveuptoherreputationasawriter.Herwaytosuccesswasfullofpainsandfrustrations.WhydidRebeccawanttoenterthisyear'swritingcontest?Shehadwonaprizeinthepreviouscontest.Shewantedtoshareherstorieswithreaders.Shewassureofwinningwithhermother'shelp.Shebelievedshepossessedrealtalentforwriting.Theauthortookgreatpainstorefineherdaughter'sstoriesbecauseshewantedtohelpRebeccarealizeherdreamsofbecomingawritershewasafraidRebecca'simaginationmightrunwildwhilewritingshedidnotwanttodisappointRebeccawhoneededherhelpsomuchshebelievedshehadtheknowledgeandexperiencetoofferguidanceWhat'stheauthor'sadviceforparents?Childrenshouldbegiveneverychancetovoicetheiropinions.Parentsshouldkeepaneyeontheactivitiestheirkidsengagein.Childrenshouldbeallowedfreedomtogrowthroughexperience.Awritingcareer,thoughattractive,isnotforeverychildtopursue.PassageTwoByalmostanymeasure,thereisaboominInternet-basedinstruction.Injustafewyears,34percentofAmericanuniversitieshavebegunofferingsomeformofdistanceleaning(DL),andamongthelargerschools,it'scloserto90percent.Ifyoudoubtthepopularityofthetrend,youprobablyhaven'theardoftheUniversityofPhoenix.Itgrantsdegreesentirelyonthebasisofonlineinstruction.Itenrolls90,000students,astatisticusedtosupportitsclaimtobethelargestprivateuniversityinthecountry.Whilethekindsofinstructionofferedintheseprogramswilldiffer,DLusuallysignifiesacourseinwhichtheinstructorspostsyllabi課(程大綱),readingassignments,andschedulesonWebsites,andstudentssendintheirassignmentsbye-mail.Generallyspeaking,face-to-facecommunicationwithaninstructorisminimizedoreliminatedaltogether.Theattractionforstudentsmightatfirstseemobvious.Primarily,there'stheconveniencepromisedbycoursesontheNet:youcandothework,astheysay,inyourpajamas睡(衣).Butfiguresindicatethatthereducedeffortresultsinareducedcommitmenttothecourse.WhiledropoutratesforallfreshmenatAmericanuniversitiesisaround20percent,therateforonlinestudentsis35percent.Studentsthemselvesseemtounderstandtheweaknessesinherentinthesetup.InasurveyconductedforeCornell,theDLdivisionofCornellUniversity,lessthanathirdoftherespondentsexpectedthequalityoftheonlinecoursetobeasgoodastheclassroomcourse.Clearly,fromtheschools'perspective,there'salotofmoneytobesaved.Althoughsomeofthemoreambitiousprogramsrequirenewinvestmentsinserversandnetworkstosupportcollaborativesoftware,mostDLcoursescanrunonexistingorminimallyupgraded(升級(jí))systems.Themorestudentswhoenrollinacoursebutdon'tcometocampus,themoreschoolsavesonkeepingthelightsonintheclassrooms,payingdoorkeepers,andmaintainingparkinglots.And,whilethere'sevidencethatinstructorsmustworkhardertorunaDLcourseforavarietyofreasons,theywon'tbepaidanymore,andmightwellbepaidless.WhatisthemoststrikingfeatureoftheUniversityofPhoenix?Itboaststhelargestnumberofstudentsoncampus.Allitscoursesareofferedonline.Itsonlinecoursesareofthebestquality.Anyonetakingitsonlinecoursesissuretogetadegree.Accordingtothepassage,distancelearningisbasicallycharacterizedby.aminimumortotalabsenceofface-to-faceinstructionaconsiderableflexibilityinitsacademicrequirementsthegreatdiversityofstudents'academicbackgroundsthecasualrelationshipbetweenstudentsandprofessorsManystudentstakeInternet-basedcoursesmainlybecausetheycan.saveagreatdealontravelingandboardingexpensesselectcoursesfromvariouscollegesanduniversitiesworkontherequiredcourseswheneverandwhereverearntheiracademicdegreeswithmuchlesseffortWhataccountsforthehighdrop-outratesforonlinestudents?A)Thereisnomechanismtoensurethattheymaketherequiredeffort.Thereisnostrictcontrolovertheacademicstandardsofthecourses.Theevaluationsystemusedbyonlineuniversitiesisinherentlyweak.Lackofclassroominteractionreducestheeffectivenessofinstruction.Accordingtothepassage,universitiesshowgreatenthusiasmforDLprogramsforthepurposeof.A)buildinguptheirreputationupgradingtheirteachingfacilitiesprovidingconvenienceforstudentscuttingdownontheirexpensesPartVCloze(15minutes)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Onefactorthatcaninfluenceconsumersistheirmoodstate.Moodmaybedefined(67)atemporaryandmildpositiveornegativefeelingthatisgeneralizedandnottied(68)anyparticularcircumstance.Moodsshouldbe(69)fromemotionswhichareusuallymoreintense,(70)tospecificcircumstances,andoftenconscious.(71)onesense,theeffectofaconsumer'smoodcanbethoughtofin(72)thesamewayascanourreactionstothe(73)ofourfriends--whenourfriendsarehappyand"up",thattrendstoinfluenceuspositively,(74)whentheyare"down",thatcanhavea(75)impactonus.Similarly,consumersoperatingundera(76)moodstatetendtoreacttostimuli(刺激因素)inadirection(77)withthatmoodstate.Thus,forexample,weshouldexpecttosee(78)inapositivemoodstateevaluateproductsinmoreofa(79)mannerthantheywouldwhennotinsuchastate.(80),moodstatesappearcapableof⑻)aconsumer'smemory.Moodsappeartobe(82)influencedbymarketingtechniques.Forexample,therhythm,pitch,and(83)ofmusichasbeenshowntoinfluencebehaviorsuchasthe(84)oftimespentinsupermarketsor(85)topurchaseproducts.laddition,advertisingcaninfluenceconsumers'moodswhich,in(86),arecapableofinfluencingconsumer'reactionstoproducts.67.A)withasBD)by)aboutC)68.A)upB)toC)underD)over69.A)dividedB)derivedC)descendedD)distinguished70.A)referredB)relatedC)attachedD)associated71.A)lnB)OnC)ByD)Of72.A)thusB)still

C)muchD)even73.A)behaviorB)gestureC)signalD)view74.A)forB)providedC)unlessD)but75.A)relativeB)negativeC)sensitiveD)decisive76.A)fixedB)grantedC)givenD)driven77.A)insistentB)resistantC)persistentD)consistent78.A)retailersB)consumersC)businessmenD)manufacturers79.A)casualB)seriousC)favorableD)critical80.A)MoreoverB)HoweverC)NeverthelessD)Otherwise81.A)liftingB)raisingC)cultivatingD)enhancing82.A)rarelyB)readilyC)currentlyD)cautiously83.A)volumeB)speedC)stepD)band84.A)extentB)scopeC)amountD)range85.A)capacitiesB)facilitiesC)intentionsD)reflections86.A)turnB)depthC)totalD)detailPartVITranslation(5minutes)Directions:CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinesegiveninbrackets,PleasewriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.(多虧了一系列的新發(fā)明),doctorscantreatthisdiseasesuccessfully.Inmysixties,onechangeInoticeisthat(我比以前更容易累了).Iamgoingtopursuethiscourse,(無論我要作出什么樣的犧牲).Iwouldprefershoppingonlinetoshoppinginadepartmentstorebecause(它更加方便和省時(shí)).ManyAmericansliveoncredit,andtheirqualityoflife(是用他們能夠借到多少來衡量的),nothowmuchtheycanearn.答案與解析PartIWritingSampleWritingWhatelectivestochooseCurrently,inordertocultivatestudentswithmultipleabilitiesaswellastoenrichcampuslife,universitiesaroundthecountryareofferingvariouselectives,rangingfrompracticalskilltrainingtoartsappreciation.Facedwithsuchawiderangeofelectives,howdostudentsmaketheirchoice?Differentstudentshavedifferentconsiderations.Forexample,Somestudentsalwayshavetheirfuturecareerinmind,andchoosecoursesthathelptodeveloptheirpracticalskillsandstrengthentheirknowledgebase.Suchstudentsdon'tmindextrahardwork.Buttherearealsosome"lazy"oneswhoprefer"easy-to-learn"electives.Theydon'tcareabouttheirpersonalinterestsorthequalityofthecourses,sincealltheywantisjusttoearntherequiredcredits.Whenit'smyturntochooseanelective,Iwillputmypersonalinterestfirst.Becomingapainterisoneofmychildhoodreams.Ofcoursethisdreamnevercomestrue.SowhenIchoosetheelectivecourseofpaining,Iamnotonlyrelivingmychildhooddreambutalsodevelopmypersonalstyle.Besides,inthepaintingcourse,Icanmakefriendswithpeoplewithcommoninterests.Wehaveagoodtimetogether,paintingincolorsandgivingwingstoourimaginations.PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)1．C參見第一段最后一句：各國邊境的開放有助于商品、服務(wù)、信息，尤其是人力資源的流動(dòng)，這一切使大學(xué)成為全球融合(globalintegration)、相互諒解與地理政治穩(wěn)定的強(qiáng)大推動(dòng)力(powerfulforce)。2．［B］參見第三段第二句：在過去的三十年里，離家去海外求學(xué)的學(xué)生以%的速度逐年增長(zhǎng)。3．［D］參見第三段最后一句：在美國，20%的理工科新聘教授是在國外出生的。4．［A］參見第四段最后兩句：美國高校正幫助學(xué)生暑期參加國外實(shí)習(xí)，使他們?yōu)閲H化職業(yè)作好準(zhǔn)備。耶魯與哈佛大學(xué)率先為每位本科生提供至少一門海外學(xué)習(xí)或?qū)嵙?xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。5．［D］參見第五段：全球化正在重塑從事研究的方式。將部分研究項(xiàng)目分置于另一個(gè)國家是一個(gè)新的趨勢(shì)。耶魯大學(xué)教授TianXu在上海復(fù)旦大學(xué)指導(dǎo)了一個(gè)關(guān)于人類疾病基因?qū)W的研究中心，由(復(fù)旦與耶魯)兩所學(xué)校的師生合作參與。6．［B］參見第六段第二句：大學(xué)科研與工業(yè)應(yīng)用之間的聯(lián)系通常是間接的，但有時(shí)也十分明顯：硅谷就是由斯坦福大學(xué)有意創(chuàng)建的。7．［C］參見第七段第二句：多數(shù)政治家承認(rèn)科研投資與國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展之間存在聯(lián)系，但對(duì)大學(xué)科研的經(jīng)濟(jì)資助一直不太穩(wěn)定。8．changesinthevisaprocess參見第八段第三句：“Inthewakeof(緊隨之后)September11,changesinthevisaprocesscausedadramaticdeclineinthenumberofforeignstudentsseekingadmissionto.universities."taketheirknowledgeandskillsbackhome參見最后一段第一句:"...butmanyfearthatforeignstudentsthreatenAmericancompetitivenessbytakingtheirknowledgeandskillsbackhome."strengthenthenation參見最后一段第二句:"...welcomingforeignstudentstotheUnitedStateshastwoimportanteffects:first,theverybestofthemstayintheStatesand--likeimmigrantsthroughouthistory--strengthenthenation;..."Part丨丨丨ListeningComprehensionPart川ListeningComprehensionSectionAC替換題。女士說前兒天碰到Sally時(shí)幾乎都認(rèn)不出她了。男士說Sally過去有些outofshape(變形，走樣)，之后問她現(xiàn)在是不是減了很多體重。本題中的outofshape與答案中的overweight進(jìn)行了替換。