選修6 Unit1 Art語法-虛擬語氣課件

SubjunctiveMood虛擬語氣陳述語氣

Iwenttothetheatreyesterday.

Jackhadn’tcomebackhomeyet.祈使語氣

Let’sgo.

Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.一.語氣的分類虛擬語氣

IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotleaveheralone.

Ourteachersuggestedthatwegotothelibrarythisafternoon.What

will

youdoifit

rains

tomorrow?I

will

stayathomeifit

rains

tomorrow.關于陳述語氣2關于祈使語氣1關于祈使語氣3條件從句If從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去未來V.+ed(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.V.+ed.2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)一.虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法。IwishI

were

astallasyou.IwishI

were

abird.Iwisheveryday

were

mybirthday.Iwish/wishedI

hadn’t

eatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示對過去情況的虛擬:從句動詞常用“had＋過去分詞”。Thepartywasterrible,IwishI

had

nevergonetoit.2.wouldratherthat現(xiàn)在:過去:未來:Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadattendedthemeetingyesterday.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.過去時過去時過去完成時3.asif/though+Clause現(xiàn)在：過去：過去時過去完成時Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsthatitwerespring.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.4.It’s(about/high)time+that過去時(were)Should(不省)+V.你該走了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyouweregoing.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.我們該去睡覺了。It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.5.表示要求,命令,建議的虛擬語氣。使用should+動詞原形,或者將should省略。賓語從句中常見動詞:一個堅持,兩個命令,三個建議,四個要求。即1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,desireIsuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意:如suggest,insist不表示“建議”或“堅持要某人做某事時”,即它們用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“堅持認為”時,賓語從句用陳述語氣。1.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody____(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe___(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalsatonce.obeywasbesent3.Hesuggestedthatwe____(have)ameetingatonce.4.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe___(be)ill.havewas以上動詞相應的名詞構成的名詞性從句包括主語從句,表語從句和同位語也要使用虛擬語氣,從句中的動詞形式一樣。order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire6.without和butfor構成虛擬。butfor要不是Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.

Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.

Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.

Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.含蓄條件句:有時為了表達的需要,在虛擬語氣中并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導的條件句,而通過其他手段來代替條件句.Iwasillthatday.otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.(副詞)Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(連詞)Amanwhostoppeddrinkingwaterwouldbedeadinaboutsevendays.(定語從句)Everythingtakenintoconsideration,theywouldhaveraisedtheiroutputquickly.(獨立主格結構)7.Ifonly…要是就好了IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcould

seehimagain!Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!8.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/pity/nowonder/impossible+that---Clause

從句中的動詞要用虛擬,即(should)+動詞原形Itis

important

thatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.Itisstrange

thatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.It’snecessary

thatwe

shouldstudy

hard.三.虛擬語氣假設條件句型注意點:1.假設條件從句謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間與主句所假設的謂語動詞不一致,叫做錯綜條件虛擬語氣。主句和從句的謂語動詞要依照假設的時間而定。Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeinthehospital.2.假設條件虛擬倒裝。條件從句中有should,were,had三個助動詞可以把if省略,并將這三個詞提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?3.謂語動詞以should+havedone的形式出現(xiàn)的時候,表示過去應該做而沒有做的事情,從而表示一種責備的語氣。e.g.1)Youshouldhavefinishedyourhomeworkyesterday.

2)Youshouldhavecomeherefiveminutesearlier.3)Heshouldhavetoldmeaboutitearlier.注意：

在虛擬語氣的從句中,動詞be的過去時態(tài)一律用were,不用was,即在從句中be用were代替。IfI

were

you,I

wouldgo

tolookforhim.如果我是你,就會去找他。Ifhe

were

here,

everything

wouldbe

allright.如果他在這兒,一切都會好的。1.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English____mucheasier.A.willbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbe2.Thefire___ifyouhadbeenmorecareful.A.wouldnotbeburningB.wouldnotburnC.wouldnothavebeenburntD.wouldnotburnt3.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe_____inturn,you_____sotired.A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving,wouldn’tD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot4.Ifit_____rain,thecropswouldbesaved.A.shouldB.willC.isgoingtoD.wasto5.______today,hewouldgettoGermanybyFriday.A.WasheleavingB.WerehetoleaveC.WouldheleaveD.Ifheleaves6.Ifhe______it,he______it.A.hadseen;couldhavebelievedB.saw;couldn’tbelieveC.saw;couldn’thavebelievedD.hasseen;hadbelieved7.---Heisaverybraveman.-----Yes,IwishI_____hiscourage.A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.mayhave8.IwishI_____abletotellhimallaboutitlastnight.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.shouldgo9.IwishI___youyesterday.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee10.IwishI____tenyearsyounger.A.amB.wereC.amgoingtoD.be11.Iwishthatyou_____.getagoodjobB.willgetagoodjobC.wouldgetagoodjobD.havegotagoodjob12.---Don’tyouwanttogotoakaraokebarwithus?-----IwishI_____,butIhaveanappointment.A.mayB.couldC.canD.should13.---You___havesetasidemoretimetoplaywithourkids.-----IwishI____,butyouknowhowbusyIwas.should;wouldB.could;didC.might;shouldD.should;had14.Ican’tsendheraninvitation.IwishI__hernewaddress.A.knowB.willknowC.haveknownD.knew15.----Wouldyouliketoworkinmycompany?----Sorry,I’drather____here,butI’drathermybrother_____toyourcompany.A.staying;goesB.tostay;togoC.stay;wentD.tostay;goes16.----Didyoublamehimforhismistakes?-----Yes,butI’drather_____it.A.notdoB.nottodoC.havenotdoneD.nothavedone17.----Howdoesyourauntact?----Sheactsasifshe____anexpert.A.wereB.wasC.isD.hasbeen18.Thechildtalkstousasifhe___agrown-up.A.isB.willbeC.hadbeenD.were19.IrememberthestoryasthoughI___.A.justreaditB.havejustreaditC.hadjustreaditD.werejustreadingit.20.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_____.A.breaksB.hasbreaksC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken21.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey___friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen22.It’stimewe____ourmeeting.A.mustbeginB.beginC.begunD.began23.----Tommy,isn’tittimeyou____theschoolbus?------Okay,I____mybreakfast.A.shouldcatch;havealmostfinishedB.catch;willalmostfinishingC.caught;amalmostfinishingD.willcatch;almostfinish24.Everybodyhasarrived.It’stimewe___themeeting.A.wouldstartB.hadstartedC.shallstartD.started25.Franklinlookedasthoughhe____illforalongtime.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.hasbeen26.Kittytalksasifshe____onthespot.A.isB.wereC.hasbeenD.be27.Youradvicethatshe____tillnextweekisreasonable.A.willwaitB.isgoingtowaitC.waitsD.wait28.Theprofessorgaveordersthatthetest____before5:30pm.A,befinishedB.willfinishC,mustbefinishedD.shouldfinished29.Myfatherwasstrict.HerequestedthatI____televisiononweeknights.A,mustn’twatchB.notwatchC,couldn’twatchD.don’twatch30.Mary’suncleinsists____inthishotel.A,notstayingB.nottostayC.thathenotstayD.stayingnot31.Wedemandedthathe____thebillbytheendofthismonth.mustpayB.payC.paidD.hadpaid32.Itwasrequiredthateachstudent____enoughfoodonthetrip.A.bringB.broughtC.wouldbringD.hadbetterbring33.It’soneo’clockinthemorning.It’shightimethatyou___yourstore.A,closeB.shouldcloseC.haveclosedD.hadclosed34.It___hardnow,otherwisewecouldgoouttoplay.A.rainedB.rainsC.israiningD.wouldrain35.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI____thesportsmeet.wouldtakepartinB.hadtakenpartinC.tookpartinD.wouldhavetakenpartin36.Butfortheparty,he___ofhunger30yearago.A.wouldhavediedB.musthavediedC.woulddieD.died37.Withoutyourhelp,I___theexamlastterm.A.wouldhavepassedB.wouldn’tpassC.wouldhavefailedD.failedin38.Theyhelpedmealot.Idon’tknowwhatI_____withouttheirhelp.woulddoB.haddoneC.wouldhavedoneD.willhavedone39.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe___agoal.A.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored40.IfIhadstudiedEnglishlastyear,I__abletospeakitnow.A.wouldhavebeenB.shouldbeC.hadbeenD.couldbe41.Ifyou____yourmedicineyesterda