山西省2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)摸底考試英語試題

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英語試卷l．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上?；卮疬x擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦千凈后?；卮鸱沁x擇題時將答案寫在答題卡上寫在本試卷上無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回第一部分聽力（30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）5段對話段對話后有一個小題從題中所給的ABC三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.答案是C。

B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket. B.Inapostoffice.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Translateadocument. B.Meetaclient.Howdoesthewomanrecognizetheman?A.Byhisglasses. B.Byhisbeard.Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?

C.Inastreet.C.Preparemeetingmaterials.C.Byhisclothes.A.Asweater. B.Thewinter. C.Adepartmentstore.Whatisthewoman'sproblemwithWelshlearning?A.Thelessonsaretoolong. B.Theteacherspeakstoofast. C.Thegrammaristoodifficult.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。Whichsporthasthemanstoppeddoing?A.Icehockey. Skiing.Whatdoesthemanthinkofskiing?A.It'shardtolearn. B.It'sexpensive.聽第7段對話，回答第8至10題。Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnNovemberOnNovember10th.Whatisthewoman'snationality?A.Japanese. Korean.

C.Snowboarding.C.It'stoofast.C.OnNovember15th.C.Chinese.Whatdoesthemanoftendoonhisbirthday?A.Havelongevitynoodles. B.Haveseaweedsoup.聽第8段對話，回答第11至13題。Whendidthemanbegintofeelsick?A.OnFriday. B.OnSaturday.Whatdoesthemanthinkiswrongwithhimself?A.Hehasgotaheadache. B.Hehasgottheflu.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.TrytraditionalChinesemedicine.B.Getupanddancearound.聽第9段材料，回答第14至第17題。WhywillthemangotoCalifornia?

C.Goouttosingkaraoke.C.OnSunday.C.Hehasgotafever.C.Continuetotakethepills.A.Forsightseeing.Wherearethespeakers?InTexas.Forawedding. C.Forameeting.B.InNevada. C.InAlaska.Howmuchdoesthemanneedtopay?A.$300. B.$320.Howwillthemanpay?A.Bycheck. B.Bybankcard.聽第10段材料，回答第18至第20題。Whatisthemostcommoncauseoffireathome?Cookinginthekitchen.Smokinginthebedroom.Leavinglightersinthelivingroom.Whyisitbesttocrawltoescapethroughsmokyarea?A.Togetaclearerview. BTobreatheinmore兀Whatarethelistenersremindedtodointheend?A.Giveuprescuingpossessions. Helpoutpeoplewhoaretrapped.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

C.$340.C.Incash.C.Toavoidbeingburnt.C.Contactfaefightersassoonaspossible.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AThisfundisofferedbytheIdahoStateBoardofEducationtosupportfinearts,performingarts,anddesigncourses.Itwasintendedtoincreaseaccesstoartseducationforlearnersinruralpublicschoolsthatotherwisemaylacktheresourcestoexpandsuchprograms.*RequirementsAnapplicantmustbeanIdahoruralschooldistrictorIdahoruralcharterschool.EachqualifiedapplicantmaysubmitoneAnapplicantmayrequestupto$15,000.?Deadline:June30,2023.*UsesofthisfundAnapplicantmustusethisfundforthepurchaseofequipment,supplies,andcurricularmaterialsthatsupporttheestablishmentofartsorimprovementstoarts.Butitmaynotbeusedforpersonnel(人員）orcontractedservicescosts,professionaldevelopmentactivitiesordesigncoursesthatarepartoftheCareerandTechnicalEducationcurriculum（*ApplicationComponentsAnapplicationwillcoverthefollowingcontents:?Generalapplicantinformationandapprovalofthegrantapplicationsubmissionbyanauthorizingofficial.FourNarrativeQuestions:Populationservedandneedtobeaddressed;Proposaldescription;Expecteddemand;Sustainabilityplan.Budget:Abudgetformthatasksfordetailedexpenses.*ProcessApplicationswillbesubmittedthroughtheonlineWebGrants.ApplicationswillbereviewedbyagroupofexpertswhoserecommendationswillbesenttotheStateBoardofEducationforapprovalinMay.ApplicantswillbeinformedoftheresultsinJune.Whocanapplyforthisfund?A.Alearnerinaruralpublicschool.C.Alearnerwhohasnotimetolearnart.Whatisthisfundusedfor?A.Holdingaprofessionalactivity.C.Buyingartequipmentforqualifiedschools.Whatshouldapplicantsincludeintheirapplications?Adetailedbudget.C.Anofficial'ssignature.

Aruralschoolfromaspecificdistrict.D.Anapplicantwhorequestsover$30,000.B.Employingsometeachers.D.Designingsomecareercourses.B.Anexpert'srecommendation.D.Adescriptionoftheequipment.BOnasunnydayinMayattheSalineRoyaleinArc-et-Senans,France,agroupofabout20primaryschoolchildren,armedwithanotebookaboutplants,flowersandnature,aregettingpracticalexperienceswiththeworldofgardeningandlearningaboutthenaturalenvironment.ThechildrenthenexplorethegardensoftheSalineRoyale,whereeachclassisledbyaprofessionalgardener.Studentsareabletodig,plant,usetoolsanddevelopskillswhilelearningabouttheflowersandplantsaroundthem.It'sallpartoftheManuterraprogram,aprojectforschools,startedbytheFoundationEnterpriseHermes.TheprogrambeganinSeptember2021,andinvitesstudentsaged6to18fromArc-et-Senanstodesign,makeandtendagarden.Combiningeducationalandenvironmentalissues,thethemesforeachclasswillalsobeadaptedtothechildren'sagesandabilities.Theprogramisdesignedtooffertheparticipantsabriefintroductionofmanyenvironmentalissuessuchasthelifeofthesoil,biodiversity,themakinganduseoforganicfertilizersandtheinfluenceofclimatechange.Theprogramalsoencouragesyoungchildrentoworktogetherandmaintainthepreciousecological（生態(tài)的）balanceaswellasbecomefamiliarwiththeireverydaynaturalsurroundings.TheprogramhopesthatasthestudentslearnfromthegardensoftheSalineRoyale,theywillbeabletotakeawayknowledgetocultivatetheirownspacewheretheycangrowvariousplantsandflowersandpreservebiodiversityforfuturegenerations."Thereisadrivetopassonknowledgetopreservetheplanet,"saidLaurentdirectorofthisprogram."Climatechangemakesustakeresponsibility,andManuterraisaresponsetothisinorderfortheyoungergenerationstoprotecttheenvironment."WhatarethesechildrendoingattheSalineRoyale?A.gsomephysicalC.Protectingthenaturalenvironment.

B.Gettingsomeknowledgeonagriculture.D.Gettinghands-onexperiencesinaproject.WhatisthepurposeoftheManuterraprogram?Tostrengthenthechildren'ssenseofteamwork.Tointroducethechildrentoenvironmentalissues.Tohelpthechildrenknowthevalueofhardwork.Toofferthechildrenachancetosurvivethewild.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"cultivate"inParagraph5mean?A.Develop. B.Support. C.Imagine.WhatisimpliedinLaurentPejoux'swordsinthelastparagraph?Everyoneshouldadapttoclimatechanges.It'sbeneficialforustoprotecttheenvironment.Theprogrammakesadifferencetothechildren.Thechildrenneedadrivetoprotecttheenvironment.

D.Record.CCyclingisconsideredoneofthemostefficientwaystotravelduetoitssmallcarbonfootprint.Manypeoplearehappytorideabikenry.,betternfrac（基本設(shè)施dalteneededoetpeoplewillrideabike.Bikekitchensarepartofaworldwidemovementthatcanhelpwithsuchachallenge.Inbikekitchens,tools,usedparts,andrepairassistanceareprovidedtotheirmembers.Theydonatebikesandhavebecomespacesforsocialexchange.Theyalsomakeeffortstoimprovebasicinfrastructure,whichplaysakeyroleinensuringthesafetyandcomfortofcyclistsinareassuchasthedevelopmentofbikelanesandbikeparking.Butthataloneisnotenough.Buildingacyclingculturethatissociallyacceptedtomost,meanshavingsignificantamountsofpeopledevelopingskillsofridingbikes.Cyclinghasvariousbenefits,likepromotingphysicalandmentalhealth.Moreimportantly,theinfrastructureneededforbikesdoesn'trequireahugebudget.Besides,bicyclesarethemostpracticalandsustainablemeansoftravelforshortandmediumdistance,andalsoforrecreationandsport.Therefore,acyclingcultureappearsurgentandsignificant.Forindividualsinmanydevelopedcountries,transportcanbethelargestpartoftheircarbonfootprint.Transportaccountsforaboutone-fifthofglobalcarbondioxide(CO2)emissions.Forshortormediumdistances,bikesareoneofthelowest-carbonwaystotravel.Evenmoreshockingly,usingabikeinsteadofacarforshorttripswouldreduceaperson'stravelemissionsby75percent.Bikekitchensinparticular,extendthelifespanofbikesandtheirparts.Theyhelpbuildacommunityeconomythatpreventswastegeneration,sincemostpartsaresecondhand,fixed,orreused.Eitherthroughthesupplyoftools,parts,workshops,fixingsessions,orbikesforfree,bikekitchensencourageamoresustainablewayoftravelingthatmakescitiesfriendlier,whilestrengtheningcommunityvalues.Whichofthefollowingcanbedoneinbikekitchens?A.Exchangingbikes. B.Teachingotherstoridebikes.C.Purchasingthenewparts. D.Developingridingskills.Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressinthetext?A.Cyclingisasustainablewaytotravel. B.Transportisstillachallengingproblem.C.Everyoneshouldhaveaneco-friendlytravel.D.Bikesarealsosuitableforalongdistancetravel.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsbikekitchensaccordingtothetext?A.Critical. B.Doubtful. C.Positive. D.Grateful.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?Bikekitchensreducepeople'stravelinfluences.Bikekitchensarehelpingboostcyclingculture.Bikekitchensaregainingpopularityintheworld.Bikekitchensmakecyclingaccessibletoeveryone.DCheerleadingisthefastestgrowingwomen'ssport,yetmanyAmericansthinkitcan'tsatisfythestandardsandqualificationsofasport.Inaddition,theyfailtodistinguishbetweensidelinecheerleadersandcompetitiveones.Sidelinecheerleaders'maingoalistoentertainthecrowdandleadthemwithteamcheers,whichshouldnotbeconsideredasport.However,itistrueofcompetitivecheerleading.Competitivecheerleadingincludeslotsofphysicalactivity.Cheerleadersmustlearntofallandperformmanycomplexlikeliftsandtosses.Thisiswherethe"fliers"arethrownintheheldby"bases"indifferentpositionsthatrequirestrengthandcooperationwithotherteammates.Thewholeroutinehastobecompletedinlessthanthreeminutesand15secondsandthecheerleadersarerequiredtostaywithinacertainarea.Justlikegymnasts,theyareawardedpointsfordifficulty,technique,creativityandsharpness.Cheerleadingisateamsport,sowithoutcooperation,firstplaceisoutofreach.Cheerleadingisthemajorcauseofserioussportsinjuriestowomenduetothefactthatcheerleadersalwaysperformwithoutanyequipmenttoprotectthem.Whilemanyathletesinothersportsarewellprotected,smilingcheerleadersaretossedintotheairandfalldownintothearmsoftrustedteammates.Thefliersmustremaintightallthetimesothattheirbasescancatchthemsafely.Becausecheerleadingisnotrecognizedasasportbymanyproperequipmentisn'tprovidedtoensuresafety.Therefore,morerecogn山onofcompetitivecheerleadingasasportwoulddecreasethenumberofinjuries.Competitivecheerleadingisaphysicalactivitygovernedbyrulesunderwhichawinnercanbedeclaredanditsprimarypurposeistocomparetheskillsofparticipants.Hopefully,cheerleadingwillbecomeaswell-knownasportasfootballandbasketball,andevenappearintheOlympicssincecheerleadersarejustasathleticandphysicallyfitasthoseinvolvedinthemoreacceptedsports.WhatdomanyAmericansthinkofcheerleading?A.ItisaimedatcheeringtheB.Itfocusesonstrengthandteamwork.C.Itdoesnogoodtowomen'shealth. D.Itfailstomeetthecriteriaofasport.WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinParagraph2?CompetitivecheerleadingisateamCheerleadersmusttrainhardtowinfirstTherearenolimitstocompetitivecheerleading.Strengthisessentialtocompetitivecheerleading.Whyisiteasyforcheerleaderstogetseriouslyinjured?A.Theyarenotskillfulinperformance. B.Theydon'twearprotectiveequipment.C.Theyareexposedtosomedangers. D.Theyalwaysperformvarioustechniques.Whichofthefollowingistheauthor'sopinionofItconsumesalotofenergyandstrength.Itwillbecomemorefamousthanfootball.Itislikelytobecomewellknowninfuture.Itshouldbeequippedwithvariouspurposes.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Likeallmammals,whalesneedtosleepinordertosurvive.Buttheyarealsoairbreathers,meaningthattheycannotsleepinthewaterallthetime.Therearearound90differenttypesofwhale,whichcanholdtheirbreathforaboutanhour,dependingonthespecies.However,theyusuallytraveluptothesurfacetobreatheevery15minutes._J_QSomescientistshavefoundthatwhalescannotbecomefullyunconsciousortheywoulddrown.Todealwithlivinginthewaterfull-timewhilehavingtobreatheair,theseair-breathershaveevolvedintovoluntaryones,asawaytopreventaccidentallybreathinginwateratinopportunemoments._]]_Therefore,theyhavetobeawakeandalertatalltimestopreventthemselvesfromdrowning.Whaleshavesomeofthelargestbrainsontheplanet._][_TheycanactivelydecidewhichpartoftheirbrainsuseatagiventimeThisparticularwayofsleepingcanbeseenmostclearlyincaptiveWhenwhalesaresleeping,theycanbeseenkeepingoneeyeclosedwhiletheotherremainsopen.Somespecies,likespermwhales,enteradeepersleepwheretheyhangingroups,vertically,nottoofarbelowthesurfaceforjustoveranhour.Otherspecies,suchasthehumpbackwhales,havebeenobservedrestingmotionlessatthesurfaceofthewaterforonly30minutes.1Q_And,killerwhales,whichareverysociallycomplex,neverswimtoofarfromtheothermembersoftheirpod,sleepinginclosegroups.Sohowexactlydotheygetanysleep?Theycontinuetoswimslowlyandregularly.Theywon'tlosetheirbodytemperaturebystayingstill.It'saninterestingdilemmaforwhollyoceanairbreathers.Thissleepingtechniquevariesslightlyamongspecies,however.Whalesconsciouslycontroltheirblowholeswithpowerfulmuscles.Spermwhalesinparticularhavethebiggestbrainofanylivingmammal.第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；1.5分，30分閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。NanHauserhasspentmuchofherlifeintheSouthPacificCookIslands.Asawhaleresearcher,shehasbeen」theinternationaltitleof"EarthAmbassador."Whilemanyofthelocalshadheardofthis12_,itwasanencounter（偶遇）thatwouldmakeherknownworldwide.Onedayin2017,Nandivedintotheoceantoshootsomevideoswiththewhales,whenthemost±1_happened.Assheswamalongsidethem,theybegantodisplay1Lsignsthatdangerwasnear.Suddenly,shesawanotherwhalemakean±.i_onheratfullspeed.Justas1§_hit,oneofthewhalesuseditsfin（鰭pushontoitsbackand.....1工ofnotawhalebutatigershark.Afterthesharkdisappeared,thewhalesafely±lLNanbacktoherboat.Sheclimbedaboardandyelledher_±2tothewhale.Afterafewminutes,thewhaledisappearedintothe立!LandNansaidgoodbye,feelinggratefulforthislifetime51.Almostayearlater,Nanreceivedacallfromalocal皿ansayingthathe whalesintheharbor.Couldherwhalefriendhave_j_l_?Shejumpedontoaboatquickly.Nan_j_±_recognizedherfriendbythetwoonhistail,anddivedintothewatertoswimwithhim.

jLmarksAfterNan'sencounter,she--22._withhowbestshecouldthankthewhale.Afterall,it's_jJ_tohugsomethingmuchlargerthanyou.Sowhat'sthemost2.8.._waytothankawhale?It'sbycaring,learningmoreaboutthem,and竺theirhabitat.Asforus,wecanhelpinsmallways.Forexample,_filLusingtheplasticswillmakeadifference.41. A.featuredB.recordedC.awardedD.ranked42. A.chemistB.physicistC.doctorD.biologist43. A.remarkableB.comfortableC.valuableD.reliable44. A.rescuingB.warningC.greetingD.thanking45. A.adventureB.effortC.attemptD.attack46. A.excitementB.panicC.surpriseD.disappointment47. A.outofrangeB.outofmindC.outofhearingD.outofquestion48. A.conservedB.forcedC.accompaniedD.chased49.A.impressionB.expectationC.commitmentD.appreciation50.A.sandsB.darknessC.depthsD.landscape51.A.challengeB.experienceC.leisureD.memory52.A.spottedB.wavedC.refusedD.followed53.A.knownB.sufferedC.returnedD.refreshed54.A.smartlyB.vaguelyC.constantlyD.instantly55.A.distinctB.privateC.multipleD.positive56.A.metB.struggledC.livedD.played57.A.prettyB.funnyC.trickyD.vital58.A.influentialB.interestingC.logicalD.popular59.A.beautifyingB.protectingC.surroundingD.leaving60.A.continuingB.consideringC.missingD.avoiding第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Anewphenomenonistakingholdworldwide—“shrinkflation".ThisiswhencompaniesreducethesizeoftheirproductsorrangeofserviceswhileQ_l_(maintain)prices.Itisinreactiontotherisingpricesofrawmaterialsintheprocessof (produce).AnotherwaycompanieschooseisQJ(place)smalleritemsinlargermakingshoppersthinkthey'regettingmorefortheirmoney.Infact,Q±(consumer)becomemoresensitivetopricethanquantityorquality.Mostshopperswillmakearegular/r/