專業(yè)八級(jí)分類模擬383

專業(yè)八級(jí)分類模擬383（總分：147.50，做題時(shí)間：90分鐘）一、PARTITRANSLATION總題數(shù)：11,分?jǐn)?shù)：130.00）但是比較起冬天來(lái)呢，我卻又偏愛(ài)了秋。是的，就是現(xiàn)在，我覺(jué)得現(xiàn)在正合了我的歌子的節(jié)奏。我?guī)缀跽f(shuō)不出秋比冬為什么更好，也許因?yàn)槟侵︻^的幾片黃葉，或是那籬畔的幾朵殘花，在那些上邊，是比較冬天更顯示了生命，不然，是在那些上面，更使我憶起了生命吧，一只黃葉，一片殘英，那在聯(lián)系著過(guò)去與將來(lái)吧。它們將更使人凝視，更使人沉思，更使人懷想及希冀一些關(guān)于生活的事吧。這樣，人曾感到了真實(shí)的存在。過(guò)去，現(xiàn)在，將來(lái)，世界是真實(shí)的，人生是真實(shí)的，一切都是真實(shí)的，所有的夢(mèng)境，所有的幻想，都是無(wú)用的了，無(wú)用的事物都一幕幕地掣了過(guò)去，我們要向著人生靜默，祈禱，來(lái)打算一些真實(shí)的事物了。給了人更遠(yuǎn)的希望，向前的鞭策，意識(shí)到了生之實(shí)在的，而且給人以“沉著”的力量的，是這正在凋亡著的秋。我愛(ài)秋天，我對(duì)于這荒涼的秋天有如一位多年的朋友。（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）正確答案：()解析：Yes,itisjustnow!Thisseasonisjusttonedinharmonywiththerhythmofmysong.Icouldhardlyfigureoutthereasonwhyautumnisbetterthanwinter.Perhapsbecausethoseseveralyellowleavesclingingontothebranches,orafewwitheredflowersbythefence,bothdisplayingthesignoflife,whichyoucannotexpectofwinter;orperhapstheyaremorelikelytoremindmeoflifethanwinteris.Itisayellowleafandawitheredflowerthatareconnectingthepastandthefuture.Theymakeyougazeatthem,reflectuponthem,andtheymayevenbringpastmemoriestomindandgiveyouhopefor thefuturelife.Inthisway,wecanfeeltherealityofexistence.在學(xué)問(wèn)上打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)將使你終生受益。在學(xué)習(xí)的初級(jí)階段，學(xué)校所有科目中最重要的是語(yǔ)言和數(shù)學(xué)。語(yǔ)言是閱讀和交流的工具，中文不能，你就不能很好地表達(dá)自己；沒(méi)有很好的掌握一門外語(yǔ)，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很難吸收外國(guó)的新知識(shí)。數(shù)學(xué)能訓(xùn)練人的邏輯思維。其他學(xué)科也各有用處，很難說(shuō)哪一門更重要。比如，體育和音樂(lè)教育對(duì)于促進(jìn)人的智力發(fā)展同樣是重要的。(分?jǐn)?shù)：15.00)正確答案：()解析：Tolayasolidfoundationonknowledgewillbenefityouforalifetime.Attheprimaryperiodofstudy,themostimportantsubjectsarelanguageandmath.Languageisatoolforreadingandcommunication:ifyoucan"tuseChinesewell,thenyoucannotexpressyourselfexcellently;nothavinggraspedaforeignlanguagewell,youwillfinditdifficulttoacceptthenewforeignknowledge.Mathcanhelppeopletopracticelogicalthinking.Othersubjectsarealsoveryuseful,andit"sdifficulttotellwhichoneismoreimportant.Forexample,onpromotingthedevelopmentofintelligence,physicalandmusiceducationareequallyimportant. 第一句中，以todo不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，既強(qiáng)調(diào)了“在學(xué)問(wèn)上打下堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)”的重要性，又使表達(dá)簡(jiǎn)潔有力?！敖K生受益”譯為benefitsb.foralifetime 。2．第三句難點(diǎn)在于理順句子之間的關(guān)系，運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)谋磉_(dá)方法?！皼](méi)有很好的掌握一門外語(yǔ)”譯為 nothavinggraspedaforeignlanguagewell，運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，使得句子簡(jiǎn)練，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。3．第四句中，“訓(xùn)練人的邏輯思維”可譯為“practiselogicalthinking”。4．最后一句中，譯文將“onpromotingthedevelopmentofintelligence ”這一成分提前，使譯文更加地道，符合英文表達(dá)習(xí)慣?！按龠M(jìn)人的智力發(fā)展”譯為promotethedevelopmentofintelligence。用拆字先生的辦法，望文生義，家最初顯然和豬圈有關(guān)，而家的發(fā)展，當(dāng)然是讓它越來(lái)越不像豬圈。不過(guò)，我并不喜歡那些一塵不染的家庭。清潔過(guò)了頭，家反而不像家。家是給人住的，因此，我想一切都應(yīng)該以讓人不感到別扭為度。過(guò)分用心了，人便變成了家的奴隸，整天替家當(dāng)保姆，不值得。一個(gè)讓人羨慕的家庭環(huán)境，所有的布置，都應(yīng)該是以能促進(jìn)家庭成員彼此之間的健康和諧為基本的前提。一個(gè)好的家居，要充滿人情味，太干凈，太講究，人情味必打折扣。有的人的家庭，喜歡收拾得僅供外賓參觀似的，結(jié)果，作為家庭的主人，自己也成了無(wú)所適從的客人。(分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00)正確答案：()解析：LikepeoplewhodivinefortunesbyanalyzingthecomponentpartsofaChinesecharacter,I"dconcludethat ahomeatitsveryinitialwas evidentlyassociatedwithapigsty(TheChineseequivalentforhomeistypicallyideographic.Theupperpartofthecharacterrepresentsaroofwhilethelowerpartmeanspig).Butwiththegradualdevelopmentofthehuman"sresidence,ahomedissociatesitselffartherandfartherawayfromthatplace.However,Idon"tlikeahomethatiskeptcompletelyneatandclean.Ifoverdone,ahomeceasesbeingahome.Ahomeisaplaceforpeopletolivein;thereforeeverythingshouldbemeasuredagainstthestandardwherepeoplefeelfreeathome.Excessiveattentiontoone"sdwellingturnsoneintoaslaveinbondagetothearchitecture,andaround-the-clockhousekeeper.It"shardlyworththewhile.Thelayoutandambienceofanenviablehomeshouldbedesignedtoguaranteethehealthofeachandeveryfamilymemberandpromotedomesticharmony.Anidealhomeshouldbepervadedbyhumanfeelings,iftoocleanandtoodainty,theplacewillhaveitshumantouchabridged.都市寸土千金，地價(jià)炒得越來(lái)越高。今后將更高。擁有一個(gè)小小花園的希望，對(duì)尋常之輩不啻是一種奢望，一種夢(mèng)想。我想，其實(shí)誰(shuí)都有一個(gè)小小花園，這便是我們的內(nèi)心世界。人的智力需要開(kāi)發(fā)，人的內(nèi)心世界也是需要開(kāi)發(fā)的。人和動(dòng)物的區(qū)別，除了眾所周知的諸多方面，恐怕還在于人有內(nèi)心世界。心不過(guò)是人的一個(gè)重要臟器，而內(nèi)心世界是一種景觀，它是由外部世界不斷地作用于內(nèi)心漸漸形成的。每個(gè)人都無(wú)比關(guān)注自己及至親至愛(ài)之人心臟的健損，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可終日。但并非每個(gè)人都關(guān)注自己及至親至愛(ài)之人的內(nèi)心世界的陰晴。(分?jǐn)?shù)：12.50)正確答案：()解析：Ithinkeveryone,ineffect,hasasmallgardenoraflowerbedofhisown,namely,hisinnerworld.Justasthereisaneedforhumanbeingstotapintotheirownintelligence,soisthecasewiththeirinnerworld.Whatdistinguishesbetweenhumanbeingsandanimals,apartfromthevariousaspectswhichareuniversallyknown,mayprobablybeinthathumanbeingshavetheinnerworld.Heartisnomorethananimportantorganwhereastheinnerworldconstitutesalandscape,whichgraduallytakesitsshapeunderthecontinuousinfluencefromtheoutsideworld.Sogreatistheimportancethateveryoneattachestothephysicalconditionofhisownheartorthoseofhisclosestanddearestonesthatmerelyaminordiseasewouldenduringlyweighonhismind.However,noteveryonecaresabouttheinnerworld,delightedorgloomy,ofhimselfandhisbelovedones.我的窗前有一棵樹。那是一棵高大的洋槐。樹冠差不多可達(dá)六層的樓頂。粗壯的樹干與三層的陽(yáng)臺(tái)相齊，碧綠而茂密的樹葉部分正對(duì)著我的四樓的窗戶。坐在我的書桌前，一樹濃陰收入眼底。從春到秋，由晨至夜，任是著意的或是不經(jīng)意抬頭，終是滿眼的賞心悅目。那樹想必已生長(zhǎng)了多年。我們還沒(méi)搬來(lái)的時(shí)候，它就站立在這里了?；蛟S，我還沒(méi)出生的時(shí)候，它就已成為一棵樹了。(分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00)解析：Thereisatreeinfrontofmywindow.Itisatalllocusttree,whichisnearlyashighassixfloorsofmyhouse.Itsthicktrunkisrightlyleveledwiththebalconyofthethirdfloor,anditsgreenandthickleavesarefacingmywindowonthefourthfloor.Sittingatthedesk,Icanhaveapanoramicviewofthethickleaves.Fromspringtoautumn,anddaytonight,IcanalwayshaveapleasingeyeofthetreeasIraisemyheadintentionally orcasually.Iguessthatthetreehadgrownupformanyyears,becauseithadbeenstandingherebeforewemovedhere.Perhaps,ithadbeenatreebeforeIwasborn.中國(guó)民族自古以來(lái)從不把人看作高于一切，在哲學(xué)文藝方面的表現(xiàn)都反映出人在自然界中與萬(wàn)物占著一個(gè)比例較為恰當(dāng)?shù)牡匚唬墙^對(duì)統(tǒng)治萬(wàn)物的主宰。因此我們的苦悶，基本上比西方人為少為小；因?yàn)榭鄲灥膹?qiáng)弱原是隨欲望與野心的大小而轉(zhuǎn)移的。農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)的人比工業(yè)社會(huì)的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多。況中國(guó)古代素來(lái)以不滯于物，不為物役為最主要的人生哲學(xué)。并非我們沒(méi)有守財(cái)奴，但比起莫里哀與巴爾扎克筆下的守財(cái)奴與野心家來(lái)，就小巫見(jiàn)大巫了。中國(guó)民族多數(shù)是性情中正平和、淡泊、樸實(shí)，比西方人容易滿足。(分?jǐn)?shù)：12.50)正確答案：()解析：Chinesepeoplehaveneverregardedhumanbeingasthehighestcreatureamongeverythingelsesinceancienttimes,whosebehaviorinbothphilosophyandartstakesuparatherappropriateproportionwithallothersinthenaturalworld,butnotasanabsolutedominantruler.Therefore,ourbitternessanddepressionare,byandlarge,lessthanthoseofwesterners,becausethedegreeofwhichischangingwiththegrowingofourdesireandambition.Peopleintheagriculturesocietyenjoyedfarlessthanpeopleintheindustrysociety,thustheirwantsarefarlesseither.Moreover,ancientChinesealwaystreat"notconfinedbymaterialthings,notdrivenbymaterialthings"astheuppermostlifephilosophy.貓的性格實(shí)在有些古怪。說(shuō)它老實(shí)吧，它的確有時(shí)候很乖。它會(huì)找個(gè)暖和的地方，成天睡大覺(jué)，無(wú)憂無(wú)慮，什么事也不過(guò)問(wèn)。可是，它決定要出去玩玩，就會(huì)出走一天一夜，任憑誰(shuí)怎么呼喚，它也不肯回來(lái)。說(shuō)它貪玩吧，的確是呀，要不怎么會(huì)一天一夜不回家呢 ?可是，它聽(tīng)到老鼠的一點(diǎn)響動(dòng)，又是多么盡職。它屏息凝視，一連就是幾個(gè)鐘頭，非把老鼠等出來(lái)不可!(分?jǐn)?shù)：12.50)正確答案：()解析：Acatdoeshaveaweirdpersonality.Youcansayitiswell-behaved,sometimesitis.Lightheartedandcareless,itmayfindawarmplaceandsleepsoundlyalldaylong.However,ifitmakesadecisiontogooutandplay,thenitmightrunawayforadayandanight,howeveryoucall,itwillnotreturn.Youcansayitisplayful,thatisabsolutelyright.Otherwiseitwouldhavebeenbackhomelongago,wouldn"tit?However,whenacathearsanynoisemadebyamouse,itwouldturnquiteresponsible.Holdingitsbreathinconcentrationforseveralhours,thecatwouldmakeupitsmindtowaitpatientlyuntilthemousecomesout.事業(yè)愈大則困難亦愈甚，抵抗困難的時(shí)期也隨之俱長(zhǎng)，有的盡我們的一生尚不能目見(jiàn)其成者，我們?nèi)裟鼙M其中一段的工夫，替后人開(kāi)辟一段道路，或長(zhǎng)或短，即是貢獻(xiàn)。有所成功以備后人參考，固是貢獻(xiàn)；即因嘗試而失敗，使后人有所借鏡，亦是貢獻(xiàn)。所以能向前努力者，無(wú)論成敗，都有貢獻(xiàn)。最無(wú)絲毫貢獻(xiàn)者是不干，怕失敗而不干，或半途遇著困難即不愿干。(分?jǐn)?shù)：12.50)解析：Thegranderacareeris,themoredifficultitis,andthemoretimeitmaytakeustofightagainstthehardships.Sometimesthesuccessisevenbeyondreachduringourlifetime.Ifwecanmakeanefforttobreakapathforthefuturegenerations,nomatteritislongorshort,itshouldbeconsideredasanachievement.Whilethesuccessesserveasareferenceforourdescendants,lessonscanalsobedrawnfromthefailures,andthatiswhytheybotharecontributions.Whatevertheresults,anyonewhotriesmakesacontribution.Apersonwhomakestheleastcontributionistheonewhorefusestotry,eitherforfearoffailuresordifficultiesintheprocess.這些自然現(xiàn)象，我國(guó)古代勞動(dòng)人民稱它為物候 (phenologicalphenomena)。物候知識(shí)在我國(guó)起源很早。古代流傳下來(lái)的許多農(nóng)諺就包含了豐富的物候知識(shí)。到了近代，利用物候知識(shí)來(lái)研究農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，已經(jīng)發(fā)展為一門科學(xué)，就是物候?qū)W(phenology)。物候?qū)W記錄植物的生長(zhǎng)榮枯，動(dòng)物的養(yǎng)育往來(lái)，如桃花開(kāi)、燕子來(lái)等自然現(xiàn)象，從而了解隨著時(shí)節(jié)推移的氣候變化和這種變化對(duì)動(dòng)植物的影響。(分?jǐn)?shù)：12.50)正確答案：()解析：ThesenaturalphenomenaarereferredtoasphenologicalphenomenabyworkingpeopleinancientChina.Phenologicalknowledgehasalonghistoryinourcountry,anditcanbefoundinmanyfarmers"proverbswhichwerehandeddownfromtheancienttimes.Inmoderntimesthephonologicalknowledgeisusedtostudyagricultureanddevelopsintoascience,phenology.Itkeepsarecordofthegrowthanddevelopmentofplantsandanimals,suchastheblossomingofpeachflowersorthereturningofswallows,tofacilitateourunderstandingoftheclimatechangeanditsimpactonfloraandfauna.金圣嘆說(shuō)過(guò)：“人生三十不仕，不當(dāng)再仕，五十不娶，不當(dāng)再娶。何則 ?用非其時(shí)也?！边@一種說(shuō)法，可代表中國(guó)人一般的普通思想。中國(guó)人的事業(yè)觀，最羨慕“少年得志”，最傷感“大器晚成”。為了這個(gè)原因，便是有所成就的人，到了五十以上，便有退休的意思。六十七十的人若還在事業(yè)上努力，就有抽身不得的慨嘆了。照人生上壽不過(guò)八十而言，為私人作一番打算，這種作風(fēng)好像也有點(diǎn)道理。只是就事業(yè)的觀點(diǎn)上說(shuō)，就不對(duì)。因?yàn)樵绞怯心昙o(jì)的人，他的學(xué)識(shí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)也就越豐富，大事業(yè)正需要這種人撐持。而且為人作事，也必須有個(gè)自信心。一老就覺(jué)得自己不行，那也透著我們生命力不強(qiáng)。擴(kuò)而充之，整個(gè)民族如此，那是我們一種自餒精神，對(duì)民族興衰大有關(guān)系。歐美人之成大事業(yè)總在晚年，恰與我們的觀點(diǎn)相反。最近有兩個(gè)老人的行為，值得借鑒，正可給我們打一針興奮劑。(分?jǐn)?shù)：12.50)正確答案：()解析：Ifthemaximumspanoflifeis80forahumanbeing,onlytakingintoaccounttheinterestsofone"sown,thisideamightmakesomesense.However,itisnotcorrectasfarascareerisconcerned.Theolderapersonbecomes,themoreexperiencedheisinknowledge,andthatiswhatweneedforthesuccessofabigcareer.Whatismore,thisconfidenceisamust-havewhendealingwithvariouspeopleandaffairsinreallife.Losingconfidenceassoonasonegetsoldindicatesalackofvitality.Moreover,thisdiscouragementmightdeterminethefateofournationifithasanimpactonallofus.EuropeansandAmericanshappentothinkdifferentlyfromus,accordingtothem,greatsuccessescomelateinlife.古人的茶道、圍棋、撫琴，都以安靜功課為根柢，傳遞出一種深長(zhǎng)的靜思意味。直到現(xiàn)在，如果能遇到一個(gè)自然深入的老者，看他品茶下棋，或者聽(tīng)他彈琴，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)流露在外邊的表演招式幾乎沒(méi)有，而給人流暢舒服的感覺(jué)，十分熨帖。這種生活舉止甚是雅致，同時(shí)又很樸素，一點(diǎn)做作都沒(méi)有。就連武術(shù)也是如此，凌厲的肢體動(dòng)作都是配合呼吸，在沉靜的氣息間隙里有節(jié)奏地展開(kāi)，如果在這些動(dòng)靜結(jié)合上稍有紊亂，也就全糟了。分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00)正確答案：()解析：Ancientpeoplepursueforamoodofsilencebydrinkingtea,playingweiqiandplayingthezither,whichconveysasenseofmeditation.Untilnow,ifyoumetanoldmanandwatchedhimdrinktea,playchess,orplaythezither,youwouldfindalmostnoperformingmovesareshowedoutside,buthaveafeelingofnatureandcomfort.Althoughthiskindofbehaviorisveryelegant,itissimplewithoutalittleaffectation.Itisalsotrueformartialarts.Allsharpactionsmustgomatchwithbreath,andspreadoutrhythmicallyinthecalmairgap.Butifthereisalittledisorderinthecombinationofmotionandquietness,allwouldbeinamess.二、PARTnWRITING(總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：17.50)題目要求：IntheInformationAge,themassmediahavebeenplayinganevermoreimportantroleinshapingoursociety.Inthefollowingexcerpt,theauthorliststhebenefitsaswellasthesetbacksbroughtaboutbythemassmedia.Readtheexcerptcarefullyandwriteyourresponseinabout300words,inwhichyoushould:1.summarizebrieflytheauthor"sopinionaboutthemassmedia;2.giveyourcomment.Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.Wearetoldthemassmediaarethegreatestorgansforenlightenmentthattheworldhasyetseen;thatinBritain,forinstance,severalmillionpeopleseeeachissueofthecurrentaffairsprogramme,Panorama.Itistruethatneverinhumanhistoryweresomanypeoplesooftenandsomuchexposedtosomanyintimationsaboutsocieties,formsoflifeattitudesotherthanthosewhichobtainintheirlocalsocieties.Thiskindofexposuremaywellbeapointofdepartureforacquiringcertainimportantintellectualandimaginativequalities,widthofjudgment,andasenseofthevarietyofpossibleattitudes.Yetinitselfsuchexposuredoesnotbringintellectualorimaginativedevelopment.Itisnomorethanthemassesofstonewhichliearoundinaquarryandwhichmay,conceivably,gotothemakingofacathedral.Themassmediacannotbuildthecathedral,andtheirwayofshowingthestonesdoesnotalwayspromptotherstobuild.Forthestonesarepresentedwithinaself-containedandself-sufficientworldinwhich,itisimplied,simplytolookatthem,toobserve—fleetingly —individuallyinterestingpointsofdifferencebetweenthem,issufficientinitself.Lifeisindeedfullofproblemsonwhichwehaveto —orfeelweshouldtryto —makedecisions,ascitizensorasprivateindividuals.Butneithertherealdifficultyofthesedecisions,northeirtrueanddisturbingchallengetoeachindividual,canoftenbecommunicatedthroughthemassmedia.Thedisinclinationtosuggestrealchoice,individualdecision,whichistobefoundinthemassmedia,isnotsimplytheproductofacommercialdesiretokeepthecustomershappy.Itiswithinthegrainofmasscommunication.TheorgansoftheEstablishment,howeverwell-intentionedtheymaybeandwhatevertheirform(theState,theChurch,voluntarysocieties,politicalparties),haveavestedinterestinensuringthatthepublicboatisnotviolentlyrocked,andwillsoaffectthosewhoworkwithinthemassmediathattheywillbeledinsensiblytowardsformsofproductionwhich,thoughtheygothroughthedisputeandenquiry,donotbreakthroughtheskintowheresuchenquiriesmightreallyhurt.Theywilltendtomove,whenexposingproblems,wellwithintheacceptedclich eassumptionsofthesocietyandwilltendneitherradicallytoquestiontheseclichesnortomakeadisturbingapplicationofthemtofeaturesofcon temporarylife.Theywillstressthe"stimulation"theprogramsgive,butthissoonbecomesanagitationofproblemsforthesakeoftheinterestofthatagitationitself;theywilltherefore,again,assistaformofacceptanceofthestatusquo.Thereareexceptionstothistendency,buttheyareuncharacteristic.Theresultcanbeseeninahundredradioandtelevisionprogramsasplainlyasinthenormaltreatmentofpublicissuesinthepopularpress.Differentlevelsofbackgroundinthereadersorviewersmaybeassumed,butwhatusuallytakesplaceisasubstitutefortheprocessofarrivingatjudgment.Programssuchasthisarenoteworthylessforthe"stimulation"theyofferthanforthefactthatthatstimulation(repeatedatregularintervals)maybecomeasubstitutefor,andsoahindranceto,judgmentsarrivedatandtestedinthemindandonthepulses.Masscommunications,then,donotignoreintellectualmatters;theytendtocastratethem,toallowthemtositonthesideofthefireplace,sleekanduseless,afamilyplaything.(分?jǐn)?shù)：17.50)正確答案：()解析：[范文]MyViewsontheMassMediaUndeniably,themassmediahavebeengreatlyinfluencingourlife.However,inessence,theydon"tpromptintellectualdevelopme