考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京郵電大學(xué)世紀(jì)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京郵電大學(xué)世紀(jì)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.翻譯題

PassageOne

AcapsulehotelisatypeofhotelinJapanwithalargenumberofextremelysmall“rooms”.

Theguestspaceisreducedinsizetoamodularplasticorfiberglassblockroughly2mby1mby1.25m,providingroomtosleep.Facilitiesrangeinentertainmentofferings(mostincludeatelevision,anelectronicconsole,andwirelessinternetconnection).

Thesecapsulesarestackedsidebysideandtwounitstoptobottom,withstepsprovidingaccesstothesecondlevelrooms.Luggageisstoredinalocker,usuallysomewhereoutsideofthehotel.Washroomsarecommunalandmosthotelsincluderestaurants(oratleastvendingmachines),pools,andotherentertainmentfacilities.Thebenefitofthesehotelsisconvenienceandprice,usuallyaround$21-42anight.

Manycapsulesareusedprimarilybymen.Others(especiallyonweekdays)areoftentooinebriatedtosafelytraveltotheirhomes,ortooembarrassedtofacetheirspouseswhentheyareunemployedorunderemployed.

PassageTwo

Youthisnotatimeoflife.Itisastateofmind;itisnotamatterofrosycheeks,redlipsandsuppleknees;itisamatterofthewill,aqualityoftheimagination,avigoroftheemotions;itisthefreshnessofthedeepspringsoflife.

Youthmeansatemperamentalpredominanceofcourageovertimidity,oftheappetiteforadventureovertheloveofease.Thisisoftenexistsinamanof60morethanaboyof20.Nobodygrowsoldmerelybyanumberofyears.Wegrowoldbydesertingourideals.

Yearsmaywrinkletheskin,buttogiveupenthusiasmwrinklesthesoul.Worry,fear,self-distrustbowtheheartandturnthespiritbacktodust.

Whether60or16,thereisineveryhumanbeing’sheartthelureofwonder,theunfailingchildlikeappetiteofwhat’snextandthejoyofthegameofliving.Inthecenterofyourheartandmyheartthereisawirelessstation;solongasitreceivesmessagesofbeauty,hope,cheer,courageandpowerfrommenandfromtheinfinite,youandIwillremainyoung.

Whentheaerialsaredown,andyourspiritiscoveredwithsnowsofcynicismandtheiceofpessimism,thenyouaregrownold,evenat20,butaslongasyouraerialsareuptocatchwavesofoptimism,thereishopeyoumayhaveayoungheartat80.

【答案】PassageOne

【參考譯文】

膠囊旅館是日本一種有許多極小“房間”的旅館。

客人用來(lái)睡覺(jué)的空間被縮小為大約2米×1米×1.25米的組合式的塑料或玻璃纖維間。設(shè)施包括娛樂(lè)設(shè)備（大多數(shù)包括電視、電子控制臺(tái)和無(wú)線(xiàn)網(wǎng)連接）。

這些膠囊房間并排堆放，分上下兩層，有臺(tái)階通往第二層。行李通常放在旅館房間外的儲(chǔ)物柜里。洗手間是公用的，大多數(shù)旅館都有餐廳(或至少有自動(dòng)售貨機(jī))、游泳池和其他娛樂(lè)設(shè)施。這些旅館的好處是方便和低價(jià)，通常每晚大概21到42美元。

許多膠囊房間主要為男性使用。還有一些人(尤其是在工作日)常常是因?yàn)楹鹊锰矶鵁o(wú)法安全回家，或者是因?yàn)闆](méi)有工作或者只有部分時(shí)間被雇傭而羞于回家面對(duì)配偶。

PassageTwo

【參考譯文】

青春不是人生的一個(gè)階段。青春是一種心態(tài)；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝；青春是一種意志，是豐富的想象，是熾熱的情感；青春是生命深泉的涌流。

青春意味著在性格上勇敢戰(zhàn)勝懦弱；意味著對(duì)冒險(xiǎn)的渴望超過(guò)對(duì)安逸的生活熱愛(ài)。相較于20歲的青年，它更常見(jiàn)于80歲的老者。沒(méi)有人僅僅因?yàn)闅q月的流逝就變老，只是因放棄理想而老去。

歲月也許會(huì)使肌膚老去，但喪失激情，定會(huì)使靈魂枯萎。憂(yōu)慮、惶恐、沒(méi)有自信，會(huì)使心靈扭曲，意氣如灰。

無(wú)論是60歲還是16歲，每個(gè)人的心中都有好奇，都有孩童般對(duì)未來(lái)的渴望，都有源自生活這場(chǎng)游戲的歡樂(lè)。在你我的心底，都有一根天線(xiàn)；只要你從天上人間接受美好、希望、歡樂(lè)、勇氣和力量的信號(hào)，你我就青春永駐。

一旦天線(xiàn)倒塌，志氣被玩世不恭的霜雪和悲觀(guān)厭世的冰層覆蓋，就算才20歲，你也老了；但只要你的天線(xiàn)保持捕捉樂(lè)觀(guān)的信號(hào)，即使到了80歲，你也有希望擁有一顆年輕的心。

2.單選題

Tobetermedscientific,amethodofinquirymustbebasedongatheringobservable,empiricalandmeasurableevidence（

）tospecificprinciplesofreasoning.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.superfluous

B.scrupulous

C.object

D.subject

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。Superfluous“多余的，不必要的”；scrupulous“細(xì)心的，小心謹(jǐn)慎的”；object“目標(biāo)（名詞）”；subject“易遭受……的，受……支配”。根據(jù)固定搭配subjectto“使服從，受制于”，句意：科學(xué)的研究方法必須以收集可觀(guān)察的、經(jīng)驗(yàn)的和可測(cè)量的證據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)，并遵循特定的推理原則。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.單選題

Ionlyknowthemanby（

）butIhaveneverspokentohim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.chance

B.heart

C.sight

D.experience

【答案】C

【解析】短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:我只是好像和他見(jiàn)過(guò),但沒(méi)有和他說(shuō)過(guò)話(huà)。

bychance偶然，意外地;byheart憑記憶;bysight面熟;byexperience憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

4.單選題

Realestatedevelopers,smallbusinessesandotherborrowershavecomplainedstrenuouslyinrecentweeksofweakeningsalesandscarcecredit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reluctantly

B.vigorously

C.continually

D.regularly

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.reluctantly不情愿地B.vigorously有力地

C.continually不斷地D.regularly有規(guī)律地，間隙均勻地

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】strenuously的意思為“極力地，使勁地”，指的是房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)商、小企業(yè)和其他借款人卯著勁地抱怨，vigorously，與之詞義相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)商、小企業(yè)和其他借款人最近幾周一直在強(qiáng)烈抱怨銷(xiāo)售疲軟和信貸稀缺。

5.單選題

Itwasaboldideatobuildapowerstationinthedeepvalley,butit（）aswellaswehadhoped.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cameoff

B.wentoff

C.broughtout

D.madeout

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)comeoff“成功，實(shí)現(xiàn)”；B選項(xiàng)gooff“離開(kāi)，變質(zhì)”；C選項(xiàng)bringout“出版，生產(chǎn)”；D選項(xiàng)makeout“辨認(rèn)出，理解”。根據(jù)句意：在深谷里建發(fā)電站是個(gè)大膽的想法，但結(jié)果與我們?cè)瓉?lái)所希望的一樣。也就說(shuō)，這個(gè)想法得到實(shí)現(xiàn)，所以選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

6.單選題

OnNewYear’sEve,NewYorkCityholdsanoutdoor（

）whichattractsacrowdofamillionormorepeople.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.incident

B.event

C.case

D.affair

【答案】B

【解析】同義詞辨析題。四個(gè)詞都有事件的意思，incident指的是突發(fā)的，概率較小的事件；event指大型的活動(dòng)或事件；case一般指案件；affair一般指私事。

句意：在新年前夕，紐約市舉行了一場(chǎng)戶(hù)外活動(dòng)，吸引了100多萬(wàn)人參加。根據(jù)參加的人數(shù)可推測(cè)活動(dòng)規(guī)模之大，所以選項(xiàng)B更恰當(dāng)。

7.單選題

Shealwayshandledtheproblems（）herownexperienceandprinciples.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthelightof

B.intheeventof

C.inthefaceof

D.inthecourseof

【答案】A

【解析】介詞詞組辨析。inthelightof根據(jù)，按照；intheeventof如果……發(fā)生；inthefaceof面臨，面對(duì)；inthecourseof在……過(guò)程中。句意：她總是根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和原則來(lái)處理問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

8.單選題

1.Gettingtoolittlesleepforseveralnightsinarowdisruptshundredsofgenesthatareessentialforgoodhealth,includingthoselinkedtostressandfightingdisease.Testsonpeoplewhosleptlessthansixhoursanightforaweekrevealedsubstantialchangesintheactivityofgenesthatgoverntheimmunesystem,metabolism,sleepandwakecycles,andthebody’sresponsetostress,suggestingthatpoorsleepcouldhaveabroadimpactonlong?termwellbeing.

2.Thechanges,whichaffectedmorethan700genes,mayshedlightonthebiologicalmechanismsthatraisetheriskofahostofailments,includingheartdisease,diabetes,obesity,stressanddepression,inpeoplewhogettoolittlesleep.’’Thesurpriseforuswasthatarelativelymodestdifferenceinsleepdurationleadstothesekindsofchanges,"saidProfessorDijk,directoroftheSurreySleepResearchCentreatSurreyUniversity,wholedthestudy.“It’sanindicationthatsleepdisruptionorsleeprestrictionisdoingmorethanjustmakingpeopletired.”

3.Previousstudieshavesuggestedthatpeoplewhosleeplessthanfivehoursanighthavea15%greaterriskofdeathfromallcausesthanpeopleofthesameagewhogetagoodnight’ssleep.InonesurveyofworkersinBritainmorethan5%claimedtosleepnomorethanfivehoursanight.AnothersurveypublishedintheUSin2010foundthatnearly30%ofpeopleclaimedtosleepnomorethansixhoursanight.

4.ProfessorDijk’steamasked14menand12women,allhealthyandagedbetween23and31years,toliveunderlaboratoryconditionsatthesleepcentrefor12days.Eachvolunteervisitedthecentreontwoseparateoccasions.Duringonevisit,theyspent10hoursanightinbedforaweek.Intheother,theywereallowedonlysixhoursinbedanight.Attheendofeachweek,theywerekeptawakeforadayandnight,oraround39to41hours.UsingEEG(electroencephalography)sensors,thescientistsfoundthatthoseonthe10hours-per-nightweeksleptaround8.5hoursanight,whilethoselimitedtosixhoursinbedeachnightgotonaverage5hoursand42minutesofsleep.

5.Thetimespentasleephadahugeeffectontheactivityofgenes,pickedupfrombloodtestsonthevolunteers,accordingtoareportintheUSjournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Amongthesleep-deprived,theactivityof444geneswassuppressed,while267genesweremoreactivethaninthosewhosleptforalongertime.

6.Changesingenesthatcontrolmetabolismmighttriggerorexacerbateconditionssuchasdiabetesorobesity,whiledisruptionofothergenes,suchasthosethatgovernthebody’sinflammatoryresponse,mighthaveanimpactonheartdisease.Additionalgenesthatwereaffectedhavebeenlinkedtostressandaging.Sleeplossalsohadadramaticeffectongenesthatgovernthebody'sbiologicalclock,suggestingthatpoorsleepmighttriggeraviciouscycleofworseningsleepdisruption.Thetestsshowedthatpeoplewhosleptfor8.5hoursanighthadaround1,855geneswhoseactivityroseandfellovera24-hourcycle.Butinthesleep-deprived,nearly400ofthesestoppedcyclingcompletely.Theremainderroseandfellinkeepingwiththebiologicalclock,butoveramuchsmallerrange."Thereisafeedbacklinkbetweenwhatyoudotoyoursleepandhowthataffectsyourcircadianclock.Thatwillbeveryimportantinfutureinvestigations,”saidDijk.

7.Theresearchersdidnotcheckhowlongittookforgenestoreturntotheirnormallevelsofactivityinthesleep-deprivedvolunteers,buttheyhopetodosoinlaterstudies.Thoughscoresofgenesweredisruptedinthesleep-deprived,thescientistscannotsaywhetherthosechangesareaharmlessshorttermresponsetopoorsleep,asignofthebodyadaptingtosleep-deprivation,orarepotentiallyharmfultohealth.

8.JamesHome,professorofpsychophysiologyatLoughboroughUniversity’sSleepResearchCentre,said:"Thepotentialperilsof’sleepdebt’intoday'ssocietyandtheneedforeighthoursofsleepanightareoftenoverplayedandcancauseundueworry.Althoughthisimportantstudyseemstosupportthisconcern,theparticipantshadtheirsleepsuddenlyrestrictedtoanunusuallylowlevel,whichmusthavebeensomewhatstressfulWe

mustbecarefulnottogeneralizesuchfindingsto,say,habitualsix-hoursleeperswhoarehappywiththeirsleep.Besides,sleepcanadapttosomechange,andshouldalsobejudgedonitsquality,notsimplyonitstotalamount.”

1.BasedonwhatisreportedintextA,Prof.Dijkseemstohavechosenthevolunteersforhissleepexperiments（

）.

2.TheresearchdescribedintextA（

）.

3.Theuseoftheverbtoclaiminparagraph3indicatesthattheresearchers（

）.

4.WhenthesleepresearcherswhoseworkisthefocusoftextAneededtofindouthowmuchsleeptheirhumanexperimentalsubjectsweregetting,they（

）.

5.AccordingtotextA,DrDijk'sresearchindicatesthatobesity（

）.

6.Prof.Home’sremarks(paragraph8)（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.primarilyfromamonguniversityundergraduateswithagreatdealoffreetime.

B.fromanagegroupinwhichphysicalgrowthhadendedandmajorundetectedhealthproblemswereunlikelytobepresent.

C.fromarandomassortmentofBritishpeople.

D.fromamongthepeoplemostlikelytosufferfrominterruptedsleeporothersleepingproblems.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.usefullyconfirmstheworkofearlierresearchersbutofferslittlethatisnew.

B.offersbiologicalclarificationofresearchdoneearlier.

C.contradictstheresultsofearlierresearch.

D.ispioneeringworkofakindneverdonebefore.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.aresurethatthesleepdataareaccurate.

B.havenoreasonnottobelievethatthesleepdataarecorrect.

C.thinkthatthereislittlereasontoacceptthesleepdata.

D.cannotbeabsolutelysurethatthesleepdataareaccurate.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.usedtechnicalmeanstoworkouthowmuchthevolunteershadreallyslept.

B.watchedthesleepingvolunteersinthelabtoseehowlongtheyslept.

C.estimatedthefiguresbyaveragingsleepdataarrivedatbyvariousmeans.

D.reliedonstatementsmadebythevolunteersusedintheexperiments.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.isthedirectresultofgettingtoolittlesleep.

B.maybethedirectresultofnotgettingenoughsleep.

C.mayresultfromorbeworsenedbyalterationsinthegenesofpeoplewhogettoolittlesleep.

D.cannotbeshowntohaveanyreasonabledirectorindirectconnectionwithsleepingpatterns.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.cautionreadersnottoconcludetoomuchfromProf.Dijk’sfindings

B.emphasizetheimportanceforallhumanbeingsofgetting8hoursofsleepnightly

C.warnthatdangerousstressistheinevitableresultofgettingtoolittlesleep

D.underlinetheimportanceandvalueofProf.Dijk'sresearch

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干意思“基于文章A中的陳述，教授Dijk為自己的睡眠實(shí)驗(yàn)選擇的自愿者似乎…”定位至第四段“ProfessorDijk'steamasked14menand12women,allhealthyandagedbetween23and31years...教授Dijk的團(tuán)隊(duì)要求身體都健康且年齡介于23至31歲的14位男人和12位女人……”,由此可知知B項(xiàng)“來(lái)自身體發(fā)育已停止且不太可能有主要的未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的健康問(wèn)題的年齡群體”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段中“Thechanges,whichaffectedmorethan700genes,may

shedlightonthebiologicalmechanismsthatraisetheriskofahostofailments,includingheartdisease,diabetes,obesity,stressanddepression,inpeoplewhogettoolittlesleep.這些對(duì)超過(guò)700個(gè)基因有影響的變化可能讓人明白睡覺(jué)過(guò)少的人患上如心臟病、糖尿病、肥胖、壓力和抑郁等疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加的生物學(xué)機(jī)制?！奔暗谌沃小癙reviousstudieshavesuggestedthatpeoplewhosleeplessthanfivehoursanighthavea15%greaterriskofdeathfromallcausesthanpeopleofthesameagewhogetagoodnight’ssleep.先前的研究顯示，每晚睡眠少于5小時(shí)的人相比睡好覺(jué)的同齡人死于各種原因的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加了15%?！钡膶?duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系知B項(xiàng)“為早些時(shí)候的研究提供了生物學(xué)上的闡明”正確。

3.詞義題。claim本意指“要求；聲稱(chēng)”及它在第三段的主語(yǔ)分別是“英國(guó)工人”和“在美國(guó)接受調(diào)研的人”,由此推測(cè)claim這個(gè)詞的使用表明研究者對(duì)睡眠對(duì)聲稱(chēng)的睡眠數(shù)據(jù)不能確定，由此知D項(xiàng)“不能完全確定這些睡眠數(shù)據(jù)是精確的”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第四段指出:UsingEEG(electroencephalography)sensors,thescientistsfoundthatthoseonthe10hours-per-nightweeksleptaround8.5hoursanight，...(通過(guò)使用腦電圖傳感器，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)每晚睡覺(jué)十個(gè)小時(shí)的人每晚大約睡覺(jué)8.5個(gè)小時(shí)。由此可知A項(xiàng)“用技術(shù)方式去算出志愿者們真正睡眠時(shí)間是多久”正確。

5.C細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段的第一句指出:這些對(duì)超過(guò)700個(gè)基因有影響的變化可能讓人明白睡覺(jué)過(guò)少的人患上如心臟病、糖尿病、肥胖、壓力和抑郁等疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加的生物學(xué)機(jī)制。第六段:Changesingenesthatcontrolmetabolismmighttriggerorexacerbateconditionssuchasdiabetesorobesity,...控制新陳代謝的基因發(fā)生的變化可能會(huì)引發(fā)或加劇如糖尿病或肥胖等情況……,可知c項(xiàng)“可能被睡覺(jué)很少的人的基因變化引起或惡化”正確。

6.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位至第八段:Wemustbecarefulnottogeneralizesuchfindingsto,say,habitualsix-hoursleeperswhoarehappywiththeirsleep(我們必須小心避免去推廣這些發(fā)現(xiàn)，如不能將這些發(fā)現(xiàn)推廣到習(xí)慣六小時(shí)睡眠而對(duì)自己睡眠滿(mǎn)意人身上),可知A項(xiàng)“告誡讀者不要從教授Dijk的發(fā)現(xiàn)上推斷太多”正確。

9.單選題

Mr.Greenhasrecentlybeen（

）ofthecompany.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.appointedtopresident.

B.appointedpresident

C.appointedapresident

D.appointedthepresident

【答案】B

【解析】句意:格林先生最近升任公司董事長(zhǎng)了。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾楣谠~。根據(jù)冠詞的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則,職位前不加冠詞。而且appoint是及物動(dòng)詞,后面直接接賓語(yǔ)president。故選B.

10.單選題

Agreatamountofworkliasgoneinto（）theCathedraltoitsprevioussplendor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refreshing

B.restoring

C.renovating

D.renewing

【答案】B

【解析】句意:大量的工作已經(jīng)投入,為了使這個(gè)大教堂恢復(fù)到其以前的華麗。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。refresh更新，使精力恢復(fù)，使得到補(bǔ)充；restore恢復(fù)，修復(fù)；restoreto使恢復(fù)到…；renovate更新，修復(fù)，革新，刷新；renew使更新，續(xù)借，復(fù)興。由題干中關(guān)鍵詞“toitsprevioussplendor到其以前的華麗”可知B項(xiàng)正確。

11.填空題

Actingissuchanovercrowdedprofessionthattheonlyadvicethatshouldbegiventoayoungpersonthinkingofgoingonthestageis"Don't!"Butitisuselesstotrytodiscouragesomeone（1）feelsthathemustact,althoughthechancesofhisbecomingfamousare（2）.Thenormalwaytobeginistogotoadramaschool.Usuallyonlystudentswhoshowpromiseand（3）areaccepted,andthecourselaststwoyears.Thentheyoung（4）oractresstakesupworkwithaplaycompany,usuallyasassistantstagemanager.Thismeans（5）everythingthatthereistodointhetheatre:paintingscenery,lookingafterthefurniture,takingcareoftheclothes,andevenactinginverysmallparts.Itisvery（6）workindeed,thehoursarelongandthesalaryistiny.Butyoungactorswiththestageintheirbloodare（7）,waitingforthechanceofworkingwithabettercompany,orperhapsinfilmsortelevision.

Ofcourse,somepeoplehaveunusualchances,whichleadto（8）andsuccess（9）thislonganddulltraining.ConniePratt,forexample,wasjustanordinarygirlworkinginabicyclefactory.Afilmproducerhappenedto（10）sightofheronemorningwaitingatabusstop,ashe（11）pastinhisbigcar.Hetoldthebusdrivertostop,andhegotouttospeaktothegirl.Heaskedher（12）shewouldliketogotothefilmcompanytodoatest,andatfirstshethoughthewasjoking.Thenshegotangryandsaidshewouldcallthepolice.Ittooktheproducer（13）minutestotellConniethathewasserious.Thenanappointmentwasmadeforhertogotothecompanythenextday.Thetestwassuccessful.Theygavehersomenecessarylessonsandwithinafewweeksshewasplayingtheleading（14）inafilm,whichmadeherwell-knownovernight（15）thecountry.Ofcourse,shewasgivenadramaticname,whichisnowworldfamous.Butchanceslikethishappenonceinabluemoon!

【答案】1.who

2.small

3.talent

4.actor

5.doing

6.hard

7.happy

8.fame

9.without

10.catch

11.drove

12.if

13.twenty

14.part

15.throughout

【解析】1.后文“feelsthathemustact”為someone的后置定語(yǔ)，此處缺關(guān)系代詞，故選“who”。

2.整句話(huà)的含義為：試圖阻止那些自認(rèn)為他必須演戲的人是沒(méi)用的，盡管成名的機(jī)會(huì)…“Although”表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，由此可推斷“成名機(jī)會(huì)很小”符合邏輯，故選“small”。

3.“and”表并列，故此處應(yīng)選擇與“promise希望”同類(lèi)名詞，選項(xiàng)中“talent天賦”符合要求。

4.“or或者”表并列，故此處應(yīng)選擇與“actress女演員”的同類(lèi)名詞，故選“actor男演員”。

5.“meandoingsth.意味著做某事”，故此處選“doing”。

6.前文提到作為舞臺(tái)監(jiān)督助理需要承擔(dān)的一系列工作，以及后文提到工作時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，薪水少，可知“這份工作很辛苦”，故選“hard辛苦的”。

7.“But但是”表轉(zhuǎn)折，此處填入的詞應(yīng)與前文“辛苦的工作”形成反差，“happy”符合邏輯，整句話(huà)的含義為：但是這些將演戲融入自己血液的年輕人是快樂(lè)的，他們?cè)诘却龣C(jī)會(huì)去一個(gè)更好的公司或者出演電影電視。故選“happy”。

8.“and”表并列，此處應(yīng)選擇與“success成功”同類(lèi)名詞，故選“fame名氣”。

9.前文提到“有些人因獲得不尋常的機(jī)會(huì)而成名”和后文普通女孩ConniePratt的例子可知她“沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)漫長(zhǎng)且枯燥的訓(xùn)練”，故選“without沒(méi)有”。

10.“catchsightofsb.看見(jiàn)某人”為固定短語(yǔ)，故選“catch”。

11.后文提到“inhisbigcar在他的大車(chē)中”，可推測(cè)此處應(yīng)選擇與“車(chē)子”相關(guān)的詞，“drivepast”即“駕車(chē)駛過(guò)”，符合原文，本句描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事件，故選drive的過(guò)去式“drove”。

12.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及整句話(huà)含義“他問(wèn)她（ConniePratt）…想去電影公司做測(cè)試，開(kāi)始ConniePratt覺(jué)得他在開(kāi)玩笑…”推斷此處選“if是否”。

13.由下文“minutes分鐘”可知這里需要選擇一個(gè)描述時(shí)間的量詞，故選數(shù)詞“twenty”。

14.“playtheleadingpart擔(dān)任主角”為固定短語(yǔ)，“part”此處為“角色”的意思。

15.“throughoutthecountry全國(guó)”為固定短語(yǔ)，故選“throughout遍及”。

12.單選題

Inschoolexaminationscertainsubjectsareoptional.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.notdifficult

B.notnecessary

C.nottobechosen

D.notcompulsory

【答案】D

【解析】optional意為“可選擇的，隨意的”。notcompulsory非強(qiáng)制的，選項(xiàng)D與原句所表達(dá)的意思相符。

13.單選題

NeptuneisaboutthirtytimesasfarfromtheSun（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.istheEarth

B.theEarthis

C.isastheEarth

D.asistheEarth

【答案】D

【解析】考查倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式。倍數(shù)+as...as...，首先排除選項(xiàng)A和B，前后結(jié)構(gòu)保持一致，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

14.單選題

Thenewspaperdidnotmentionthe（

）ofthedamagecausedbythefire.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.range

B.level

C.extent

D.quality

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)range“（變動(dòng)或浮動(dòng)的）范圍”；B選項(xiàng)level“水平，水準(zhǔn)”；C選項(xiàng)extent“程度”；D選項(xiàng)“質(zhì)量，品質(zhì)”。根據(jù)damage可知C選項(xiàng)符合邏輯，表示“損失程度”。句意：報(bào)紙沒(méi)有提到火災(zāi)造成的損失程度。

15.單選題

Theprodigalson（

）hislargeinheritanceinafewyearsofheavyspending.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inherited

B.received

C.accumulated

D.dissipated

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:揮霍的兒子將他繼承的一大筆錢(qián)在幾年之內(nèi)就揮霍完了。

inherited繼承;經(jīng)遺傳而得。received接受；迎接。accumulated累積。dissipated消散；浪費(fèi)。

16.單選題

Mostpeoplecan’tget（）thedaywithoutatleastonecupofteaorcoffee.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.over

C.through

D.by

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。句意:沒(méi)有一杯茶或者咖啡,大多數(shù)人都無(wú)法清醒地過(guò)完這一天。getthrough表示“度過(guò),熬過(guò)”。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

17.單選題

Soldiersactin（

）totheordersoftheirofficers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obligation

B.objection

C.offence

D.obedience

【答案】D

【解析】句意:士兵們遵照上級(jí)軍官的命令行動(dòng)。

短語(yǔ)辨析。Inobligationto有義務(wù);inobjectionto反對(duì);inoffenceto違反;inobedienceto遵照,服從。故選D。

18.單選題

（）thedisappearanceoftheMayanempire,therearestillMayansintheregioninwhichtheyonceinhabited.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Although

B.As

C.But

D.For

【答案】A

【解析】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：盡管瑪雅帝國(guó)消失，但是，他們?cè)?jīng)居住的地區(qū)仍然有瑪雅人。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，“therearestillMayans仍然還有瑪雅人”與“disappearance消失”是對(duì)比關(guān)系，后半句是完整的句子，故A為正確答案。

19.單選題

Sinceprivateshareholderscannotbeexpectedto______thewidergoalsofsocietyasawhole,publicownershipmaythenbeinevitable.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intensify

B.undermine

C.rip

D.subsidize

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)intensify“增強(qiáng)，強(qiáng)化，變激烈”，B項(xiàng)undermine“破壞，漸漸破壞，挖掘地基”，C項(xiàng)rip“撕，鋸”，D項(xiàng)subsidize“資助，給予獎(jiǎng)助金”。由privateshareholders“私人股東”和thewidergoalsofsociety“更廣泛的社會(huì)目標(biāo)”可知，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：既然不能指望私人股東強(qiáng)化整個(gè)社會(huì)的更廣泛目標(biāo)，那么公有制可能就不可避免了。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Theking'sdaughterthreatenedtodrinkthechemicalifherefusedherrequest.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deadly

B.deathly

C.fatal

D.mortal

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：國(guó)王的女兒威脅國(guó)王說(shuō)，如果不同意她的要求，就喝下毒藥。A選項(xiàng)deadlyadj.致命地，非常地，表示致死的可能性極大，用于能引起死亡的事物，如：adeadlydisease是通常會(huì)致死的疾病。B選項(xiàng)deathlyadj.死一般的，讓人想到死亡的，如：adeathlysilence死一般的寂靜。fatal強(qiáng)調(diào)命運(yùn)或必然性，用來(lái)形容導(dǎo)致毀滅，災(zāi)難，死亡的潛在或?qū)嶋H原因。在預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)時(shí)，多用fatal。而mortal是死亡已經(jīng)發(fā)生或一定會(huì)發(fā)生，因此該詞只用于事實(shí)上已經(jīng)引起死亡或即將引起死亡的事物。此處是表示“致命的東西”，因此，A項(xiàng)是正確答案。

21.單選題

IthasbeenannouncedthatphysicistsfromdifferentcountrieswillgatherinNewYorkfora____nextmonth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.symphony

B.symmetry

C.symposium

D.symptom

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.symphony交響樂(lè)B.symmetry對(duì)稱(chēng)（性）

C.symposium研討會(huì)D.symptom征兆

【考查點(diǎn)】語(yǔ)義銜接與形近詞辨析

【解題思路】前文提到“來(lái)自不同國(guó)家的物理學(xué)家聚集到一起”，而空格處所填詞是他們聚集到一起的目的，C選項(xiàng)symposium“研討會(huì)”最符合語(yǔ)義邏輯。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)均為symposium“研討會(huì)”的形近詞，但都不能使原句前后語(yǔ)義銜接。

【句意】據(jù)通知，來(lái)自不同國(guó)家的物理學(xué)家將于下個(gè)月聚集在紐約參加一個(gè)研討會(huì)。

22.單選題

Thehumannoseisanunderratedtool.Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmelterscomparedwithanimals,21thisislargelybecause,22animals,westandupright.Thismeansthatournosesare23toperceivingthosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair,24__themajorityofsmellswhichsticktosurfaces.Infact,__25__,weareextremelysensitivetosmells,__26wedonotgenerallyrealizeit.Ournosesarecapableof27humansmellsevenwhentheseare28tofarbelowonepartinonemillion.

Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother,__29__othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.Thismaybebecausesomepeopledonothavethegenesnecessarytogenerate30smellreceptorsinthenose,Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsandsend31tothebrain,However,ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmell32cansuddenlybecomesensitivetoitwhen33toitoftenenough.

Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatbrainfindsit34tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcan35newreceptorsifnecessary.Thismay__36__explainwhywearenotusuallysensitivetoourownsmells—wesimplydonotneedtobe.Wearenot37oftheusualsmellofourownhousebutwe38newsmellswhenwevisitsomeoneelse’s.Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptors39forunfamiliarandemergencysignals__40__thesmellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.although

B.as

C.but

D.while

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.above

B.unlike

C.excluding

D.besides

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.limited

B.committed

C.dedicated

D.confined

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.catching

B.ignoring

C.missing

D.tracking

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.anyway

B.though

C.instead

D.therefore

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.evenif

B.ifonly

C.onlyif

D.asif

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.distinguishing

B.discovering

C.determining

D.detecting

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.diluted

B.dissolved

C.dispersed

D.diffused

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.since

C.for

D.whereas

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.unusual

B.particular

C.unique

D.typical

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.signs

B.stimuli

C.messages

D.impulses

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.atfirst

B.atall

C.atlarge

D.attimes

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.subjected

B.left

C.drawn

D.exposed

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.ineffective

B.incompetent

C.inefficient

D.insufficient

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.introduce