考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廈門華天涉外職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廈門華天涉外職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Thegovernmentofficialsestimatethatthewarhascreatedmorethanhalfamillion（

）whoneedimmediatefood,clothingandshelter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exiles

B.hostages

C.survivors

D.refugees

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)exile“放逐，流放”；B選項(xiàng)hostage“人質(zhì)，抵押品”；C選項(xiàng)survivor“幸存者”；D選項(xiàng)refugee“難民，逃亡者”。句意：政府官員估計(jì)，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)導(dǎo)致50多萬難民急需食物、衣服和住所。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

2.單選題

TheEgyptiansusedtobelievethatliteracywasdivine.Scholarsnolonger________thattheory,butwhyancientcivilizationsdevelopedwritingwasamysteryforalongtime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.embrace

B.involve

C.formulate

D.comprehend

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.embrace接受，采納B.involve包含，牽涉

C.formulate制訂，規(guī)劃D.comprehend理解，領(lǐng)悟

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格處和下文的“theory（理論）”構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓邏輯，表示學(xué)者們不再怎么樣這一理論，該理論指的是上一句的“埃及人過去一度認(rèn)為讀寫能力是一種天賜技能（literacywasdivine）”。由but可知，此處存在轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系，下文說到“古代文明為什么會(huì)發(fā)展書寫能力（writing）一直是一個(gè)謎（mystery）”，說明雖然學(xué)者們不認(rèn)同這一理論，但他們還不清楚為什么古代文明為什么會(huì)發(fā)展書寫能力。embrace指接受一個(gè)想法、建議、信念等，因此A選項(xiàng)embrace“接受，采納”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)involve“包含，牽涉”指包括某人或某物作為某事物的一部分，不符合題干的語(yǔ)義邏輯；

C選項(xiàng)formulate“制訂，規(guī)劃”指精心制作或準(zhǔn)備，特別注意細(xì)節(jié)，不符合題干的語(yǔ)義邏輯；

D選項(xiàng)comprehend“理解，領(lǐng)悟”指充分理解某事物，此處說的是學(xué)者不接受、認(rèn)同這一理論，而不是不能理解理論的內(nèi)涵。

【句意】埃及人過去一度認(rèn)為讀寫能力是一種天賜技能。雖然學(xué)者們不再接受這一理論，但古代文明為什么會(huì)發(fā)展書寫能力一直是一個(gè)謎。

3.單選題

Partiestoajointventureshallapplyforarbitration______therelevantwrittenagreement.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.incaseof

B.inharmonywith

C.inaccordancewith

D.initself

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)incaseof“萬一；如果發(fā)生；假設(shè)”；B選項(xiàng)inharmonywith“和諧；協(xié)調(diào)一致；協(xié)調(diào)；與……相配”；C選項(xiàng)inaccordancewith“根據(jù)；按照；依照”；D選項(xiàng)initself“以其本身而言，本質(zhì)上”。句意：合營(yíng)各方應(yīng)根據(jù)有關(guān)書面協(xié)議申請(qǐng)仲裁。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Hespokeso（

）thatevenhisopponentswerewonoverbyhisarguments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bluntly

B.convincingly

C.emphatically

D.determinedly

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。bluntly“率直地，遲鈍地”；convincingly“令人信服的，有說服力的”；emphatically“強(qiáng)調(diào)地，明顯地”；determinedly“堅(jiān)定地，決然地”。句意：他說的是如此有說服力，以至于他的對(duì)手都被他的論述所說服。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

Toomuchsunlightmightimpressuponmetheideaofhowmuchmoreagreeableitwouldbeoutofdoorsratherthanhunchedoverasheetofalmostblankpaper.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sympathetic

B.enjoyable

C.amendable

D.approving

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。agreeable“令人愉快；適合的；和藹可親的”；A選項(xiàng)sympathetic“同情的；贊同的”；B選項(xiàng)enjoyable“快樂的；有樂趣的；令人愉快的”；C選項(xiàng)amendable“可修正的”；D選項(xiàng)approving“贊成的，滿意的”。句意：太多的日光或許讓我產(chǎn)生了這種想法，即去戶外而不是弓著腰對(duì)著一張幾乎空白的紙張會(huì)是更令人愉快的。題干說到“Toomuchsunlight太多的日光”與“outofdoors去戶外”，由此可知agreeable在這里有“令人愉快的”的意思，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

（）,HarryS.Trumanwasournation’sthirty-thirdPresident.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.HewasbornandraisedinMissouri

B.BornandraisedinMissouri

C.BecausehewasbornandraisedinMissouri

D.ThathewasbornandraisedinMissouri

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)“HewasbornandraisedinMissouri”，He應(yīng)該指代前面的內(nèi)容，不符合句意，可排除；B選項(xiàng)“BornandraisedinMissouri”（在密蘇里出生并長(zhǎng)大）符合句型結(jié)構(gòu)，B選項(xiàng)正確。C、D選項(xiàng)跟A選項(xiàng)同理，可排除。因此答案為B選項(xiàng)。

7.單選題

JanewasfairlygoodatEnglish,butinmathematicsshecouldnot______therestofthestudentsinherclass.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.putupwith

B.keepupwith

C.doawaywith

D.runawaywith

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)putupwith“忍受，容忍”，B項(xiàng)keepupwith“趕得上，保持聯(lián)系”，C項(xiàng)doawaywith“廢除，去掉”，D項(xiàng)runawaywith“輕易獲得，偷走”。根據(jù)句子JanewasfairlygoodatEnglish,butinmathematicsshecouldnot“簡(jiǎn)的英語(yǔ)相當(dāng)好，但數(shù)學(xué)不能”可知，B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：簡(jiǎn)的英語(yǔ)相當(dāng)好，但在數(shù)學(xué)方面她跟不上班上的其他同學(xué)。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

1.Anewstudyusesanunusualsource—proverbs—revealculturaldifferencesinhowChineseandAmericancitizensviewrisksandrisk-taking.

2.WhenChineseandAmericanstudentscomparedproverbsfromtheircountriestheyagreed:

Chineseproverbsgenerallyadvocatedgreaterrisk-takingthandidAmericanproverbs.

3.TheseresultshelpexplainearlierresearchthathasfoundChinesecitizensareindeedmorewilling

totakefinancialrisksthanareAmericans,saidElkeWeber,coauthorofthestudyandaprofessorofpsychologyatOhioStateUniversity.

4.“Proverbsarepartofanation’scultureandreflectthenation’sbeliefsandvalues,”saidWeber.“By

lookingatproverbs,wewereabletoshowthatlong-standingculturaldifferencesareonereasonthattheChinesearemorerisk-seekingthanAmericanswhenitcomestofinancialissues,”Webersaid.

5.WeberconductedthestudywithChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicagoandJoanna

SokolowskaoftheAcademyofSciencesinWarsaw,Poland.TheresultswerepublishedinarecentissueofthejournalOrganizationalBehaviorandHumanDecisionProcesses.

6.StudentsfromthetwocountriesratedAmericanproverbssuchas“Abirdinthehandisworthtwo

inthebush,”andChineseproverbssuchas“Failureisthemotherofsuccess.”

7.Thestudyalsofoundsomedifferencesinhowstudentsfromthetwocountriesviewedproverbs.

Forexample,Chinesecitizensgenerallyviewedproverbsasadvocatingmoreriskinfinancialsituationsthaninsocialsituations.TherewasnosuchdistinctionmadebyAmericanparticipants.

8.WebersaidthecollectivistcultureofChina―aculturethatemphasizescommitmenttofamily—

allowspeopletotakegreaterfinancialrisksbecausecitizensknowtheirnetworkoffriendsandfamilywillhelptheminacrisis.However,becauseoftheimportanceoftheirsocialnetwork,Chinesearelesswillingtotakesocialrisksinwhichtheymightalienatefriendsorfamily.

9.InAmerica’sindividualisticculture,peoplehavetobemorecarefulfinanciallybecausetheydon’t

havethe“cushion”ofasocialnetworktofallbackon,Webersaid.Ontheotherhand,Americansdon’thavetoworryasmuchabouttheirsocialnetwork.“Theproverbsofeachcountryreflectthesedifferingculturalvaluesandconcerns,”Webersaid.

10.Inonestudy,82Americanand87Chinesecollegestudentswereaskedtorate34proverbs—17

fromeachcountry—thathadsomeadviceaboutdealingwithrisk.Theproverbsweretranslatedintotheparticipants’nativelanguagesandparticipantswerenottoldwhichcountrytheproverbswerefrom.

11.Theparticipantswerethenaskedifeachproverbpromotedriskaversionorriskseekingintwo

differentsituations,onefinancialandonesocial.Theyratedtheproverbsonafive-pointscaleinwhich1wasrisk-averse,3wasneutraland5wasriskseeking.

12.TheparticipantsfromeachcountryratedChineseproverbsasmoreriskseekingingeneralthan

theAmericanproverbs,Webersaid.Forexample,inonegroupofproverbs,AmericanstudentsgavetheAmericanproverbsanaveragescoreof2.83,andtheChineseproverbsanaveragescoreof3.07.

13.However,WebersaidtheevidencewasclearthatChinesepeoplebelieveproverbsadvocatemore

riskseekinginfinancialsituationsthantheydoinsocialsituations.

14.Inaddition,Chineseproverbsseemtodealmorewiththeproblemsofsocialrisk-takingthando

Americanproverbs,reflectingthecountries’differingvalues.Forexample,Americanstudentssaid95percentofAmericanproverbswereapplicabletofinancialdecisions,butonly63percentwereapplicabletosocialdecisions.ButAmericansthought78percentofChineseproverbswereapplicabletofinancialdecisionsand73percentwereapplicabletosocialdecisions.

15.“TheChinesearemuchmoreinterestedthanAmericansinprotectingtheirsocialnetworks.”

Webersaid.“ThesefindingsareconsistentwiththenotionthatChinais,andhaslongbeen,acollectivistsocietyandAmericaanindividualisticone.”

16.Asecondstudy,whichalsoincludedGermanproverbs,foundthatpeopleratedGermanproverbs

inbetweenthosefromAmericaandChina—butclosertoChinese—intermsofriskseekingandriskaversion.Thatmakessense,Webersaid,becauseGermancultureisquitecollectivistinasocialsense,muchlikeChina’s,eventhoughthecountryhasaneconomicsystemthatismorelikeAmerica’s.

17.Webersaidthisresearchisimportantforseveralreasons.Forone,itshowshowresearcherscan

useculturalproducts—suchasproverbs,novels,ornurseryrhymes—tohelpexplaincross-culturaldifferencesinbeliefsandbehavior.Theseresultsalsohaveapracticaluseinhelpingpeopleinvolvedininternationalnegotiationstobetterunderstandculturaldifferences.“Whenyouaredealingwithsomeonefromanothercountry,itisimportanttoknowiftherearedifferencesinperceptionsorvaluesthatcanaffectnegotiations.Inthiscase,ifyouknowtheotherpersonhasdifferentriskperceptionsorriskpreferencesthanyou,itispossibletodevelopanagreementthatleavesbothsidesbetteroff.”

1.Thestudyusedproverbsbecause（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEoftheproverbs"Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush"and"Failureisthemotherofsuccess"?

3.TheChineseadvocatemorerisk-takinginfinancialsituationsbecause

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueofasocietythatemphasizesindividualvalues?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeconcludedfromthepassage?

I.Apersonwhoenjoysgoodsocialrelationstendstoriskhimselffinancially.

II.Apersonwhoenjoysgoodsocialrelationstendstobeconcernedabouttheproblemtherein.

III.Apersonwhodoesn'tcareaboutsocialnetworktendstotakemoresocialrisks.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ChinaandAmericahaveapproximatelythesamenumberofproverbs

B.mostproverbsdealwithrisk-taking

C.thesubjectshadalargerepertoireofproverbs

D.proverbsareculture-ladenexpressions

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarethemostquotedproverbs.

B.Theyrevealdifferentattitudestowardrisk-taking.

C.Theyinvolvedifferentimages.

D.Theyexpressthesameproposition.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theyareaheadlongpeople

B.theyarefinanciallydisadvantaged

C.theyhavethe"cushion"ofsocialnetwork

D.theyhavemorefinancialopportunities

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itscitizenstendtocareaboutsocialnetwork.

B.Itscitizensarefamily-oriented.

C.Itscitizensarerisk-taking.

D.Itscitizenscaremoreaboutthemselvesfinancially.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Ionly

B.IIonly

C.BothIandIII

D.I,IIandIII

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干中的proverbs可定位到文章第四段中，由Proverbsarepartofanation'scultureandreflectthenation'sbeliefsandvalues（諺語(yǔ)是一個(gè)民族文化的組成部分反映了該民族的信仰和價(jià)值觀）可知D選項(xiàng)“諺語(yǔ)是文化的表達(dá)方式”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的Anewstudyusesanunusualsource—proverbs—revealculturaldifferencesinhowChineseandAmericancitizensviewrisksandrisk-taking（揭示中美兩國(guó)公民如何看待風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和冒險(xiǎn)的文化差異）可知B選項(xiàng)“它們揭示了人們對(duì)冒險(xiǎn)的不同態(tài)度”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干中的financialsituations可定位到文章第八段中，由thecollectivistcultureofChina―aculturethatemphasizescommitmenttofamily—allowspeopletotakegreaterfinancialrisksbecausecitizensknowtheirnetworkoffriendsandfamilywillhelptheminacrisis（中國(guó)的集體主義文化——強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)家庭的承諾的文化——允許人們承擔(dān)更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)槊癖娭浪麄兊呐c朋友和家人之間的聯(lián)系將在危機(jī)中幫助他們）可知人們可以在危險(xiǎn)關(guān)頭依靠他們的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)，因此C選項(xiàng)“他們擁有社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的‘緩沖’”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的individualvalues可定位到文章第九段中，由InAmerica'sindividualisticculture,peoplehavetobemorecarefulfinanciallybecausetheydon'thavethe"cushion"ofasocialnetworktofallbackon（在美國(guó)的個(gè)人主義文化中，人們必須在財(cái)政上更加謹(jǐn)慎，因?yàn)樗麄儧]有可以依靠的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)關(guān)系）可知D選項(xiàng)“它的民眾在經(jīng)濟(jì)上更關(guān)心自己”符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。通讀全文，可知在集體主義文化中，人們因?yàn)榭梢砸揽坑H友這樣的社會(huì)關(guān)系網(wǎng)，更愿意冒險(xiǎn)，但也會(huì)因?yàn)榕率ビH友，而不會(huì)冒太大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；在個(gè)人主義文化中，因?yàn)闆]有可依靠的社會(huì)關(guān)系網(wǎng)，人們不會(huì)冒太大的金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，相比之下，他們會(huì)冒更大的社會(huì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故題目中的三種說法都正確，因此選D。

9.單選題

Everypossiblemeans（

）tried,butthereisnoresult.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.havebeen

B.hasbeen

C.willbe

D.were

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。主語(yǔ)為“everypossiblemeans”為單數(shù)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。而且means與try之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故B項(xiàng)正確。句意：所有可行的辦法都嘗試了，但仍然沒有用。

10.單選題

It’stime（

）aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.somethingwasdone

B.everythingisdone

C.anythingwillbedone

D.nothingtobedone

【答案】A

【解析】考查it’stime的用法。It’stimesbdidsth,虛擬語(yǔ)氣，動(dòng)詞的形式是一般過去時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。句意：是時(shí)候采取措施來緩解城市的交通問題了。

11.單選題

Employeesknewfromthevery（）thattheirjobswouldfinishthisyear.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.upshot

B.outbreak

C.outcome

D.outset

【答案】D

【解析】考查形似詞詞義辨析。upshot“結(jié)局，結(jié)果”；outbreak“（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的）爆發(fā)”；outcome“結(jié)果，結(jié)局”；outset“開始，開端”。句意：?jiǎn)T工從開始就知道他們的工作今年就會(huì)結(jié)束。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.單選題

IwassosicklastnightthatIfeltasiftheroom___round.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldgo

B.hadgone

C.weregoing

D.shouldgo

【答案】C

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：昨晚我病得很厲害，覺得房間里好像在轉(zhuǎn)。根據(jù)句意可知是“我”病得很厲害的這段時(shí)間覺得房間在轉(zhuǎn)，要用表示過去的時(shí)態(tài)，排除A選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng)；B選項(xiàng)是過去完成時(shí)，表示發(fā)生主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，一直延續(xù)到主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生停止，則為先覺得房間在轉(zhuǎn)，再病得厲害，邏輯不正確；C選項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)符合原題。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Fiber-opticcablescancarryhundredsoftelephoneconversations（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.homogeneously

B.spontaneously

C.simultaneously

D.ingeniously

【答案】C

【解析】副詞詞義辨析。homogeneously“同樣地”；spontaneously“自發(fā)地，自然地”；ingeniously“賢明地，有才能地”。句意：光纖電纜可以同時(shí)傳輸數(shù)百個(gè)電話通話。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

14.單選題

Brusselswarnedthatactionisneededtoavoidtherisksof（）effectsontheFrencheconomy,inviewofthecountry’scurrenteconomicdifficultiesanditsexcessivedeficit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.vulgar

B.spiral

C.divine

D.adverse

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)vulgar表示“粗俗的，通俗的”；B選項(xiàng)spiral表示“盤旋的，螺旋的”；C選項(xiàng)divine表示“神圣的，非凡的”；D選項(xiàng)adverse表示“不利的，相反的，敵對(duì)的”。由后文中的“thecountry’scurrenteconomicdifficultiesanditsexcessivedeficit”可知，目前法國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況已經(jīng)不佳，所以法案的提出需要避免對(duì)法國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生不利影響。因此，本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

15.填空題

Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereisamixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswherepeoplearesimilarinmany（1）.Thesimple（2）forthisisthattherearemoredifferentwaysoflookingatthings（3）inthefirstkindofsociety.Therearemoreideas,moredisagreements

（4）

interest,andmoregroupsandorganizations（5）differentbeliefs.In（6）,thereisusuallyagreaterworldlyinterestandgreatertolerancein（7）societies.Allthesefactorstendtopromotesocialchangeby（8）moreareasoflifetodecision.Inasimple-racial（9）,thereare（10）occasionsforpeopletoseetheneedortheopportunityfor（11）becauseeverythingseemstobethesame.And（12）conditionsmaynotbesatisfactory,theyareatleastcustomaryandundisputed.

Socialchangeisalsolikelytooccurmorefrequentlyand（13）inthematerialaspectsoftheculturethaninthenon-material,forexample,intechnologyratherthaninvalues;inthe（14）basicandemotionalaspectsofsocietythanintheiropposites;informratherthanin（15）;andinelementsthatare（16）tothecultureratherthaninstrangeelements.

（17）,socialchangeiseasierifitisgradual.Forexample,itcomes（18）readilyinhumanrelationsonacontinuousscaleratherthanonewithsharpdifferences.Thisisonereasonwhychangehas（19）comemorequicklytoBlackAmericansas（20）tootherAmericanminorities,becauseofsharpdifferencebetweenthemandtheirwhitecounterparts.

A.takedown

B.turndown

C.cutdown

D.setdown

【答案】1、ways

2、reason

3、present

4、in

5、with

6、addition

7、mixed

8、opening

9、society

10、fewer

11、change

12、though/although

13、readily

14、less

15、substance

16、acceptable

17、Furthermore

18、more

19、not

20、compared

【解析】1、根據(jù)句意可知，這里指人們?cè)谠S多方面都很相似。inmanyways為常見搭配，表示在許多方面。

2、上句提到社會(huì)變革大多發(fā)生在融合了不同種族的人類社會(huì)中，本句是解釋這個(gè)現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的原因。

3、根據(jù)句意：一個(gè)很簡(jiǎn)單的原因是，有更多不同的方法看待存在于第一類社會(huì)中的事物。presentin表示存在于，出現(xiàn)于。

4、in表示在...方面，原文指在興趣方面有更多的想法和分歧。

5、with表示擁有，原文指更多的團(tuán)體和組織擁有不同的信仰。

6、下文的內(nèi)容是對(duì)上文的補(bǔ)充，Inaddition表示補(bǔ)充說明。

7、這里講的是擁有不同種族人群的社會(huì)，用mixed表示混合的。

8、根據(jù)句意：所有這些因素都傾向于通過更多的生活領(lǐng)域來促進(jìn)社會(huì)變革。open表示打開，開放，符合原文句意，by+v-ing形式，所以這里填入opening。

9、本段前半部分提到的是擁有不同種族人群的社會(huì)，這里應(yīng)該指種族單一的社會(huì)。

10、根據(jù)下文，因?yàn)楹芏鄸|西都是一樣的，所以人們很少有機(jī)會(huì)看到變革的必要性或機(jī)會(huì)。fewer和上文的more相對(duì)。

11、根據(jù)原文可知，這里指社會(huì)變革。

12、根據(jù)句意：生活條件可能不令人滿意，但它們至少是一貫的無可爭(zhēng)議的。though/although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

13、根據(jù)句意可知，這里指社會(huì)變革在文化的物質(zhì)方面比在非物質(zhì)方面發(fā)生得更頻繁，也更容易發(fā)生。readily表示容易地。

14、根據(jù)句意，這里指在社會(huì)中不那么基礎(chǔ)的和不那么情緒化的方面。

15、填空處填入的詞應(yīng)和form相對(duì)，form表示形式上的，substance表示實(shí)質(zhì)上的，符合原文語(yǔ)境。

16、根據(jù)下文的strangeelements可推測(cè)，這里應(yīng)填入可接受的，合理的elements。

17、第三段是在前面兩段的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步加深，所以用Furthermore表示還有另一種情況。

18、根據(jù)句意：它更容易出現(xiàn)在持續(xù)的人際關(guān)系中，而不是出現(xiàn)在有明顯差異的人際關(guān)系中。morereadily表示更加容易，符合原文句意。

19、句意：這就是為什么變革在美國(guó)黑人當(dāng)中沒有來更快的原因。

20、原文句意指，跟美國(guó)少數(shù)民族相比較，所以用compared。

16.單選題

Every（）ofamotionpictureistheresponsibilityofthedirector.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.section

B.facet

C.character

D.footage

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)section“截面；部分；部門；地區(qū)；章節(jié)”；B選項(xiàng)facet“面；方面；小平面用”；C選項(xiàng)character“性格，品質(zhì)；特性；角色；[計(jì)]字符”；D選項(xiàng)footage“英尺長(zhǎng)度；連續(xù)鏡頭；以尺計(jì)算長(zhǎng)度”。句意：電影的每一段鏡頭都是導(dǎo)演的責(zé)任。由電影導(dǎo)演的責(zé)任可知此處鏡頭的含義最合適，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Inthelongrun,thenewsystem,whichisuniformandsimpler,willsavemoney.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inthecourseoflongexperience

B.Onaccountoffinancialdifficulties

C.Withtheviewofenrichingthepeople

D.Inthelightofeconomicreckoning

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞義辨析。Inthelongrun表示“從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看”；A項(xiàng)Inthecourseoflongexperience“在長(zhǎng)期經(jīng)驗(yàn)的過程中”，B項(xiàng)Onaccountoffinancialdifficulties“因?yàn)樨?cái)政困難”，C項(xiàng)Withtheviewofenrichingthepeople“以富民的觀點(diǎn)”，D項(xiàng)Inthelightofeconomicreckoning“根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)算”。句意：從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，統(tǒng)一且更簡(jiǎn)單的新系統(tǒng)將節(jié)省資金。因此A項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Theplantsareina(n)（）plasticbox,sothechildrencanobservehowtherootsgrowwithtime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appropriate

B.intricate

C.transparent

D.waterproof

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)appropriate“合適的，適當(dāng)?shù)摹保籅選項(xiàng)intricate“復(fù)雜的，錯(cuò)綜的”；C選項(xiàng)transparent“透明的，顯然的”；D選項(xiàng)waterproof“防水的”。句意：這些植物被放在一個(gè)（）的塑料盒子里，這樣孩子們就可以觀察它們的根是怎么隨著時(shí)間的推移生長(zhǎng)的。通過后半句的“孩子可以觀察它的生長(zhǎng)”可以得出，這個(gè)盒子應(yīng)該是“透明的”才能便于孩子觀察，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.單選題

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.response

B.answer

C.correspondence

D.echo

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。response“反響，反應(yīng)”；answer“回答，答案”；correspondence“通信，一致”；echo“回音”。句意：他刊登在報(bào)紙上的廣告受到了很好的反響，她受到了一百多封申請(qǐng)信。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

20.單選題

SpecialistMusicSchoolsHowtocopewithachildwhoshowsoutstandingmusicalability?It'snotalwaysclearhowbesttodevelopandencouragetheirgift.Manyparentsmayevenfailtorecognizeandrespondtotheirchild'sneeduntilfrustrationexplodesintodifficultoruncooperativebehavior.Andwhilemostschoolsareequippedtodealwithchildrenwhoareespeciallyableinacademicsubjects,themusicallygiftedrequirespecialunderstandingwhichmaynotalwaysbeavailableinanordinaryschoolespeciallyonewheremusicisregardedasasecondaryactivity.Suchchildren—aswellasthosewhoseabilityisactivelyencouragedbyparentsorteachers—maywellbenefitfromtheeducationofferedbyaspecialistmusicschool.

ThefivemusicschoolsinBritainarearelativelyrecentintroduction.Theyaimtoprovideasympatheticenvironmentinwhichgiftedchildrenagedbetweensevenandeighteencandeveloptheirskillstothefullundertheguidanceofprofessionalmusicians.

Childrenatspecialistmusicschoolsspendbetweenonethirdandonehalfofanaveragedayonmusicalactivities,forexample,individuallessons(uptothreehoursaweekonfirstandsecondinstruments),orchestras,chambergroups,voicetraining,conductingandtheory.Theyalsospendseveralhoursadaypracticinginproperlyequippedprivaterooms,sometimeswithateacher.Therestoftheirtimeistakenupwitharestrictedacademicprogram,whichtendstoconcentrateontheessentialsubjects—English,math,basicsciencesandlanguages—?althoughprovisioncanbemadeforstudentswhowishtostudyawiderrangeofsubjects.AllfiveBritishspecialistschoolsareindependent,classesaresmallbynormalschoolstandards,withahighteacher/pupilratio.Mostchildrenattendingspecialistschoolstendtobeboarders,leavinghometolive,eatandsleepfull-timeatschool.Thismeanstheyspendtheirformativeyearsinthecompanyofotherswithsimilaraimsandinterests.

Whatarethedisadvantages?Anobviousproblemisthecost,thefeesarehigh(￡12,000?￡17,000ayearforboarders).However,eachschoolwillmakeeveryeffortwithscholarshipsandotherformsoffinancialassistance,tohelpparentsofoutstandinglygiftedchildrentofindthenecessaryfees.Secondly,notallparentswanttosendtheirchildrentoboardingschool,speciallyataveryearlyage.Almostallthedirectorsofthespecialistschoolsexpressdoubtsaboutthewisdomofadmittingchildrenasyoungassevenintosuchanintenseanddisciplinedenvironment.Theystress,however,thattheirmainaimistoturnout‘roundedandwell-balancedindividuals’.

1.Ifachild'smusicalabilityisnotrecognized___.

2.Whatproblemmaymusicallygiftedchildrenfaceinordinaryschools?

3.Whatmakesspecialistmusicschoolsdifferentfromotherschools?

4.Whatdomostschooldirectorsseeasapossibledisadvantageforpupils?

5.Theunderlinedword‘sympathetic’inparagraphtwomeans___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theabilitymayfadeaway

B.thechildmaymisbehave

C.theparentsmaybecomeanxious

D.thechildmayloseinterest

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Musicisnotseenasanimportantsubject

B.Theiracademicworkmaysuffer

C.Schoolslackmusicalequipment

D.Parentsandteachersdonotworktogether

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thechildrenhavemostlyone-to-onelessons

B.Theirworkingdayislonger

C.Morethanhalfthedayisspentonmusic

D.Arangeofmusicaltrainingisoffered

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theymaynotbematureenoughonarrival

B.Poorchildrenmaybeexcluded

C.Theremaybeadisciplineproblem

D.Theymaylosetheirindividuality

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.pity-showing

B.appreciating

C.understandable

D.beneficial

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段中“Manyparentsmayevenfailtorecognizeandrespondtotheirchild'sneeduntilfrustrationexplodesintodifficultoruncooperativebehavior.”中文翻譯為：許多父母甚至沒有意識(shí)到并回應(yīng)孩子的需求，直到挫折感爆發(fā)成困難或不合作的行為。可以得知B選項(xiàng)“孩子可能會(huì)行為不端”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“inordinaryschools”可以定位到原文第一段“Andwhilemostschoolsareequippedtodealwithchildrenwhoareespeciallyableinacademicsubjects,themusicallygiftedrequirespecialunderstandingwhichmaynotalwaysbeavailableinanordinaryschoolespeciallyonewheremusicisregardedasasecondaryactivity.”中文翻譯為：雖然大多數(shù)學(xué)校都有能力培養(yǎng)在學(xué)科方面特別有能力的孩子，但是音樂天才需要特殊的理解力，這在普通學(xué)校是不可能做到的，尤其是在音樂被視為次要活動(dòng)的學(xué)校里。因此可知A選項(xiàng)“音樂不被視為一門重要的學(xué)科”為正確答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段“Childrenatspecialistmusicschoolsspendbetweenonethirdandonehalfofanaveragedayonmusicalactivities,forexample,individuallessons(uptothreehoursaweekonfirstandsecondinstruments),orchestras,chambergroups,voicetraining,conductingandtheory.”中文翻譯為：個(gè)人課程（每周最多三個(gè)小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)第一和第二樂器）、管弦樂、室內(nèi)樂團(tuán)、聲音訓(xùn)練、指揮和理論。可知C選項(xiàng)“半天以上的時(shí)間都花在了音樂上?！卞e(cuò)誤，以及D選項(xiàng)“提供一系列的音樂培訓(xùn)”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“schooldirectors”可以定位到文章最后一段“Almostallthedirectorsofthespecialistschoolsexpressdoubtsaboutthewisdomofadmittingchildrenasyoungassevenintosuchanintenseanddisciplinedenvironment.”中文翻譯為：幾乎所有專業(yè)學(xué)校的負(fù)責(zé)人都對(duì)讓7歲大的孩子進(jìn)入如此緊張、紀(jì)律嚴(yán)明的環(huán)境的做法表示懷疑。故選A“他們可能在到達(dá)（學(xué)校）時(shí)還不夠成熟?！?/p>

5.詞匯題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“sympathetic”可以定位到根據(jù)文章第二段“Theyaimtoprovideasympatheticenvironmentinwhichgiftedchildrenagedbetweensevenandeighteencandeveloptheirskillstothefullundertheguidanceofprofessionalmusicians.”中文翻譯為：他們的目標(biāo)是提供一個(gè)富有同情心的環(huán)境，讓7-18歲的超常兒童在專業(yè)音樂家的指導(dǎo)下充分發(fā)展他們的技能。sympathetic意為“富有同情心的”，判斷出答案為A項(xiàng)。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

21.單選題

Theseveranceofchurchandstateisabasicprincipleofourgovernment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.integration

B.discrimination

C.separation

D.exposition

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。severance“分離；斷絕；隔離”；A選項(xiàng)integration“集成；整合”；B選項(xiàng)discrimination“歧視；區(qū)別，辨別”；C選項(xiàng)separations“分開；間隔”；D選項(xiàng)exposition“博覽會(huì)；闡述；展覽會(huì)”。句意：政教分離是我國(guó)政府的一項(xiàng)基本原則。severance在這里是“分離”的意思，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

22.問答題

With(A)thewordscientistwemeanonewhoisequipped