2023屆南京市鐘英高三下學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語試卷含解析

2023高考英語模擬試卷注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號和座位號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（B）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼粘貼在答題卡右上角"條形碼粘貼處"。2．作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項的答案信息點涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試題卷上。3．非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4．考生必須保證答題卡的整潔。考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Whenyouaredressedinthelateststyle,dancingtothemostfashionablemusicafterwatchingthelatestfilm,youfeelgreat,______? A．a(chǎn)ren'tyou B．don'tyou C．doyou D．a(chǎn)reyou2．Aheavysandstormisgoingtoenvelopourcity.Itisunwisetohaveyourcar.A．washB．washedC．washingD．towash3．—Tony_______whatIdidannoyingthoughhedidn’tsayanything.—Soyouthinkyouwillhavetomakeanapology?A．couldfind B．shouldhavefoundC．mightfind D．musthavefound4．Theteachercameintotheclassroom_______byhisstudents.A．following B．tobefollowing C．followed D．havingfollowed.5．Afterthreeyearsofpreparationforthe2011Xi’anInternationalHorticulturalExpo(西安園博)會），thecityispresentingtheworld______manypeoplethinkisthegreenSpecialOlympics．A．that B．which C．what D．where6．Scientistshavecometotheconclusion___________thetemperatureonEarthisgettinghigherandhigher.A．What B．thatC．which D．when7．Theinfrastructureprojecthasconsumedsomuchmoneythatwecan'tfindanyfinancialsupportandhaveto______.A．pullout B．pullthroughC．catchup D．catchon8．—Sir,I’mlatebecausemycarbrokedownontheway.—________.I’vehadenoughofyourexcuses.A．Cutitout B．Suityourself C．Youcan’tbeserious D．Itmakessense9．---IwenttoseeTheWanderingEarthlastnight.Itwasfantastic!---Youweresolucky!HowIwishI_____thetickettoo.A．get B．gotC．hadgot D．wouldget10．“Itmighthavesavedmealotofmoney”,Mr.Chensighed,“________timelyfromthestockmarketthisJuly”.A．didIwithdraw B．shouldIwithdrawC．haveIwithdrawn D．hadIwithdrawn11．Notuntilhewentabroadtofurtherhisstudy_______theimportanceofEnglish.A．hashefoundB．hehasfoundC．didhefindD．hehadfound12．---WhereismyChinesebook?IrememberIputithereyesterday.---You_________itinthewrongplace.A．mustput B．shouldhaveputC．mighthaveput D．mightput13．Inordertomakemycompositionclearerandsmoother,myteacheraskedmeto_________theunnecessarywordsandsentences.A．leavealone B．leavebehindC．leaveoff D．leaveout14．ononefootwithyoureyescloseD．a(chǎn)ndyouwillsoonloseyourbalance.A．StandingB．StoodC．TostandD．Stand15．Wepackedallthehooksinwoodenboxessothattheydamaged.A．don’tgetB．won’tgetC．didn’tgetD．wouldn’tget16．The19thPartyCongressdrewupablueprintforChina’sdevelopmentinthenextthreedecadesandmore.thisblueprintintoreality,wemustbedown-to-earthinourapproach,takeonestepatatimeaswemoveforwardanddeliversolidoutcomes.A．TurningB．TurnedC．TurnD．Toturn17．Aftershebecameill,Ifelt______withher—shewascheerywhileIfeltgloomy.A．outoftune B．outofbreath C．outofcuriosity D．outofmind18．Youcangetoffthebusoneortwostops________andwalktherestofthewaytoworkeverydaysoastotakesomeexercise.A．moreearly B．earliest C．early D．earlier19．Itisdifficultforanyofustoeatbetter,exercisemore,andsleepenough,______weknowweshould.A．because B．evenifC．unless D．before20．Ihadhardlyrungthebell________thedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andmysonrushedouttogreetme.A．beforeB．untilC．a(chǎn)sD．since第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21．（6分）Inthemid-2000s,WazeMobileco-founderEhudShabtaireceivedacutting-edge(尖端的)giftfromgirlfriend:aGPS.Theexpensivegiftwassupposedtobehelpful.Butstraightoutofthebox,itwasalreadyoutofdate.Shabtai,acodingenthusiast,hadanimmediatereactiontoreinvent.Shabtai’ssolution?Tobuildanapp.With80millionmonthlyactiveusersgloballyandnearly400,000superuserswhofunctionmuchlikeWikipediavolunteereditors(editingmapsratherthanwords),WazeMobilecaughttheeyeofGoogleasarevolutionaryapproachtonavigation(導(dǎo)航).AcquiredbyGooglein2013,Waze’svaluemainlyliesinitshighrateofuserinvolvement.Unliketraditionalnavigationappsthatsimplyshowdirections,Wazeasksitsuserstoreportaccidentsandotherroadconditionsinrealtime,sootheruserscanavoidthetrafficbyusinganalternativeroute.ThegoalbehindWaze’sapproachisanambitiousone:notjustavoidtraffic,butenditaltogether.Wazeisfindingnewwaystoputitsloyalandactiveuserbasetousetomakethatvisionareality,includingaplantomakecarpooling(拼車)cool.Tobesure,trafficjamsaretroublingpeopleallovertheworld.Wazehasbeenquietlyaheadofthegameforsometime.In2013,whenWazewasjustasmalldigital-mappingbusinesswithlimitedresourcesithadsomethingGoogleMapsandothercompetitorsdidn’t:richerGPSguidancethankstoitsstreamoflivetrafficreportsfromusers.TheseuserswerethebasisofShabtai’splantosolveforhisGPSdevice’s“silent”hardware:hegroundedtheappinsoftwarethatcouldbeperpetuallyupdatedbyusers,anywhereandanytime.WazeCarpoolisgoingstraighttotheheartoftrafficjams,tryingtogetmoredriversofftheroadandintocarpools.Theapphasalreadyconnectedtensofthousandsofrideseekerswithdriverswillingtoferrythemalongasharedroute,andthattrendcouldbetheanswertoatraffic-freefuture.1、WhatdidShabtaidowhenhefoundhisgirlfriend’sgiftoutofdate?A．Heimprovedit.B．Hetookitapart.C．Heputitaway.D．Heuseditanyway.2、WhatsetsWazeMobileapartfromtraditionalnavigationapps?A．Ithasthemostusers.B．Itcanindicatedirections.C．Itreportsroadconditionsinrealtime.D．Mostusershelpedititswords.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“perpetually”inparagraph6probablymean?A．Difficultly.B．Carefully.C．Greatly.D．Constantly.4、Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthetext?A．Theriseofcarpooling.B．Anadvancednavigationapp.C．ThedevelopmentofGoogle.D．Trafficproblemsintheworld.22．（8分）AmericanactressMarisaTomeiwonanAcademyAwardforherworkinthe1992movieMyCousinVinny.Peoplelaughedwhentheysawherfilmcharactertellingaboyfriendthattheyneedtogetmarried.Whymarriage?Becauseherbiologicalclockistickingandshewantsababy.“WellIhatetobringitupbecauseIknowyougotenoughpressureonyoualready.But…weagreedtogetmarriedassoonasyouwonyourfirstcase(lawcase).Meanwhile,tenyearslater…myniece…thedaughterofmysisterisgettingmarried.Mybiologicalclockistickinglikethis(stomp,stomp,stomp).Andthewaythiscaseisgoing…Iain’tnevergettingmarried.”“Lisa,Idon’tneedthis.IsweartoGodIdon’tneedthisrightnow.”Usingitthisway,abiologicalclockmeansthetimeinawoman’slifewhensheisabletobearchildren.Inthenot-so-distantpast,mostpeoplethoughtthatwhenawomanreachedher40sitwastoolateforhertohavechildren.Thetimeonherbiologicalclockhadrunout.Well,thathaschanged.Thesedayssomewomenareresettingtheirbiologicalclocks.Theyaregivingthemselvesmoretimetohavechildren.Makenomistake.Beinga“SingleMotherbyChoice”isverydifferentfromyoungerwomenwhofindthemselvespregnant,perhapsnotbychoice.Generallyspeaking,singlemothersbychoiceareolderandwelleducated.Theyareusuallyfinanciallysecureandsuccessfulintheircareers.So,theyhavethemoney.Whattheymaynothaveisapartner.ThisistheplaceinlifewherewriterKerryReichsfoundherselfseveralyearsago.Shesaysshedidnotplantobecomeasinglemother.Shesaysshejustdidnotfindtherightpartner.“Well,IthinkIhadasetofstandardsforthepartnerIwaslookingforandIdidn’tmeetanyonethatfitthosestandards.And,at39Ifoundmyselfsingle,withoutchildrenandIwantedthemverymuch.So,ImadethedifficultdecisionthatIcoulddothisonmyown.1、Accordingtothepassage,whatisabiologicalclock?A．It’saclockmadeofbiologicalmatters.B．Itreferstoawomen’scertainlifeperiod.C．Itrecordswhenwomenneedtobearchildren.D．Itreferstoawomaninher40s.2、Accordingtothepassage,inthepast,whenawomanreachedher40s,________.A．shecan’tgetmarried. B．shemightnotbeabletohavechildren.C．herbiologicalclockwillneedtobereset. D．herstatusofbeingasinglemotherisdifficult.3、Whatdoes“SingleMotherbyChoice”mean?A．Itmeanssinglemothershaveachoice.B．Itmeanssinglemothersarepregnantbychance.C．Itmeanssinglewomenintheirlate30sorearly40sdecidedtohavechildren.D．Itmeanswomenwanttomakeachoice.4、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Choosingtobeasinglemother. B．Awoman’sbiologicalclock.C．Gettingmarriedbyforce. D．Singlewomenwantingmarriage.23．（8分）Groupexerciseisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoimprovephysicalfitnessandsustainahealthylifestyle.Groupexerciseischallenging,yetfunandempowering!Ofcourseeveryoneknowsthatexerciseisgoodforthebody.However,studieshaveshownthatwhenexerciseisperformedingroups,it'snotonlygreatforimprovingphysicalhealthbutforpsychologicalhealth.It'sanopportunitytobesocial,releaseendorphins,andimproveyourstrength.Additionally,groupexercisecreatesacommunityfeelandthesharedcommongoalmotivatesparticipantstoworkhard.Theinstrumentalsupportoftakingonafitnessjourneywithothersprovesmoreeffectivethangoingtothegymalone.Anotherbeneficialaspectofgroupexerciseistheinformationalsupportparticipantsreceivefromtheinstructor.Manypeoplefearthegymbecausetheyfeellostanddon'twanttoembarrassthemselves.Ifyoufeelyoucanrelate,thengrouptrainingisanevenbetteroptionforyou.It'sagreatopportunitytolearnmoreaboutfitnessthroughtheclearinstructionandsupervisionofafitnessinstructor.Ifyou'retiredofwanderingaroundthegymwastingtimeandbecomingbored,!youcanattendanupbeatgroupfitnessclassthat'llkeepyourworkoutontrack.Don'tletfitnessfrightenyou!Ifyou'reseriousaboutwantingtoliveahealthylifestyle,it'sextremelyimportanttosurroundyourselfwithpeoplewho'llprovideyouwiththeproperemotionalsupport.Iwouldn'tscoldanyonefordecidingtopartyonweekendsandinturnIwouldn'texpectanyonetogiveoffencetomeforfocusingonmyhealth.Surroundyourselfwithpeoplewhouplift,encourageandunderstandyou!Makefitnessevenmorefunbytryingsomethingneworanygroupfitnessclass,withafriend.Plantogoforajogtogether.Thentryafunhealthyrestaurantorfreshjuicebar!Fitnesscanbebothfunandsocial!Surroundingyourselfwithpeoplewho'llprovideyouwithrespectsupportcanbeverybeneficialwhileworkingtowardsreachinghealthandfitnessgoals.First,decidetodoitforyourselfandworktowardsstayingpositive.Thenmakesurethepeopleyousurroundyourselfwitharesupportive.Don'tletnegativityruinyourmotivation.1、Thefirstparagraphfocuseson.A．thegreatestchallengeofgroupexerciseB．themosteffectivewaytoimprovephysicalfitnessC．thecontributionofgroupexercisetopsychologicalhealthD．thesharedcommongoalinperformingexerciseingroups2、Theunderlinedword"upbeat"inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans"A．cheerful B．a(chǎn)verage C．serious D．temporal3、Whenitcomestoemotionalsupport,theauthorthinksitnecessaryA．tosustainacolorfullifestyleB．topartyonweekendswithpositivepeopleC．totryafunhealthyrestaurantregularlyD．tosurroundyourselfwithsupportivepeople4、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．SeekingSupport B．SupportingHealthC．ImprovingYourStrength D．BuildingUpFitness24．（8分）Feelingsoftenrunhighwhereinsectsareconcerned,withmanypeopleevensickwhenseeingthem,letalonetouchorswallowthem.Andyetinsectspresentahugenutritionalopportunityasanincreasingglobalpopulationseeksmoresourcesoffoodandfeed.Insectshavegenerallyhighlevelsofanimalproteinandkeymicronutrientswithlowerenvironmentalfootprintsthantraditionalalternatives,andtheycanberaisedonleftovers.Butcultural,socialandeconomicproblemsremain,reportsanarticlepublishedtodayinNutritionBulletin.“Insectspresentanutritionalopportunity,butitisunclearhowtheirnutritionalqualityisinfluencedbywhattheyarefed,”saysDarjaDobermann,aresearcherattheUniversityofNottingham.“Inidealconditions,insectshaveasmallerenvironmentalimpactthanmosttraditionalwesternformsofanimalprotein;lessknownishowtoraiseinsectproductionwhilemaintainingtheseenvironmentalbenefits.”“Studiesoverallshowthatinsectscouldmakevaluableeconomicandnutritionalcontributionstothefoodorfeedsystems,buttherearenoclearregulationsinplacetobringinsectsintosuchsupplysystemswithoutthemturningintoamoreexpensiveversionofpoultry（家禽）forfood,”saysDobermann.Thearticlehighlightshowinsectshavebeenasourceoffoodforhundredsofyearsinmorethan100countrieswithover2,000speciesthatcanbeeaten;incentralAfrica,upto50%ofdietaryproteinhascomefrominsects,withtheirmarketvaluehigherthanmanyalternativesourcesofanimalprotein.Insectsneedtobelargeenoughtomaketheeffortofcatchingthemworthwhileandeasytolocate,preferablyinpredictablylargequantities.Theyareconsumedatvariouslifestages,asraw,fried,boiled,roastedorgroundfood.1、Whichofthefollowingistheadvantageofraisinginsectsforfood?A．Itwillofferpeopleworkopportunities.B．Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.C．Itwillreplacetraditionalfood.D．Itwillresultinlessleftovers2、WhatcanbeinferredfromDobermann’swords?A．Raisinginsectsforfoodhasbecomepopular.B．Raisinginsectscan’tsolvefoodproblems.C．Moreshouldbedonetoraiseinsectsforfood.D．Moremoneycanbemadebyraisinginsects.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph4standfor?A．Insects. B．Regulations.C．Feedsystems. D．Supplysystems.4、Whichisthepossibletitleofthispassage?A．HowtoRaiseInsects B．RaisingInsectsforMoneyC．InsectsSeemNoLongerUgly D．ANewSourceofFood25．（10分）IfEnglishmeansendlessnewwords,difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation,youarewrong.Haven’tyounoticedthatyouhavebecomesmartersinceyoustartedtolearnalanguage?AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learningasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter.Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichprocessesinformation.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles.Thestudyalsofoundtheeffectisgreater,theyoungerpeoplelearnasecondlanguage.AteamledbyDrAndreaMichelle,fromUniversityCollegeLondon,tookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof“earlybilinguals”whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensity(密度)inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithoutasecondlanguage.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,thesmallerthedifference.“Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructureofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguage,”saidthescientists.Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofWaleshasresearchedthelinkbetweenbilingualismandmathsskills.“Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible(靈活的).”hesaid.“Youareactuallygoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunderstandingofdifferentideas.”ThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeakerswhohadlearnedEnglishasasecondlanguagebetweentheagesoftwoand34.Reading,writing,andcomprehensionwerealltested.Theresultsshowedthattheyoungertheystartedtolearn,thebetter.“Studyingalanguagemeansyougetanentrancetoanotherworld,”explainedthescientists.1、Themainsubjecttalkedaboutinthispassageis______.A．scienceonlearningasecondlanguageB．man’sabilityoflearningasecondlanguageC．languagecanhelpbrainpowerD．languagelearningandmathsstudy2、Inthesecondparagraph,thewritermentions“exercise”inorderto______.A．saylanguageisalsoakindofphysicallaborB．provethatoneneedsmorepracticewhenhe(she)islearningalanguageC．toshowtheimportanceofusingthelanguagewhenyoulearnthelanguageD．makepeoplebelievelanguagelearninghelpsgreymatterworkwell3、Theunderlinedword“bilingual”probablymeans______.A．a(chǎn)researcheronlanguagelearningB．a(chǎn)personwhoisgoodatlearningforeignlanguagesC．a(chǎn)personwhocanspeaktwolanguagesD．a(chǎn)nactivelanguagelearner第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項．26．（30分）Abouttwoyearsago,IwasatastopsignwhenIheardwhimpering(微弱的狗叫聲)comingfrominsideacarparkedonthestreetnexttome.Itwasvery1andthedogwastryingtogetsomeofthecoolerfreshairoutsidethecar.WithoutthinkingI2mycarandgotouttohelphim.Thecarwaslockedandtherewasnowayto3thedog.ThinkingoftheirresponsibleownerIbecame4Ididn’tknowifIshould5thewindowandtakethedogortrytocontact(聯(lián)系)theowner.Justthen,I6apolicecarontheoppositesideofthestreet.Iranoutandflaggeditdown.Whenthepoliceofficerhelpedopenthedoor,thedog7bothofusandranquicklybehindthehousethecarwasparkedinfrontof.We8thedogtomakesurehewasOK.Thenwesaw9thedoghadrun:Thedog’sownerwas10inthemiddleofhisgarage.Apparentlythemanhadaconditionthatcausedhimtohavea(n)11Thisonewasparticularly12andrequiredmedicalattention.AftertheincidentIlearnedthathadInot13,boththedogandthemanwouldlikelyhavedied.Iwasovercomewith14andmyeyesswelledup.Irealizedhowmuchofaneffectyoucanhaveonotherpeople’slivesbydoingthe15thing.Iwassoquickto16assumingthedog’sownerwasneglecting(疏忽)hispet.AndhadthepoliceofficernothavebeenaroundImayhavejustlefta(n)17onthecarafterItookthedog.Icannot18whatIwouldfeelifIknewthatmanhaddiedbecauseofanynumberofthingsthatmayhavewent19Itmademeunderstandthatthingsarenotalwaysasthey20.1、A．hot B．dark C．quite D．dry2、A．drove B．parked C．took D．locked3、A．find B．save C．walk D．touch4、A．sad B．bored C．puzzled D．a(chǎn)ngry5、A．break B．open C．clean D．replace6、A．hit B．called C．stopped D．noticed7、A．disappointed B．frightened C．surprised D．excited8、A．wentafter B．lookedafter C．shoutedat D．pointedat9、A．how B．why C．when D．where10、A．lying B．sleeping C．standing D．working11、A．opportunity B．rest C．a(chǎn)ttack D．fight12、A．bad B．strange C．important D．clear13、A．known B．continued C．stayed D．helped14、A．uncertainty B．a(chǎn)nxiety C．exhaustion D．emotion15、A．right B．hard C．risky D．big16、A．a(chǎn)ct B．judge C．blame D．a(chǎn)gree17、A．note B．a(chǎn)ddress C．mark D．number18、A．believe B．imagine C．face D．remember19、A．quickly B．perfectly C．differently D．smoothly20、A．seem B．happen C．expect D．prefer第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）ChinaisknownastheKingdomofBamboo.Morethan400speciesofbamboo，onethirdofallknownspeciesintheworld，growinChina.China1．（lead）theworldintheamountofareaplantedwithbamboo，thenumberofbambootreesandtheamountofbamboowood2．（produce）everyyear.Theoldestbamboo3．（article）inChinawereunearthedfromtheremainsofaprimitivesocietythatexistedsome7，000yearsagoin4．isnowHemudu，YuyaoCounty，ZhejiangProvince.AsearlyastheShangDynasty，Chinesepeopleusedthebambooformakingweapons，suchasbowsandarrows.Beforepaper5．（invent），stripsofbamboowerethemostimportantwritingmedium，morewidelyusedthansilk，6．theywerecheaper，resistanttocorrosion（腐蝕），andmoreabundant.BamboohasthusplayedanimportantpartinthespreadanddevelopmentoftraditionalChineseculture.Bamboowas7．（close）connectedwiththedailylivesofpeopleinancientChina.SuDongpo，aliterarygiantoftheSongDynasty，saidthatpeoplecouldnotlive8．bamboo，andpeopleofthetimeusedbamboo9．（make）paper，hats，shoesandsoon.Atthattime，astoday，bambooshootswereeatenasapopulardishbecauseof10．（they）crispnessandfresh，sweettaste.Bambooshootsalsocontainvitamins，sugar，fat，andprotein.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號（∧），并在此符號下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。LastweekendIwenttotheSummerPalaceasusually、Ataboutnoon,IwasenjoyingmyreadingnearalakewhilesuddenlyIhearsomeonecryingforhelp、Iwentuptoseewhatwash