2023版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)新題精練專題二七選五課件

專題二七選五

考點(diǎn)1細(xì)節(jié)句和過(guò)渡句

話題:用音樂(lè)對(duì)抗霸凌主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)詞數(shù):約303

[2022遼寧鐵嶺六校聯(lián)考]"Musiciswhereeverythingstarted,"SamiraHortonsays.?1Shehasbeenrappingandperformingsinceshewas6yearsold."Throughmusic,"DJAnnieRedsays,"Icanexpressmyselfandletoutmyemotion."

Therisinghip-hopstarusesmusictoshareamessageaboutbullying(霸凌)."Iwasbulliedalot,"shesays,"eventoday,especiallybecauseofmyvoice."DJAnnieRedhasadeepvoice.

?2ButDJAnnieRedhasfoundawaytoriseabovetheirruderemarks.Insteadofthinkingofhervoiceasaweakness,sheusesittospreadheranti-bullyingmessagefarandwide.

?3Shepostshermusiconline,too.Shelikestogivestudentsarhythmicandinteractiveshowwhileteachingthemhowtoovercomebullying."Itmakesthemfeellikethey'renotalone."

DJAnnieRedbelievesthatstandinguptobullyingismoreimportantthanever.?4"Youdon'thavetoshowyourfaceatall,"shesays."Someonecouldeasilybeaffectedbythat."

5Shebelievesthatkidsofhergenerationcanmakethingsbetterbyfindingtheirpassions,andusingthosepassionstoinspirechanges,asshehas."Kids'beingmoreconfidentinthemselvesandwantingtodosomethingthattheyreallyenjoydoingissomethingthatmotivatesmetokeepdoingwhatIdo."

注：屬于本考點(diǎn)的試題用

?突出標(biāo)記。

Passage1

A.Butsheseesabrighterfutureahead.B.Peoplehavetoldhershesoundslikeaboy.C.Sheencourageskidsofallagestostanduptobullying.D.DJAnnieRedhasperformedatschools,festivalsandpro-basketballgames.E.Her2017book,TheBullyStop,isbasedonhersong"NoYouWon'tBullyMe".F.The13-year-oldfromBrooklyn,NewYork,isknowntotheworldasDJAnnieRed.G.That'sbecausepeoplecanbullyothersonsocialmediawhilehidingbehindausername.Passage1【考點(diǎn)突破】細(xì)節(jié)支撐性句子注重考查上下文邏輯,過(guò)渡性句子注重考查文章結(jié)構(gòu)。在七選五中,對(duì)于過(guò)渡句的考查主要包括段落內(nèi)過(guò)渡句和段落間過(guò)渡句?？忌鷳?yīng)先厘清句際邏輯關(guān)系與段落層次,然后根據(jù)文章語(yǔ)句間的意義關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析,還可借助句子之間的連接性詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行分析,判斷題目的考查方向。針對(duì)考查細(xì)節(jié)句的題目,考生可通過(guò)分析上下文具體內(nèi)容以及選項(xiàng)表述的重點(diǎn)選擇正確答案。解答段落內(nèi)過(guò)渡句時(shí),要仔細(xì)閱讀設(shè)空處前后相鄰的內(nèi)容,挖掘內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系,注意銜接詞和體現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞,然后與選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞建立聯(lián)系;解答段落間過(guò)渡句時(shí),要閱讀上一段的段尾和下一段的內(nèi)容,注意銜接詞和體現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞,然后與選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞建立聯(lián)系。銜接詞與體現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞:①并列與遞進(jìn)關(guān)系:firstly,secondly,thirdly,first,then,next,finally,atlast,intheend,inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,foronething,foranother,and,also,not...but,furthermore,either...or,neither...nor,notonly...butalso,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse等。②因果關(guān)系:so,therefore,thus,hence,consequently,asaresult等。③轉(zhuǎn)折與讓步關(guān)系:however,nevertheless,though,yet,inspiteof,onthecontrary,otherwise,while,ratherthan,evenif,despite等。

答案

本文是一篇記敘文,講述了聞名世界的DJAnnieRed對(duì)待霸凌的態(tài)度,以及她如何用音樂(lè)來(lái)對(duì)抗霸凌。

1.F考查細(xì)節(jié)句?？涨笆荢amiraHorton說(shuō)的話,空后介紹她從6歲開始說(shuō)唱,那么本空也應(yīng)是對(duì)SamiraHorton的介紹,F項(xiàng)"這個(gè)來(lái)自紐約布魯克林的13歲女孩,作為DJAnnieRed聞名于世界"符合語(yǔ)境,故選F項(xiàng)。2.B考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)上文的"Iwasbulliedalot""especiallybecauseofmyvoice"和"DJAnnieRedhasadeepvoice"可知,DJAnnieRed因低沉的聲音而遭受霸凌,本空應(yīng)是人們對(duì)于她的聲音的惡評(píng),B項(xiàng)"人們說(shuō)她的聲音像男生的聲音"符合語(yǔ)境,且B項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容與下文中的"theirruderemarks"相呼應(yīng),故選B項(xiàng)。3.D考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)下文可知,她也將她的音樂(lè)傳到網(wǎng)上去,根據(jù)空后一句中的"too"可以推知,本空介紹的也是她的表演方式,D項(xiàng)"DJAnnieRed在學(xué)校、會(huì)演以及職業(yè)籃球比賽上表演"符合語(yǔ)境,故選D項(xiàng)。4.G考查過(guò)渡句。空前說(shuō)勇敢對(duì)抗霸凌比以前更重要,空后提到不需要露臉,G項(xiàng)"這是因?yàn)槿藗兛梢远阍谟脩裘澈笤谏缃幻襟w上霸凌別人"承上啟下,解釋了對(duì)抗霸凌比以前更重要的原因,同時(shí)又引出下文,那些霸凌別人的人躲在用戶名背后,完全不需要露臉。故選G項(xiàng)。5.A考查主題句。上文提到網(wǎng)絡(luò)霸凌對(duì)人的傷害;空后指出,她認(rèn)為她這一代的孩子能通過(guò)找到熱情來(lái)讓事情朝更好的方向發(fā)展,并且他們可以用這些熱情來(lái)做出一些改變。本空與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,且本句為本段的主題句,說(shuō)明事情會(huì)朝好的方向發(fā)展,因此A項(xiàng)"但是她卻看到了前方更光明的未來(lái)"符合語(yǔ)境,故選A項(xiàng)。

話題:保護(hù)海牛主題語(yǔ)境:人與自然核心素養(yǎng):文化意識(shí)詞數(shù):約310

[2022河北石家莊一檢]WildlifeworkersinFloridaarefeedingmanatees(海牛)tokeepthemfromstarving.?1Sofar,therescueworkershavealreadygivenout25tonsoflettuce.Manateesarehugeseamammalsthatcanbeaslongas4meterswhenmature.?2Inspiteoftheirsize,manateesonlyeatplantsthatliveinthesea.That'sonereasonwhythey'resometimescalled"seacows".

ButFlorida'smanateeshavebeenontheUSgovernment'slistofendangeredanimalssince1967.Mostthreatstomanateescomefromhumans.Oneofthebiggestproblemsfacedbythecreaturesisboats.Manateesarecuriousandfairlyslow,whichhasledtothousandsofmanateesbeinginjuredorkilled.

3Atonepoint,therewereonlyabout2,000manateesleftinFlorida.Butby2016,therewereroughly8,800manatees.

Butnowmanateesarefacinganewchallenge:theycan'tgetenoughtoeat.Manyofthebedsofseagrasshavebeenkilledbypollution.Seagrassbegantodisappeararound2011.Warmingseas,combinedwithpollutedwaterandfertilizers(肥料)thathavebeenwashedofffarmlands,havecreatedhugegrowthofalgae(海藻)ontheocean'ssurface.?4

Lastyear,1,101manateesdiedfromstarving.?5Manyofthemanateesthatremainaresothinthatoftentheyhavetroubleswimming.

Passage2

So,wildlifeexpertscameupwithaplantogetfoodforthemanatees.Theydecidedtofeedthemgreenvegetableslikelettuceandcabbage.Inthelongterm,Floridaisworkingtohelprestoreseagrassbeds.Butthatwilltaketime.A.Thatwasarecord.B.Theycanweighupto590kilograms.C.Thefeedingstationhasbeenverysuccessful.D.Withprotection,manateesmanagedtobounceback.E.Theyblockthesunlightthatallowstheseagrasstogrow.F.Butfeedingthesemassiveseacreaturestakesalotoffood.G.Researchneedstobedonetodeterminewhatfoodwouldbebest.Passage2本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,講述了佛羅里達(dá)州野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)者通過(guò)給海牛喂食來(lái)避免它們?cè)馐莛囸I,從而促進(jìn)海牛種群數(shù)量的增加。1.F考查過(guò)渡句。空前一句講到了"佛羅里達(dá)州的野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)者正喂養(yǎng)海牛以防止它們挨餓",而空后則講到了"到目前為止,救援人員已經(jīng)發(fā)放了25噸萵苣",因此,F項(xiàng)"但是,喂養(yǎng)這些大型海洋生物特別費(fèi)食物"承上啟下,符合語(yǔ)境。2.B考查細(xì)節(jié)句?？涨耙痪渲v到了"海牛是大型海洋哺乳動(dòng)物,成年海牛身長(zhǎng)達(dá)4米",而空后一句講到了"盡管它們體型龐大,卻只吃海洋植物",因此,空處應(yīng)該還會(huì)講到海牛的體型,故B項(xiàng)"它們(海牛)可能重達(dá)590千克"符合語(yǔ)境。3.D考查主題句。根據(jù)第一段可知,佛羅里達(dá)州的野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)者正喂養(yǎng)海牛,結(jié)合空后的"Atonepoint,therewereonly...8,800manatees"可知,通過(guò)野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)者的努力,海牛的數(shù)量有反彈,故D項(xiàng)能概括本段主旨,符合語(yǔ)境。4.E考查細(xì)節(jié)句。本段講到了海牛面臨的新挑戰(zhàn),結(jié)合空前一句中的"海洋表面的海藻大量生長(zhǎng)"可知,空處應(yīng)該會(huì)講到海藻泛濫帶來(lái)的危害,故E項(xiàng)"它們(海藻)擋住了使海草能夠生長(zhǎng)的陽(yáng)光"符合語(yǔ)境。5.A考查細(xì)節(jié)句?？涨耙痪渲v到了"去年1101頭海牛死于饑餓",A項(xiàng)"那是一個(gè)紀(jì)錄"是對(duì)空前一句的評(píng)價(jià),符合語(yǔ)境。答案

話題:與大學(xué)室友相處主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)詞數(shù):約312

[2022廣東汕頭一模]Havingacollegeroommateismostpeople'sfirstexperiencelivingwithsomeonewhoisnotrelatedtothem.Itcomeswithbothbenefitsandchallenges.?1Yougetaninstantfriend,someonetokeepyoucompanyduringyourfirsttimeawayfromhome.However,youalsoruntheriskofbeingmatchedwithsomeoneyoufinditdifficulttogetalongwellwith.Eitherway,here'ssomegoodadvice:

Establishsomerules

?2Inthisway,youandyourroommateareclearonwhattodotoavoidconflict.Establishwhatspaceiswhose,whenyouneedquiettimetostudy,whichitemsyoucanshare,whattimeyougotobed,andwho'sallowedtoeatwhatintherefrigerator.

Practicedirectcommunication

Dormroomsareclosequarters,soevenifyougetalongwithyourroommate,thereisboundtobeadisagreementortwo.?3Youcan'texpectyourroommatetobeamind-reader,soifyougetupsetorfrustrated,communicateittoyourroommaterightaway.

?4

You'llfindsuchawaygetsabetterresponsethanifyoujustattackorcriticize.

Passage3

Compromise(妥協(xié))sometimes

Whenitcomestodoingchoresaroundtheroom,listeningtocertainkindsofmusic,watchingdifferentTVshowsandrequestingprivacy,compromiseiskey.Ifyougivealittle,yourroommatewillgivealittle.Compromisingdoesnotrefertogivingintoallofsomeone'srequests.

?5

So,talkthroughthethingsyouandyourroommatedifferonuntilyoucanreachacompromise.

A.Makeyourpreferencesknownfromthestart.

B.Instead,itmeanscomingtoacommonagreement.

C.Handlesuchconflictswithopencommunication.

D.Itreferstopersuadingotherstoacceptyouropinion.

E.Usearespectfultoneandchooseyourwordscarefully.

F.Inthissituation,listeningtoyourroommateisveryimportant.

G.Gettingalongwithyourroommatecanenhanceyourcollegeexperience.這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文闡述了擁有大學(xué)室友既有好處也有挑戰(zhàn),作者就如何與室友相處、避免發(fā)生沖突給出了一些建議。Passage3答案1.G考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)上文可知,擁有大學(xué)室友既有好處,又有挑戰(zhàn);根據(jù)下文可知,你也會(huì)面臨與你覺(jué)得很難友好相處的人相匹配的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),這是擁有大學(xué)室友的一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn),那么本空可能敘述擁有大學(xué)室友的一個(gè)好處,G項(xiàng)"與你的室友相處可以豐富你的大學(xué)經(jīng)歷"符合語(yǔ)境,故選G項(xiàng)。2.A考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題"Establishsomerules"以及空后一句"Inthisway,youandyourroommateareclearonwhattodotoavoidconflict"可知,A項(xiàng)"從一開始就說(shuō)明你的偏好"符合語(yǔ)境,說(shuō)明制定規(guī)則的目的是從一開始就讓你的室友知道你的偏好,用這樣的方法可以避免與室友沖突,且該選項(xiàng)中的"known"與空后一句中的"areclear"相呼應(yīng)。故選A項(xiàng)。3.C考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題"Practicedirectcommunication"和空后一句"Youcan'texpect...rightaway"可知,C項(xiàng)"以開放的溝通方式處理此類沖突"符合本段主旨,且與下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系,故選C項(xiàng)。4.E考查過(guò)渡句。根據(jù)上文可知,你不能指望你的室友是一個(gè)會(huì)讀心術(shù)的人,所以如果你感到失望或沮喪,立即向你的室友表達(dá)出來(lái);根據(jù)下文可知,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣的方式與攻擊或批評(píng)相比能得到更好的回應(yīng),E項(xiàng)"用尊重的語(yǔ)氣,并且斟酌用語(yǔ)"符合本段主旨,且承上啟下,故選E項(xiàng)。5.B考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)空前一句可知,妥協(xié)并不意味著對(duì)別人的所有要求都做出讓步,B項(xiàng)"相反,這意味著互相達(dá)成共識(shí)"與前一句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故選B項(xiàng)。

話題:輪滑

主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)

核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)

詞數(shù):約290

[2022河北保定一模]Rollerbladingisanexcellentsportthatjustaboutanyonecanenjoy.Experienceandtypesofskatingrangeindifficultyfromsimplerecreationalskatingtoamuchmoreaggressivestyleofskating.

Afteryouhavemasteredthebasicsofrollerblading,youcanbegintomasterthesport.?1However,someathletesprefertoperfecttheirsportandcompeteintheirchosensport.

Thesportofrollerbladinghasmanyvariations(變體)andstylesthatallowcompetition.?2Alsoknownasurbanskating,freeskatingissetinanurbansettingandparticipantsmusttravelthroughstreetsandtravelaroundanyobstacleasfastaspossibleinordertoreachthefinish.?3Jumps,slidesandgrindsarebasictricksfreestyleskatersoftenuse.

4

Itisspeciallyenjoyedbyskaterswhopreferperformingtricksandchallengingmovements.Aggressiveskatingcanbeperformedinanurbansetting,likefreeskating,andthisstyleisoftencalledstreetskating.Aggressiveskaterscanalsobefoundatskateparksperformingtricksontheobstaclescreatedspecificallytocatertotricks.

Streetskatersuseanytypeofurbanobstacletoperformamazingtricksrangingfromjumpsandslidestogrindsandairs.Competitionsinaggressiveskatingrequirecontestantstoperformincreasinglydifficultanddangeroustricksinordertooutmatch(勝過(guò),擊敗)theircompetitors.

5

Passage4

A.Eachstylerequiresdifferentequipment.

B.Aggressiveskatingisanotherpopularformofthesport.

C.Soaggressiveskatingisoneofthemostentertainingsportstowatch.

D.Manyfreestyleskaterscanalsoraceoniceastheseasonschange.

E.Manypeopleenjoyrollerbladingjustforthesimplepleasureofexercise.

F.Freeskatingisatypeaboutskatingfromstarttofinishasfastaspossible.

G.Inadditiontoemphasizingspeed,freeskatingoftenincludesdifferenttricks.

Passage4

這是一篇說(shuō)明文,本文主要講了兩種不同類型的輪滑——自由式輪滑和極限輪滑。1.E考查細(xì)節(jié)句。空后的"However"表明空后與空處形成了轉(zhuǎn)折,根據(jù)空后的"someathletesprefertoperfecttheirsportandcompeteintheirchosensport"可知,E項(xiàng)"很多人喜歡輪滑僅僅是為了運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來(lái)的簡(jiǎn)單的快樂(lè)"符合語(yǔ)境。2.F考查細(xì)節(jié)句?？涨盀楸径蔚闹行木?根據(jù)空前的"rollerbladinghasmanyvariations(變體)andstyles"可知,空處會(huì)講到輪滑種類中的一種,再根據(jù)空后的"Alsoknownasurbanskating,freeskatingis...reachthefinish"可知,空處講到的類型應(yīng)該是freeskating,故選F項(xiàng)。3.G考查過(guò)渡句。G項(xiàng)中的"Inadditiontoemphasizingspeed"呼應(yīng)空前的"travelaroundanyobstacleasfastaspossible",而"includesdifferenttricks"引出空后的"Jumps,slidesandgrindsarebasictricks",故G項(xiàng)承上啟下,符合語(yǔ)境。4.B考查主題句。根據(jù)空后的"Itisspeciallyenjoyedbyskaterswhopreferperformingtricksandchallengingmovements.Aggressiveskatingcanbe...isoftencalledstreetskating"可知,空后的It指的應(yīng)該是aggressiveskating,空處應(yīng)涉及對(duì)極限輪滑的簡(jiǎn)要介紹,故選B項(xiàng)。5.C考查結(jié)論句。結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容可知,本段主要講了極限輪滑要使用障礙來(lái)展現(xiàn)技巧,選手還需要展現(xiàn)高難度且危險(xiǎn)的技巧才能打敗競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手,故C項(xiàng)"所以,極限輪滑是觀看起來(lái)最有趣的運(yùn)動(dòng)之一"符合語(yǔ)境。答案

話題:目標(biāo)與系統(tǒng)主題語(yǔ)境:人與自我核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)詞數(shù):約312

[2022福建福州三模]Weallhavethingsthatwewanttoachieveinourlives.?1Atleast,thisishowIapproachedmylifegoalsuntilrecently.

WhatI'mstartingtorealize,however,isthatwhenitcomestoactuallygettingthingsdoneandmakingprogressintheareasthatareimportanttoyou,thereisamuchbetterwaytodothings.Itallcomesdowntothedifferencebetweengoalsandsystems.?2Yoursystemisthewritingschedulethatyoufolloweachweek.Ifyoucompletelyignoredyourgoalsandfocusedonlyonyoursystem,wouldyoustillgetresults?Ithinkyouwould.

?3Inthelast12months,I'vewrittenover115,000words.Thetypicalbookisabout50,000to60,000words,soIhavewrittenenoughtofilltwobooksthisyear.AllofthisissuchasurprisebecauseIneversetagoalformywriting.Ididn'tmeasuremyprogressinrelationtosomebenchmark.?4Ineversaid,"Iwanttowritetwobooksthisyear."WhatIdidfocusonwaswritingonearticleeveryMondayandThursday.Ifocusedonmysystemandtheprocessofdoingthework.Intheend,Ienjoyedthesame(orperhapsbetter)results.

Goalsaregoodforplanningyourprogressandsystemsaregoodforactuallymakingprogress.Havingasystemiswhatmatters.5

Passage5

A.Noneofthisistosaythatgoalsareuseless.

B.Ifyou'reawriter,yourgoalistowriteabook.

C.Forgetaboutpredictingthefutureandbuildasystem.

D.Ineversetawordcountgoalforanyparticulararticle.

E.Committingtotheprocessiswhatmakesthedifference.

F.Andformostofus,thepathtothosethingsstartsbysettingaspecificgoal.

G.Asanexample,IjustaddedupthetotalwordcountforthearticlesI'vewrittenthisyear.

本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者以自己寫作的經(jīng)歷告訴我們:目標(biāo)固然重要,但是專注于系統(tǒng)和過(guò)程,堅(jiān)持不懈地做才更重要。1.F考查過(guò)渡句?？涨傲信e了我們?cè)谏钪邢胍獙?shí)現(xiàn)的事情,而空后一句提到"至少直到最近,我都是這樣接近我的生活目標(biāo)的",由此可知,空處承上啟下,說(shuō)明了實(shí)現(xiàn)這些事情的方法,F項(xiàng)中的"thosethings"指的正是上文中的"thingsthatwewanttoachieveinourlives",且F項(xiàng)中的"aspecificgoal"與空后一句中的"goals"相呼應(yīng)。故選F。

Passage5答案2.B考查過(guò)渡句。根據(jù)空前一句"Itallcomesdowntothedifferencebetweengoalsandsystems"可知,目標(biāo)和系統(tǒng)之間有差異,而空后一句提到了與寫作有關(guān)的系統(tǒng),那么空處承上啟下,說(shuō)的應(yīng)是目標(biāo),且與寫作有關(guān)。由此可知,B項(xiàng)"如果你是一個(gè)作家,你的目標(biāo)是寫一本書"符合語(yǔ)境,故選B。3.G考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)下文中的"Inthelast12months,I'vewrittenover115,000words.Thetypicalbookisabout50,000to60,000words,soIhavewrittenenoughtofilltwobooksthisyear"可知,作者應(yīng)是將過(guò)去12個(gè)月的寫作字?jǐn)?shù)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算,因此,G項(xiàng)"舉個(gè)例子,我剛剛把我今年寫的文章的總字?jǐn)?shù)加起來(lái)"符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。4.D考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)上文中的"Ineversetagoalformywriting.Ididn'tmeasuremyprogressinrelationtosomebenchmark"和下文中的"Ineversaid,‘Iwanttowritetwobooksthisyear.’"可知,空處也應(yīng)是否定句,且上文提到了作者今年的寫作總字?jǐn)?shù),同時(shí)根據(jù)"Ididn'tmeasure""benchmark""twobooks"這些細(xì)節(jié)可知,空處應(yīng)與設(shè)定字?jǐn)?shù)目標(biāo)有關(guān),由此可知,D項(xiàng)"我從來(lái)沒(méi)有為任何一篇文章設(shè)定字?jǐn)?shù)目標(biāo)"符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。5.E考查結(jié)論句?？仗幨菍?duì)段落的總結(jié)?？涨疤岬?有一個(gè)系統(tǒng)很重要,并且作者以自己寫作的經(jīng)歷"Ifocusedonmysystemandtheprocessofdoingthework.Intheend,Ienjoyedthesame(orperhapsbetter)results"證明了,目標(biāo)固然重要,但是專注于系統(tǒng)和過(guò)程,堅(jiān)持不懈地做才更重要。E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,且能總結(jié)本段,故選E。

話題:真人圖書館

主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)詞數(shù):約294

[2022山東濟(jì)南?？糫TheHumanLibrary

hasbeenworkingtoencourageasenseofsharedhumanityforalmosttwodecades.Itisquitedifferentfromtraditionallibraries.?1Youcanreviewyourperspectivewiththehelpofborrowedhumanbooks.

TheHumanLibraryisanassociationwhichattemptstocreaterespectandunderstandingforthediversityinsocietythroughefforts.

?2Inthisplace,peoplewhootherwisewouldnevermeetortalkcanfindroomforconversation.

Asitswebsitedetails,thelibraryhostsweeklyeventsinlocalcommunities.Thevolunteers,"humanbooks",welcomemembersofthepublictocomeandtalktothem.?3

RonniAbergelisthefounderofthelibrary.?4Ashisideahasspreadlikeabestseller,thelibraryhashostedeventsinmorethan80countries,inlibraries,museums,festivalsandschools.Ithasmorethan1,000humanbooksincirculationinmorethan50languages,withespeciallystrongpresenceinAmericancitiessuchasChicagoandSanFrancisco.

?5Theyhaveservedasatimelywaytoreachouttoscoresofpeoplestuckathome,andfearfulofbeingtooclosetostrangers.Beingabookinthelibraryismorethanwhatyouexpectandissomethingyouwillneverforget.Itisalsoanopportunitytomeetalotofpeoplethataredifferentfromyouandyetyouwillfindyousharealotincommon.Passage6

A.Itcreatesasafespacefordialogue.

B.Hisambitionistobuildahigh-techlibrary.

C.COVID-19hasledtomanyvirtualeventsaswell.

D.Thislibraryallowspeopletostartanonlineconversation.

E.Hejustwantstogetthewholeworldlisteningandtalking.

F.Here,variousquestionsareexpected,appreciatedandanswered.

G.Atthislibrary,youcan"borrow"peopleforaconversationinsteadofbooks.Passage6本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要講了真人圖書館的目的、操作方式、發(fā)展情況以及在新冠肺炎疫情期間發(fā)揮的作用等。1.G考查過(guò)渡句。空前一句講到了真人圖書館與傳統(tǒng)圖書館不同,因此,空處應(yīng)該會(huì)講到這種不同具體體現(xiàn)在什么地方。G項(xiàng)"在這個(gè)圖書館,你可以‘借’人來(lái)聊天而不是借書"符合語(yǔ)境,且與空后的"你可以在借來(lái)的真人圖書的幫助下反思自己的觀點(diǎn)"呼應(yīng),故G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。2.A考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)空后的"peoplewhootherwise...roomforconversation"可以推斷,真人圖書館為人們提供了對(duì)話的空間,故A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。3.F考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,本空承接空前一句,此處應(yīng)該會(huì)講到來(lái)這里交流時(shí)要知道的一些情況,故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。4.E考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,空處應(yīng)該會(huì)繼續(xù)講RonniAbergel,故B、E項(xiàng)符合初步判斷。根據(jù)空后的"thelibraryhas...festivalsandschools"可知,空處講到的應(yīng)該是RonniAbergel想要讓真人圖書館服務(wù)全球,故E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。5.C考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)空后的"atimelyway...athome"可知,真人圖書館在新冠肺炎疫情期間及時(shí)給人們提供了幫助,故C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。答案

話題:應(yīng)對(duì)防衛(wèi)心理主題語(yǔ)境:人與自我核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)詞數(shù):約304

[2022名師原創(chuàng)]Defensivenessisanaturalreactionwhenyoufeelattacked.?1Andit'sonewayyouescaperesponsibilityforyouractionswhenfacingadifficultorunpleasantpersonofsituation.Inconversations,though,defensivenesscanquicklydestroyanyhopesofunderstandingandmovingforward.Sohowcanyourespondtodefensiveness?

Meetingdefensivenesswithdefensivenessislikelytoincreasethetensionratherthanremoveit.Saying"don'tlakeitpersonally"probablywon'thelpeither.?2Soarguingwithadefensiveperson,becomingdefensiveyourself,orbeingjudgmentalwillconfirmtheiranxiety.Whenapersonisdefensive,they'reactingonemotion.Ifemotionsarerunninghigh,youmaywanttowalkawayforawhile,collectyourthoughts,andcomebacktotheconversationlateruntilyoufeelincontrol.?3

Onewaytomanagedefensivenessistofollowsomecommunicationgroundrules.Forexample,youmightagreethateachpersongetsthechancetospeakwithoutinterruptionwhiletheotherpersonlistens.?4Thenswitchroles.Inthisway,youcanaddstructuretoyourconversation.

5Doingthatmayhelpyoutakethingslesspersonallyandavoidgettingthemtothinkthatyou'rejudgingthem.Askquestionswithagenuineinterest,andtrytounderstandwhytheyfeeldefensive.Ifit'saresponsetosomethingyousaidordidoryourtone,apologizeforthatandtryadifferentapproachnexttime.

Passage7

A.Gettingdefensiveprotectsyouandyourfeelings.

B.Youshouldgetcuriousabouttheotherperson'sopinion.

C.Defensivenessisusuallybornoutoffearofrefusalorjudgment.

D.Itmakessensethatyouwanttopickuphelpfultipsoncopingwithit.

E.There'realsosituationswheredefensivenesscreatesanunhealthystate.

F.Ifthisisthecase,communicatetotheotherpersonthatyouneedspace.

G.Thelistenercanreflectontheinformationreceivedandconfirmthespeaker'sfeelings.Passage7本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要闡述了應(yīng)對(duì)防衛(wèi)心理的方法。1.A考查細(xì)節(jié)句?？蘸筇岬?而且這是你在面對(duì)棘手或討厭的人或情況時(shí)逃避責(zé)任的一種方式"。故選A項(xiàng)"有防衛(wèi)心理會(huì)保護(hù)你和你的感情"。2.C考查細(xì)節(jié)句。C項(xiàng)"防衛(wèi)心理通常源于對(duì)拒絕或評(píng)判的恐懼"與下文銜接緊密,C項(xiàng)中的"fear"和"judgment"對(duì)應(yīng)空后的"judgmental"和"anxiety"。3.F考查細(xì)節(jié)句。空前提到"你可能想要先走開一會(huì)兒,整理一下思緒,直到你能冷靜下來(lái)再回到談話中",F項(xiàng)"如果是這種情況,跟對(duì)方說(shuō)你需要空間"承接上文。F項(xiàng)的"thecase"與上文呼應(yīng)。4.G考查過(guò)渡句?？涨疤岬?每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)不受干擾地說(shuō)話,而另一個(gè)人在聽",空后提到"然后交換角色",G項(xiàng)"傾聽者可以思考他們所聽到的,并確認(rèn)說(shuō)話者的感受"承上啟下,符合語(yǔ)境。5.B考查主題句。空后提到"那樣做可以幫助你不那么個(gè)人化地看待事情,避免別人認(rèn)為你在評(píng)判他們",故空處應(yīng)是具體做法。再結(jié)合下文的"Askquestionswithagenuineinterest,andtrytounderstand"可知,選B項(xiàng)"你應(yīng)該對(duì)對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn)感興趣"。答案

話題:自行車博物館主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)核心素養(yǎng):語(yǔ)言能力詞數(shù):約315

[2022名師原創(chuàng)]Howmanybicyclesdoyouneedinyourlife?For67-year-oldChaiLin,it's1,300andcounting.

Chaihasbeenfondofbicyclessincethe1960swhenhesawsomepeopleridingthetwo-wheeledvehicleinhishomecityLanzhouinNorthwestChina.?1Togetenoughmoney,Chaiusedhistalentforwritingandpaintingtocreateartworksandsoldthemonthestreet.Thankstoalltheeffortsand"crowdfunding"inhisfamily,ChaigotaBritish-madeRaleighin1980.?2

Afterbecomingabusinesspersonandearningenoughtobuyfancymotorbikesandcars,Chai'spassionforbikes,however,didn'tfade.?3TheitemshavebroughtChaienormoussatisfaction,butmanypeoplearoundsayChaihasboughtnothingmorethanapileofuselessmetal.Henevermindsthecomments.Inhiseyes,thebikesalsoshowthedevelopmentofglobalindustrialcivilization.

?4In2009,withthesupportofthelocalgovernment,hedecidedtoinvestmoneyinamuseumforthebikes.Withanareaof18,650squaremeters,themuseumstoresnotonlybikes,butmorethan13,500bike-relatedthingslikebooksandphotos.Themuseumhasbeenselectedasanoff-campusresearchcenterforlocalprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsandispopularwithtourists.?5AVRdevicenowisavailableforvisitorstoexperiencethefeelingofridingondifferenttypesofbikes."Bikescarrypreciousmemoriesofourgeneration.Theydeserveacomfortable‘home’,"Chaisaid.Passage8

A.However,inthatera,abicyclewasaluxury.

B.Theideaofbuildingabikemuseumcametohim.

C.Chaihasconstantlyupgradedthefacilitiesinsideit.

D.Buthisfamilythoughthewasblowingmoneyonnonsense.

E.Chaitreasureditsomuchthathewasevenunwillingtorideit.

F.Withhiscollectiongrowing,therewasnospacetokeepthebikes.

G.Hebegancollectingbikesofvariousbrandsandagesfromaroundtheworld.

本文是記敘文。柴林自幼時(shí)起就酷愛(ài)自行車,后來(lái)他開始收集來(lái)自世界各地的自行車,并在當(dāng)?shù)卣闹С窒?建立了一家自行車博物館。Passage8答案【核心單詞】fadev.逐漸消逝,逐漸消失;(使)變淡,變暗

enormousadj.巨大的,龐大的,極大的luxuryn.奢侈品;奢華;不常有的樂(lè)趣(或享受、優(yōu)勢(shì))

treasurev.珍視,珍愛(ài),珍重n.金銀財(cái)寶,財(cái)富;極貴重的物品,珍品

1.A考查細(xì)節(jié)句?？涨疤岬讲窳謱?duì)自行車的喜愛(ài)從20世紀(jì)60年代就開始了,空后提到為了獲得足夠的錢,他利用自己在寫作和繪畫方面的天賦創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)品并在街上售賣,故空處應(yīng)涉及柴林當(dāng)時(shí)買自行車遇到的困難,A項(xiàng)"然而,在那個(gè)時(shí)代,自行車是奢侈品"符合語(yǔ)境。2.E考查細(xì)節(jié)句?？涨疤岬酵ㄟ^(guò)他的努力和家人的"眾籌",柴林在1980年得到了一輛英國(guó)制造的自行車,由此可推斷,空處應(yīng)與柴林得到自行車后的心情或做法等有關(guān),故E項(xiàng)"柴林太珍惜這輛自行車了,以至于他不愿意騎它"能承接上文。3.G考查過(guò)渡句?？涨疤岬讲窳謱?duì)自行車的熱愛(ài)并沒(méi)有消退,空后提到這些物品給他帶來(lái)了巨大的滿足感,故空處內(nèi)容應(yīng)涉及柴林對(duì)自行車的熱愛(ài)是如何被滿足的,G項(xiàng)"他開始收集來(lái)自世界各地的不同品牌、不同年代的自行車"承上啟下。空后的"Theitems"指代G項(xiàng)中的"bikesofvariousbrandsandages"。4.F考查過(guò)渡句。上文提到柴林收集來(lái)自世界各地的自行車,空后提到在當(dāng)?shù)卣闹С窒?柴林投資建立了一家自行車博物館,F項(xiàng)"隨著他的收藏品的不斷增多,他沒(méi)有空間去放置自行車了"是上文中柴林的做法帶來(lái)的結(jié)果,也是他成立博物館的原因?！疽族e(cuò)點(diǎn)撥】B項(xiàng)"他萌生了建立自行車博物館的想法"雖與本段主旨一致,但是與上文內(nèi)容不銜接,且與下文的"hedecidedtoinvestmoneyinamuseumforthebikes"重復(fù),故可排除。5.C考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)空后提到的現(xiàn)在一個(gè)VR裝置可供游客體驗(yàn)乘坐不同類型自行車的感覺(jué)可知,空處應(yīng)與博物館內(nèi)部的情況有關(guān),故C項(xiàng)"柴林不斷升級(jí)博物館內(nèi)的設(shè)施"符合語(yǔ)境。

考點(diǎn)2標(biāo)題句、主題句和結(jié)論句

話題:與寵物親近主題語(yǔ)境:人與自然核心素養(yǎng):思維品質(zhì)詞數(shù):約326

[2022山東聊城一模]Havingapetcanbeamagicalmomentforalotofpeople.Welcominganewfurryguestinyourlifeconveysafeelingofblissunmatchedbyanythingelse.Unfortunately,manynewpetownerscantakeawhiletoadjustwiththeirpetsandstruggletobondwiththem.1AccordingtocelebritydogtrainerNicoleEllis,certainstepswillhelpyougetclosertoyourpetandeventuallybecomeitsbestfriend.

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatspendingtimewithyourpetscangreatlyhelpyoubondwiththem.Cats,dogs,andotheranimalslovetobeincludedintheactivitiesoftheirhumancompanions.Whetheritisgoingonerrandsorjustchillingathomewatchingamovie,makesureyourfurryfriendsarewithyouandenjoyingthemselves.?2

Anotherthingtokeepinmindisthatplaytimebetweenanownerandtheirpetsisthebestwaytobondandsharewonderfulmomentstogether.Itisimportanttoknowwhattypeofplayyourpetsenjoy.Justlikeeachindividualisdifferent,animalsaredifferentfromeachothertoo.3Notonlywouldtheseactivitieskeepthemingoodhealthandstaveoffboredom,buttheywouldgoalongwaytowardsmakingyouandyourpetscloser.

?4Whetheryou'reteachingthemasimplecommandlike"Sit!"orteachingthemamorecomplexbackflipanddance,yourpetissuretoenjoyyourcompanyandwouldloveyouallthemoreforit.Trainingwouldalsoeasefrustrationasyourpetswouldgrowtobemoreobedientandwell-behaved.5

Passage1

A.Intime,you'llbeinseparable.

B.Justbesuretorewardthemafter.

C.Trainingwouldboostyourconfidence.

D.Alltheanimalsdon'tlikethesameactivities.

E.Exploreandfigureoutwhatwouldbethebestactivities.

F.Mostpeopleforgetthattrainingthepetsandteachingthemtricksisahealthyway.

G.Itisimportantthatyouandyourfurryfriendhaveahealthyandlovingrelationship.Passage1

【考點(diǎn)突破】七選五有些設(shè)空簡(jiǎn)明地概括了一個(gè)段落的主要內(nèi)容,或突出了某個(gè)段落的主題,或是對(duì)某個(gè)段落的總結(jié),它們分別稱為標(biāo)題句、主題句和結(jié)論句。標(biāo)題句一般自成一行,根據(jù)設(shè)空位置很容易分辨出來(lái);主題句大多數(shù)情況下是在段首,有時(shí)也在段尾;結(jié)論句基本上都是在段尾。三者考查的都是考生的概括能力。

解答段落標(biāo)題句這類試題時(shí),首先應(yīng)根據(jù)設(shè)空位置判斷出考查的是段落小標(biāo)題,即考查對(duì)下文段落主要內(nèi)容的總結(jié)歸納;其次,結(jié)合下文找出中心句和關(guān)鍵詞句,特別留意but,therefore,however等詞后的句子;最后,識(shí)別關(guān)鍵詞和哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)呼應(yīng)。段落標(biāo)題句一般短小精悍,一旦中心意思匹配,該選項(xiàng)即是答案。

段落主題句或結(jié)論句通常言簡(jiǎn)意賅,能夠高度概括某段的大意或總結(jié)某段或全文的主要內(nèi)容?？忌鷳?yīng)快速閱讀整個(gè)段落,把握大意,選擇能夠體現(xiàn)整段主要意思或能夠總結(jié)本段所講內(nèi)容的選項(xiàng),最后還要帶入原文檢驗(yàn)是否與整篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)及大意相符。答案

這是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要介紹了一些和寵物建立親密關(guān)系的方法。1.G考查過(guò)渡句。根據(jù)上文中的"manynewpetownerscantakeawhiletoadjustwiththeirpetsandstruggletobondwiththem"可知,許多新養(yǎng)寵物的人需要一段時(shí)間來(lái)適應(yīng)和他們的寵物相處,并努力與它們建立親密的關(guān)系;根據(jù)下文中的"certainstepswillhelpyougetclosertoyourpetandeventuallybecomeitsbestfriend"可知,一些步驟可以幫助你和你的寵物更親近,并最終成為它最好的朋友?？仗幊猩蠁⑾?說(shuō)明你和寵物建立怎樣的關(guān)系,G項(xiàng)"你和你毛茸茸的朋友之間有一個(gè)健康而有愛(ài)的關(guān)系是很重要的"符合語(yǔ)境,且G項(xiàng)中的"relationship"與上文中的"bond"相呼應(yīng),故選G。2.A考查結(jié)論句。根據(jù)上文可知,你要確保你的寵物和你待在一起并且玩得開心。本空為本段最后一句,應(yīng)說(shuō)明這一做法帶來(lái)的結(jié)果,A項(xiàng)"假以時(shí)日,你們會(huì)形影不離"符合語(yǔ)境,故選A。3.E考查細(xì)節(jié)句。下文提到了"theseactivities",那么本空應(yīng)與"這些活動(dòng)"有關(guān),E項(xiàng)"探索并找出最好的活動(dòng)"符合語(yǔ)境,且與上文中的"knowwhattypeofplayyourpetsenjoy"相呼應(yīng),故選E。4.F考查主題句。根據(jù)下文中的"Whetheryou'reteachingthemasimplecommand...well-behaved"可知,本段主要介紹了訓(xùn)練寵物的相關(guān)內(nèi)容,F項(xiàng)"大多數(shù)人忘記了訓(xùn)練寵物和教它們一些技巧是一種健康的方式"能概括本段的主旨,且F項(xiàng)中的"training"和"teaching"與下文中的"teaching"和"Train